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Amin ArbabianJan M. Rabaey

Lecture 1:Introduction

EE142 – Fall 2010Introduction

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Instructors:– Dr. Amin Arbabian (6th year PhD Student)

arbabian@eecs

Office Hours (probably 550 Cory, will update on website)

– Prof. Jan Rabaey563 Cory Hall, jan@eecs

Office Hours: Tu 2pm-3:30pm, 563 Cory

GSIs:– Siva Viswanathan Thyagarajan, sivavth@eecs

(Regular GSI)

– Matthew Spencer, mespence@eecs (Lab GSI)

Class Webpage:http://bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu/classes/icdesign/ee142_f10

Practical Information

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Discussion and Labs

Discussion Session– Monday 5-6pm, 247 Cory Hall (Siva)

– Will update webpage if additional session or change in time

First discussion session covers MWO software (Microwave Office). Monday August 30th 5-6pm. – AWR will provide free personal licenses for people in

this class so make sure to attend. You need to register online, please check webpage for instructions (will be updated before Monday).

Lab Session – Monday 10am-1pm and Thursday 12-3pm (Matthew)

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Software

Initial problem sets can work with Hspice (assuming you all have some sort of familiarity with one form of Spice)

Later on in the course (Mixers and Oscillators) need to move to Spectre or ADS or MWO

Get your accounts and software setup as soon as possible

We will have tutorials and support documents on each of the software tools on the webpage

Your GSI can help with you any initial setup problem for the tools

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Grading Policy

Grading Policy– Homework (10-11 problem sets): 20%

– Midterm (mid to late October): 25%

– Lab: 20%

– Final: 35%

Can work together on homework, BUT– each student must hand in a unique solution. For each SPICE

simulation, hand in the netlist in text or graphical form, the complete SPICE deck, and an edited copy of the SPICE results. Make sure you present your results in a professional manner.

Please read the department policy on academic dishonesty.

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References

No required textbooks (class notes and problem sets sufficient)

Recommended Texts (will place on hold at Eng. library):

– The design of CMOS radio-frequency integrated circuits, Thomas H. Lee. Cambridge ; New York, NY, USA : Cambridge University Press, 1998.

– RF microelectronics, Behzad Razavi. Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall, 1998.

– Electromagnetics for High-Speed Analog and Digital Communication Circuits, Ali Niknejad, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

– Analysis and Design of Integrated Circuits, Paul R. Gray, Paul J. Hurst, Stephen H. Lewis, Robert G. Meyer, 4th Ed., Wiley, 2001.

– Communication Circuits: Analysis and Design: Kenneth Clarke and Donald Hess, Krieger Publishing Company, 1971.

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Block Diagram of a Communication System

This course

• A typical communication system can be partitioned into a transmitter, a channel, and a receiver.• In this course we will study the circuits that interface from the channel to the receiver/transmitter. These circuits are at the “front-end'” of the transceiver.

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Example: Inside a cell phone

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What is Special about Transceivers?

Transmitters– Need to deliver (high-power) signals to the antenna

with good efficiency

– Need to provide signals that are ideally shaped for reception and do not interfere with neighboring services

Receivers– Need to efficiently detect weak high-frequency signals

– Need to suppress interferers

– Need to transform them to low-frequency signals that can be effectively decoded

Common property: Non-linear time varying circuits

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Non-Linear Time Varying Circuits

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Communication System: Source Data

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The Signal Transmission Problem

Example: Telephony

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The Signal Transmission Problem

LAN (Ethernet)

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The Signal Transmission Problem

Wireless Transmission

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Sharing the Spectrum

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The Interference Challenge

Detecting a signal requires a certain Signal-to-Noise Ratio (e.g. 10 dB)

Desired signal maybe smaller than other signals– Out-of-band signals maybe filtered

out

– What to do with in-band signals?

Dynamic range of wireless signals is very large– The “bars” on you cell phone

Signal strength may vary in a big way

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The Interference Challenge

Don’t throw out the baby with the bath water …

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Multi-Path Propagation

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Multi-Path Fading

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How Do We Deal With All This?

Signal Modulation

Signal Shaping

Amplification and Rejection

Filtering

Signal Processing

All this at high frequencies, and within tight constraints of cost, power and footprint

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Modulation

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AM/FM Modulation

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Simple AM Transmitters (TX)

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Simple AM Receiver

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Simple FM Transmitter/Receiver

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Using Digital Signaling

On-Off Keying (OOK)

Binary-Shift Keying (BPSK)

Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK)