Page143KAKATIYA DEVELOPMENT AREA MASTER PLAN-2031 Creating vast planned development opportunitiesKAKATIYA (WARANGAL)DEVELOPMENT AREA DRAFT MASTER PLAN REPORTPrepared under Section 6 of the Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975Kakatiya Urban Development Authority, WarangalAugust,2013PART - I EXISTING ANALYSISCHAPTER - 1INTRODUCTION Declaration of the Kakatiya (Warangal) Development Area:The Kakatiya Development Area (Warangal), (KDA), was notified by the Government as Development Area under the aegis of the Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development Act,1975, vide G O Ms No. 1177 M.A. dated 6-11- 1981 (Refer Annexure I). The Kakatiya Urban Development Authority (KUDA) was constituted by Government vide G O Ms. No. 1982 for the planning, development and management of the Kakatiya (Warangal) Development Area as per the provisions of the said AP Urban Areas (Development) Act, 1975 (Refer Annexure II). The Kakatiya (Warangal) Development Area lies between 17046' and 18013' North latitude and 78013' and 79047' East longitude. It is bounded in the North by Karimnagar District, in the West by Medak District, in the South by Nalgonda District and in the East by Khammam District.Composition of the Kakatiya (Warangal) Development Area:The Kakatiya Development Area admeasures 1,805 sq. km., which includes Warangal Municipal Corporation (WMC) with an area of about 80 sq km and 13 Mandals consisting of 171 Revenue Villages covered in the district of Warangal (major portion with 144 revenue villages) and Karimnagar district (minor portion with 27 Revenue Villages). Table No.1 Details of KUDA Development AreaSl. No.Name of the Mandal*No. of Villages in the development areaPopultion 2001Area in Sq. km.Warangal District1Hasanparthy1874,749156.372Athmakur1646,684169.983Geesugonda1766,876158.614Sangam1647,133159.295Wardhannapet520,31261.756Hanamkonda191,20,320138.507Zafargadh821,71470.118Ghanpur2376,360281.959Dharmasagar1969,043259.7810Warangal (Municipal Corp. Area)--5,30,63080.25Karimnagar District11Bheemadevarapally519,37158.7712Elkathurthy1339,657111.8313Kamalapur936,51587.81168**11,69,3641,805 sq km*All villages of a Mandal are not part of the Kaktiya development Area**Total number of villages is 168 instead of 171 villages because of amalgamation of some Villages/ Out-growths in to Warangal Municipal Corporation 1.3 Morphology of Warangal Municipal Corporation (WMC) AreaWarangal Municipal Corporation (WMC) is a tri-city comprising of the areas of Kazipet , Hanamkonda and Warangal. While Kazipet is the railway center with the location of the locomotive sheds, Hanamkonda is the central part of the tri-city with predominantly educational institutions and the new residential and commercial areas developing around it. Warangal is the oldest of the three, with predominantly wholesale business and commerce activities and the historic Warangal fort in its midst. The current trend is that Hanamkonda, the central part is emerging as a premier destination of specialized medical, health and multi-specialty hospital services along with modern shopping malls and complexes for the vast hinterland with concentration of these around the new city and suburban bus station. The limits of Warangal Municipal Corporation encompass this tri-city and presently admeasures about 80 sq km. This tri-city is linear in structure and lies on either side of the major transport corridor by way of the Hyderabad National Highway (NH-202) forming the central spine and is connected by roads and railways to all parts of the country. Due to its proximity to Hyderabad (134 km), the area is important especially around the NH -202 corridor in its south western part. The city is the headquarters of the Warangal district and is the oldest Municipal Corporation in the Telangana region. The city is well known for its educational and institutional facilities. It is also one of the biggest centers of trade in rice and cotton in the region.1.4 Non-Municipal area of KUDA areaThe area covered by the non-municipal area of Kakatiya (Warangal) Development Area is basically rural in character and dependent on agriculture and allied activities. However, as growth trends show, many of the Revenue villages surrounding the Warangal Municipal Corporation are showing signs of rapid development in view of the private land availability. Besides this, a number of skilled craftsmen are involved in handicrafts and metal works in the villages in this region. The present trend is location of numerous engineering college campuses like KITS, Vagdevi Group of institutions, SR Engineering College, etc.outside the WMC area especially along the Karimnagar State Highway. Brief Historical BackgroundThe origin of Warangal dates back to the Buddhist and the pre- Buddhist periods of Indian history. In 8th Century A.D., Warangal (or Orukal) then served as the main centre of activities of the Yadava king, Tuluva in the Telangana region. From middle of the 12th Century for almost two hundred years, this area was ruled by the Kakatiyas making Warangal as their capital city. The three stages of significant historical developments in this region are:1.Kakatiya Period (1260 - 1422 A.D.)The Kakatiyas ruled over a small territory near the area which is the present existing Warangal City. The administration of the kingdom was organized with emphasis on military, safety and protection. There were ramparts or burj towards the outer limits of the kingdom like Hasanparthi, Prembarthi, Kondaparthi, Kaniparthi, etc. On the other hand, the Kakatiya dynasty expressed itself best through promotion of religious art and culture and architecture like the Thousand Pillared Temple at Hanamkonda, the large Shiv Temple complex at Innole (V), etc.2.Mughal Transition Period (1422 - 1725 A.D.) The disastrous fall of the Kakatiya kingdom at the hands of the Muslims during the 14th Century brought in the Muslim era of rulership to this region. An independent Muslim kingdom under the Bahamani dynasty was established in South India by Allah-ud-din Hasan Gangu by revolting and separating from the Delhi Sultanate. Similarly in the neighbouring Hyderabad, the Qutb Shahi dynasty became a separate kingdom until the conquest and annexation by the Mughals under Aurangzeb. Warangal and its surroundings too came under the Mughal rule in this period, with a governor overseeing the affairs of this region called Deccan.3.Asif Jahi (Nizam) Period (1725 - 1948 A.D.) In 1722, the Governor of Deccan, Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asif Jah, declared independence from the separating from the Mughal empire, and this dynasty ruled till 1748.This was followed by a long line of Nizams and buying peace with the British Empire by way of numerous treaties, till India became independent in 1947, whereupon and subsequently, this region became part of the newly constituted Andhra Pradesh State. Brief review of the Warangal City Revised Master Plan - 1971-91A Master Plan for Warangal Town was first prepared and notified in 26-10-1949. This Plan was revised in 1961.Subsequently, the Master Plan was again revised by the Director of Town Planning, Government of Andhra Pradesh in 1971 for the period of 1971-1991, covering an area of about 20732.78 acres (84 sqkm.) of land for a projected population of 4,21,200 in 1991. The said Revised Master Plan was approved and notified by the Government vide G O Ms No. 910, M.A. 25-11-1971. (Refer Annexure III).The major development activities suggested in the said Revised Master Plan included large scale land acquisition and taking up of development schemes, housing schemes, slum clearance schemes, industrial area development, industrial housing, augmentation of public utilities and community facilities for the new areas, and various circulation network proposals to tackle the traffic problems. One of the major proposals was formation of a Bypass road (bypass to the Hyderabad -Warangal Highway) on north of Warangal and allied facilities.This Revised Master Plan could be implemented only to a limited extent mainly in terms of the basic circulation network in the Warangal Municipal Corporation area, while the proposals outside the Warangal Municipal Corporation limits by way of taking up various development schemes, intended large scale land acquisition for various projects and schemes, development of new industrial areas and land developments proposed have largely been remained unimplemented. On the other hand, and in the meantime, organic residential developments especially in the north and east have taken place rendering the Master Plan land uses and circulation ineffective.1.7 Requirement of preparation of Master Plan for entire Kakatiya Development Area:(i) Viewing the statutory reality of the Kakatiya (Warangal Development Area , the above shortcomings in ensuring planned development, there is every need for preparation and enforcement of Master Plan keeping in view the above City Revised Master Plan, the developments that have come up on ground despite the Master Plan, the ground realities, and the changing scenario.(ii) Section 6 of the AP Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975 mandates the KUDA to undertake preparation of the Master Plan for the Kakatiya Development Area, viz. The Authority shall as soon as may be, carry out a civic survey and prepare a Master Plan for the development area concerned.The Master Plan shall (a)define the various zones into which the development area may be divided for the purposes of development and indicate the manner in which the land in each zone is proposed to be used (either after carrying out development thereon or otherwise) and the stages by which any such development shall be carried out; and (b)serve as a basic pattern of framework within which the zonal development plans of the various zones may be prepared. (iii) A Master Plan is thus a long-term perspective plan for guiding the growth and development of the prime city and its hinterland delineated as Kakatiya Development Area by the Government. It envisages and elaborates along with narrations, maps/ plans, a broad concept of development. The Master plan lays down allocation of land between various competing uses keeping in view the space requirements in future. (iv) Thus, this Master Plan is an important framework and pre-requisite for promoting and ensuring balanced and sustained growth of the prime city of Warangal and its urban spread (which includes the proposed Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation Area), keeping in view the growth trends and form and structure of the prime city.