integrative design power point presentation.pptx

© B. Alan Whitson Company

LCD Monitors Save Space & Money!

Employees in Cubicles 520 520Cubicle Size 8 x 8 6 x 6Cubicles per Cluster/ Number 8/65 10/52Cluster Footprint 16 x 32 12 x 30Total Square Feet w/Circulation 47,027 28,333Use 50% of Saved Square Footage 9,347Total Usable Square Feet 47,027 37,680Gross Up to Rentable (U/R 1.15) 54,081 43,332Rental Rate $24.03 $24.03Rent Year 1 $1,299,566 $1,041,268

Rent Savings Year 1 $258,298Yrs. 1-10 (w/ 2% Escalations) PV @ 5.75% $2,207,533

Savings Per Employee $4,245


What’s a Watt Worth?

Electricity Reduction - Lighting 1,637,402 kWh

1W SF x 355,000 SF x 88.7 Hrs Week x 52 Weeks

Less Lights = Less Heat to be Removed 101Tons

355,000W x 3.412 Btu / 12,000 Btu per Ton Electricity Reduction - Cooling 372,682 kWh

101 Tons x 0.8 kW/ton x 4,612.4 Hours

Total Electricity Reduction - Lighting & Cooling 2,010,084 kWh

Annual Reduction in CO2 Emissions 1,608.1 Tons

2,010,084 kWh x 1.6 lbs CO2 per kWh Savings in Annual Operating Costs $273,371

2,010,084 kWh @ $0.136/kWh

Reduction in HVAC Equipment Costs $252,500

101 Tons X $2,500/Ton


Task – Ambient Lighting Saves

FC = foot-candle

70 FC

50 FC

32 FC

25 FC

Task Specific Lighting

50 to 100+ FC 1.5 Watts/SF 0.6 Watts/SF

What is LCC? (adapted from Nigel Howard’s ‘Cost of Green’ presentation)

All of the costs of owning a building throughout its lifecycle including:

-  First Costs to build. . . . . . Once – up front -  Operating costs . . . . . . . . Continuous -  Maintenance costs . . . . . . Ongoing -  Refurbishment costs . . . . Periodic -  Disposal costs . . . . . . . . . Once - at end

First Costs

Financing / Legal / Insurance

22%

A&E Fees 6%

Furnishings 8%

Land 10%

Construction Cost 54%

Renovations20%

Financing / Legal / Insurance

15%

Taxes17%

Maintenance15%

Operating18%

Construction15%

Life Cycle Costs

Life Cycle - Productivity

Office Costs - $/sf

Financial Benefits of Green Buildings

Summary of Findings (per square foot) Category 20-year NPV

Energy Value $5.79

Emissions Value $1.18

Water Value $0.51

Waste Value (construction only) - 1 year $0.03

Commissioning O&M Value $8.47

Productivity and Health Value (Certified and Silver) $36.89

Productivity and Health Value (Gold and Platinum) $55.33

Less Green Cost Premium ($4.00)

Total 20-year NPV (LEED - Certified and Silver) $48.87

Total 20-year NPV (LEED - Gold and Platinum) $67.31

Source: Capital E Analysis

Integrative Approach: Benefits & Interactions

We’ve found that when we’ve completed the design-development phase, we’re already close to 60 percent finished with construction documentation. With the Virtual Building model, we shorten the time required in documentation, resolve design conflicts and, overall, produce better documents.

• Orcutt-Winslow Partnership (from AIA IDP presentation)

DD = 60% CD’s!

Case Study Example: HVAC System Sizing

Air Conditioning ft2/ton

•  Standard office building 250 - 400

•  PA DEP Spec 600

•  PA DEP Cambria Case Study 663

Combining systems impacts to reduce cooling capacity

Case Study Example: Downsize and/or Eliminate Systems

Down-sized HVAC System: - $10,000

High Performance Windows: + $15,000

Perimeter Heating System: - $25,000

- $20,000

Elimination of Perimeter Heating System

Case Study Example: Systems Impacts on Other Systems

How does your interior paint color affect HVAC system costs?

