PRESENTATION ON ESSENTIAL NEW

BORN CARE

SUBMITTED BYKAVITHA KALESAN. M

4TH YEAR BSC NSG

UCME, THEVARA

Immediate basic care of new born at birth

includes maintenance of temperature,

establishment of open airway, initiation of

breathing and maintenance of circulation.

IMMEDIATE CARE OF NEW BORN AT BIRTH

Deliver baby on a warm and clean towel.

Establish and maintain a patent airway.

Ensure warmth.

Assessment and documentation of baby’s condition.

Care of eyes.

Clamp and cut the cord.

Care of skin.

BASIC CARE PROVIDED AT BIRTH

Administration of vitamin k.

Identification of baby.

transfer of baby according to the level of care

required.

Contd………………………………

Baby should be placed on a tray covered with

clean dry linen with head slightly downwards.

Tray should be placed between the legs of the

mother and it should be at the lower level than

uterus.

1. DELIVER BABY ON A WARM AND CLEAN TOWEL

The mouth and the nose are suctioned to clear

airway of mucus and amniotic fluid.

If not cried, gentle tactile stimulation is

provided.

If the child does not cry even after stimulation,

CPR should be given.

2. ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN PATENT AIRWAY

To prevent heat lose from the baby following

measures should be taken:

The delivery room should be warm, with

temperature of 25 – 28 degree Celsius.

Dry the infant thoroughly soon after birth using

warm towel.

Place the baby under radiant warmer or by KMC.

3. ESURE WARMTH

IMMEDIATE ASSESSMENT.

HEAD TO FOOT ASSESSMENT.

4. ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION OF INFANT CONDITION

IMMEDIATE ASSESSMENT:-a. Apgar scoring:-

Contd…………………………………….

PARAMETER 0 1 2

Heart rate Absent < 100 100

Respiration Absent Irregular, slow

Good, strong cry

Muscle tone Flaccid Some flexion of extremities

Well flexed

Reflex response

NIL Grimace Cry,Sneeze

Skin colour Blue, pale Body pink,extremit

y blue

Completely pink

b. Recording of birth weight

c. Umbilical cord is examined for presence of two

umbilical arteries and one vein.

d. Orifice counting and checking there patency:-

1. Mouth is checked for cleft palate and lip.

2. Ear and nose.

3. Anus is checked for imperforation or

malformation.

Contd……………………………….

4. Urethra is checked for hypospadiasis or

epispadiasis.

5. Any visible lesion on back or front.

HEAD TO FOOT ASSESSMENT:-

Contd………………………..

SKIN:-

The skin colour assessed for pallor, jaundice and

cyanosis.

Check skin turgor for dehydration.

HEAD:-

Check for widely spaced sutures and bulging

fontanelle, depressed fontanelle.

Contd………………………..

Skull is examined for cephalohematoma and

caput succedaneum.

FACE:-

Check for asymmetry or malformation.

EYES:-

Assess for position and symmetry. The distance

between two inner canthus should be 2cm.

Contd………………….

EARS:-

Check for malformed or low set ears. Startle

reflex on hearing loud noise indicate audibility.

NOSE:-

Examine for its shape and nasal bridge. Nasal

flarring indicate respiratory distress.

Contd……………………………………..

MOUTH:-

Observe for cleft lip and palate, oral mucosa for

white plaque.

NECK AND CHEST:-

ABDOMEN:-

Palpate for masses, check for distension ,umbilical

or inguinal hernia and auscultate for bowel sound.

Contd……………………………….

FEET AND HANDS:-

The transverse palmar crease suggest down

syndrome. Observe number of digit and webbing

between the digit.

GENETALIA:-

In full term neonates, the labia majora and clitoris is

visible on separating labia. In male neonate, scrotum

is large, darkly pigmented & testis are descended.

Contd……………………………………

Eye should cleaned as soon as head is

delivered using sterile cotton dipped in sterile

water. Clean from inner canthus to outer canthus.

Thereafter medicated eye drops should instilled.

5. CARE OF EYES

The cord is clamped by two Kocher's

forceps, near one is placed 5cm away from

umbilicus and is cut in between. Leaving behind a

length of cord attached to naval.

6. CARE OF CORD

The newborn skin is delicate, so it should be

gently wiped off blood, mucous and secretions.

The practice of giving bath to baby at the time of

birth increase the risk of hypothermia.

7. CARE OF SKIN

A single IM dose of .5 – 1mg of vitamin K is given

to all newborn with in 6 hours of birth.

8. ADMINISTRATION OF VITAMIN K

Before the baby is transferred from labour room,

an identification band is placed to baby’s wrist or

leg, specifying name of mother , registration

number, date and time of birth and baby’s sex.

9. IDENTIFICATION OF BABY

All normal babies are transferred to mother and

nursed along with her in post-natal area.

Sick or risk babies are transferred to NICU.

10.TRANSFER