1. Building Information Modeling By Ali Kekhia 2. THE STORY - EVOLUTION OF CAD 2D solutions Electronic drafting board 3D solutions Modeling for purely visualization purposes BIM solutions Models with integrated architectural information Construction Coordination (5D) Timing/scheduling and Cost estimation 3. WORKING CONCEPT - 2D CAD Draft everything in 2D No 3D model is created Design changes maintained manually on every drawing Typically, each drawing is saved in its own file 4. EVALUATION - 2D CAD Benefits Compared to hand drafting Faster modifications Accuracy Smart drafting tools (fills, dimensions) Repetitive elements (blocks, xrefs) Compared to other CAD methods Easy to understand concept (electronic drafting) Relatively small files due to reduced data Quick (but less intelligent) solution for all building types Drawbacks Changes on one drawing dont influence other drawings Drawing coordination is essential No more content compared with hand drawing Collisions and other design problems are difficult to identify 5. WORKING CONCEPT 3D CAD The application has both 2D and 3D capabilities Buildings can be modeled in 3D if necessary 3D and 2D information can be included in a single file Drawings can be partially derived from the model No automatic documentation Application mostly works with 2D and 3D drawing tools instead of real architectural elements Additional content can be created including visualization and basic quantity take-offs Drawings 3D Model Manual or automatic update Project File 6. EVALUATION 3D CAD Benefits Compared to 2D CAD Easier checking of planning errors Managing changes is easier Visualization and calculation Compared to BIM Users may work purely in 2D if they wish Smaller file size Easier to model complex geometries Drawbacks (compared to BIM) Concept doesnt follow the architectural design process Documentation is not fully automatic No architectural content like in BIM applications Drawings 3D Model Manual or automatic update Project File 7. THE BIM CONCEPT Drawings, building views, visualizations, calculations and quantity take-offs are automatically derived from the 3D model. BIM= Building Information Modeling Also known as Virtual Building or Building Simulation 8. EVALUATION BIM Benefits Compared to 2D and 3D CAD Elements have architectural meaning Changes on one drawing have influence on all others Rich visualization content (animation, sun studies, renderings etc.) Automatic quantity take-offs, schedules Connection to structural, energy calculation, collision detection etc. software Drawbacks Higher training requirements Might be difficult to learn the BIM approach for people who were previously 2D users Might be more difficult to handle complex geometry (e.g. freeform structures) then in 3D and 2D CAD 9. BIM IS A PROCESS! Generic term used to describe advanced 3D CAD technology for modeling and managing buildings and information related to them. BIM models are differentiated from traditional CAD systems in that the software objects in a BIM model are intelligible to computer programs as representations of real-world building components, unlike the graphic objects in a two-dimensional CAD file. The American Institute of Architects (AIA) defines BIM as a model- based technology linked with a database of project information. BIM covers geometry, spatial relationships, geographic information, quantities and properties of building components. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modeling) 10. WORKING CONCEPT BIM Single file concept: The complete building model and all of its representations are included in the BIM file Real architectural elements used for modeling Changes of the model affect all related drawings (and vice versa) Automatic generation and updating of documentation Architectural content (libraries) Building information data attached to the elements Additional materials (rendering, animation, quantity take-offs, schedules) 11. BIM USES Project Definition, Planning and Pre-Design Architectural Modelling (Design) Structural Modelling and Analysis MEP Modelling and Analysis Construction Models Facilities Management/As-built Models 12. ADVANTAGES Design visualization Reduction of Errors Collision Detection Quantity Take Off 4D Constructability 5D Cost Estimating Asset/Equipment Inventory Facility Operations Space assignment Maintenance/Repair Emergency response, etc. 13. WHAT IS BIM 14. BIM EXAMPLE 15. BIMMATURITYSTATE 16. BIMDETAILLEVELS 17. BIMDETAILLEVELS 18. REAL ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS - BIM Drawing representation Floor plan, section and elevation views Adjustable contours, fills, backgrounds Scale sensitivity Model representation 3D shapes connected to drawing elements Surface color and texture Non-graphical information Material descriptions Quantities, volumes Cost Values specific to certain elements (e.g. lux values of lights, fire resistance of doors) 19. MODEL BASED DOCUMENTATION - BIM Coherence between model and drawing All drawings derived from the model Model itself coordinates drawings Automatic scale change The complete project lifecycle can be controlled from a single file Rich 3D visualization content helps you to win the job 20. ESTIMATION-BIM Additional information attached to the model Quantity Materials Descriptions Product details Construction details Safety details Cost Instant Calculation Quantity take-offs Room Inventories Door-Window Schedules BIM DATA 3D model Calculations 21. EXTERNAL COLLABORATION-BIM The BIM data can be shared with the project stakeholders via: IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) DXF-DWG (Autocad Drawing) PDF (Portable Document Format) XML (Extensible Markup Language) Other native CAD file formats 22. INTERNAL COLLABORATION-BIM Advanced BIM applications allow the seamless sharing of the virtual building data between the project team members The teamwork approach: Central file contains the complete virtual building database Team members work on local copies Team members have dedicated workspaces Team members send and receive changes regularly Local Copy 1 Local Copy 2 Local Copy 3 Central File Workspace 3 Workspace 2 Workspace 1 Send & receive changes 23. ANALYSIS, COORDINATION-BIM Further processing the BIM data allows a wide range of analytical activities: Code checking (collision detection) Energy efficiency analysis Structural analysis EnergyPlus Jetstream from NavisWorks Xsteel from Tekla 24. TRENDS: CONSTRUCTION COORDINATION Construction industry is moving towards automated solutions. Adding time and cost information to the 3D model results the virtual construction model. Linked Schedules Linked Estimating Recipes BIM Model (3D) Cost (5D)Time (4D) 25. VIRTUAL CONSTRUCTION WORKFLOW Project Control Fabrication 2 D Drawings Constructability Analysis and Coordination ProcurementSchedule Accounting Cost Estimate5 D Model 26. CONCLUSIVE SUMMARY VIDEO 27. BIM@DEPA 28. BIM@DEPA 29. THANK YOU