instructor : volcano spanish. lesson...
TRANSCRIPT
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INSTRUCTOR: Volcano Spanish. Lesson 1
INSTRUCTOR: In this Spanish course, I will show you how to quickly and easily
expand your Spanish vocabulary. You may find this hard to believe, but you
already know literally thousands of Spanish words.
When you finish with this Spanish course, you will have the tools in order to build
an enormous Spanish vocabulary just by following a few simple rules and applying
them to your knowledge of the English vocabulary.
There are certain words that exist in both Spanish and English that are spelled the
same way or almost the same way, and that have the same meaning or very similar
meanings. These words are called cognates.
The Spanish language evolved from Latin over the last two thousand years.
Although the English language is not as closely related to Latin as Spanish, the
English language still borrows thousands of words from Latin. Many of these
words are the same words that Spanish uses. Spanish and English have also
borrowed many words from Greek. As a result, Spanish and English have
thousands of cognates in common. This is another reason why you can quickly
build a huge Spanish vocabulary based on the English words that you already
know.
But be aware that there are certain words that have a common origin in Latin but
have very different meanings in Spanish and English. These words are called false
cognates. You may have also heard the terms false friends or "amigos falsos." But
you should be happy to know that the overwhelming majority of these words,
which are spelled the same or almost the same, have similar meanings in the two
languages.
While learning these Spanish cognates, or Spanish words that are similar to
English words, be aware that many of these words may also have a slightly
different spelling from English and the pronunciation is almost always a little
different. All you have to do is make some slight changes in the spelling of many
English words and they become Spanish words. In fact, there are many Spanish
words which are spelled exactly the same way as their English counterparts.
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In this lesson, you will learn about 7 groups or 7 categories of these Spanish
cognates. Let’s begin with the group of Spanish cognates that end in the letters O-
R. These Spanish words, which end in the letters O-R, are stressed on the last
syllable. Normally, these words are spelled the same way in both Spanish and
English.
Later in this lesson, I will have lots of interactive exercises for you to do. But for
right now, I want you to repeat the following Spanish words after the Spanish
speaker. Keep in mind that the Spanish word “el” means “the.” And the Spanish
word “un” means “a’ or “an.” Now repeat after the Spanish speaker.
(Group 1- Spanish words that end in the letters O-R)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
el actor
el autor (author)
el coautor (co-author)
el color
el director
el doctor
el humor
el motor
el error
el profesor
el tractor
el doctor
el inspector
el instructor
el opresor
el editor
un favor
un conductor
un inventor
interior
exterior
superior
ardor
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candor
censor
fervor
furor
honor
horror
INSTRUCTOR: The next group of Spanish words, which are similar to English
words that you already know, end in the letters A-L. In most cases, you will find
that the spelling of the words are identical in the two languages. It is very
important that you repeat after the Spanish speaker if you want to develop proper
pronunciation and an authentic Latin American Spanish accent. Now repeat the
following Spanish words:
(Group 2- Spanish words that end in the letters A-L)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
abdominal
accidental
animal
anual
arsenal
artificial
brutal
canal
capital
carnal
catedral (cathedral)
central
cereal
ceremonial
colonial
colosal (colossal)
comercial
condicional
confidencial (confidential)
constitucional (constitutional)
continental
convencional (conventional)
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coral
cordial
corral
credencial
criminal
cristal (cristal)
cultural
decimal
dental
editorial
educacional (educational)
electoral
elemental
emocional (emotional)
episcopal
esencial (essential)
especial
excepcional (exceptional)
experimental
facial
fatal
federal
festival
final
formal
fraternal
frugal
fundamental
funeral
general
gradual
gramatical (grammatical)
gutural
horizontal
hospital
ideal
ilegal (illegal)
imparcial (impartial)
imperial
industrial
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infernal
informal
inicial (initial)
instrumental
intelectual
intencional (intentional)
internacional (international)
intestinal
irracional (irrational)
jovial
judicial
legal
liberal
literal
local
material
matrimonial
maternal
medicinal
mental
metal
monumental
moral
mortal
municipal
mural
musical
nacional (national)
natural
naval
neutral
normal
ocasional
oficial
oral
oriental
original
ornamental
parcial (partial)
pastoral
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paternal
pedal
pedestal
personal
plural
portal
postal
potencial (potential)
principal
profesional
provincial
puntual (punctual)
racial
racional (rational)
regional
residencial (residential)
rival
rural
sensacional (sensational)
sensual
