international affiliate teaching mi webinar · • motivational interviewing in nutrition and...

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11/13/2019 1 Tips and Tricks for Enhancing Motivational Interviewing Education Dawn Clifford, PhD, RD Associate Professor and MPH Director Northern Arizona University Laura Curtis, MS, RD Lecturer & Health Coach Director California State University, Chico Your Speakers Dawn Clifford, PhD, RD Associate Professor and MPH Director Northern Arizona University Laura Curtis, MS, RD Lecturer & Health Coach Director California State University, Chico Learning objectives Participants will be able to… describe 4 concepts that are essential to cover when teaching motivational interviewing. list 3 strategies that can enhance the MI learning experience. describe 5 different MI skillbuilding activities that can be implemented in a classroom setting.

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Page 1: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

11/13/2019

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Tips and Tricks for Enhancing Motivational Interviewing Education

Dawn Clifford, PhD, RDAssociate Professor and MPH DirectorNorthern Arizona University

Laura Curtis, MS, RDLecturer & Health Coach DirectorCalifornia State University, Chico

Your Speakers

Dawn Clifford, PhD, RDAssociate Professor and MPH DirectorNorthern Arizona University

Laura Curtis, MS, RDLecturer & Health Coach DirectorCalifornia State University, Chico

Learning objectives• Participants will be able to…

– describe 4 concepts that are essential to cover when teaching motivational interviewing.

– list 3 strategies that can enhance the MI learning experience.

– describe 5 different MI skill‐building activities that can be implemented in a classroom setting.

Page 2: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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Outline• MI Basics

• Strategies to Enhance the MI Training Experience

• MI Skill‐Building Activities

• Resources

• Q & A

M.I. Basics

Part 1

M.I. BasicsA collaborative, goal‐oriented style of communication with particular attention to the language of change. It is designed to strengthen personal motivation for and commitment to a specific goal by eliciting and exploring the person’s own reasons for change within an atmosphere of acceptance and compassion

Page 3: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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Where is MI?

AmbivalenceMixed Feelings About Change

Change

Sustain

I really should…I really should…

But, I don’t 

want to...

But, I don’t 

want to...

Ambivalence sounds like…• I want to exercise more… …but I am tired when I get home.

• I don’t want another heart attack… …but it’s hard living alone and cooking for myself.

• I probably need to drink more water… …but I like the taste of soda better.

• I know when I eat out I don’t eat well… …but I like going out to dinner with my friends.

• My cholesterol went up and I really don’t want to start medication…

…but I do not know if I can change my diet.

Page 4: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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Ambivalence sounds like…Change Talk Sustain Talk

• I want to exercise more… …but I am tired when I get home.

• I don’t want another heart attack… …but it’s hard living alone and cooking for myself.

• I probably need to drink more water… …but I like the taste of soda better.

• I know when I eat out I don’t eat well… …but I like going out to dinner with my friends.

• My cholesterol went up and I really don’t want to start medication…

…but I do not know if I can change my diet.

M.I. Basics• Change Talk: speech that favors change

– “I want to eat better.”– “I would probably have more energy.”– “I really need to do this.”

• Sustain Talk: reasons not to change– “I just love sweets.”– “I hate sweating.”– “I didn’t make any of the changes you suggested.”

• Discord: disconnect – arguing, interrupting, discounting, ignoring– “I don’t know why I’m here. This is a waste of time.”

A key goal in MI is to elicit and highlight (reflect) change talk!!

• Partnership

• Acceptance

– Absolute Worth

– Accurate Empathy

– Autonomy Support

– Affirmation

• Compassion

• Evocation

Partnership

Compassion Acceptance

Evocation

M.I. Basics

The Spirit of M.I.

Page 5: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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The Spirit of MI

Partnership

• What ideas do you have?

• Is it ok if I share some ideas that have worked for other clients?

Acceptance

• It’s really up to you what you decide.

• I’m so sorry to hear that. That must be really hard.

• You’re frustrated and you’d like things to be different.

Compassion• I’m here to support you no 

matter what.

Evocation• How would making that change 

help you?• What’s important to you about 

making that change?

The Spirit of MI• Avoid imperatives:

– You should…

– You could…

– You need to…

• Avoid giving information in the form of a question.

– Have you thought about…?

Tame the Righting Reflex.