(v) The earlier Warangal City Revised Master Plan lays the foundation for this present Master Plan covering Warangal and its urban spread.This Master Plan is with plan period upto 2031 and is for the total Kakatiya Development Area (KUDA area) of 1805 sq. km and is prepared as required under the said Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975 and as per the instructions of the Government and advise of DTCP. (Refer Annexure-IV)CHAPTER - 2DEMOGRAPHY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRENDS2.0 Scope of this Master Plan:This Master Pan undertaken as per the above-mentioned section 6 of the Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975 , is a basic plan that gives a framework for all future development. Therefore, this Master Plan consists of:A broad land development mapPrimary and Secondary Circulation networkDevelopment Promotion Stipulationsbased on which, further detailing by way of 1implementation strategies,2Zonal Development Plans,3specific projects housing strategy, tourism development, central area/ special area development, etc4open space development and environmental conservation, R & R,5industrial promotion and development,6augmentation and extension of physical infrastructure facilities like water supply, drainage and sewerage, electricity and communications is required under the said Act to be undertaken by the various functional agencies and service providers. Hence these aspects are not detailed out in this Master Plan. For further detailing out of the same, 18 Planning Zones have been delineated accordingly, and suggested in the Master Plan in Section 3.10. and separate Zonal development Plans are separately required to be undertaken by KUDA as mandated under Section 7 of the A P Urban Areas (Development ) Act,1975.2.1 Population Growth:Warangal CityThe total population of Warangal city was 5.3 lakhs in 2001 which increased to 6.3 lakhs in 2011, registering a decadal growth of about 19 %. The growth rate of the city is thus average.The existing average population density in Warangal city is highest in the Warangal old city core and Hanamkonda with about 263 persons per Ha, while rest of the city is below 110 persons per ha.The average literacy rate of Warangal City is about 73.7 percent and the average sex ratio is 968 females per thousand males, which is comparable with other 2-tier cities of the State, and indicates a steady urbanization trend in this region. The population share of Warangal City is about 48.42 % of the total population of the Kakatiya Development area. This shows that the immediate villages surrounding Warangal are growing at a modest rate. Urban Spread (Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation area):In view of the above modest growth trends of the surroundings, the Warangal Municipal Corporation has undertaken a detailed study for delineation of the urban spread area of Warangal based on development trends, for the purposes of extending the limits of the present Municipal Corporation limits (which is under active consideration of the Government). It covers an area of about 513 sq km including the present Corporation limits of about 80 sq km. It is larger than the Census urban agglomeration area of about 200 sq km. The population of this urban spread as per 2001 Census was 7,33,278 while it was 8,75,242 as per 2011 Census, registering a decadal growth of 19.36 %. The share of urban spread is about 67.30 % of the total population of the Kakatiya Development area.TABLE No. 2: SHOWING LIST OF VILLAGES IN URBAN SPREAD INCLUDING GREATER WARANGAL MUNICIPAL CORPORATION LIMITS*Sl. No.Name of the Village2001 Population2011 Population Area in sq.km.Hanamkonda Mandal1Paidepally7516823427.272Arepalli339965425.223Enumamula89581312615.974Nakkalapalli8539302.745Thimmapur Haveli634675088.676Mamnur6854636110.037Allipur145613252.188Bhattupalli198521046.019Kottapalli Haveli200312204.1310Kadipikonda753786804.6611Tharalapalli271932335.4412Madikonda127731924242.313Tekulagudem75814606.514Kummarigudem129524925.0115Ayodhyapuram116722462.0116Pavelipura237546375.7917Gopalpuram598569431.718Gundlasingaram265047003.119Kothapet170118873.01Geesukonda Mandal20Moglicherla5244572310.0321Gorrekunta89551317514.4122Kanupaka13811412-23Pothurajupalli1423104819.1224Dharmaram606760967.1725Vasanthapur127118974.2726Sthambampalli219328350.727Dupagunta114012956.01Hasanparthy Mandal28Devannapet407640086.7729Bheemaram78701352012.0130Komatipalli425943218.0131Chintagattu3383435612.4432Munipalli9551065-33Yellapur248526687.3834Hasanparthy120131884311.2335Mucherla2891369513.9436Vangapahad7635581611.2937Pegadapalli754056568.99Dharmasagar Mandal38Unikicherla2772450211.0139Rampur4653527116.65Sangem Mandal40Bollikunta4591696512.4541Gadepalli169120326.99Wardhannapet Mandal42Singaram230840408.12Hanamkonda Mandal43Kondaparthy4448577525.1644Narsimhulagudem1065113445Mulkalagudem1723212346Vanamala Kanaparthy183728436.8347Seethampeta (hamlet of Hasanparthy)2513411211.2448Kadipikonda1277386804.6649Ammavaripet7824128.1850Pavelipura237540615.79Sub-Total2,02,6422,62,197432.59Warangal Municipal Corporation5,30,6366,13,04580.33T O T A L URBAN SPREAD7,33,2788,75,242512.92* Although 43 Villages have been notified under Greater Warangal Municipal corporation limits by the Government, in this Master Plan additional 7 Revenue villages which are contiguous have been included as urban spread of Warangal. Of the villages covered in the urban spread, 15 villages around Warangal city limits have registered an appreciable growth and increase in population, notable among these were Madikonda, Thimmapur, Dupagunta, Gorrekunta, Enumamula, Paidipally, Pegadapally, Hasanparthy, Bheemeram and Unikicherla, while rest of the villages do not presently exhibit such growth or population increase but are contiguous to the present Municipal Corporation limits. 2.3. Population of total Kakatiya Development Area:The total population of Kakatiya Development area was 10.8 lakhs as per 2001Census and about 13 lakhs as per 2011 census. The changes in the urban and rural population for Kakatiya Development area over the last 2 decades are as follows:Table No. 3 : Urban and Rural Population in KUDAUrbanRuralNo.s%No.s%1.19813,35,01544.034,25,78855.972.19914,61,12348.714,85,46951.293.20015,30,62749.135,49,44450.87420116,13,04547.156.87 lakhs52.85Source: Census of IndiaIn the Kakatiya Development Area, the population increased to about 13 lakhs in 2011. In absolute terms, the urban population is around 47% and not increasing substantially, while the rural population is stable around 53 % in the Kakatiya Development Area . The overall literacy rate is about 57.11% while the average sex ratio in Kakatiya Development Area is 974 females to 1000 males. 2.4. Population ProjectionThe population projected for the entire KUDA Development Area has been worked out, on the basis of Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Census population data of 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2011. TABLE No. 4 : Population Projection for KUDAYearPopulation19817,60,80319919,46,592200110,80,0801981-20011.771991-20011.33200711,99,806201213,09,655201714,29,562202215,60,446202717,03,3142031Approx. 24 lakhsSource: Estimated based on Census data - 1981, 1991 ,2001and 2011Past experience shows that population projections for a larger span of time gives better results. The projected population is estimated to be about 22 lakhs for the Kakatiya Development Area for the plan period upto 2031 with CAGR of 1.77 percent. 2.5 Population distribution in Kakatiya Development Area:Keeping in view the share of the population in the Kakatiya development Area, the following is assumed as distribution of population for the plan period upto 2031:TABLE No. 5: POPULATION ESTIMATE FOR MASTER PLAN-2031Sl No.ComponentPercentage share of populationPopulation for 2031 in lakhs1Warangal Municipal Corporation45%10.8 lakhs2Urban Spread (50 surrounding villages)**35%8.4 lakhs3Rest of Kakatiya Development Area *20 %4.8 lakhs4Total10024 lakhs* Rest of development Area and includes: (a) The 7 Mandal Head quarter villages population estimate is 3 lakhs for 2031(b) Rest of villages population estimate is 1.8 lakhs for 2031.**The population of the proposed Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation is estimated to be around 19.2 lakhs by 2031.It is estimated that Warangal Urban Spread area if sustained and allowed to be developed with this master Plan provisions and strategy in view, would become a mega city and grow to be 50 lakhs (5 million) by the year 2051.2.6Employment estimates for 2031The total employment in Kakatiya Development Area for the plan period of 2031 is estimated to be 10.74 lakhs , keeping in view the work force participation ratio trend of 53.70%.The trend of employment in the Kakatiya Development Area is as follows:TABLE No. 7: EMPLOYMENT ESTIMATES FOR MASTER PLAN 2031Employment SectorPrimarySecondaryTertiaryTotal Assumptions for 20316.4 lakhs1.07 lakh3.21 lakhs10.74 lakhs2.7 Existing land use:(A) Existing land use in Warangal Municipal Corporation Area:As stated above, the urban spread of Warangal and the Kakatiya Development Area, is by and large rural in character and the uninhabited lands in the entire KDA area is very large. Barren land occupies the maximum of 28.10%, followed by agriculture land, 24.02 %, fallow land, 16.12% and scrub, 18.94% (both dense and open). Water bodies comprising of tanks/ ponds, rivers, canals etc. is 5.32% (96.02 sq km). Forest land, mostly under reserved forests and hills occupies 0.87% (15.72 sq km). Land under residential use is only 5.95% (107.40 sq km). All together, developed land use is around 35% (630 sq km).Table No.8 : Existing Land use 2012 in the Warangal Municipal Corporation AreaExisting Land Use Warangal City:Sl No.Land useExtent (in Ha.)Percentage1Residential288635.922Commercial2242.793Industrial460.574Public & Semi-Public 7929.865Circulation/Roads7228.986Vacant/Agriculture/Open Spaces/Parks283135.247Water Bodies5526.87TOTAL8033100(Source: Based on survey and field inspections undertaken by KUDA and Warangal Municipal Corporation staff)(B) KUDA Development Area Existing land Use AnalysisOn basis of the Base Map of the Kakatiya Development Area, reconnaissance survey and interpretation from the latest Google Satellite Imagery, the broad land utilization plan was worked out for the areas outside the Warangal municipal Corporation limits for 2012. The same is given in the Table below:Table No. 9 : Existing Land utilization in outside Municipal area of Kakatiya Development Area in 2012Land UseExtent (in Ha.)