sentimental
social
superficial
terminal
total
tradicional (traditional)
trivial
tropical
universal
usual
vertical
visual
vital
vocal
INSTRUCTOR: The next group of Spanish words, which are similar to English
words that you already know, end in the letters B-L-E. Spanish words that end in
the letters B-L-E are stressed on the next to last syllable. You will usually find that
the words are identical in the two languages. Repeat the following Spanish words
after the Spanish speaker:
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(Group 3 - Spanish words that end in the letters B-L-E)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
abominable
aceptable
adaptable
admirable
adorable
afable
cable
comparable
curable
deplorable
detestable
durable
explicable
favorable
flexible
formidable
ilimitable
imaginable
impenetrable
impregnable
improbable
inalterable
incomparable
incurable
inefable
inestimable
inevitable
inexplicable
inflamable
inimitable
insaciable
inseparable
interminable
intolerable
irreparable
irreprochable
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irrevocable
irritable
lamentable
miserable
navegable
noble
notable
presentable
probable
respetable
responsable
sociable
tolerable
variable
venerable
vulnerable
accesible
admisible
compatible
dirigible
horrible
imperceptible
imposible
incompatible
infalible
invisible
irresistible
plausible
posible
susceptible
tangible
terrible
visible
INSTRUCTOR: The fourth group of Spanish words, which are similar to English
words that you already know, end in the letters I-C. In order to change Spanish
words that end in I-C to English words, all you have to do is add the letter “O.”
Repeat the following Spanish words after the Spanish speaker:
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(Group 4 - Spanish words that end in the letters I-C which are formed by
adding the letter “O” to the end of English words)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
académico
acrobático
acuático
aeronáutico
agnóstico
alegórico
anémico
antiséptico
aristocrático
aromático
arsénico
atlántico
atómico
automático
auténtico (authentic)
autocrático
báltico
británico
burocrático
cáustico
científico (scientific)
cosmético
cromático
democrático
diabético
diagnóstico
dinámico
diplomático
dramático
drástico
económico
elástico
eléctrico
enciclopédico
enigmático
erótico
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evangélico
excéntrico
exótico
fanático
fantástico
filantrópico
filarmónico
fonético
fotográfico
gálico
geográfico
gimnástico
hipnótico
histórico
idiomático
irónico
lingüístico
litográfico
lunático
mágico
magnético
mecánico
melodramático
metálico
metalúrgico
microscópico
monástico
mosaico
narcótico
neurótico
nostálgico
óptico
optimístico
ortopédico
pacífico
paralítico
patriótico
plástico
platónico
plutocrático
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prehistórico
profético
prolífico
prosaico
público
romántico
rústico
sarcástico
sardónico
sinfónico
teutónico
tónico
tópico
trágico
transatlántico
trópico
volcánico
INSTRUCTOR: Let’s now learn about the fifth group of Spanish words, which
are similar to English words that you already know. By simply adding the letter
“e” to many English words that end in the letters E-N-T you can instantly add new
words to your Spanish vocabulary. Repeat the following Spanish words:
(Group 5 – Spanish words that are formed by adding the letter “e” to English
words that end in the letters E-N-T)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
accidente
adolescente
agente
astringente
cliente
competente
contingente
decadente
decente
diferente
eficiente
elocuente (eloquent)
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eminente
equivalente
evidente
excelente
frecuente (frequent)
impaciente
imprudente
incidente
incompetente
inconsistente
inconveniente
indecente
independiente (independent)
indiferente
indolente
indulgente
inherente
insistente
insolente
insuficiente
inteligente
irreverente
negligente
occidente
oriente
paciente (patient)
permanente
potente
precedente
presente
presidente
prominente
prudente
reciente (recent)
suficiente
superintendente
tangente
transparente
urgente
vehemente
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INSTRUCTOR: We will now cover our sixth group of Spanish words, which are
similar to English words that you already know. By simply adding the letter “e” to
many English word that end in the letters A-N-T you can instantly add new words
to your Spanish vocabulary. Repeat the following Spanish words:
(Group 6 – Spanish words that are formed by adding the letter “e” to English
words that end in the letters A-N-T)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
abundante
consonante
constante
dominante
elefante
elegante
ignorante
importante
incesante
intolerante
lubricante
radiante
restaurante
insignificante
INSTRUCTOR: Let’s now talk about our seventh group of Spanish words, which
are similar to English words that you already know. By simply adding the letter
“o” to many English words that end in the letters M-E-N-T you can add new words
to your Spanish vocabulary. Repeat the following Spanish words:
(Group 7– Spanish words that are formed by adding the letter “o” to English
words that end in the letters M-E-N-T)
SPANISH SPEAKER:
el argumento
el implemento
el monumento
el armamento
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el linimento
el fragmento