Coefficients of Utilization PRU-9-A-04-2T8-SC-YMW-S-120 Floor effective floor cavity reflectance = .20

Ceiling 80 70 50

Wall 70 50 30 10 70 50 30 10 50 30 10

RCR 0 .72 .72 .72 .72 .62 .62 .62 .62 .43 .43 .43 1 .66 .62 .60 .57 .56 .54 .52 .50 .37 .36 .35 2 .60 .54 .50 .47 .51 .47 .43 .41 .33 .31 .29 3 .54 .48 .43 .39 .46 .41 .37 .34 .29 .26 .24 4 .49 .42 .37 .32 .42 .36 .32 .28 .25 .22 .20 5 .45 .37 .32 .27 .39 .32 .28 .24 .23 .20 .17 6 .41 .33 .28 .24 .35 .29 .24 .21 .20 .17 .15 7 .38 .30 .24 .20 .33 .26 .21 .18 .18 .15 .13 8 .35 .27 .21 .18 .30 .23 .19 .16 .16 .13 .11 9 .33 .24 .19 .15 .28 .21 .17 .14 .15 .12 .10 10 .30 .22 .17 .14 .26 .19 .15 .12 .13 .11 .09

Connections: Paint Lighting HVAC Sizing for cooling

# of light fixtures = footcandles x area lumens x LLF x CU

= 25% Reduction

Case Study Example: Team Process

Relocation of Mechanical Room:

•  Original Design for mechanical room – Penthouse

•  Optimized Design

Encourage each team member to think outside their discipline

Net First Cost Impact = $ 40,000 Reduction

Manufacturers Contractors Mechanical Engineers Lighting Designers Electrical Engineers Construction Managers Facility Managers Commissioning Agents Clients Architects

Interior Designers Building/Project Users Government agencies Community members Bankers Landscape Architects Civil Engineers Planners Environmentalists Lawyers

Who’s the designer . . . ?

CONVENTIONAL BUILDING TEAM

Client

Builder Architect

THE “CHAMPION” MODEL (Linear Process / Industrial Age Thinking)

Integrative Design: Building and Design Team as an Organism

Systems Integration:

•  Understanding relationships between systems

•  Not a set of component parts

•  Holistic, non-linear process

•  Downsize or eliminate systems

•  Analysis Tools

Energy modeling

Daylighting modeling

Materials analysis and impacts

•  Team is an organism too – not a set of parts

•  Manage the design process as a whole

INTEGRATED BUILDING TEAM (COMPOSITE MASTER BUILDER)

Avo

idin

g R

ecip

roca

l Ign

oran

ce

Clie

nt

Structural Eng.

Waste Specialist

Structural Sub.

Energy Modeler

Planner

Landscape Arch.

Mech Sub. Habitat Spec.

M.E.P. Eng.

Civil Sub.

Millwork

Finish Subs.

Electrical Sub.

Commissioning Agent

And so on . . .

Staff Reps.

Decision Maker

Property Broker

Facilities Mngmt.

IDP Team Organization

Source: Roadmap for the Integrated Design Process, BC Green Building Roundtable

IDP Comparison with Conventional Process

Source: Roadmap for the Integrated Design Process, BC Green Building Roundtable

Integrative Design Process Overview

Discovery Schematic Design Construction

Documents/ Delivery Design Development

Front End Back End

Concept Design

(CoVO)- Continuous Value Optimization

CoVO CoVO

Whole System Integrative Process (WSIP)

Schematic Design Design Development Construction Documents/ Delivery

Concept Design

(VE)- Value Engineering

VE VE VE VE

Diagram Graphics by Doug Pierce

Traditional Process

Integrative Design Process: Impacts on Design Schedule

Construction Documents

Construction Documents

Integrative Design Process Overview

Integrative Design Process Principles

“Optimizing components in isolation tends to pessimize the whole system – and hence the bottom line.”

“You can actually make a system less efficient, simply by not properly linking up those components.”

“If they’re not designed to work with one another, they’ll tend to work against one another.”