%age1Agriculture/Vacant/Forests, etc.1,59,25992.112Water Bodies, nalas, canals90495.233Settlements & hamlets37072.144Others8730.521,72,888100(Source: Based on inputs from WMC and KUDA and Google Satellite Imagery,2012) The existing land use analysis infer that Warangal has of late been growing along the three main corridors of Hyderabad Highway, Karimnagar Highway and Khammam Highway respectively while the rest of the areas and interior areas are by and large vacant/predominantly agriculture in character comprising of more than 92% of the Kakatiya Development Area. PART - II MASTER PLAN PROPOSALSCHAPTER -3MASTER PLAN PROPOSALS3.1 VISION FOR WARNAGAL CITY & KAKATIYA DEVELOPMENT AREA:3.1.1 This Master Plan envisages Warangal City and the urban spread to maintain marked increase in growth and continue to be the second largest urban agglomeration after Hyderabad, that would be chanellised in the Warangal urban spread and the 7 growth centers (Mandal Headquarters ); 3.1.2 These would be promoted and developed in a planned manner and the urban agglomeration would mature in terms of new urban activities that would facilitate employment in services and manufacturing sectors. By the end of the Plan period more than 50,000 employment in manufacturing and 1,50,000 employment in services sector is expected.3.1.3 To make the above happen, the Master Plan has besides opening up the new areas of the urban spread for major new residential activities has proposed the following major employment generating activities:Striving to develop the Wagon Workshop at Kazipet;Striving to set up similar anchor manufacturing units around Warangal that would have multiplier effect on the economy of Warangal and surroundings; Expansion of the Enumamula Agriculture market with accessory support activities like Truck Terminal, etc;(d) New industrial area proposals at Rampur,Madikonda,Geesugonda and along the Narsampet Highway;(e ) New Logistics Hub at Hasanparthi under PPP;(f) Promoting agro-based industries like seeds processing units, cold storage units, godowns, food-processing units, granite polishing units, etc in Agriculture Zone;(g) Promoting self-contained educational and institutional campuses in all zones (Except Open space & Heritage zone);(h) Promoting self-contained townships in all zones (Except Open space & Heritage zone);(i) Encouraging Corridor type planned development along major roads of Warangal and urban spread as Multiple Use Zone and promoting transit-oriented development along these corridors which would be developed as mass transit corridors and dictate the future mobility of the population.(j) Encouraging redevelopment and urban renewal in the existing historic settlement areas of Warangal and Hanamkonda, preserving the traditional occupational structure, wholesale trade and commerce, etc.(h) Development of the Airport at Warangal;(i) Development of Kazipet and Warangal Railway Stations as major commuter hubs;(j) Taking up development of the 7 Growth Centers (Mandal Headquarters) on priority and by promoting various economic and development activities3.2 FUTURE GROWTH DIRECTIONS:1st priority growth Direction: (Very strong) In the West along the Warangal-Hyderabad National Highway from Hanamkonda junction till the limits of Kakatiya Development Area encouraging Multiple Use and manufacturing activities especially expansion of Madikonda and Rampur areas ;2nd priority growth direction: (Strong) in the east along the National Highway upto Atmakur-encouraging Multiple Use and new proposed Truck Terminal at Kothapet and support storage and agriculture/food product activities;3rd priority growth direction: (Moderate) Along the Karimnagar Highway upto Elkathurthi Mandal headquarters-mostly encouraging educational and institutional developments4th priority growth direction (Weak) Along the Khammam Highway upto KUDA limits encouraging townships and Truck terminal and transportation related activities.3.3 Viewing the above trend of developments, the existing structure of Warangal City and surroundings, the existing land use and circulation network that have developed mostly organically, and the necessity for ensuring the above envisaged planned development, this Master Plan only outlines the basic development strategy based on the following:(a)Warangal city and surrounding areas by way of urban spread would be a compact urban agglomeration, with the Hyderabad National Highway central to the urban spread and continue to be acting as the central spine of major and higher order developments of the Development Area;(b)The remaining areas of Kakatiya Development Area would continue to exhibit rural character and be predominantly have agricultural activities.(c)Warangal agglomeration in particular and the KUDA Area in general are in proximity of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Region, and thus the impact of Hyderabad and its surroundings would continue to influence the developments and growth direction of KUDA Area. In the regional context, Warangal and KUDA Area can be termed and developed as a counter-magnet to Hyderabad Metropolitan Region given the proximity and the strong transportation linkages between the two. The Committee on decongestion of Hyderabad constituted vide G O Ms No.270 M.A. dated 7-3-1994 and headed by the Chief Secretary to Government had suggested for planned dispersal of population and decentralization of economic activities in the surrounding district towns like Warangal, Mehboobnagar, Nizamabad, Zaheerabad, Karimnagar, etc. The Master Plan takes into account this regional location and has factored the same by way of making provisions for encouraging new residential activities and some of the emerging employment potentialities by way of Information Technology enabled Services (ITES) towards both sides i.e., the north and south of the National Highway No.163 in the KUDA Master Plan ; (d)This is an all-out pro-development plan, keeping the vast development potential of Warangal and its urban spread in view. Hence, instead of proposing a rigid and mono-characteristic land uses, and plot specific /site specific land use and zoning, a broad range and spectrum of development uses and activities are proposed in not only in the urban spread but also in the Agriculture Zone albeit, in a scaled down manner.(e)This Master Plan proposes a strong and definite structure by way of a grid type circulation network which would be to not only ensure hierarchy of development activities and ensure smooth and efficient movement but also serve the other infrastructure network for water supply, drainage, sewerage, electricity and communications.(f)The first order development proposals are confined to the main Warangal city and its urban spread comprising of the 50 adjoining villages as given in the Table No.2. (f) Activities in rest of the Development Area:Apart from the main and predominant agriculture and allied activities, certain support activities are allowed in this Agriculture Use Zone the details of which are given in the Section on Development Promotion Stipulations.3.4 Master Plan Strategy:Viewing- the trend of developments, the existing structure of Warangal City and its surroundings, the existing land use and circulation network that have developed mostly organically, the decision to delimit the present Municipal Corporation into Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation encompassing a large area of about 512 sq km., and the necessity for ensuring planned development, this Master Plan outlines a basic development strategy, based on the above trends and Vision for the Kakatiya Development Area in general and Warangal urban spread in particular.Warangal city and surrounding areas by way of urban spread covering the proposed Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation, would be a compact urban agglomeration, with the Hyderabad National Highway central to the urban spread and continue to be acting as the central spine of major and higher order developments of the Development Area;The remaining areas of Kakatiya Development Area would continue to exhibit rural character and be predominantly having agricultural activities. This is an all-out pro-development plan, keeping the vast development potential of Warangal and its urban spread in view. Hence, instead of proposing a rigid and mono-characteristic land uses, and plot specific /site specific land use and zoning, a broad range and spectrum of development uses and activities are proposed in not only in the urban spread but also in the Agriculture Zone albeit, in a scaled down manner. Making proper utilization of the Government Lands located within KUDA Area:Out of the total available government lands, about 5000 acres located in conducive and strategic locations are identified and proposed to be utilized for development of- (a) area-level parks and playgrounds, b) lake-front development and environment conservation, (c ) Special Projects and Land bank repository in KUDA, sites for public utilities and facilities andfor important Work centers and future industrialization. This task of facilitation and planned development through Projectisation of the above, is to be undertaken by the Master Plan Steering Committee, headed by the Collector, Warangal.3.4.3 Activities in rest of the Development Area:Apart from the main and predominant agriculture and allied activities, certain support activities that are important to the development of the Kakatiya Development Area are allowed in this Agriculture Use Zone the details of which are given in the Section on Development Promotion Stipulations.3.5 Overall Circulation Pattern:This Master Plan proposes a strong and definite structure by way of a grid type circulation network which would be to not only ensure hierarchy of development activities and ensure smooth and efficient movement but also serve the other public utilities and infrastructure network for water supply, drainage, sewerage, electricity and communications.The first order development proposals are confined to the main Warangal city and its urban spread covering the Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation and as given in the Table No. 2. 3.5.1 Keeping in view the Circulation pattern suggested in the Master Plan of 1971, the existing road pattern, the trend of developments and the propensity for future growth and direction of growth, the Circulation pattern in this Master Plan 2031 has been suggested, basically in grid pattern format that can be go on being extended further in the Kakatiya Development area in future.Apart from the above, there is a National Highway Bypass alignment being undertaken by the Roads and Buildings Department towards the North of Warangal City which takes off from the National Highway No. 163 (Warangal-Hyderabad Highway) from Rampur (V) on the west and passes through Dharamsagaram (V), Devanna Peta (V),Chinta gattu(V),Vangapadu(V) and joins the said National Highway of Mulugu stretch at Arepalle (V).3.5.2 The structure of Warangal urban spread has become radial concentric with Hanamkonda as the nucleus of development and the following highways and main roads radiating out, viz. 1Warangal Karimnagar State Highway; 2Warangal-Hasanparthi Main road; 3National Highway to Mulugu; 4Warangal-Narsampet Highway;5Warangal-Khammam Highway; 6 Warangal-Zaffergadh Main Road respectively. This is contained through the Master Plan Northern Ring Road and eastern Ring road passing through before Madikonda, and along Somidi, Bhimavaram, Pavelupula, Paidipally, Desaipet, Gorrekunta, eastern side of Warangal Fort, and then meeting the Khammam highway near Rangashaipet within the WMC limits.Keeping the above structure in view, the Circulation pattern is integrated by continuing the same and extending towards the south and west of Warangal in this Master Plan 2031. The Circulation network consists of a well-defined grid of Primary Roads, Secondary Roads arterial roads, and Ring roads/ Bypass roads. The following are the Primary proposed network:3.5.3 Primary Circulation Network:The Primary Circulation network comprises of all existing highways, the proposed ring roads, loop roads, grid roads that define the various sectors and other major roads. These are 30 meters and above in width. These form the basis for the future mass transit system by way of a light rail system which is recommended in this Master Plan . These are as follows:TABLE