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KEY FIGURES ON IMMIGRATION 2015

Euroopan muuttoliikeverkosto Co-financed by the

European Union

2

Design and layout: OS/G Viestintä Oy

Overall responsibility for the publication:

European Migration NetworkFinnish Immigration ServicePanimokatu 2a00580 Helsinki

Tel. +358 (0)295 430 [email protected]

ISBN 978-952-5920-51-2

2016

Key figures on immigration 2015

The Finnish National Contact Point of the Euro-pean Migration Network (EMN) has compiled thisstatistical review from the statistics of the Finn-ish Immigration Service, Police and Finnish Bor-der Guard as well as the International Organi-zation for Migration (IOM). In addition, the EMN

has produced the annual policy report, which covers the migration and asylum policy of Fin-land in 2015. The report offers advanced infor-mation on phenomena, which this statistical re-view discusses in the light of figures.

The statistical review is primarily based on official statistics published or to be published by the au-thorities. The Finnish National Contact Point of the EMN is responsible for matters related to com-piling and presenting the statistics.

An overview of the first residence permits issued and registration of EU citizens. ..................... 4First residence permits issued by the Finnish Immigration Service, ......................................... the distribution of issuance grounds, Top 10 nationalities ..................................................... 6Who came for work? ...................................................................................................... 8Who was issued with a residence permit on the basis of family ties? ................................... 10How many came to study? ............................................................................................ 12Remigration ................................................................................................................. 14First residence permits issued by the Police ...................................................................... 15New fixed-term residence permits issued by the Police (permit extensions) .......................... 16Registration of the right of residence of an EU citizen and family members ........................... 17How many people sought asylum in Finland? ................................................................... 18Decisions made in the asylum process ............................................................................ 20Resettled refugees ........................................................................................................ 21Reception of asylum seekers .......................................................................................... 22Trafficking in human beings ........................................................................................... 23Citizenship ................................................................................................................... 24Irregular migration ....................................................................................................... 27Removal decisions and prohibitions of entry ..................................................................... 28Enforcement of removal ................................................................................................ 30Assisted voluntary return ............................................................................................... 31Online statistics ............................................................................................................ 32

3

4

INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION

1,628

RESETTLED REFUGEES

1,034

REMIGRATION

244

EMPLOYMENT

5,436

FAMILY

8,057

STUDYING

5,869

REGISTRATION OF EU CITIZENS

10,838

Overview 2015

OTHER

462

33,568

The figure includes the first residence permits issued bythe Finnish Immigration Service and the police to third country nationals as well as the registration carried out by the police of the right of residence of EU citizens and family members. The number of EU citizens and their family members registered was 10,838. The next larg-est group is third country nationals arriving on the ba-sis of family ties, a total of 8,057 people (first residence permits issued by the Finnish Immigration Service and the police).

Source: The Finnish Immigration Service and the Police

6

The map indicates the Top 10 countries to who-secitizens the Finnish Immigration Service issu-ed the highest number of first residence permitsin 2015. The graphs show the division of thegrounds for issuance of residence permits per na-tionality.* The Finnish Immigration Service issue-da total of 20,709 first residence permits in 2015.

5001 000

AN OVERVIEW OF IMMIGRATION IN 2015

United States

First residence permits issued, Top 10nationality by grounds for issuance

* Grounds in the graphs: employment, family, studying, international protection, remigration and other reasons (adoptions, au pair, a residence permit for a victim of trafficking in human beings, other grounds).

� Employment � Family� Studying� International protection� Remigration� Other

7

China

Russian Federation

Turkey

The Ukraine

India

Vietnam

Thailand

Nepal

Republic of Korea

8

In 2015, the Finnish Immigration Service issued5,463 first residence permits on the grounds of employment.The share of positive decisions was 84%. The number of negative decisions was 885 (16%). Compared to 2014, the total number of residence permits issued grew by 374 permits. The biggest growth was seen in the category of

Who came to work?employment requiring a preliminary decision (a residence permit for an employed person 2015: 3,003 2014: 2,424) and the steepest decline in the category of residence permits issued to spe-cialists (2015: 985 2014: 1,153).

