joachim claesson, m.sc. dept. of energy technology div. of applied thermodynamics and refrigeration...
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Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
Effektiva Plattvärmeväxlare som Effektiva Plattvärmeväxlare som Förångare i VärmepumparFörångare i Värmepumpar
--Vidare StudierVidare Studier
Joachim Claesson, Civ.Ing., DoktorandInst. Energiteknik
Avd. Tillämpad Termodynamik och KylteknikKTH
Stockholm
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
IntroduktionIntroduktion
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
IntroduktionIntroduktion
2·
W
L p
b
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
EnfaskarakteristikEnfaskarakteristikJämförelse med publicerade korrelationer
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
EnfaskarakteristikEnfaskarakteristik
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1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 1 000 000
Re
Nu
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f
Nu
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Kontinuerlig övergång mellan låga och höga Reynoldstal
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
TvåfaskarakteristikTvåfaskarakteristikHög ånghalt Låg ånghalt
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
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0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2
X [-]
f l [-]
G = 48 kg/(s·m²)G = 36 kg/(s·m²)G = 25 kg/(s·m²)G = 18 kg/(s·m²)Regr. Eqn.
l 0.6
13.611.64
Xf
tp2l
l
p L
p L
f
2 l
g
p LX
p L
TvåfaskarakteristikTvåfaskarakteristik
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
25.951.929 15.721 x 1372.74 x
0.2 x 0.72
2l02
0; x 01
1; x 11
f
g0 l0p p
l0 tp l0p pf
0
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00
Vapor quality, x [-]
[-
]TvåfaskarakteristikTvåfaskarakteristik
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
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Measured pf [mbar]
Pre
dic
ted
p
f [m
bar
]
L-M
'Norm'
TvåfaskarakteristikTvåfaskarakteristik
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
1 2
T
t2
t1
tb´´t in ,b
tout,b
t in ,ref r
tout,ref r
in,b out,bm,Dutto
b out,b in,b b
m,Evap m,Sup
t tt t t t
Tryckfallet i förångaren försummas!
FörångareFörångareTypisk temperaturprofil
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareBoiling visualization
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareVariera yteffekt och massflöde
-5°C, 20%
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0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000 7 000
q´´
re
fr CBE 1
CBE 2
CBE 3
CBE 4
CBE 5
CBE 6
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareVariera yteffekt och massflöde
-5°C, 30%
0
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0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000 7 000
q´´
re
fr CBE 1
CBE 2
CBE 3
CBE 4
CBE 5
CBE 6
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareVariera yteffekt och massflöde
-5°C, 40%
0
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0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000 7 000
q´´
re
fr
CBE 1
CBE 2
CBE 3
CBE 4
CBE 5
CBE 6
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareVariera massflöde och ingående ånghalt vid konstant yteffekt
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
2 100 W/m² 2 300 W/m² 2 500 W/m² 2 700 W/m²2 870 W/m² 3 100 W/m² 3 380 W/m² 3 700 W/m²4 000 W/m² 4 300 W/m² 4 600 W/m² 4 900 W/m²5 100 W/m² 5 350 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
2 100 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
2 300 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
2 500 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
2 700 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
2 870 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
3 100 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
3 380 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
3 700 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
4 000 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
0
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1 000
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
4 300 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
0
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
4 600 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
4 900 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