No. 9 PRIMARY ROADS IN MASTER PLAN-2031Sl. No.Indication on MapDescription of the road alignmentRight-of way (in metres)1P-1Warangal Central Loop Road 36 m2P-2Hanamkonda Loop Road36 m3P-3Warangal Loop Road36 m4P-4Inner Ring Road45 m5P-5Inner Bypass Road45 m6P-6National Highway Bypass 60 m7P-7Kazipet-Hanamkonda-Warangal existing main Highway Road45 m8P-8Hanamkonda- Karimnagar Highway36 m9P-9Warangal Railway Parallel Road36 m10P-10NH Mulugu stretch highway60 m10P-11Warangal-Narsampet Highway36 m11P-12Hanamkonda-Zafergadh Main Road36 m12P-13NH Hyderabad- Kazipet stretch60 m13P-14Kazipet- Bhattupalli- Rangashaipet Road36 m14P-15Kazipet- Warangal south railway road36 m15P-16Hanamkonda-Hasanparthi Road36 m16And the various new sector roads and link roads to and from the Mandal Headquarters36 m3.5.4 The Secondary Network The secondary circulation network basically comprises of link roads and new roads linking the various above-mentioned Primary roads. These are numerous within the Warangal City limits and equally distributed in the non-municipal urban spread area. The Right-of-way of these Secondary roads ranges from 30 meters to 18 meters.3.5.5 Existing Villages roadsThe existing village roads especially in the rest of the KUDA Area would continue to be serving as the network between the villages, the Mandal Headquarters and Warangal as well as the villages. These are forming part of the secondary network and are minimum 18 meters in width.3.5.6 Sub-arterial and feeder roads network:These roads network form an important component of circulation within the localities and colonies. These are basically at layout level and the range varies from 18 metres to 6 meters. These are not indicated in the Master Plan, but have a bearing on allowing the level of development activities in the areas which are more specifically given in the development promotion regulations and the revised common building rules, 2012.3.6 Mass Transit System for Warangal:3.6.1 MRTS for Warangal:This Master Plan advocates the development and operation of suitable mass rapid transit system (MRTS) for Warangal. All the primary roads designated in the Master Plan would be the mass transit corridors. However, to begin with the Primary roads covered within the Warangal Municipal Corporation limits would be required to be taken up for the route planning, etc. Since rail based mass transit system would be capital-intensive, in the first instance, a Bus Rapid Transit System (with exclusive bus lanes) may be planned and designed with APSRTC being responsible for the design, operations and maintenance. In the second phase, the mass transit system should switch over to a combination of BRTS and Light Rail Transit System along the Primary and secondary circulation system identified in the Master Plan, with the active cooperation of the State and Central Governments. 3.6.2 MRTS proposal between Hyderabad and Warangal:Keeping in view the proximity of the Kakatiya Development area to the Hyderabad Metropolitan region, it is but natural that the pull factor of Hyderabad would be markedly increasing in times to come. The number of daily commuters is ever increasing. Viewing this trend, this Master Plan advocates the development of an exclusive and dedicated Mass Transit System either adjoining to the existing BG Railway line through the South Central railway or alternatively, between Hyderabad and Warangal along the National Highway No 202 under the provisions of the Andhra Pradesh Tramway Act,2008, with a 18 meters Right of way up till Ghanpur and from there the alignment follows adjacent to the existing Railway line towards the east and south of the railway line at Warangal to terminate beyond Warangal at Dharmaram. This proposal needs to be examined by the State Government since it involves Hyderabad metropolitan region and Warangal Development area and also the need for integrating the intra-city movement between these two largest urban agglomerations in the region.3.7 Other transportation proposals:The other traffic and transport proposals would flow out of the above basic circulation network and structure, viz.,A Truck Terminal has been proposed at Arepalli(V) which would be useful to cater to the North-bound traffic as well as the Enumamaula Agriculture market nearby. A second truck terminal has been proposed at Thimmapur (V) along the junction of the Ring Road and the Radial Road from Battupalli in the south. This would cater to the traffic coming and going to the South towards Khammam and beyond. A freight container and logistics hub at Hasanparthi next to the hasanparthi railway station in the north, since this has regional impact. Further, new and other transportation facilities that are likely to come up in future would be encouraged in the Master plan. These traffic and transportation proposals shall be part of the Master Plan implementation and therefore are allowed as a policy in all development use zones in the zoning regulations. 3.8 Proposed Broad land use for Kakatiya Development Area: TABLE No. 10 : BROAD LAND USE MASTER PLAN 2031Sl No.Land use categoryExtent in HaPercentageUrban Spread (including proposed Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation Area)1General Development Promotion Zone31,106.3568.92%2.Multiple Use Zone6025.3813.35%3.Public & Semi-Public Zone1624.823.60%4.Work Center/Manufacturing Zone2631.315.83%5.Central Heritage & Open Space Zone735.681.63%6.Circulation network*3010.436.67%Sub Total45,134.00100%Percentage of Urban Spread to total Kakatiya Development areaRest of Kakatiya Development Area6.Agriculture Zone (including vacant lands, water bodies, forest lands, etc.)101375.5074.89%7.Multiple Use Zone 8744.646.48%8.Heritage & Open Space Zone4913.783.63%9.Circulation network*11573.808.55%7.Settlements & Hamlets5414.644.00%Sub-Total1,35,366TOTAL for entire Kakatiya Development Area1,80,500100* taking into only Master Plan roads (and excluding area under railway network, and remaining colony and internal roads)3.9Need for development of Basic Industries development for Warangal:Excepting for the Railway Diesel Loco Shed at Kazipet, at present, there are no basic industries in Warangal. Being the third largest agglomeration in the State, certain basic industrial activities, which are anchor industries, are required for Warangal to increase the industrial base. This would give rise to other support and ancillary including tertiary sector activities besides generating large scale employment opportunities. Since these involve political decisions and capital investments by the Government/public agencies, these are not predictable. Hence no specific areas for these have been earmarked specifically in the Master Plan. It would be the endeavour of the State Government and Central Government and the main departments like APIDC, APIIC, APSFC, Infrastructure Authority, and the Information Technology Department to bring in and promote such anchor and basic industrial activities and major jobs creating activities in the Kakatiya Development Area . Hence, instead, enabling provisions for facilitating and siting these in the Kakatiya Development Area have been incorporated in the development regulations.3.10Development of a Freight Container and Logistics Hub at Hasanparthi:Warangal is strategically located vis--vis the railway network of the country. It is truly a gateway to south India. Before Kazipet and Warangal junctions two main railway lines branch out one towards Hyderabad and the second straight towards Vijayawada. One of the strategic locations suggested is around Hasanparthi Station. The proposed National Highway bypass alignment passes through south of Hasanparthi. Hence it would be appropriate that a freight container cum logistics hub be developed at Hasanparthi over an extent of about 300 acres by the active participation of the South Central Railway, the Container Corporation of India and the private land owners under PPP mode. This would be a major economic base for Warangal.In the next railway station at Uppal (border of KDA limits) there is already a private freight storage facility. The above proposal would give a fillip to the agriculture produce and mineral wealth of the area.3.11 Generation of public open spaces, and sites for amenities and utilities:As the urban agglomeration increases the demand for public open spaces , siting and development of amenities and public utility areas become crucial for ensuring the quality of life. Since these are demand driven, no specific sites or plots, unlike in the past plans (where specific sites mostly in private lands have been marked and not implemented ), have been indicated. It is the responsibility of both the Warangal Municipal Corporation and KUDA to generate these facilities and areas by way of land assemblage permissions, and siting and developing these in Government lands as indicated in Annexure . Hence Land Pooling Schemes should be encouraged by these two premier public agencies (KUDA and WMC) in a big way, and the procedure should be development-friendly through licensed developers, so that apart from Government lands, sizeable chunks of plots for the above are generated by way of land pooling scheme approvals. 3.12 Out of the total available government lands, about 5000 acres located in conducive and strategic locations are identified and proposed to be utilized for development of- (a) area-level parks and playgrounds, b) lake-front development and environment conservation, (c ) Special Projects and Land bank repository in KUDA, sites for public utilities and facilities andfor important Work centers and future industrialization. This task of facilitation and planned development through Projectisation of the above, is to be undertaken by the Master Plan Steering Committee, headed by the Collector, Warangal.Table 11. Proposed development of identified Government lands in KUDA AreaSl No.Category of development ProjectTotal number of locations/sites/Sy Nos. availableExtent in Acres1Parks, Playgrounds, Lake front Development & Conservation5230362Public Utilities & facilities1212723Special Projects & KUDA/WMC Land Bank16316614Development of new Work Centers by APIIC117475Total3485716 Section 26 of the AP Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975 stipulates that all vacant Government lands should be placed at the disposal of the Urban Development Authority and the first and basic responsibility of the Urban Development Authority shall be to facilitate organized public open spaces and public utilities sites. Then only the lands for other Master Plan functions should be utilized. In the absence of the above, earmarking sites specifically for open spaces and public utilities in private lands becomes a futile exercise. Hence no specific areas excepting the heritage and open spaces zones that are environmentally critical for their protection and preservation, have been indicated in the Master Plan. These have to be generated as stated above by the two premier development agencies at the time of land development permissions and in those existing areas out of available public lands. In this regard, in the Kakatiya Development Area there are good number of vacant Government lands which can be utilized and developed for the above purpose. An inventory of such Government lands has been undertaken and their utilization indicated and enclosed at Annexure III . The Master Plan Steering Committee is required to create a Land bank with these identified Government lands and undertake their development of public amenities and facilities besides creation of new work centers and new integrated townships specifically indicated through KUDA,WMC and APIIC. KUDA should be the repository of the land bank.3.12 Division of Development Area into Planning Zones:(i) As required under the Act, and for the purpose of detailed planning and implementation, the urban spread area mentioned above is divided into 18 Planning Zones (5 Planning zones within the existing Warangal Municipal Coprporation area and 6 Planning zones in the rest of the urban spread area and 7 zones for the Mandal Headquarters areas) keeping the physical characteristics and development trends in view for which detailed Zonal Development Plans are required to be undertaken keeping in view the overall framework of the Master Plan in view. These Zonal Development Plans are required to be undertaken under the aegis of Section 7 of the A P Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975 and are basically meant to be action plans, plans for development of the various areas (area development plans) and implementation plans and not just detailing out specific land uses.