The Four Processes of MI

Engage • An authentic desire to get to know your client• Let the client know what to expect• Explore the reason for the visit

Focus • Invite the client to select a topic to discuss• Present topic ideas to the client if the client is unsure• Find out the reason behind the topic selection

Evoke • Invite the client to explore WHY he/she wants to make a change

• Elicit all of the benefits of change

Plan • Ask the client for ideas on how to change• Offer information or ideas, only if needed• Invite client to set goals• Invite client to explore potential barriers and solutions

Page 6: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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3 Strategies to Enhance the MI Learning Experience

Part 2

1. Encourage Imperfection

• Becoming proficient in MI is a lifelong process

• Practicing helps

• Get comfortable with imperfection

• There isn’t a “right” response

– Though there are many “wrong” responses

• Use MI to teach MI

2. Use a Variety of Hands-on Activities

• Flipped Classroom– Didactic at home

– Activities in class

• Setting up activities

• De‐briefing

WorksheetsSample dialoguesVideo analysisScript writingReal plays

Examples

Page 7: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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3. Use Simulation

• Definition: – Real plays vs. role plays

• Who plays the client?• Classroom exercises

– Live demo or video demo first

• Video vs. audio recording• Peer eval vs. teacher eval

M.I. Skill-Building Activities

Part 3

5 In-Class Activities

1. Worksheets

2. Video analysis

3. Script writing

4. Skill‐building partner and group drills

5. Real Plays

Page 8: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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1. Worksheets

• Useful as a first step

• Can be done online or in class

• 3 examples1. Spirit of MI worksheet

2. OARS worksheet

3. Identifying and responding to change talk

Page 9: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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2. Video Analysis• Make sure videos are examples of GOODMI

• Promote active viewing vs. passive viewing

• Examples:

– Write down questions asked to engage

– Write down questions asked to evoke change talk

– Count up OARS

2. Video Analysis• Example: Effective & Ineffective Physician

• Active engagement:– Write down what the practitioner says that is NOT in line with the Spirit of MI

– Write down what the practitioner says that IS in line with the Spirit of MI

Page 10: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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3. Script Writing• Provide a scenario.

• Provide a prompt.

• Provide a checklist.

• Give first question to get them started.

Write a script between you and Jim that includes: 

Giving information about soda and blood sugars using an E‐P‐E

A minimum of 3 evoking change talk questions.

A minimum of 3 reflections that highlight change talk.

A summary of the change talk.

Jim was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. His father ended up on dialysis from uncontrolled diabetes and he doesn’t want to go down that road.  He lives alone and doesn’t like cooking for one. When you asked him if there’s a change he was open to trying, he said he could start by 

cutting down on soda.

4. Skill-building partner & group drills

• Closed‐ended questions to open‐ended questions

• Reflective listening practice

– Client starts with: “I am [insert positive quality].”

– Encourage clients to expand when practitioner reflects

• Affirmations story‐telling

5. Real Plays

• Real plays vs. role plays

– Advantages and disadvantages of each

• Guided  Unguided

Page 11: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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5. Real Plays• Student plays themselves

• Students brainstorm a list of behavior behavior changes of interest on day 1.

Behavior Change Ideas

• Fruits/veggies

• Water

• Fewer trips to Starbucks

• Get to bed earlier

• Increase study hours

• Reduce social media time

• Wear bike helmet

• Increase physical activity

• Increase frequency of meditation or prayer

5. Real PlaysA guided real play on a behavior change

Guided Real Play

Engage

• Ask 3 engaging questions.

• Summarize

Focus

• Invite the client to select a behavior change of interest

Evoke

• Ask at least 3 evoking change talk questions

• Summarize change talk

FIXING!!FIXING!!

5. Real Plays• When students tire of talking about change…

• Career planning sessions

Guided Real Play• Open the conversation (Ask 2 engaging 

questions.)• Ask permission to talk about careers• Ask: Where do you see yourself five 

years from now? (focus)• Only listen and reflect what you hear• Probe to unpack more• Summarize• Ask: What types of things might you do 

now in order to reach your 5‐year goals? (plan)

• Only listen and reflect what you hear• Probe to unpack more• Summarize• Ask: What will keep you motivated to 

do the things you have planned? (evoke)

• Reflect change talk• Summarize

Page 12: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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5. Real Plays

• Triads

• OARS Counts

• Small group debrief

• Written reflections

• Large group debrief

O A R S

IIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIII IIII

Q R

O C A S C S

IIIIIIII

III III IIIII

III IIII

Resources• Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness

• Guilford Press, 2016

• www.motivatechange.net

• Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt the book

[email protected]

Resources• YouTube Channel: Dawn Clifford’s MI Tips

• Instagram: @dawnthedietitian

• Thinkific 1‐hour online course– https://dawn‐s‐school‐2435.thinkific.com/courses/motivational‐interviewing‐

basics

• MINT activities handbook– http://www.motivationalinterviewing.org/sites/default/files/tnt_manual_201

4_d10_20150205.pdf

Page 13: International Affiliate Teaching MI Webinar · • Motivational Interviewing in Nutrition and Fitness • Guilford Press, 2016 • • Free PowerPoint slides for instructors who adopt

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Questions?