latin america and the caribbean
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Latin America and the Caribbean. New World America. Columbus opened the door from Old World Europe to New world America in 1492. Spain, Portugal, France and Great Britain would influence foods and food culture for the next 300 years. Latin America. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Latin America and the
Caribbean
New World America Columbus opened the door from
Old World Europe to New world America in 1492.
Spain, Portugal, France and Great Britain would influence foods and food culture for the next 300 years.
Latin America Three native cultures dominated the
early history of Latin America Aztecs in Mexico
Mayas in Central America
Incas of South America
Rich Harvest of Foods Corn, beans, chiles,
squash, potatoes, tomatoes, avocados, & cassava (starchy root vegetable).
European Influence Spanish & Portuguese
Wheat & Hogs Spanish
Rice, goats, sheep and chickens French
Herbs (thyme and chives), culinary system
English Coffee shrubs
Chiles Chiles, both red and green, are the basis
for a staple of salsa (or sauce). Most recipes are chunky mixtures with
added tomatoes, onion, garlic and spices. Adobo is a spicy vinegar salsa used as a rub or
serving sauce for meats Escabeche, originally a Spanish pickling
sauce, is a marinade for cooked fish, chicken and vegetables.
Achiote sauce is made of ground chiles onions and herbs.
Latin American Dishes Diet based on corn, rice and beans may appear as
any part of la comida (the meal). Pollo con arroz - rice is paired with chicken. Empanada - a turnover filled with meat,
vegetables, fruit, or all three. Sometimes filled with leftovers!!!!!
Chorizo – a spicy sausage Ceviche – an appetizer of raw fish marinated in
citrus juice until firm and opaque. Served with chiles, tomatoes and onions.
Sopas – soups featuring meat as the main ingredient; peanuts and squash are also used.
Mexico Agriculture
Grow corn, beans, wheat and rice for food at home.
Main exportscoffee, vegetables, fruit and
livestock.
Mexican Ingredients Corn
60 varieties of corn grown Masa – corn is dried, cooked soaked in
limewater and then ground into this dough. Masa harina – course-ground corn flour Tortillas – a popular flatbread, made from masa
Avocados Squash Chocolate
Came from trade with Maya
Mexican Dishes
Tortillas filled with any combination of meat, poultry, beans, fish and cheese are a staple Tacos – tortillas are folded over and eaten by hand Quesadillas – tortillas are folded around cheese
and grilled. Enchiladas – tortillas dipped in chile sauce before
they are filled and baked Tamales – uncooked masa is spread on corn husks
and rolled
Mexican Dishes Frijoles – BEANS – are in main dishes as
tortilla fillings or beans and rice. Frijoles refritos – side dish of red or pinto beans,
mashed and fried in lard Cocido – bean stew often made with pork and
vegetables Posole – main course soup of pork or chicken and
dried corn Menudo – combines tripe (lining of a cow’s
stomach), hominy, chiles Sopas de papas – potato soup with melted cheese
Mexican Dishes Salsas are an everyday condiment. In Guadalajara, a salsa is made with
chipotle chiles (smoked jalapenos) and tomatillos (Mexican green tomatoes).
Mole - this sauce blends dozens of chiles Chiles, pumpkin or sesame seeds, onions,
unsweetened chocolate and spices. Mole poblano – best known version
accompanies turkey
Mexican Dishes
Seafood – Gulf of Mexico region Mofongo-
Shrimp is prepared with pureed plantains (starchy banana), onion, tomato and salsa.
Yucatan peninsula, shrimp is served chiles en escabeche or grilled in an achiote paste
Central America Rural living is common Common foods
Allspice Native berry flavors many sweet and savory
dishes Chicken is widely eaten (flavored with
pineapple, tomatoes or raisins) Chayotes
Native Squash like fruit (often stuffed with cheese)
Central America
Guatemala Pollo Pepian
Chicken in a spicy sauce made with sesame and pumpkin seeds
El Salvador Pupusa
A corn cake filled with refried beans, cheese and pork served with cabbage, onion and carrot slaw
Central America
Nicaragua Nacatamal
Cabbage, plantain and pork steamed in a banana leaf Costa Rica
Gallo pinto Fried beans and rice
Arroz con tuna Rice with tuna
Panama Breakfast tortilla
Corn pastry, deep fried , topped with egg and cheese
South America Thirteen countries make up South
America Three times the size of the United States Regions
Brazil Argentina Andean Countries
Brazil
Main influence 1500’s when Portuguese colonists and African slaves worked sugar plantations
Feijoada completa National dish –
Black beans and various meats simmered together Meats –beef, chorizo, pigs feet and other pork
Side dishes of orange slices and rice round out meal
Brazil Dende oil
Bright orange palm oil used to sauté greens Farofa
Crumbly mixture of sautéed cassava meal and nuts and raisins
Moqueca Seafood from swordfish and shrimp, the base
is coconut milk and tomatoes Guarana
Soft drink made of guarana fruit
Argentina Influence of more Western and Eastern
Europeans Yerba mate
Tea brewed from holly leaves Beef is a main industry Chimichurri
Sauce of vinegar, olive oil in garlic, parsley, onion and oregano – used on beef
Carbonada criolla Mixed stew with meats, fruits and veggies
Andean Countries
Columbia, Equador, Peru and Chile Mountains, seacoast and rainforest
Andean foothills Birthplace of Potatoes
Pacific Ocean Seabass to sea urchin
Grazing land limited, meat comes from easily kept animals Chicken, llama and guinea pigs
Andean Countries Arepa
Small griddle cake made with cracked corn Aji
Local chile and a hot sauce made from it Charqui
Llama jerky - meat salted and dried Ajiaca
Columbian soup of chicken, potatoes and corn Anticucho
Peruvian cubes of beef heart skewered and marinated
The Caribbean Caribs and Arawaks are the earliest know
inhabitants They taught European colonists two skills
Barbeque and season with chiles Seafood and Conch Chicken, pork and goat Rice and legumes
Black & red beans, black eyed peas and pigeon peas
Mangoes, figs, pomegranates & coconuts
Caribbean Dishes Jamaica shows African elements in food
National dish is Ackee (tropical fruit) and Saltfish (dried cod) – both are West African imports
Jerk Blend of chiles, onions, garlic, allspice and other
herbs and spices Griot
Cubes of meat marinate in citrus juice, salt, pepper and thyme (French influence)
Sofrito Saute of onion, garlic and bell pepper in olive oil
(Spanish influence