(ii) It may be noted that the rest of the Kakatiya Development Area, excepting for the Mandal Headquarters, is not categorized into planning zones since this is primarily an agriculture tract wherein basically agriculture and allied activities are expected to be predominant.The following are the proposed 18 Planning zones for the Kakatiya Development Area:TABLE No.11: PLANNING ZONES IN KAKATIYA DEVELOPMENT AREASl No.Name of the Planning ZoneBounded by/ and Description of areas covered Extent in sq. km.Erstwhile Warangal Municipal Corporation Area1Warangal Fort Planning ZoneMain Railway line in north; Warangal Municipal limits in east, south and west2Warangal Planning ZoneMain Railway line in south ;Battalabazar road on west; Warangal Municipal limits on north and east3Hanamakonda Planning ZoneWaddepalli road on west; Hanamkonda Main road on south; Warangal Municipal boundary on east4Kazipet Planning ZoneNIT Campus boundary on east; Warangal Municipal boundary on west and south; and Waddepalli road on east5Central Area Heritage Planning ZoneBattalabazar road on east; Hanamkonda main road on north; Main Railway line on south and NIT Campus boundary on eastUrban Spread Area6Hasanparthi Planning ZoneVillages of Hasanparthi; Yellapur; Chintagattu; Devannapet,Unikicharla and Bheemavaram7Vangapahad Planning ZoneVillages of Mucherla, Pavelpura, Pegadipally, Paidipally, Vangapahad,and Arepalli .8Gorrekunta Planning ZoneVillages of Kottapet, Moghicherla, Enumamula, Gorrekunta,Potharajupalli and Dharmaram9Mamnoor Planning ZoneVillages of Dubakunta, Nakkalapalli, Mamanur, Vasanthapur,Singaram,Bollikunta and Gaddepalli10Battupally Planning ZoneVillages of Timmapur, Rangashaipet, Battupally, Alipur,Ammavaripet,Kondaparthi, and Kothapalli11Madikonda Planning ZoneVillages of Madikonda, Tararpalli, Rampur and KadipikondaMandal Headquarters located in development Area12Atmakur Planning ZoneVillage of Atmakur13Geesugonda Planning ZoneVillage of Geesugonda14Sangam Planning ZoneVillage of Sangam15Ghanpur Planning ZoneVillage of Ghanpur16Dharamsagar Planning ZoneVillage of Dharamsagar17Yelkaturthi Planning ZoneVillage of Yelkaturthi18Kamalapur Planning ZoneVillage of Kamalapur The preparation of Zonal Development Plans (ZDPs) for these 18 Planning Zones are required to be taken up by KUDA at the earliest, keeping this overall Master Plan structure and proposals in view. The ZDPs would essentially be area development plans with emphasis on action-oriented implementation strategies.PART IIIMASTER PLAN DEVELOPMENTPROMOTION STIPULATIONS4. PROPOSED MASTER PLAN ZONING AND DEVELOPMENT PROMOTION STIPULATIONS(i)The main purpose of the Master Plan Development Promotion Stipulations, which are integral part of the Master Plan-2031, is to ensure that all development activities are undertaken under the aegis of the Master Plan and to guide the same in accordance with planning norms and standards.(ii) The Proposals allow individual development activities on the basis of people-activities-places philosophy- the Master Plan is development friendly with safeguards/ conditionalities of allowing certain higher order activities so that these are neither in conflict or contradictory to the zoning of development regulations nor contradict town planning norms and principles.(iii) The land development and development promotion stipulations should have development-friendly regulations consisting of: zoning stipulations based on functional criteria; the land development stipulations encompassing all types of land development; and lastly but not the least the building promotion activities and stipulations (customizing the latest Andhra Pradesh Common Building Rules,2012 in respect of Kakatiya Development Area (Warangal), so that all these are one single consolidated manual which is part of the Master Plan.(iv) The land use categorization is therefore not a rigid one but one that allows compatible uses and those activities that require higher level of planning inputs, site and locational requirements and scrutiny and these are grouped under permissible by the Competent Authority under Appeal Clause. The land development in the Kakatiya Development Area in this Master Plan 2031 is categorized as follows:1General Development Promotion Zone (GDPZ)2Multiple Use Zone (MUZ)3Public & Semi-Public Use Zone (PSPUZ)4Heritage and Open Space Zone (HOSZ)5Agriculture Zone (AZ)4.1 The above-mentioned land development categorization are as follows: (i) There is a definite distinction between allowing activities and uses in the Warangal Urban Spread area and rest of the Kakatiya Development Area which is generally categorized as Agriculture Zone. While in the urban spread area (which covers Warangal Municipal Corporation area and 50 surrounding villages) allows primarily residential colonies and attendant support activities, the agriculture zone is primarily the rural tract wherein agriculture and allied activities are predominant and retained. However, this does not mean that other activities are not allowed in this agriculture tract. While preserving the good and fertile cultivable lands, agricultural support activities like agro-based units, storage godowns, brick kilns, self supporting educational and other institutions as a conscious policy are also allowed in non-fertile lands/dry lands. The basic idea is to allow limited and self-contained sparse developments, keeping the rural character in view. (ii) Thus, in the urban spread area, under General Development Promotion Zone, although this is meant for all types of residential activities and buildings, the accessory uses and activities like local shops, institutions like schools, medical centers, etc are also allowed. These are further governed by locational and site requirements as given in the Revised Common Building Rules issued by the Government. Likewise, under Multiple Use zone excepting for obnoxious and hazardous industrial and similar activities, all types of residential, commercial, institutional, educational and general and service industries are permissible.(iii) As stated earlier, departing from the conventional Master Plans, the land use and zoning of activities in this Master Plan are neither site specific nor plot specific. Instead, these have been made area specific, so as to give a certain freedom and flexibility on one hand and without compromising the general planning principles in view. 4.2 The Master Plan Development Promotion Stipulations are as follows:General:In these Stipulations, unless the context otherwise requires, the definition given under, shall have the meaning indicated against each term.Words and expressions not defined in these regulations shall have the same meaning or sense as in the Andhra Pradesh Urban Areas (Development) Act,1975 the Andhra Pradesh Municipal Corporations Act,1994 and the Andhra Pradesh Municipalities Act, 1965Definitions:Accessory Building: A building separate from the main building on a plot and containing one or more rooms for necessary use such as servants Quarter, Garage, Store rooms or such areas as may be classified by the Competent Authority.(b) Accessory Use: Any use of the premises subordinate to the principal use.(c ) Clean Industries: Industries which do not throw out any smoke, noise, offensive odour or harmful industrial waste and employing not more than (10) workers and with or without power and those not included in the list of polluting industries issued by concerned authorities.Competent Authority: means the Authority to implement the provisions of these regulations. It shall mean the Commissioner, Warangal Municipal Corporation for areas covered in Warangal Municipal Corporation limits, and the Vice-Chairman, KUDA in respect of the areas falling outside the Warangal Municipal Corporation limits and rest of KUDA area. They shall independently deal with those cases covered under Appeal to the Authority, all building approvals, all land development permissions as given in these regulations.Customary Home Occupation: Occupation conducted only by persons residing in the dwelling, the area for such use not exceeding 25% of the total floor area of the dwelling and without any public display of goods.Detached Building: A building whose walls and rooms are independent of any other building with open spaces on all sides as specified Dwelling : A building or a portion thereof which is designed or used wholly or principally for residential purposes. This shall not include boarding or Lodge houses, tents, tourist camps, hotels or other structures designed or used primarily for transient residentsDwelling unit: Independent housing unit, with separate facilities for living, cooking and sanitary requirements.Group Development Scheme: means development of a group of non-residential blocks in a site and for permitting these as per conditionalities as detailed out in these regulations.Occupancy or use Group: The Principal Occupancy for which a building or a part of a building is used or intended to be used, for the purposes of classification of a building according to the occupancy. Any occupancy shall be deemed to include subsidiary occupancies which are contingent upon it. Buildings with mixed occupancies are those buildings in which more than one occupancy is present in different portions of the building.Assembly Buildings: These shall include any building or part of building where groups of people congregate or gather for amusement, recreation, social, religious, patriotic, civil, travel and similar purposes, for example theatre, motion picture houses, assembly halls, city halls, town halls, auditoria, exhibition halls, museums, marriage halls, Gymnasium, restaurants, places of worship, dance halls, club rooms, passenger stations and terminals of air/surface and other public