Zhikal O. Khudhur/Assist lecturer_____________________________________________Hematology– 3rd Stage /1st Semester

zhikal.omer@tiu.edu.iq https://tiu.edu.iq/

2021 - 2022

TIU - Faculty of ScienceMedical Analysis Department

Lab.1: Practical Hematology

Learning objectives

• how to communicate with patients in order totake a sample.

how to take blood from a vein.•

Lab Safety

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Wear comfortable, inexpensive clothing or a lab coat.

Confine long hair and remove dangling jewelry.

do not bring foods, drinks, or any unnecessary stuffsthe lab (they will become contaminated).

Do not eat, drink or chew gum in a lab.

Clean work surfaces after each lab.

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Clean glassware & equipment's before you

Wash your hands before leaving.

Turn off equipment's when finished

leave.

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Procedure of blood collection1- Let the patient be seated on the chair

comfortably.

2- Ensure the identity of the patient

3- Apply a soft tourniquet fastening arm band to the upper arm to enable the veins to be seen and

felt. Do not apply the tourniquet too tightly or for longer than 2 minutes. Ask the patient to make a tight fist which will make the veins more prominent.

4- Using the index finger, feel for a suitable vein, selecting a sufficien large straight vein that does not r and with a direction that can be

5- Cleanse the puncture site with 70% ethanol andallow to dry. Do not re-touch the cleansed area.

6- With the thumb of the left hand holding down the skin below the puncture site .

7- make the venepuncture with the bevel of the needleof syringe directed upwards in the line of the vein.

8- steadily withdraw the plunger of the syringe at the speed it is taking the vein to fill. Avoid moving the needle in the vein.

• NB-If the plunger is withdrawn too quickly this can cause haemolysis of the blood and the collapse of a small vein.

9- When sufficient blood has been collected, release thetourniquet and instruct the patient to open his or her fist.Remove the needle and immediately press on the puncturesite with a piece of dry cotton wool. Remove the tourniquetcompletely. Instruct the patient to continue pressing on thepuncture site until the bleeding has stopped.

10- remove the needle from the syringe, discard the needlein sharp waste container safely and carefully fill thevacutainer tube(s) with the required volume of blood .

• Do not attempt to re-sheath the needle as this can resultin needle-stick injury.

• Important: Do not fill a container with the needle attached to the syringe. Forcing the blood through the needle can cause haemolysis .

11- Mix immediately the blood in an EDTA, Heparin orcitrate (anticoagulated) container.

12- Check that bleeding from the venepuncturestopped. Cover the area with a small dressing.adhesive tape is subjective- if a patient has lot

site hasPuttingof hair

then it is better to keep it pressed for 5 min & check forany bleeding.

Capillary blood collection

• Capillary blood:- Capillary blood is best taken from the radialside of middle finger tip. In case of infants, the blood can betaken from heel. The puncture site should be cleaned withether or with 70% ethanol.

Veins used fordrawing blood

1. Median cubital vein first choice, well supported, least apt roll

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2. Cephalic vein - secondchoice

Basilic vein - third choice, often the most prominent vein, but it tends to roll easily and makes venipuncture difficult

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Arterial Sampling

• It is used in the identification of metabolic,respiratory, and mixed acid-base disorders,where CO2 monitoring.

levels require understanding or

radial artery

Qualities of a Phlebotomist•

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Compassion

Hand–eye coordination

Ability to multitask.

Team player

Dependability

Honesty

Integrity

Flexibility

Professional

Appearance