el sacramento
el sentimiento (sentiment)
el suplemento
el testamento
el temperamento
INSTRUCTOR: Now let’s do an exercise. I will say a phrase in English and then
you will translate the phrase by saying it in Spanish. The Spanish speaker will then
say the correct response in Spanish. Be sure to say the correct answer before the
Spanish speaker and then make sure that you repeat the correct answer after the
Spanish speaker in order to make sure that you develop an authentic Latin
American Spanish accent.
I will assume that you already know the following:
The Spanish word “es” means “is.” Although, there are actually two ways to say
“is” in Spanish, in this lesson we will use the Spanish word “es.” And in order to
say “is not” we will use the Spanish phrase “no es.” As a reminder, the Spanish
word “un” means “a’ or “an.”
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice? How do you say?: The cable is important.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El cable es importante.
INSTRUCTOR: The phrase ¿Cómo se dice? means “how do you say?” or “how
does one say?
INSTRUCTOR:¿Cómo se dice?: The cable is not important.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El cable no es importante.
INSTRUCTOR: Make sure that you say the correct answer before the Spanish
speaker says it. And then repeat the correct answer after the Spanish speaker in
order to make sure that you develop an authentic Latin American Spanish accent.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The animal is important.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El animal es importante.
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INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The professor is important.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El profesor es importante.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The actor is romantic.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El actor es romántico.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The actor is NOT romantic.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El actor no es romántico.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The criminal is brutal.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El criminal es brutal.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The monument is essential.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El monumento es esencial.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The festival is special.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El festival es especial.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The doctor is competent.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El doctor es competente.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The doctor is incompetent.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El doctor es incompetente.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The instructor is intelligent.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El instructor es inteligente.
INSTRUCTOR: . ¿Cómo se dice?: The hosptial is excellent.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El hospital es excelente.
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INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The cereal is horrible.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El cereal es horrible.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The restaurant is terrible.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El restaurante es terrible.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The president is sociable.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El presidente es sociable.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The cable is flexible.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El cable es flexible.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The material is durable.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El material es durable.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The president is democratic.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El presidente es democrático.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The author is cordial.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El autor es cordial.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: The lubricant is transparent.
SPANISH SPEAKER: El lubricante es transparente.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se dice?: An accident is tragic.
SPANISH SPEAKER: Un accidente es trágico.
INSTRUCTOR: You can change the above sentences into questions just by
changing the word order. For example, ¿Es sociable el presidente? means “is the
president sociable?” But in normal, everyday conversational Spanish, you are more
likely to hear Spanish speakers use the same word order as a sentence and then
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simply add a rising intonation at the end of the sentence in order to ask a question.
For example, ¿El presidente es sociable? English speakers commonly ask
questions the same way in English. For example, I can ask “is the president
sociable?” Or I can use the same word order as a sentence and add a rising
intonation at the end of the sentence in order to form a question. For example, I can
ask “the president is sociable?”
