This Page Intentionally Left Blank

Table of Contents

1Introduction1

1.1Purpose1

1.2Using the TRM1

1.2.1Measure Categories2

1.2.2Customer and Program Specific Data2

1.2.3End-use Categories & Thresholds for Using Default Values3

1.2.4Applicability of the TRM for estimating Ex Ante (Claimed) savings5

1.3Definitions5

1.4General Framework7

1.5Algorithms8

1.6Data and Input Values8

1.7Baseline Estimates8

1.8Resource Savings in Current and Future Program Years10

1.9Prospective Application of the TRM10

1.10Electric Resource Savings10

1.11Post-Implementation Review11

1.12Adjustments to Energy and Resource Savings11

1.12.1Coincidence with Electric System Peak11

1.12.2Measure Retention and Persistence of Savings11

1.12.3Interactive Measure Energy Savings12

1.12.4Verified Gross Adjustments12

1.13Calculation of the Value of Resource Savings12

1.14Transmission and Distribution System Losses13

1.15Measure Lives13

1.16Custom Measures13

1.17Impact of Weather14

1.18Measure Applicability Based on Sector15

1.19Algorithms for Energy Efficient Measures15

2Residential Measures17

2.1Lighting17

2.1.1ENERGY STAR Lighting17

2.1.2Residential Occupancy Sensors27

2.1.3Electroluminescent Nightlight29

2.1.4LED Nightlight31

2.1.5Holiday Lights33

2.2HVAC36

2.2.1Electric HVAC36

2.2.2Fuel Switching: Electric Heat to Gas/Propane/Oil Heat44

2.2.3Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps50

2.2.4ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioners56

2.2.5Room AC (RAC) Retirement60

2.2.6Duct Sealing66

2.2.7Furnace Whistle72

2.2.8Programmable Thermostat76

2.2.9Residential Whole House Fans79

2.3Domestic Hot Water81

2.3.1Efficient Electric Water Heaters81

2.3.2Heat Pump Water Heaters84

2.3.3Solar Water Heaters89

2.3.4Fuel Switching: Electric Resistance to Fossil Fuel Water Heater92

2.3.5Fuel Switching: Heat Pump Water Heater to Fossil Fuel Water Heater96

2.3.6Water Heater Tank Wrap102

2.3.7Water Heater Temperature Setback105

2.3.8Water Heater Pipe Insulation109

2.3.9Low Flow Faucet Aerators111

2.3.10Low Flow Showerheads116

2.3.11Thermostatic Shower Restriction Valve121

2.4Appliances125

2.4.1ENERGY STAR Refrigerators125

2.4.2ENERGY STAR Freezers133

2.4.3Refrigerator / Freezer Recycling with and without Replacement136

2.4.4ENERGY STAR Clothes Washers144

2.4.5ENERGY STAR Dryers149

2.4.6Fuel Switching: Electric Clothes Dryer to Gas Clothes Dryer152

2.4.7ENERGY STAR Dishwashers155

2.4.8ENERGY STAR Dehumidifiers158

2.4.9ENERGY STAR Water Coolers161

2.4.10ENERGY STAR Ceiling Fans163

2.5Consumer Electronics166

2.5.1ENERGY STAR Televisions166

2.5.2ENERGY STAR Office Equipment170

2.5.3Smart Strip Plug Outlets173

2.6Building Shell176

2.6.1Ceiling / Attic and Wall Insulation176

2.6.2Air Sealing183

2.6.3ENERGY STAR Windows186

2.6.4Residential New Construction189

2.6.5Home Performance with ENERGY STAR194

2.6.6ENERGY STAR Manufactured Homes196

2.7Miscellaneous202

2.7.1Pool Pump Load Shifting202

2.7.2Variable Speed Pool Pumps (with Load Shifting Option)205

3Commercial and Industrial Measures210

3.1Lighting210

3.1.1Lighting Fixture Improvements210

3.1.2New Construction Lighting220

3.1.3Lighting Controls232

3.1.4Traffic Lights235

3.1.5LED Exit Signs238

3.1.6LED Channel Signage241

3.1.7LED Refrigeration Display Case Lighting244

3.2HVAC247

3.2.1HVAC Systems247

3.2.2Electric Chillers256

3.2.3Water Source and Geothermal Heat Pumps261

3.2.4Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps Commercial < 5.4 tons270

3.2.5Fuel Switching: Small Commercial Electric Heat to Natural gas / Propane / Oil Heat275

3.2.6Small C/I HVAC Refrigerant Charge Correction280

3.2.7ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioner285

3.2.8Controls: Guest Room Occupancy Sensor289

3.2.9Controls: Economizer293

3.3Motors and VFDs297

3.3.1Premium Efficiency Motors297

3.3.2Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Improvements310

3.3.3ECM Circulating Fan313

3.3.4VSD on Kitchen Exhaust Fan317

3.4Domestic Hot Water319

3.4.1Electric Resistance Water Heaters319

3.4.2Heat Pump Water Heaters324

3.4.3Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers for Retrofit Programs331