The residence permit for an employed person (in

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Urheilu ja valmentaminen

Tieteellinen tutkimus

Osaratkaisua edellyttävä työnteko

Muu työnteko

Harjoittelija

Erityisasiantuntija, sininen kortti

Erityisasiantuntija

Elinkeinonharjoittaminen

Positive decisionstotal 5,062

Negative decisions, total 767

8928 | total 117

| total 1 155

| total 5

| total 300

| total 244

| total 618

| total 312

| total 3,078

1,1532

50

28218

22618

59820

28527

2,424658

DECISIONS ON THE FIRST RESIDENCE PERMIT APPLICATIONS BASED ON EMPLOYMENT IN 2014

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Urheilu ja valmentaminen

Tieteellinen tutkimus

Osaratkaisua edellyttävä työnteko

Muu työnteko

Harjoittelija

Erityisasiantuntija, sininen kortti

Erityisasiantuntija

Elinkeinonharjoittaminen5038

221

21712

18610

65017

32321

| total 88

| total 23

| total 229

| total 196

| total 667

| total 344

| total 988

| total 3,786

9853

3,003783


Negative decisions, total 885

Source: Finnish Immigration Service


Self-employment

Senior expert

Specialist, blue card

Trainee

Other work

Work requiring a part-decision

Scientific research

Sports and coaching

Self-employment

Senior expert

Specialist, blue card

Trainee

Other work

Work requiring a part-decision

Scientific research

Sports and coaching

9

the table, employment requiring a preliminary decision) is a residence permit issued on the grounds of employment, which entitles the hold-er to work in the field stated in the permit or, al-ternatively, for a certain employer. The permit must be applied for when employment is not pos-sible on the basis of another residence permit. A residence permit for an employed person is sub-ject to two-phase consideration:➀ First, the Employment and Economic Develop-ment Office considers the employment and sub-sistence requirements of the permit in its pre-liminary decision, in other words, makes a judg-ment concerning employment and subsistence.➁ Thereafter, the Finnish Immigration Service issuesthe first residence permit for an employedperson, unless there are statutory reasons for notissuing the permit.

A person who pursues a trade or profession in Finland must apply for a residence permit for a self-employed person. In addition to a residence permit for an employed person, a foreign na-tional can work in Finland on another residence

Positive decisions

Negative decisions

TOP 3 NATIONALITIES IN 2015

TOP 10 NATIONALITIES IN 2015 Positive Negative Total

The Ukraine 1 023 86 1 109

India 804 10 814

Russian Federation 586 88 674

China 482 82 564

United States 368 21 389

Thailand 275 45 320

The Philippines 222 35 257

Vietnam 223 27 250

Serbia 130 14 144

Kosovo 61 80 141

Top-10 total 4 174 488 4 662

Total all 5,436 885 6,321

IndiaThe Ukraine Russian Federation

1,023 804 586

88

1086

permit issued on the grounds of employment, for example, as a specialist, researcher, trainee, etc. In cases like this, the application decision is made by the Finnish Immigration Service without a preliminary decision by the Employment and Economic Development Office and labour policy-based consideration.

Specialists are one of the largest groups which do not need a residence permit for an employed person in order to work in Finland. Specialists in-clude IT experts, specialists in a certain field who have a degree from an institute of higher edu-cation or other persons with a degree from an institute of higher education who are hired for a position requiring special competence. The larg-est group among the Top 10 nationalities is na-tionals of the Ukraine (1,023 positive decisions).

The largest nationalities in employment requiring a preliminary decision are Ukraine, Russia and Philippines (sectors: gardening, chefs and other kitchen personnel, agricultural workers, clean-ing personnel).

GENDER RATIO, GRANTED RESIDENCE PERMITS

69 %

31 %

Men

Women

10

Suomen kansalaisen puoliso

Suomen kansalaisen muu omainen

Suomen kansalaisen lapsi

Suomen kansalaisen huoltaja

Muun ulkomaalaisen puoliso

Muun ulkomaalaisen muu omainen

Muun ulkomaalaisen lapsi

Muun ulkomaalaisen huoltaja

Kv. suojelua saaneen puoliso

Kv. suojelua saaneen muu omainen

Kv. suojelua saaneen lapsi

Kv. suojelua saaneen huoltaja


Negative decisions total 1,878

515

168131

623

657

801153

174

6947

1199

1,601559

780118

33142

2,539530

| total 20

| total 299

| total 29

| total 63

| total 954

| total 21

| total 116

| total 110

| total 2,160

| total 898

| total 175

| total 3,069


Suomen kansalaisen puoliso

Suomen kansalaisen muu omainen

Suomen kansalaisen lapsi

Suomen kansalaisen huoltaja

Muun ulkomaalaisen puoliso

Muun ulkomaalaisen muu omainen

Muun ulkomaalaisen lapsi

Muun ulkomaalaisen huoltaja

Kv. suojelua saaneen puoliso

Kv. suojelua saaneen muu omainen

Kv. suojelua saaneen lapsi

Kv. suojelua saaneen huoltaja


Negative decisions total 2,099

1033

210163

815

17128

1,04288

269

6820

1865

1,826563

860404

14435

2,728379

| total 43

| total 373

| total 23

| total 145

| total 1 130

| total 35

| total 88

| total 83

| total 2,389

| total 1,264

| total 449

| total 3,107

DECISIONS ON THE FIRST RESIDENCE PERMIT APPLICATIONS BASED ON FAMILY TIES IN 2014

Immigration on the basis of family ties accounted for a large part of legal immigration to Finland in 2015, even though there was a decline compared to 2014. A total of 6,036 applicants were issued a first residence permit on the basis of family ties by the Finnish Immigration Service (2013: 6,774). Of these, 898 were applicants considered to be family members of Finnish citizens. Fam-

Who was issued aresidence permit on the basis of familyties?


