low fidelity prototype assignment

Canned Heat Energy Storage J. Skardon 2 June 2013

[email protected]

CONFIDENTIAL-‐ John N. Skardon

Thermal Energy Storage (TES)-‐Technology Status The purpose of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems is to store a sizeable quanNty of thermal energy (heat or cold) for long periods. The ability to store thermal energy is very important for using renewable energy in heaNng and cooling systems effecNvely, since it decouples the availability of renewable energy from the Nme when it is needed, thus increasing the degree which it can be uNlized. There are three major reasons for using thermal energy storage: 1.  Improving system efficiency by avoiding parNal load operaNon ,or operaNon at other sub-‐

opNmal Nmes, or taking advantage of waste energy (e.g. heat released from chillers). This can involve storage over hours, days or months.

2.  ShiUing demand over Nme to reduce peak loads. This can improve overall energy system efficiency, reduce investment in energy infrastructure and reduce costs. Storage is typically required for hours or days.

3.  FacilitaNng the greater use of renewable energy by storing energy available at a certain Nme, so it can beVer cover demand (storing solar thermal energy over days, weeks or months to match water and/or space heaNng demand).


Canned Heat (CH)-‐Energy Storage Technology


•  We plan to commercialize a technology for storing energy in adsorbents.

•  Charging the storage unit is done with a variety of waste heat sources or using renewable driven heaters.

•  Heat can be extracted at 60-‐80ºC by simply adding humid air via a baVery

powered fan. •  Material used are low cost, well studied, but can also be grown as a thin film,

enabling us to use micro fabricaNon techniques to achieve very high storage densiNes.

•  Markets include seasonal storage of excess thermal energy in summer,

emergency heat for first responders and military during disasters, intrinsically safe process heat (no flame or spark), space heaNng of all types.

Some Basics (CH)

Adsorbents Material: •  Can be purchased (bulk) or made on site. •  Can be grown as very thin film. •  Energy storage 200kw/m3, upper limit may be 300+. OperaAon Mode: •  Charging Mode: Energy stored when H20 is desorbed. •  Discharge Mode: Energy released when H20 (humid air) added . •  Reversible, no degradaNon.

Science Background : •  Surface science. •  Langmuir Isotherms.


RH,T sensors

60-‐80º Hot Dry Air output

Micro Controller Unit RH,T sensors

25-‐35ºC 90% RH Air

input

Adsorbent filled cylinder (Insulated)

*As water adsorbs onto the adsorber, energy is released and the weight of the adsorber container increases due to the adsorbed water (max about 250mg/g of H20).

*RH-‐RelaNve Humidity *T-‐ Temperature

AdsorpAon/Discharge Mode (GeneraAon of Heat)


Canned Heat -‐Concept:

Adsorbent filled cylinder (Insulated)

100-‐250ºC

Renewable powered air heater or waste

heat.

Hot moist air out (60-‐80ºC)

DesorpAon/Charging Mode (Thermal Storage)

*As water desorbs, steam is released and the weight of the adsorber container decreases.


Canned Heat -‐ Concept:

Output: Dry hot/moist air depending on the mode of operaAon.

Water circulaAon to generate humid air.

Storage mode : Input heated air from

fan 100-‐250ºC.

GeneraAon mode : Input 90% RH air using a fan powered by solar

VenAlator powered by solar energy for hot air

generaAon.

Renewable solar energy.


Adsorber filled

Cylinder (CH)

Commercial CH -‐ Energy Storage System

Simple Product Concept

•Energy storage appliance •Modular/expandable energy storage “bank”. •Room Heater. •Emergency Heat for car, truck, first responder. •Seasonal heat storage. •Carbon credits.

A 20kg unit can store about 1KW indefinitely at room temp. Unit must be kept air Nght during storage (valves closed)


Summary:

low fidelity prototype assignment

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