3.4.4Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers for Time of Sale / Retail Programs336

3.4.6Fuel Switching: Electric Resistance Water Heaters to Gas / Oil / Propane342

3.4.7Fuel Switching: Heat Pump Water Heaters to Gas / Oil / Propane349

3.5Refrigeration357

3.5.1High-Efficiency Refrigeration/Freezer Cases357

3.5.2High-Efficiency Evaporator Fan Motors for Reach-In Refrigerated Cases361

3.5.3High-Efficiency Evaporator Fan Motors for Walk-in Refrigerated Cases367

3.5.4Controls: Evaporator Fan Controllers373

3.5.5Controls: Floating Head Pressure Controls376

3.5.6Controls: Anti-Sweat Heater Controls380

3.5.7Controls: Evaporator Coil Defrost Control384

3.5.8Variable Speed Refrigeration Compressor387

3.5.9Strip Curtains for Walk-In Freezers and Coolers389

3.5.10Night Covers for Display Cases398

3.5.11Auto Closers401

3.5.12Door Gaskets for Walk-in and Reach-in Coolers and Freezers404

3.5.13Special Doors with Low or No Anti-Sweat Heat for Low Temp Case406

3.5.14Suction Pipe Insulation for Walk-In Coolers and Freezers409

3.6Appliances411

3.6.1ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer411

3.7Food Service Equipment419

3.7.1High-Efficiency Ice Machines419

3.7.2Controls: Beverage Machine Controls422

3.7.3Controls: Snack Machine Controls425

3.7.4ENERGY STAR Electric Steam Cooker427

3.7.5ENERGY STAR Refrigerated Beverage Machine432

3.8Building Shell435

3.8.1Wall and Ceiling Insulation435

3.9Consumer Electronics440

3.9.1ENERGY STAR Office Equipment440

3.9.2Office Equipment Network Power Management Enabling445

3.9.3Smart Strip Plug Outlets448

3.10Compressed Air450

3.10.1Cycling Refrigerated Thermal Mass Dryer450

3.10.2Air-Entraining Air Nozzle453

3.10.3No-Loss Condensate Drains457

3.11Miscellaneous462

3.11.1ENERGY STAR Servers462

4Agricultural Measures467

4.1Agricultural467

4.1.1Automatic Milker Takeoffs467

4.1.2Dairy Scroll Compressors470

4.1.3High Efficiency Ventilation Fans with and without Thermostats473

4.1.4Heat Reclaimers477

4.1.5High Volume Low Speed Fans480

4.1.6Livestock Waterer483

4.1.7Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Controller on Dairy Vacuum Pumps486

4.1.8Low Pressure Irrigation System490

5Appendices494

5.1Appendix A: Measure Lives494

5.2Appendix B: Relationship between Program Savings and Evaluation Savings499

5.3Appendix C: Lighting Audit and Design Tool500

5.4Appendix D: Motor & VFD Audit and Design Tool501

5.5Appendix E: Lighting Audit and Design Tool for C&I New Construction Projects502

5.6Appendix F: Eligibility Requirements for Solid State Lighting Products in Commercial and Industrial Applications503

5.6.1Solid State Lighting503

5.7Appendix G: Zip Code Mapping506

List of Figures

Figure 21: Daily Load Shapes for Hot Water Measurers112

Figure 22: Daily Load Shapes for Hot Water Measures117

Figure 23: Daily Load Shapes for Hot Water Measures122

Figure 24: Uo Baseline Requirements199

Figure 31: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types321

Figure 32: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types321

Figure 33: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types326

Figure 34: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types326

Figure 35: Dependence of COP on outdoor wetbulb temperature328

Figure 36: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types332

Figure 37: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types.333

Figure 38: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types337

Figure 39: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types.338

Figure 310: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types344

Figure 311: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types345

Figure 312: Load shapes for hot water in four commercial building types351

Figure 313: Energy to demand factors for four commercial building types352

Figure 314: Dependence of COP on outdoor wetbulb temperature.353

Figure 315: Utilization factor for a sample week in July413

Figure 4-16: Typical Dairy Vacuum Pump Coincident Peak Demand Reduction487

List of Tables

Table 11: End-Use Categories and Measures in the TRM3

Table 12: kWh Savings Thresholds4

Table 13: Periods for Energy Savings and Coincident Peak Demand Savings10

Table 21: ENERGY STAR Lighting - References20

Table 22: Baseline Wattage by Lumen Output for General Service Lamps (GSL)22

Table 23: Baseline Wattage by Lumen Output for Specialty Lamps23

Table 24. Default Baseline Wattage for Reflector Bulbs23

Table 25: CFL Energy and Demand HVAC Interactive Effects by EDC24