Guardian of a person in receipt of international protection

Child of a person in receipt of international protection

Other family member of a person in receipt of international protection

Spouse of a person in receipt of international protection

Guardian of a third country national

Child of a third country national

Other family member of a third country national

Spouse of a third country national

Guardian of a Finnish citizen

Child of a Finnish citizen

Other family member of a Finnish citizen

Spouse of a Finnish citizen

Guardian of a person in receipt of international protection

Child of a person in receipt of international protection

Other family member of a person in receipt of international protection

Spouse of a person in receipt of international protection

Guardian of a third country national

Child of a third country national

Other family member of a third country national

Spouse of a third country national

Guardian of a Finnish citizen

Child of a Finnish citizen

Other family member of a Finnish citizen

Spouse of a Finnish citizen

11

| total 3,069

| total 3,107

ily members of persons that have been granted international protection were issued with a total of 986 residence permits and family members of other foreign nationals were issued 4152 resi-dence permits altogether.

In accordance with the Aliens Act, family mem-bers of foreign nationals living in Finland and Finnish citizens are:In accordance with the Aliens Act, family mem-bers of foreign nationals living in Finland and Finnish citizens are: spouse, registered partner, cohabitation partner (a requirement of living to-gether for two years unless the couple has a child in joint custody), unmarried child under 18 years of age under the care and custody of the person living in Finland, guardian, if the person living in Finland is under 18 years old.

The statistics on residence permit applicationsbased on family ties also include applicants out-side the core family, other relatives, for examplethe parents and siblings of an adult.

The top nationalities to which residence permits were issued on the basis of family ties were Russia (947), India (671) and Somalia (405). As a rule, citizens of Somalia who received a residence per-mit on the basis of family ties were family mem-bers of citizens of Somalia who had been granted international protection in Finland. Citizens of In-dia, on the other hand, were family members of foreign nationals who reside in Finland with an employed person’s or student’s residence permit.

Reasons for negative decisions on family ties in-clude:• the family tie cannot be corroborated / it is not real• a marriage is not real (a marriage of conveni-ence)• a guardianship between a child and a parent is not valid / the guardianship is not de facto• the requirements of a foster child relationship are not met• subsistence is not secured• the general requirements for obtaining a resi-dence permit are not met.

DECISIONS ON THE BASIS OF FAMILY TIE TOP 10 NATIONALITIES IN 2015

Positive Negative Total

Russian Federation 947 184 1 131

India 671 38 709

Somalia 405 237 642

Iraq 310 89 399

China 346 30 376

Afghanistan 185 172 357

Kosovo 237 105 342

Turkey 205 95 300

Vietnam 174 115 289

Nigeria 193 53 246

Top 10 nationalities total 3 676 1 179 4 791

Total all 6,036 1,878 7,914

Positive decisions

Negative decisions

DECISIONS ON THE BASIS OF FAMILY TIES TOP 3 NATIONALITIES IN 2015

IndiaRussian Federation

947 671 405

184

38

237

Somalia


Men

Women42 %58 %

12

The Finnish Immigration Service issued 5,869 first student’s residence permits to students from third countries in 2015. The number in-creased slightly compared to 2014 (5,611). A total of 482 applicants (8%) received a nega-tive decision on their student’s residence permit application. A negative decision usually results from irregularities concerning subsistence.

Most student’s residence permits were issued toRussians (993), Chinese (870) and Vietnamese(629) applicants.

How many came to study?

Positive Negative Total

Russian Federation 993 30 1,023

China 870 7 877

Vietnam 629 10 639

Republic of Korea 339 1 340

Nepal 225 70 295

United States 259 5 265

Pakistan 159 69 228

Japan 224 3 227

Bangladesh 126 45 171

India 154 3 160

Top 10 total 3,984 243 4,225

Total all 5,869 482 6,351

DECISIONS ON THE FIRST RESIDENCE PERMIT APPLICATIONS BASED ONSTUDIES IN 2015

2015

| total 5,902

| total 6,351

5,611

482

291

2014

5,869


DECISIONS ON THE FIRST RESIDENCE PERMIT APPLICATIONS BASED ON STUDIES TOP 10 NATIONALITIES IN 2015

Positive decisions

Negative decisions

STUDY DECISIONS TOP 3 NATIONALITIES | 2015

Russian Federation China Vietnam

993

30 710

870 629

13


Men

Women54 %

46 %

Positive decisions

Negative decisions

14

A residence permit to Finland was issued to 244returnees in 2015. Returnees refer to individualswho are immigrating to Finland on the grounds of either remigration or their Finnish origin. Based on these grounds, the number of appli-cations filed was 266 in 2015. Remigration to Finland is clearly declining.