INSTRUCTOR: Let’s do another exercise. I will say a question in English and
then you will translate it by asking the same question in Spanish. Use the same
word order as a sentence but add a rising intonation at the end in order to form a
question. Make sure that you say the question in Spanish before the Spanish
speaker. And then repeat the question after the Spanish speaker in order to make
sure that you develop proper pronunciation and an authentic Latin American
Spanish accent.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta? How do you ask?: Is the cable is
important?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El cable es importante?
INSTRUCTOR: The phrase ¿Cómo se pregunta? means “how do you ask?” or
“how does one ask?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the animal important?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El animal es importante?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: The cable is not important?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El cable no es importante?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the professor important?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El profesor es importante?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the actor romantic?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El actor es romántico?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: The actor is NOT romantic?
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SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El actor no es romántico?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the criminal brutal?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El criminal es brutal?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the monument essential?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El monumento es esencial?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the festival special?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El festival es especial?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the doctor competent?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El doctor es competente?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the doctor incompetent?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El doctor es incompetente?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the instructor intelligent?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El instructor es inteligente?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the hospital excellent?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El hospital es excelente?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the cereal horrible?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El cereal es horrible?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the restaurant terrible?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El restaurante es terrible?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the president sociable?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El presidente es sociable?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the cable flexible?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El cable es flexible?
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INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the material durable?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El material es durable?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the president democratic?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El presidente es democrático?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the author cordial?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El autor es cordial?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is the lubricant transparent?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿El lubricante es transparente?
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Cómo se pregunta?: Is an accident tragic?
SPANISH SPEAKER: ¿Un accidente es trágico?
INSTRUCTOR: Let’s do another exercise. In the following exercise, I will ask a
question in Spanish. You will respond in Spanish with an affirmative answer.
Make sure that you say the correct response before the Spanish speaker. And then
repeat the correct response after the Spanish speaker in order to make sure that you
develop correct pronunciation in Spanish. As a reminder, the Spanish word for yes
is “sí” Let’s begin.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El cable es importante?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el cable es importante.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El animal es importante?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el animal es importante.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿Un accidente es trágico?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, un accidente es trágico.
INSTRUCTOR: . ¿El profesor es importante?
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SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el profesor es importante.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El actor es romántico?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el actor es romántico.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El criminal es brutal?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el criminal es brutal.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El monumento es esencial?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el monumento es esencial.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El festival es especial?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el festival es especial.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El doctor es competente?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el doctor es competente.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El doctor es incompetente?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el doctor es incompetente.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El instructor es inteligente?
SPANISH SPEAKER: Sí, el instructor es inteligente.
INSTRUCTOR: Now I want you to respond in Spanish with a negative answer.
Once again, make sure that you say the correct response before the Spanish
speaker. And then repeat the correct response after the Spanish speaker in order to
make sure that you develop correct pronunciation in Spanish. As a reminder, the
Spanish word for no is “no” Let’s begin.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El actor es romántico?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el actor no es romántico.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El hospital es excelente?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el hospital no es excelente.
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INSTRUCTOR: ¿El cereal es horrible?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el cereal no es horrible.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El restaurante es terrible?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el restaurante no es terrible.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El presidente es sociable?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el presidente no es sociable.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El cable es flexible?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el cable no es flexible.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El material es durable?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el material no es durable.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El presidente es democrático?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el presidente no es democrático.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El autor es cordial?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el autor no es cordial.
INSTRUCTOR: ¿El lubricante es transparente?
SPANISH SPEAKER: No, el lubricante no es transparente.
INSTRUCTOR: This is the end of lesson number 1 of Volcano Spanish. Repeat
this lesson as many times as it takes in order for you to feel confident speaking the
vocabulary words and phrases that you have learned in this lesson. For additional
practice, print the PDF transcript to this lesson and try forming your own sentences
and questions using the vocabulary words from this lesson. Be sure to speak out
loud when practicing, so that you improve your Spanish pronunciation.