Hawken, A. Lovins, H. Lovins, from Natural Capitalism

No experts, only co-learners

Part A: Discovery

Selling this Process to the Client (main decision maker)

Assemble/ Interview Team – process emphasis (ego systems: attachment vs. will)

Discovery Process - (Part A Contract)

Alignment – Purpose, Value-adding, Process – Co-learning (dialogue, developmental)

Identify Key Systems/ Patterns – form shapers (energy, water, habitat, materials)

Commit to Goals and Stretch Goals (or better, principles and potential)

Map the Integration Process – (Part B Contract)

Part B: Design & Construction

Conceptualize the System Designs – Before Concept or Schematic Design Begins

System Stories, Integrative Cost Bundling – BOD, OPR

Iterate – workshops & research/ design: work towards Whole System synergy

Construction Partnering

Part C: Occupancy & Operations

Commission, Maintain, Monitor – Feedback FOREVER

The Basic Elements of Integrative Design

The First Step: Defining Intentions

Here’s Where We Are: A Goal-Setting Charrette typically is convened


Here’s Where We Are: A LEED Checklist documents initial performance goals


What happens after the Goal-Setting Charrette?

What’s working?

•  We’ve identified environmental issues that typically remain unaddressed

•  Everyone engages a familiar design process

•  We eventually deliver a LEED project on time and within an agreed

budget . . . but with extensive effort

. . . and for what purpose – achieving LEED?

What’s not working?

•  Scope is reduced to bring project into alignment with budget

•  LEED credits are an additive layer superimposed on a conventionalized process

•  Iterative analysis with tools are not used to inform design decisions

•  Interactions between systems are not addressed

•  We aren’t working with the larger natural system

•  How sustainable is the result?

•  . . . and again, what is our purpose?

DEP Cambria First LEED v2.0 Gold Building. Built for $93/ft2 in 2000.

“Some esoteric chemistry took place with the team’s willingness to explore new solutions without having to know the answers.”

“My life changed – not immediately, but it was a transformative process over time.”

“It became more than a job – it became a personal passion. . . and this from a career beauroucrat?!?”

- Jim Toothaker, PA DEP

How can we do this differently?

Mental Model Shift

-Regenerative

Less Energy Required More Energy Required

-Restorative

-Sustaining / Conservation

-Conventional Practice

Technologies / Techniques Fragmented Thinking

Living Systems Understanding Whole System Pattern Thinking

Regenerating System

Degenerating System

Trajectory of Environmentally Responsible Design © All rights reserved. Regenesis 2006 - Contact Bill Reed, [email protected] for permission to use

-Conservation -High Performance -Green

Willow School:

. . . A more compelling and vital story of place

Images from Bill Reed

Understanding Patterns of Place

Images from Regenesis and Tim Murphy

Understanding Patterns of Place

Nested Sub-Systems

Suggested Process Outline Diagram Discovery

Schematic Design Design Development Construction Documents / Delivery

Front End Back End

All Team Workshops / Charrettes

Key Sub-Systems – Breakout Workshops

Pre-Design / Concept Design

All Team Mindset / Goal-Setting Workshop

All Team Coordination Meetings

CoVO - Continuous Value Optimization

CoVO CoVO

Analysis / Research of Strategy or Piece

Diagram Graphics by Doug Pierce

Integrative Design Process:

Integrative Process Roadmap

Pre-Design – The Discovery Phase

Let’s revisit what happens after the Goal-Setting Charrette . . . . and before it

Part A - The Discovery Phase

•  Possible Part A and Part B proposals

•  Part A Proposal: Initial Goal-Setting Workshop only

•  Part B Proposal: After the Goal-Setting Workshop

- Select the right team members based upon expertise needed

- Define scope, program, and sustainability objectives

- Scope and fees from all team members

•  Preliminary Research to Prepare for the Goal-Setting Workshop (Workshop #1)

- Site Selection - Assess optional sites

- Context - Identify base ecological conditions: climate, habitat, history, etc.

- Perform preliminary analysis of flows: four key sub-systems

- Identify key stakeholders: People and non-human systems

- Develop initial functional programmatic requirements

Stage A.1- Research and Analysis:

“Preparation”

Avoids a “fact-free” meeting

Four Key Sub-Systems

•  Habitat: –  Human, earth, and biotic systems

•  Water: –  Water quality and conservation, hydrology, soils

•  Energy: –  Energy efficiency and sources, microclimates, building use

•  Materials: –  Local material sources and waste opportunities

Case Study Example: PA DEP Southeast Regional Office Building

Site Selection

SSc1: Site Selection 1 point SSc2: Development Density 1 point SSc3: Brownfield Redevelopment 1 point SSc4.1: Alternative Transportation: Public Access 1 point SSc4.4: Alternative Transportation: Parking Capacity 1 point

5 points

LEED for New Construction Credits