The reason for the declining numbers of return-ees is the closing of the remigration queue of Ingrian Finns in 2011 and the approaching five-year time limit related to it.

Remigration

RESIDENCE PERMITS ISSUED TO RETURNEES 2012–2015

2012 2013 2014

577

417

276


Russian Federation

224

RESIDENCE PERMITS ISSUED BASED ON REMIGRATION

Men

Women

31 %

69 %


2015

244

15

The Police issues the first residence permit to aFinnish citizen’s family member who is in Finlandand their unmarried minor child, as well as afamily member of an EU citizen living in Finland,who has registered their residence, and the family member’s unmarried minor child, if the regulations concerning the EU residence right do not apply to them.

First residence permits issued by the police

FIRST RESIDENCE PERMITS BY THE POLICE - DECISIONS 2015

1,763

2 021

A guardian of a Finnish citizen

A child of a Finnish citizen

A spouse of a Finnish citizen

A child of another foreign national

The first residence permits issued by the Police total

38

2

2

53

167

107

122

11

Source: the Police

16

New fixed-termresidence permitsissued by the Police(permit extensions)(permit extensions)

Positive Negative TotalAdoption 87 0 7Self-employment 252 35 287A former citizen of Finland, Finnish origin 47 0 47Specialist 950 1 951Trainee 10 1 11Humanitarian quota 4 0 4Humanitarian protection 35 0 35Another relative of a person granted international protection 10 0 10Another relative of a person granted international protection 875 0 875Another relative of a person granted international protection 68 2 70Another relative of a person granted international protection 250 4 254Other grounds 426 43 469Other employment 1,787 38 1,825

A guardian of another foreign national 18 2 20

A child of another foreign 3,532 61 3,593

Another relative of another foreign national 13 0 13A spouse of another foreign national 2,645 81 2,726Residence permit on the basis of protection need 2 0 2Studying 6,794 124 6,918Employment requiring a preliminary decision 2,863 604 3,467Refugee status 319 0 319Returnee 272 2 274A guardian of a Finnish citizen 167 11 178A child of a Finnish citizen 91 1 92Another relative of a Finnish citizen 26 0 26

A spouse of a Finnish citizen 3,501 65 3,566

Employment search by a person with a degree earned in Finland 228 7 235Scientific research 1,146 2 1,148Temporary protection 1 0 1Secondary protection status 91 0 91Sports and coaching 65 4 69Compassionate grounds 261 0 261Total 26,756 1,088 27,844

Source: the Police

The Police issues a new fixed-term residence permit(permit extension) to a foreign national residing in Finland.

DECISIONS BY THE POLICE ON APPLICATIONS FOR NEW FIXED-TERM RESIDENCE PERMITS (PERMIT EXTENSIONS) IN 2015

national

17

EU right of residence

A permanent residence card application of a family member of an EU citizen

Registration of an EU citizen

Registration of an EU citizen, self-employment

Registration of an EU citizen, studying

Registration of an EU citizen, family ties

Registration of an EU citizen, sufficient subsistence

Registration of an EU citizen, employment

Family member’s residence card, non-EU citizen

A proof of permanent right of residence

The Police registers the right of residence of EUcitizens and issues residence cards to the familymembers of EU citizens. A residence card is issu-edto an EU citizen’s family member who is not anEU citizen. The number of registrations of rights of residence of EU citizens remained almost on the same level compared to 2014. The largest group for whom registrations were performed in

Registration of the right of residence of anEU citizen and family members

2015 continued to be Estonians (4,046), the number of whom nevertheless declined by a fifthcompared to 2014. Other top countries were Po-land (780), Germany (768), France (513), Uni-ted Kingdom (473), Italy (455) and Spain (451), which indicates that the so called older EU Mem-ber States were well represented.

17

Source: the Police

368 3 | total 371

10,838 634 | total 11,470108 4 | total 112

1 7 | total 8100 7 | total 1071,193 6 | total 1,199

2,562169 | total 2,731

444 51 | total 495

5,600 373 | total 5,973

462 12 | total 474

REGISTRATION OF THE RIGHT OF RESIDENCE OF AN EU CITIZEN TOP-10 NATIONALITIES 2015

2015 Positive Negative Positive and negative totalEstonia 4,046 378 4,424Poland 780 49 829Germany 768 22 790

France 513 19 532United Kingdom 473 18 491Italy 455 18 473Spain 451 15 466Romania 442 13 455Bulgaria 298 12 310Croatia 296 12 308Top 10 countries total 8,522 556 9,078Total 10,838 632 11,470

REGISTRATION OF THE RIGHT OF RESIDENCE OF AN EU CITIZEN AND FAMILY MEMBERS IN 2015

Positive decisions

Negative decisions

18

Iraq20,484

Afghanistan5,214

Somalia1,981

Syria877

Albania762

NATIONALITIES OF ASYLUM SEEKERS, TOP 5 GROUPS IN 2015

The year 2015 was exceptional, 32,476 persons applied for asylum in Finland. 3,024 of the appli-cants were unaccompanied minor asylum seek-ers. Both numbers represent a ten-fold increase compared with 2014.