transportation services, recreation places and stadia.Business Buildings: These shall include any building or part of a building which is used for transaction of business for the keeping of accounts and records for similar purposes; doctors service facilities like Nursing Homes Clinics and Diagnostic centres but do not include Hospitals or other Medical Institutions of higher order functions, court houses, record and reference libraries shall be classified in this group in so far as principal function of these is transaction of public business and the keeping of books and records.Educational Buildings: Educational Buildings means any building used for school, college or day-care purposes for more than 8 hours per week involving assembly for instruction, education, or recreation incidental to educational buildings.Hazardous buildings: Any building or part of the building which is used for the storage, handling, manufacture or processing of high combustible or explosive materials or products which poisonous fumes, or explosions for storage, handling, manufacturing or processing which involve highly corrosive toxic or noxious alkalis, acids or other liquids or chemicals producing flame, fumes explosive, mixtures of dust or which result in the division of matter into fine particles subject to spontaneous, ignition.Industrial Buildings: Industrial Buildings means and includes any building or part of a building or structure, in which products or materials of all kinds and properties are fabricated assembled or processed like assembly plants, laboratories, power plants, smoke houses, refineries, gas plants, mills, dairies, factories etcInstitutional Buildings: These shall include any building or part there of which is used for the purposes such as medical or other treatment, or care of persons suffering from physical or mental illness, disease or infirmity, care of infants, convalescents or aged persons and for penal or correctional detention in which the liberty of the inmates is restricted. Institutional buildings ordinarily provide sleeping accommodation for the occupants. It includes hospitals, Sanitoria, custodial institutions and penal institutions like jails, prisons, mental hospitals and reformatories. However these shall not include Nursing Homes, Clinics, Diagnostics centresMercantile building: Building or part of building, which is used as shops, stores, market, for display and sale of merchandise either whole sale or retail, office, storage and service facilities incidental to the sale of merchandise and located the same building shall be included under the roof. Office Buildings: The premises whose sole or principal use is to be used as an office or for office purpose. Office purposes includes the purpose of administration, clerical work, handling money, telephone and telegraph operating and operating computers and clerical work includes writing, book keeping, sorting papers, typing, filing, duplicating, punching cards or tapes, machine calculating, drawing of matter for publication and the editorial preparation of matter for publication.Residential Buildings: These shall include any building in which sleeping accommodation is provided for normal residential purposes with or without cooking or dining or both facilities. It includes one or two or multi-family dwellings, lodging houses, dormitories, apartment houses and flats and private garages.Storage Buildings: Any building or part of a building used Primarily for the storage or sheltering of goods, wares merchandise, like warehouses, cold storages, freight depots, transit sheds, store houses, public garages, hangers, truck terminals, grain elevators barns and stables.Wholesale establishments: establishments wholly or partly engaged in wholesale trade, manufacturers, wholesale outlets including related storage facilities, ware houses and establishments engaged in truck transport including truck transport booking agencies.Open Space: An area, forming an integral part of the site, left open to the sky.Parking Space: An area enclosed or unenclosed, covered or open sufficient in size to park vehicles together with a drive way connecting the parking space with a street or alley and permitting ingress and egress of the vehicles.Service Industry/Establishement: Industries/Establishments which are not engaged in the manufacture of goods or articles, but are mainly concerned with the repair, maintenance, servicing and/or/other jobbing work.Site or Plot: A parcel piece of land enclosed by definite boundaries.Convenience Shopping: means premises used for a group of shops comprising of those dealing with day to day requirements of the population and as distinguished from wholesale and higher order shopping area or shopping complex. It includes any of the following:Food grain or ration shops, Kirana and general goods storesTobacconists and Pan shopsLaundry shopsTailors and Darning shopsGroceries, confectionaries, general provision storesDepartmental storesBakeries and Sweet ShopsHair dressing saloons and beauty parlors Cobblers and shoe shopsBicycle hire, spare parts and repair shopsVegetable and fruit shopsMilk and milk products shopsMedical and dental practitioners clinics and dispensariesPathological clinic/laboratories, diagnostic clinics Medical shops and PharmaciesFlorists and goldsmithsShops dealing with ladies ornaments. Fancy and gift items etcNewspapers, magazines stalls and circulating librariesWood, coal and fuel shopsBooks and stationery shopsCloth and garments shopsPlumbers, electricians, radio, TV and electronic equipment repair shopsVideo librariesPhotography, Xerox shopsSTD, ISD and local telephone boothsDesk Top Printing (DTP) shopsProfessional Services establishmentsProfessional officesRestaurants and eating housesBuilding materials, hardware and paints shopsTutorial classes, Computer education centersLP Gas Booking CenterAnd other uses/activities as notified from time to time by the Competent AuthorityIt does not mean or construe to include mulgies or row type shops or part of premises converted into a shop or shops. Such types of developments are discouraged in the Revised Master Plan for MCH area(ab) Community Amenities : spaces means the areas set apart in a layout for a shopping area, post office, bank, fair price shop, milk booth, school, dispensary, a nursing home, child care centre, library, community hall, kalyan mandapam, police station, local office of the Electricity board, water works, local body and such other amenity as specified by the competent authority.(ac) Public Utility Building / Premises : A premises of any public service undertaking or authority for storage, distribution, maintenance of office, public facility network, etc., and includes overhead / underground tank, pump house, sump, oxidation pond, septic tank, public toilets, electric sub-station, fire-station, telephone exchange, garbage collection point, etc.(ad) Public Facilities building / Premises : means a premises housing community, social and cultural facilities for public like police station, post office, telegraph office, library, auditorium, own hall, local community hall / kalyan mandapam, recreational club, Open Air Theater, Exhibition Center, religious building, grave yard, cremation ground, Crematorium, and includes other services like municipal ward office and their works like swimming pool, bal wadi, angan wadi, welfare center. etc.(ae) Public open spaces : means the areas set apart in a land pooling scheme or layout for parks and play grounds, duly developed and with a proper compound wall.(af) Service Industry/Service establishment : An industry concerned mainly with repair, maintenance, servicing and / or jobbing work with sale of operation not exceeding 20 HP and 20 Manpower, without detriment to the amenity of the area by reason of noise, vibration, smell, fumes, smoke, soot, ash, dust, etc. The list of industries in this category shall be as per the Government orders/AP Pollution Control Board guidelines in this regard.(ag) Tourism based facilities : means facilities accessory to tourism undertaken by public or private body and which the Tourism Department sponsors / registered. It may have boarding and incidental and accessory facilities of up to 10% of the plot area including residential facilities for essential staff.(ah) Storage, Godown and Warehousing : A premises for exclusive use of storage of goods and commodities in a manner as per the requirements of respective commodities. The premises includes the retailed loading and unloading facilities by Road Transport or Rail Transport as the case may be.(ai) Cold Storage : A premises where perishable commodities are stored in covered space using mechanical and electrical devices to maintain the required temperature etc. (aj) Gas Godown : A premises where cylinders of cooking gas or other gas are stored.(ak) Service Establishment : A premises essentially having repair shops for automobile, electrical appliances, building material etc. to provide essential services to neighbouring residential areas.(al) Park: A premises used for recreational leisure activities. It may have on it related landscaping, parking facilities, public toilet, fencing etc. It will include synonyms like lawn, open space, green etc.(am) Play Ground: A premises used for outdoor games. It may have on it landscaping, parking facilities, public toilet etc.(an) Bus Terminal: A premises used by public transport agency to park the buses for short duration to serve the population. It may include the related facilities for passengers.(ao)Bus Depot: A premises used by a public transport agency or any other such agency for parking, maintenance and repair of buses. This may or may not include a workshop.(ap) Hospital : A premises providing medical facilities of general or specialized nature for treatment of indoor and outdoor patients.(aq) Health Centre: A premises having facilities for treatment of indoor and outdoor patients having upto 30 beds. The health centre may be managed by a public or a charitable institution on non-commercial basis. It includes family welfare center.(ar) Nursing Home: A premises having medical facilities for indoor and outdoor patients having upto 30 beds. It shall be managed by a doctor or a group of doctors on commercial basis.(as) Dispensary : A premises having facilities for medical advice and provision of medicines managed by public or charitable institutions.(at) Clinic : A premises with facilities for treatment of outdoor patients by a doctor. In case of a polyclinic, it shall be managed by a group of doctors.(au) Clinical Laboratory : A premises with facilities for carrying out various tests for confirmation of symptoms of a disease.(av) Creche and Day Care Centre : A premises having nursery facilities for infants during day time. The centre may be managed by an individual or an institution on commercial or non-commercial basis.(ax) Nursery and Kindergarten School : A premises with facilities for training and playing for children preparatory to the school. (ay) Primary School : A premises having educational and playing facilities for students upto V standard.