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5 100 W/m²
2.43 bar(a)
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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50xin [-]
HT
C [
W/m
²·K]
5 350 W/m²
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareVariera yteffekt och mass flöde
V80
0
10
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30
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Nuexp [-]
Nu p
red
[-]
2.00, 202.00, 302.00, 402.43, 202.43, 302.43, 402.93, 102.93, 202.93, 302.93, 403.50, 103.50, 20-20%+20%
5
432
C
g
lCClo.r
C1 CoReBoCNu
C1 0.059500536C2 -0.826456531C3 0.522957184C4 0.318879653C5 -0.312867951
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareMotströms och medströmskoppling
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0 2 4 6 8 10tbrine [°C]
re
fr [
W/m
²·K]
CBE A, CounterCBE A, CoCBE B, CounterCBE B, Co
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareInverkan av brineflödet
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16tbrine [°C]
R
,Dut
to [
kW
/m²·
K]
10kW 5kW
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångare
t2 = 2.5 °C
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0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000q´´ [W/m²]
re
fr [
W/m
²·K
]
5°C
10°C
15°C
Inverkan av brineflödet
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångare
t2 = 0.5°C
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28
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EB
T -
t 2,s
at
5°C
10°C
15°C
2,sat b,in outEBT t t t p
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångare
q´´
EB
T -
t 2,s
at
tsup
t3 = tsup
t1
t2
t4
brinesat ttEBT ,2
brinesat ttEBT ,2
“Optimal” brinetemperaturdifferens
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångare
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
0 2 4 6 8 10
LMTD [K]
F [
-]
3 K, 2 000 W/m²K
5 K, 2 000 W/m²K
10 K, 2 000 W/m²K
LMTD korrektionsfaktor
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareAreafördelning
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareFlödesdistribution
0. 0 0. 0
2. 0 2. 0
4. 0 4. 0
6. 0 6. 0
8. 0 8. 0
10. 0 10. 0
12. 0 12. 0
14. 0 14. 0
16. 0 16. 0
RG: 1 : 0 . 98 SC: NORM
(200.0)
(-10.0)
02/05/24
01:21:48
a21.2
0. 0 0. 0
2. 0 2. 0
4. 0 4. 0
6. 0 6. 0
8. 0 8. 0
10. 0 10. 0
12. 0 12. 0
14. 0 14. 0
16. 0 16. 0
RG: 1 : 0 . 98 SC: NORM
(200.0)
(-10.0)
02/05/24
14:54:35
a8.8
0. 0 0. 0
2. 0 2. 0
4. 0 4. 0
6. 0 6. 0
8. 0 8. 0
10. 0 10. 0
12. 0 12. 0
14. 0 14. 0
16. 0 16. 0
RG: 1 : 0 . 98 SC: NORM
(200.0)
(-10.0)
02/05/24
16:34:25
a18.2
0. 0 0. 0
2. 0 2. 0
4. 0 4. 0
6. 0 6. 0
8. 0 8. 0
10. 0 10. 0
12. 0 12. 0
14. 0 14. 0
16. 0 16. 0
RG: 1 : 0 . 98 SC: NORM
(200.0)
(-10.0)
02/05/24
17:33:28
a16.8
0. 0 0. 0
2. 0 2. 0
4. 0 4. 0
6. 0 6. 0
8. 0 8. 0
10. 0 10. 0
12. 0 12. 0
14. 0 14. 0
16. 0 16. 0
RG: 1 : 0 . 98 SC: NORM
(200.0)
(-10.0)
02/05/24
19:15:57
a18.4
tsup=2°C tsup= 4°C
tsup= 6°C tsup= 8°C tsup= 10°C
Compressor speed
50 Hz
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
FörångareFörångareFlödesdistribution
tsup=2°C tsup= 4°C
tsup= 6°C tsup= 8°C tsup= 10°C
Compressor speed
70 Hz
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
VärmepumpVärmepump35°C - 28°C Heating S ystem
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Treturn [°C]
hH
[-]
VariableSpeed
ConstantSpeedJ . Claesson, 2002
KTH
45°C - 35°C Heating S ystem
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Treturn [°C]
hH
[-]
VariableSpeed
ConstantSpeed
J . Claesson, 2002
KTH
55°C - 45°C Heating S ystem
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Treturn [°C]
hH
[-]
VariableSpeed
ConstantSpeed
J . Claesson, 2002
KTH
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
VärmepumpVärmepump35 °C - 28 °C He ating Syste m
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Treturn [°C]
CO
P1
Variable Speed
Constant SpeedJ . C l aesson, 2002
K T H
45 °C - 35 °C He ating Syste m
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Treturn [°C]
CO
P1
Variable Speed
Constant SpeedJ . C l aesson, 2002
K T H
55 °C - 45 °C He ating Syste m
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Treturn [°C]
CO
P1
Variable Speed
Constant SpeedJ . C l aesson, 2002
K T H
Joachim Claesson, M.Sc.Dept. of Energy TechnologyDiv. of Applied Thermodynamics and RefrigerationRoyal Institute of TechnologySweden
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