How many people soughtasylum in Finland?

WHERE DID THE ASYLUM SEEKERSCOME FROM?In 2015, the largest group of asylum seekers by far was citizens of Iraq (20 848). Next came asy-lum seekers from Afghanistan (5,214), Somalia (1,981) and Syria (877). In the summer of 2015, 762 persons from Albania applied for asylum, mostly in economic grounds.

ASYLUM SEEKERS IN 2015 Total

Iraq 20,484Afghanistan 5,214Somalia 1,981Syria 877Albania 762Iran 619Not known 254Russian Federation 190Nigeria 167Kosovo 165Top 10 nationalities total 30,713Total all 32,476

ASYLUM SEEKERS IN 2014 Total

Iraq 826Somalia 411Ukraina 302Afghanistan 205Russian Federation 198Nigeria 166Syria 149Albania 109Iran 95Algeria 91Top 10 nationalities total 2,552Total all 3,651

Men

Women

GENDER RATIO, ASYLUM SEEKERS

81 %

19 %


19

Total

Afghanistan 1,915Iraq 635Somalia 253Syria 40Iran 30Bangladesh 26Morocco 18Algeria 12Not known 11Ethiopia 10Top 10 nationalities total 2,950Total all 3,024

Afghanistan1,915 Iraq

635 Somalia253 Syria

40Iran30

UNACCOMPANIED MINOR ASYLUM SEEKERS, TOP 5 GROUPS IN 2015

WHO WERE THE UNACCOMPANIED MINORASYLUM SEEKERS?The term “unaccompanied minor asylum seeker”refers to a person who states that he/she is under18 years of age and who enters the countryeither completely alone or with a person who is not his/her parent or guardian (or suffi-cient evidence of guardianship of the said per-son is not provided) in order to seek asylum.

The number of unaccompanied minors was over ten times higher in 2015: 3,024 applicants compared to 196 in 2014. Previously, the num-ber of unaccompanied minors remained at the same level annually, at approximately 150 per year. The top countries of origin of unaccompa-nied minors in 2015 were Afghanistan (1,915), Iraq (635) and Somalia (235).

ASYLUM SEEKERS UNACCOMPANIED MINORS IN 2015

TotalSomalia 48Afghanistan 47Morocco 17Iraq 15Democratic Republic of the Congo 11Gambia 7Guinea 7The Ukraine 7Algeria 6Syria 6Top 10 nationalities total 171Total all 196

ASYLUM SEEKERS UNACCOMPANIED MINORS IN 2014


Men

Women94 %

6 %

GENDER RATIO, UNACCOMPANIED MINOR ASYLUM SEEKERS

20

Decisions made in the asylum process In 2015, the Finnish Immigration Service madea total of 7,466 decisions on asylum. The share of positive decisions of all decisions was 25% (22% including only asylum, subsidiary protection and humanitarian protection). The share of negative decisions of all decisions was 18%. 1,094 deci-sions (15%) to dismiss the application were made in 2015 (these include Dublin-decisions*. A new

Positive NegativeAsylum Subsidiary

protectionHuma-

nitarian protection

Other grounds

Positive total

Rejected Negative total

Annul-ment

Dublin Non-examined total

Total

Somalia 19 16 6 4 45 3 1 1 49Afghanistan 1 20 13 34 4 4 38Iraq 5 3 4 12 23 35Morocco 3 3 4 3 3 10Algeria 1 1 6 7Syria 3 1 4 1 1 1 6

DemocraticRepublic ofthe Congo

2 2 4 4

Belorussia 4 4

Ethiopia 2 2 2Ghana 2 2 2TOP 10 total 30 42 6 29 107 41 9 9 157

Total 31 43 6 32 112 2 2 44 10 10 168

development for 2015 was also the high number of expired decisions 3,186 (43% of all decisions). The majority of the asylum applications that were registered in the autumn of 2015 are still await-ing examination. In 2015, the number of decisions concerning unaccompanied minors was 168, of which 112 were positive. Gender ratio of positive decisions men 73% women 27% (unaccomp. mi-nors men 86% women 14%)

Positive NegativeAsylum Subsi-

diary protec-

tion

Huma-nitarian protec-

tion

Other grounds

Posi-tive

total

Rejected Manifest-ly un-

founded

Neg-ative total

Annul-ment

Dublin Receiv. protec.