(az) Secondary School: A premises having educational and playing facilities for students from VI to X standard. It shall include existing cases of middle school which are upto VIII standard for the purpose of this code.(ba) College ; A premises with educational and playing facilities for students of under graduate & post graduate courses under a university. It includes all professional disciplines.(bb) Vocational Training Institute : A premises with training facilities for short-term courses for discipline, preparatory to the employment in certain profession and trade. It shall be run by public or charitable institution on non-commercial basis. It include training cum- work centre.(bc) Research and Development Centre : A premises providing facilities for research and development for any specific- field.(bd) Library : A premises having a large collection of books for reading and reference for general public or specific class.(be) Technical Training Centre : A premises with facilities for training in discipline of technical nature. It includes technical school and industrial training institute etc. (bf) Truck terminal/logistics Hub: means a centralized facility for the transport of goods by road and or/rail and includes storage areas/warehouses, offices and godowns of transport companies, easy loading and unloading facilities, large parking areas for idle trucks and other related facilities like banks, restaurants, dormitories for essential staff, dispensaries, motor spare part shops, petrol / HSD pumps, repair garages, workshops, etc.(bg) Museum : A premises with facilities for storage and exhibition of objects illustrating antiques, natural history, art etc.(bh) Exhibition Centre and Art Gallery : A premises with facilities for exhibition and display of paintings, photographs, sculptures, murals, ceramics, handicrafts or products of a specific class.(bi) Auditorium : A premises having an enclosed space to seat audience and stage for various performances like concerts, play, recitals, functions etc.(bj) Open Air Theatre : A premises having facilities for audience seating and a stage for performance and open to sky.(bk) Community Hall: A premises having an enclosed space for various school and cultural activities of neighbourhood of 15,000 population.(bl) Fair Ground : A premises having facilities for exhibition and display and other cultural activities for group of participants.(bm) Religious: A premises dedicate to accommodation and service of God or other objects or religious nature. It may have different nomenclature in different religion like temple(all faiths), mosque, church, gurudwara, syangoue, ashram, bathing ghat, gaushala.(bn) Orchard: A premises with a thick growth of fruit trees. It may also include garden with fruit trees.(bo) Plant Nursery: A premises with facilities for rearing and sale of young plants.(bp) Forest: A premises with thick natural flora, classified as Reserve Forest or Protected Forest by the Forest Department. It shall include city forest which may have part natural flora and part man made- flora.(bq) Dairy Farm: A premises with facilities for rearing and processing of dairy products. It may have temporary structure for sheds of animals and birds.(br) Poultry Farm: A premises with facilities for rearing and processing of dairy products. It may have temporary structure for sheds of birds.(bs) Mandal Headquarters: A premises having facilities for different functions for a certain number of villages it caters to, as per policy of the Government.(bt) Zonal Development Plan: a statutory plan that details out the proposals for the specific area and prepared under section 7 of the AP Urban Areas (development) Act,1975.(bu) Licenced developer means a developer who is licenced with Warangal Municipal Corporation or KUDA in accordance with these stipulations and the AP Revised building Rules,2012, and is allowed to undertake development in both these areas.(bv) interior of residential areas for the purpose of these stipulations means a site or plot that is one plot away or in the interior from the main peripheral roads of the colony or locality.4.3 The uses and activities permissible under normal course, those permissible under Appeal clause at the discretion of the Competent Authority and the activities that are prohibited in each of the land use category/Zone are given as follows:TABLE No. 12: MASTER PLAN 2031 ZONING & DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIESI. General Development Promotion Zone (GDPZ)Uses/activities allowed in normal courseUses/Activities allowed on appeal to AuthorityUses/activities prohibited(i)(ii)(iii)All types of residential buildings and residential developmentsCommercial complexes, shopping malls, cinema theaters and multiplexes which shall conform to requirements given in Note No. 3All other residential, commercial and industrial activities not mentioned in Col. (i) and (ii)General educational facilities like schools, junior colleges, tutorial institutionsProfessional colleges (engineering, pharmacy, medical, agricultural sciences, etc.) and polytechnics, medical institutions campusesDairy units, poultry shedsLocal retail shops, convenience shopping centers which shall conform to requirements given in Note No. 2HospitalsMining and quarryingService establishments ,motor vehicle repairing workshops /garagesKalyana Mandapams /Function halls which shall conform to requirements given in Note no. 4Doctors clinics, Nursing homes and health centers which shall conform to requirements given in Note no. 5Gas Godowns which shall conform to requirements given in Note No. 6Computer software units/Information Technology enabled services (ITES Units) which shall conform to the policy of the State GovernmentProfessional and entertainment clubs and liquor bars/RestaurantsCottage industrial units; Customary home occupation units/household unitsHotels which shall conform to requirements of Note No.7Showroom for sale and distribution of LP GasPrivate and public officesCommunity Centres, auditoriums, libraries/reading rooms/Internet cafesWarehouses and godownsGames roomsWholesale commercial activities and shopsGeneral restaurants and eating houses/ tiffin centersBus terminals truck terminals, logistic hubsAll public utilities centers and public facilities buildings which include post offices, police stations, Telegraph offices, e-seva centres, mobile phones service providers facilitiesSpecial Projects of KUDA or any public agency/Department; Tourism based activitiesLocal offices, professional offices of advocates/ doctors/architects, etc.Petrol/fuel filling and service stationsSEZs subject to conformity with SEZ stipulations as specified by GovernmentII. Public & Semi-Public Zone (PSPZ)Uses/activities allowed in normal courseUses/Activities allowed on appeal to AuthorityUses/activities prohibited(i)(ii)(iii)All types of officesPetrol/fuel filling and service stationsAll other residential, commercial and industrial activities not mentioned in Col. (i) and (ii)All types of Educational institutionsSelf-contained townships as per the policy guidelines of the GovernmentHealth Centre /Nursing Homes, Hospitals,Bus terminals, truck terminals, logistic hubsAll types of cultural, religious and social institutions and buildingsSEZs subject to conformity with SEZ stipulations as specified by GovernmentAll types of Transportation and communication facilitiesWholesale markets and godownsL P Gas godownsSpecial Projects of KUDA or any public agency/DepartmentPublic utilities buildings and public facilities buildingsTourism based activitiesComputer software units/Information Technology enabled services (ITES Units) which shall conform to the policy of the State GovernmentResidential activities incidental to above-mentioned main uses subject to requirements as given in Note No. 8III. Multiple Use Zone (MUZ)The existing areas of Warangal and Hanamkonda within the Warangal Municipal Corporation area have been delineated as Multiple Use Zone. Besides these, all Mandal Headquarter villages are designated as Multiple Use Zone in the Master Plan. Apart from these, upto a depth of 100 metres along all Primary Roads on either side has been designated as Multiple Use Zone. (i)The general minimum road width in new areas/ green field areas shall be 12 meters (40 ft.) while the minimum road width for the specific activity shall be as given in the A P Building Rules, 2012.(ii)The minimum plot size for allowing non-residential activities or mixed activities shall be as follows:(a)within Warangal Municipal Corporation Area: 500 sq m(b)In rest of Urban Spread Area and other areas where Multiple Use Zone is marked in the Plan: 1000 sq mThe above conditions at (i) and (ii) shall not be applicable for residential developments and residential building activity in the Multiple Use zone. Uses permissibleUses prohibited(i)(ii)All types of residential, commercial, institutional, educational uses and activitiesAll other types of industries; polluting and obnoxious activitiesIntegrated townshipsMining and QuarryingGeneral and non-polluting industrial units subject to conformity as given in Note 9. Poultry and dairy shedsITES units and SEZs subject to conformity with SEZ stipulations as specified by GovernmentTourism based activitiesIV. Heritage and Public Open Space Zone (HPOZ)The natural assets comprising of major hillocks /hill ranges, large water bodies and areas of outstanding natural beauty have been categorized in this zone with a view to preserve these for generations to come. These identified areas are:(a) The areas around the major water bodies and hillocks of Padmavathi gutta, Balasamudram, Badri Tank, as well as the Warangal Fort area located within the Warangal Municipal Corporation are designated under this zone.(b) Besides these, areas in the urban spread, the following areas falling in rest of the Development Area are earmarked under this category in order to preserve these areas, viz., 1Dharamsagar lake and its environs; 2Innole settlement and the temple complex area built during the Kakatiya period ;3Nagaram Cheruvu and surroundings;4The beautiful and imposing hill range falling under Muppawaram, Yerrapalli, Mutharam and Devenur villages.5The beautiful and imposing hill ranges falling under Tadikonda, Krishnajigudem and the huge solid hillock of Chilpur (V).(d)Activities permissible: (e)Only recreational, parks gardens, playgrounds, commercial use of transit nature like circus, exhibition grounds, melas, jatras, Theme Parks, tourism related developments, archaeological related activities are permissible. These shall be however, subjected to restrictions imposed under the archaeological laws as applicable.(ii) Tourism related activities shall be allowed with the specific approval of the competent authority. (iii) Excepting existing residential activities in existing settlements and village abadi areas, which are lawfully established, are allowed to continue. Any further expansion or densification or redevelopment in these areas shall be subject to specific permission from the competent authority. In this zone, normal residential use, educational institutions and commercial shops/Complexes shall be allowed only on appeal to the Competent Authority.