in EU state

Other grounds

Total non-

exam-ined

Total

Iraq 433 154 39 26 652 96 23 119 2556 369 9 16 394 3721Albania 50 328 378 279 9 1 10 667Somalia 261 140 66 19 486 17 17 10 120 14 15 149 662Afghanistan 47 46 28 121 32 16 48 35 117 4 3 124 328Russian Federation 62 20 14 96 52 27 79 32 6 1 7 214

Syria 109 22 3 134 2 2 22 31 6 37 195Nigeria 1 28 29 47 15 62 8 51 1 1 53 152Kosovo 4 4 25 85 110 23 9 9 146Iran 42 6 48 9 1 10 23 18 1 2 21 102Morocco 3 5 8 5 19 24 30 38 38 100TOP 10 total 958 382 105 133 1578 318 531 849 3018 768 29 45 842 6287Total 1112 397 119 251 1879 549 758 1307 3186 1005 33 56 1094 7466

DECISIONS ON ASYLUM IN 2015

DECISIONS ON ASYLUM UNACCOMPANIED MINORS IN 2015

* For more information on the Dublin procedure, please see http://www.migri.fi/asylum_in_finland/applying_for_asylum/processing_the_application/dismissal


Non-examined applications

Non-examined applications

Under the resettlement scheme, Finland accepts persons whom the United Nations High Commissioner for Refu-gees (UNHCR) has designated as refugees or other for-eign nationals who are in need of international protection. Since 2001, the quota for resettled refugees accepted in Finland has been 750 persons per year. For the years 2014 and 2015, due to the crisis in Syria, an additional quota of 300 people per year was agreed upon. In 2015, the quota was filled almost completely: 1,034 refugees were selected for resettlement in Finland.

Resettled refugees

21

Syria638

Emergencies100 (several nationalities)

DemocraticRepublic ofthe Congo

151Afghanistan

139

QUOTA REFUGEES IN 2015


22

32,476 asylum seekers have had an profound impact on the reception system and the amount of reception facilities. On the 31st of December2015 29,800 persons were registered in the re-ception system in a total of 212 reception faci-lities. (31st of December. 2014: 3,300 persons, 28 reception facilities). The maps below illustra-te the change.

Reception of asylum seekers

*Reception facilities for unaccompanied minor asylum seekers: 31st of December 2014: 8 facilities and 150 residents 31st of December 2015: 68 facilities and 2500 residents

Helsinki

LammiKotka

Joutseno

Turku

Kristiinankaupunki

Vaasa

Mänttä-Vilppula

Oravainen

Pietarsaari

Oulu

Kemi

Rovaniemi

Pudasjärvi

Kajaani

Kemijärvi

Kolari

Rovaniemi

Kuusamo

Pudasjärvi

OuluMuhos

RuukkiKajaani

Pietarsaari

OravainenLappajärvi Iisalmi Lieksa

Kitee

Savonlinna

Imatra

Kouvola Joutseno

KotkaPorvoo

Hamina

HelsinkiEspooVantaa

PyhtääVihti

Forssa

Salo

Sastamala

HarjavaltaLaitila

Turku

Nauvo

Raasepori

Renko

KokemäkiIittala

Punkalaidun Hämeenlinna

Kirkkonummi

Nurmijärvi

JämsäRuovesi

Orivesi

KangasalaTampereToijala

JoutsaMikkeli

SiilinjärviKauhava

Seinäjoki

Petäjävesi

KristiinankaupunkiMänttä-Vilppula

Keitele

Saarijärvi Kuopio

Keuruu JyväskyläPieksämäki

Suonenjoki Kontiolahti

Vaasa

Pori Kihniö

Lammi

MaalahtiKorsnäs

Liminka

TornioTervola

Kemi

Torniojärjestelykeskus

Heinola

Locations of reception centers for adults and families and number of residents 2014 and 2015*

31.12.2014

27,300 residents

144 reception units

31.12.2015

3,300 residents

20 reception units

Tampere

Hyrynsalmi

Raahe

Viitasaari

KerimäkiMerikarviaKankaanpää

Asikkala

LahtiNastola

23

RESIDENCE PERMITS FOR VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS

A residence permit for a victim of human traf-ficking was granted to 11 persons in 2015. This shows a decrease compared to 2014, when 23 residence permits were granted. Legislation entered into force in July 2015, which contains provisions on the official identification of a victim of human trafficking. The Finnish Immigration Service has formally identified five victims of hu-man trafficking since the legal amendment en-tered into force. There were more cases, which contained indications of human trafficking, but some of them have either been granted inter-national protection, a residence permit on other grounds or in some cases the conditions for a residence permit are not met. There are no reli-able statistics available on these cases.

NATIONAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM FORVICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMANBEINGS

The National Assistance System for Victims ofTrafficking in Human Beings operates as part ofthe Joutseno reception centre. The AssistanceSystem maintains statistics on persons who have sought inclusion in the system and who have been admitted to the system. On the last day of 2015, the National Assistance System for Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings included 89 people. The number of new clients admit-ted to the Assistance System was 52 in 2015.

NEW CLIENTS IN THE ASSISTANCE SYSTEM

ASSISTANCE SYSTEM CLIENTS BASED ON VICTIMISATION TYPE IN 2014

2011 2012 2013 2014

5148 50

56

Trafficking in human beings

2015

52

18

27

7

■ Sexual abuse■ Employment-based exploitation■ Other exploitation

Source: Joutseno reception centre. The National Assistance System for Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings.


GRANTED RESIDENCE PERMITS FOR A VICTIM OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

2015 2014

23

11

24

Citizenship

CITIZENSHIP APPLICATIONS AND DECLARATIONS AS WELL AS PERSONS GRANTED FINNISH CITIZENSHIP IN 2014–2015

In 2015, a total of 8,281 persons acquired Finn-ish citizenship. The number was slightly lower than in the previous year, when 8,499 persons acquired citizenship. The number of citizenship applications and declarations was 11,880 show-ing a slight decrease from 2014 (12,238). The number of negative decisions has increased. This is most often due to insuffi-cient knowledge of the Finnish or Swedish language.

11,880 Citizenship applications and declarations were received in 2015.

2014

2015

12,2388,499

1,212

11,8808,281

1,602

Men

Women

GENDER RATIO, FINNISH NATIONALITY GRANTED

51 %49 %

Persons granted Finnish citizen-ship

Citizenship dec-laration

Citizenship application


252524

CITIZENSHIP APPLICATIONS BY NATIONALITY, TOP 5 GROUPS IN 2015

CITIZENSHIP DECLARATIONS BY NATIONALITY, TOP 5 GROUPS IN 2015

PERSONS WHO WERE GRANTED FINNISH CITIZENSHIP (BY APPLICATION AND DECLARATION), TOP 5 GROUPS BY FORMER NATIONALITY IN 2015

■ Russian Federation

■ Somalia

■ Iraq

■ Estonia

■ Afghanistan

Russian Federation

2,312

Somalia

1,316Iraq

988 508 448

Afghanistan Estonia

Sweden

311

Russian Federation United States Australia Estonia

46 44 4356

1,738

951

554

431

231

27

Iraq 9,684Somalia 1,408Afghanistan 1,139Russian Federation 295Iran 207Syria 197Nigeria 92Stateless 76China 74Kosovo 70TOP 10 total 13,242Total 14,286

Iraq 1 712Somalia 354Afghanistan 141Syria 59Iran 33Eritrea 25Kosovo 10Russian Federation 9Nigeria 8Turkey 5TOP 10 total 2,356Total 2,435

Persons found to reside in the country illegally

Irregular migration

PERSONS FOUND TO RESIDE IN THECOUNTRY ILLEGALLY

In the immigration glossary produced by the EMN network, the EMN Glossary, the Finnish translation of ”irregular migration” means ”im-migration against the regulations”. Among the Finnish authorities, a more common term ”illegal entry”. The Police compiles statistics of persons found to reside in Finland illegally. The statistics concerning persons found to reside in Finland illegally is based on cases which the Police has recorded under the investigation category ’asy-lum investigation’ or ’violation of the Aliens Act’. The asylum investigation covers cases in which the person has been found within the country and he/ she does not have a travel document entitling to residence and is not an EU citizen. In 2015, the number of persons found to reside in Finland illegally was 14,286 (2014: 2,933). The increased is explained by the increase in the number of asylum seekers. The Top 10 na-tionalities show correlation with the nationalitiesof asylum seekers.

2014 2,933

2014 385

2015 14,286

2015 2,435

TOP 10 NATIONALITIES FOUND TO RESIDE IN FINLAND ILLEGALLY IN 2015

PERSONS BROUGHT TO FINLANDILLEGALLY

The definition of persons brought to Finland il-legally correspond to the EU level definition of”smuggled persons”. The compilation of statis-tics on persons brought to Finland illegally is based on cases which the police has recorded under investigation category asylum investi-gation’ or ’violation of the Aliens Act’. The sta-tistics include cases in which investigation has shown that the person does not have a travel document entitling them to reside in the coun-try and they have been brought to the coun-try illegally.

Persons brought to Finland illegally

PERSONS BROUGHT TO FINLAND ILLEGALLY TOP 10 2015

Source: Police

Removal decisions and prohibitions of entry

REFUSAL OF ENTRY DECISIONS

Refusal of entry decisions may be made direct-ly at the external border (returning) when the person does not meet the entry requirements or within the country on the grounds stipulated in the Aliens Act. The Police and border control authorities may decide on refusal of entry within three months of the alien’s entry into the coun-try. After that period, the Police or border con-trol authorities must submit a proposal to the Finnish Immigration Service to the effect that the alien be refused entry or deported.