(iv) A City level Civic Plaza is proposed in 10 acres of area within the central heritage zone (Badri tank and its environs) of Warangal city limits wherein city level civic centre activities like town hall/auditorium on the lines of Ravindra Bharati in Hyderabad; Art and Culture Museum; Science museum and Planetarium; Aquarium, etc are proposed to be developed;(v) Residential activities incidental to the above main use is allowed subject to the total ground coverage not exceeding 2% of site area.(vi) Mining and quarrying activities are totally prohibited in this Heritage and open space zone.(vii) Agriculture/cultivation would however, be allowed to be continued in the areas where private cultivation is existing, unless these are covered in specific schemes or projects covered in or for (i) and (ii) above.V. Work Center/Manufacturing Zone (WCMZ)Uses permissibleUses prohibited(i)(ii)All types of non-polluting general industries /flatted factories/ Eco-Industrial Parks;All types of non-polluting work related buildings and supporting activities,- Banks- Bus passenger terminals- Clinics and laboratories/ hospitals/dispensary/health/primary centers- All other uses notmentioned in Col (i)-All heavy, hazardousand polluting industriesComputer units/IT/ITES, Electronics industries- Guest housesL.P.Gas godowns- Office buildings- Open air theatre- Petrol/Diesel/Gas filling station- Police station- Post offices- Public facilities & utilitiesResearch and development centers- Restaurants/Cafeteria/Hotels- Retail shopping centers - Schools and other educational/ training activities with a green buffer of 9 Mtrs, if they abut any existing industry- Fuel and automobile Service stationsResidential activities incidental to main use subject to a maximum ground coverage of 10 % of site areaSewerage disposal works- Social and welfare centers- Telecommunication centers- Telephone exchange -Warehouses/storage godowns -Water supply installationsVI. Agriculture Zone (AZ):Categorised into three categories:Wet lands and fertile lands or wet lands as per Village revenue recordsDry lands or fallow lands or waste lands as per Village recordsOther lands other than (A) and (B) as per village Revenue records.These include water bodies,nalas,hillocka,forests, etc.While the usage of land shall be put to the specific use in respect of category (A) and (C ) and no other activity other than agriculture, farming or horticulture/floriculture shall be allowed.In respect of (B) category lands stated above, the following activities are permissible/prohibited.Uses/activities allowed in normal courseUses/Activities allowed on Appeal to AuthorityUses/activities prohibited(i)(ii)(iii)Agriculture, farmingPetrol/fuel filling and service stationsAll other residential, commercial and industrial activities not mentioned in Col. (i) and (ii)Floriculture, horticulture, forestryAgro-based industries ; Food processing units; roller flour mills; cotton ginning mills;seeds processing units; stone/ granite polishing unitsPisciculture, raising of nurseriesBrick kilns, cement bricks manufacturing unitsSewage disposal, solid waste disposal, and public utility facilitiesMilk chilling stations and pasteurisation plantsPoultry, livestock rearing and dairy farmingMining and quarrying, excepting in Dharamsagar and Bheemdevarpally Mandal villages covered in KDAStorage, processing and sale of farm produceSelf-contained Educational and institutional campusesWarehouses and godownsBio-technological unitsTransport and communication facilitiesExpansion and extension of village settlement by way of group housing scheme onlyDwellings and ancillary buildings for people engaged in the farm subject to a maximum height of 7 meters; minimum land extent of one acre and maximum ground coverage of 10%Self-contained townships as per the policy guidelines of the Government;Tourism based activitiesBus terminals; truck terminals, logistic hubsInformation Technology enabled services (ITES) units which shall conform to the policy guidelines of the State GovernmentSpecial Projects of KUDA or any public agency/DepartmentSEZs subject to conformity with SEZ stipulations as specified by GovernmentSelf-contained Basic industrial activity that are either in Public sector or in PPP/private sector approved by Government and with specific clearance from APPCB and necessary safeguards4.4 The site requirements and building requirements and stipulations for all above permissible uses (both in normal course and those under Appeal to the Competent Authority Clause) shall conform with the provisions of Andhra Pradesh Building Rules, 2012 and the specific locational and site requirements given hereunder.4.41 For all uses and activities that are permissible under Appeal Clause by the Competent Authority, fees equivalent to the Table on development charges issued by Government vide G O Ms No. 439 MA dated 13-6-2007, shall be leviable for both land and building, in addition to the normal fees and charges applicable.4.42 For all developments in respect of non-commercial activities that are above 3 floors or 10 meters height, and in respect of all commercial activities and developments, separate charges called Master Plan charges are leviable. The details of this are given in Section 4.11.4.43 For areas coming within the restricted zone and the Air Funnel zone of the Airfield/ Airport at Mamnoor, the provisions of the Airport height restrictions shall apply. Activities like solid waste dumps, butcheries, slaughter houses, and activities that generate pollution and attract birds shall not be allowed in the Airport restricted zone.4.5 : Apart from being permissible in the respective zone, the conditionalities and Specific and enabling provisions for allowing or disallowing developments in these Stipulations are as follows:(A) Water Bodies: (a) In water body no building construction is permitted(b) No building activity shall be allowed in the bed of waterbodies like river, or nala, and in the full Tank Level (FTL) of lake, pond,cheruvu or kunta / shikam lands.(c) The above water bodies and courses shall be maintained asrecreational/green buffer zone , and no building activity other thanrecreational use shall be carried out within:(i) 30 meters from the boundary of Lakes of area 10 Ha and above;(ii) 9 meters from the boundary of lakes of area less than 10 Ha /kuntas /shikam lands;(iii) 9 meters from the boundaries of Canal, Vagu, etc.(iv) 2 meters from the defined boundary of Nala, wherever notmentioned in the Master Plan.(d) The above shall be in addition to the mandatory setbacks. Unless andotherwise stated, the area and the Full Tank Level (FTL) of a lake /kunta shall be reckoned as measured or given in the Revenue /Irrigation Department records.(B) Allowing local shops and convenience shopping centers in General Development Zone:In existing areas, the minimum abutting road shall be 9 metres where these may be permitted. In other areas, the minimum abutting road shall be 12 meters. These shall not be allowed in predominant residential colonies interior areas and gated development schemes/projects excepting in specified sites as per approval given by KUDA in such Schemes/Projects. In a given site, the shops area shall be maximum 1/3rd area of the ground coverage or building coverage. In respect of convenience shopping centers, the minimum site area shall be 400 sq meters.(C ) Commercial Complexes, Multiplexes, Shopping Malls, Cinema Theaters:These shall comply with the stipulations and locational requirements as given in the Cinematography Act and Rules and Multiplex Rules. In respect of Shopping Complexes, the minimum site area shall be 400 sq meters, while for Shopping Mall it shall be minimum 1000 sq meters. These shall not be allowed in interior of residential colonies, and shall be allowed only along main roads of width 18 meters (60 ft.) and above. Necessary clearances and licenses from the respective authority as required shall be obtained before undertaking the development. Such building complexes shall be under the overall control and management of a single management body who shall be responsible for the public safety, fire safety requirements, maintenance and public convenience / amenities of the Complex.(D) Kalyana Mandapams/Function HallsThe minimum site for these shall be 500 sq meters in WMC area and 1000 sq meters in rest of KUDA area. These shall not be allowed in interior of residential colonies, and shall be allowed only along main roads of width 12 meters in respect of Kalyana Mandapams/Function Halls upto 500 sq m sites and 18 meters (60 ft.) and above in respect of Kalyana Mandapams/Function Halls on sites larger than 500 sq m. Necessary clearances and licenses from the respective authority as required shall be obtained before undertaking the development.(E) Nursing Homes and Hospitals:Nursing Homes shall be allowed only on roads 12 meters and above, while hospitals shall be allowed only along main roads of width 18 meters (60 ft.) and above. These shall not be allowed in interior of residential colonies. The minimum site area for nursing Home shall be 400 sq meters, while for hospital it shall be 1000 sq meters. Such buildings shall be under the overall control and management of a single management body who shall be responsible for the public safety, fire safety requirements, maintenance and public convenience / amenities of the Complex.(F) Gas Booking Center and Gas GodownsGas booking center shall be allowed on roads 12 meters and above. The locational criteria and safety requirements for Gas godowns shall be as given in the Petroleum and Explosives Rules. These shall not be allowed in interior of residential colonies. These shall be allowed only on main roads of minimum 18 meters (60 ft.) width. Necessary clearances and licenses from the respective authority as required shall be obtained before undertaking the development.(G) Hotels:These shall not be allowed in interior areas of residential colonies. These shall be allowed only on main roads of minimum 18 meters (60 ft.) width.(H) Residential activities incidental to main use:These shall be permitted only as part of group development and all group development stipulations shall be complied with. These shall not exceed 10% of the site area and necessary buffer by way of greenery or road or park strip shall be maintained between this and the main activity.(I) General and non-polluting industrial units: Shall conform to the permissible criteria of AP Pollution Control Board or obtain clearance from AP Pollution Control Board as the case may be. The minimum site area for locating in independent premises shall be 400 sq metres.The minimum site area for flatted factories shall be 500 sq meters.There is no specific restriction in the site area for service establishments and service industries. These can be part of the shopping centers/Complexes, but need to be segregated from other incompatible activities. (J) Certain features like Reserve Forests, water bodies, water courses, Military lands, etc. may not be specifically shown or indicated in the Master Plan map. This does not mean that these are not there or there is no restriction vis--vis these in the Master Plan. The developer has to obtain necessary clearances from the respective authority in case any of th