REFUSAL OF ENTRY DECISIONS AND REFUSAL OF ENTRY

2015

5,751

698

1,075

7,524

28

2014

3,370

713

1,571

5 654

■ The Finnish Immigration Service■ Police■ Finnish Border Guard■ Total

Source: The Finnish Immigration Service, Police, The Finnish Border Guard

29

DEPORTATION CASES AND DECISIONS IN 2014–2015

500

400

300

200

100

02015

DEPORTATION CASES AND DECISIONS

When a foreign national has or has had a resi-dence permit (the right of residence of an EU citi-zen has been registered / the EU citizen’s family member has a residence card), and a decision is made to remove him/her from the country, he/ she is subject to deportation. In 2015, a total of 380 deportation cases were opened in Finland. Of the proposed persons, 279 persons were deport-

PROHIBITIONS OF ENTRY

The Finnish Immigration Service, Police andFinnish Border Guard issue a prohibition of en-try on a person usually in connection with deci-sions on refusal of entry and deportation. Thecases may include circumvention of the rules ofentry or involvement in crime (among others,drug and property crimes).

ed.The most common grounds for deportation in 2015 were that a new temporary residence per-mit could not be issued for the person or the pre-vious permit had been revoked. The reason for not issuing a permit or for revoking it was, for example, circumvention of the rules on entry or insufficient subsistence. Criminal grounds were the reason in 33% of the deportation cases.

DECISIONS ON DEPORTATION CASESTOP 10 NATIONALITIES 2015

No deporta-tion Deportation Total

Iraq 16 35 51Estonia 14 19 33Venäjän federaatio 6 25 31

Turkey 6 23 29Gambia 19 19Kosovo 4 14 18Iran 9 7 16Afghanistan 7 8 15Nigeria 2 12 14Somalia 6 4 10Top-10 total 70 166 236

Total all 112 279 391

PROHIBITIONS OF ENTRY IN 2014–2015

2014 (total 2,545)

3 000

2 500

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0

2014

2015 (total 2,870)

■ Cases ■ Deportation ■ No deportation


■ Prohibition of entry related to a refusal of entry decision ■ Prohibition of entry related to a deportation decision

Source: The Finnish Immigration Service, Police, The Finnish Border Guard

30

Enforcement of removal from the country

In 2015, the Police removed a total of 3,174 persons from the country (in 2014, a total of 2,794). Among them, a total of 678 were re-moved escorted. The numbers are expected to rise in 2016, as the examination of theasylum applications registered in the autumn of 2015 is progressing.

ENFORCEMENT OF REMOVAL FROM COUNTRY DECISIONS

Persons removed by the Police, total

20153,174

Iraq 537Albania 478Estonia 428Russian Federation 254The Ukraine 139Romania 103Kosovo 92Gambia 75Somalia 66Nigeria 61Top 10 countries total 2,233Total 3,174

Estonia 588Albania 462Iraq 368Russian Federation 268Italy 175Sweden 114Kosovo 95The Ukraine 94Romania 92Spain 90Top 10 countries total 2,346Total 3,174

PERSONS REMOVED FROM THE COUNTRY, TOP 10 NATIONALITIES 2015

PERSONS REMOVED FROM THE COUNTRY, TOP 10 DESTINATION COUNTRIES 2015

2014 2,802

Source: Police

31

Assisted voluntary return

From July 2015, assisted voluntary return is the duty of the Finnish Immigration Service and the reception facilities as mandated by leg-islation. Previously, assisted voluntary return was carried out in EU-financed projects by the International Organisation for Migration, IOM. IOM continues as the service provider who ar-ranges the returns. The number of returnees increased rapidly in the autumn of 2015 as many Iraqis withdrew their asylum applications in order to return home.

ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

020142015

RETURNS BY TOP 10 COUNTRY/REGION IN 2015

Iraq 250Albania 147The Ukraine 51Kosovo 40Russian Federation 31Serbia 28United States 5Nigeria 5Afghanistan 5Lebanon 5Top 10 countries total 567Total 634

Assisted voluntary return is now a part of the duties of the Finnish Immigration Service and the reception facilities.

■ Applications■ Returns

Source: The Finnish Immigration Service and the International Organization for Migration IOM (the Helsinki office)

Online statistics

Finnish Immigration Service | http://www.migri.fi/tietoa_virastosta/tilastot • Residence permit statistics• Asylum and refugee statistics• Nationality statistics• Deportation statistics• Reception statistics

European Migration Network | http://www.emn.fi/tilastoja • Time series and trend statistics on residence permits and asylum seekers

Statistics Finland | http://www.stat.fi/til/vrm.html • Changes in population, information by language, citizenship and origin

Eurostat | http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/population/data/database • Population, migration and asylum statistics from EU Member States

key figures on immigration - cdn1.utbudet.com · the map indicates the top 10 countries to...

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