innovative uses of lfg energy - swana fl winter conference... · innovative uses of lfg energy...

Innovative Uses of LFG Energy

Brent Dieleman

SCS Engineers

(contractor to U.S. EPA for LMOP)

Florida SWANA Winter Waste Conference

February 10, 2015

Today’s Agenda

• LMOP overview

• Status of the LFG energy industry in Florida and the U.S.

• LFG energy project types and technologies

• Innovative uses/case studies

• LMOP tools and resources

Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 1

EPA’s Landfill Methane Outreach Program

Mission: To reduce methane emissions by lowering barriers and promoting the development of cost-effective and

environmentally beneficial landfill gas energy (LFG Energy) projects.

Innovative Uses of LFG Energy

2

• Established in 1994

• Voluntary program that creates alliances among states,

energy users/providers, the landfill gas industry, and

communities

• Provides technical, promotional, and informational tools and

services to encourage LFG energy project development

Solid Waste Management Hierarchy


Landfill Gas and Green Power: A Winning Combination

• Dual benefit

o Destroys methane and other organic compounds in LFG

o Offsets use of nonrenewable resources (coal, oil, gas) and reduces emissions

• LFG is a recognized renewable energy resource

• Local, renewable source of energy

• Fosters collaboration among private and public entities

• Creates jobs during construction and continued operation

• LFG is generated 24/7 and projects have online reliability over 90%

• LFG can act as a long-term price and volatility hedge against fossil fuels


5

LFG Energy Projects and Candidate Landfills

Nationwide Summary

636 OPERATIONAL Projects(1,978 MW and 305 mmscfd)

~440 CANDIDATE Landfills(885 MW or 490 mmscfd, 40 MMTCO2e/yr Potential)

These data are from LMOP’s database as of July 22, 2014.

* Landfill is accepting waste or has been closed 5 years or less, has at least 1 mm tons of waste, and does not have an operational, under-construction, or

planned project; can also be designated based on actual interest by the site.

** LMOP does not have any information on candidate landfills in this state.

OPERATIONAL PROJECTS

CANDIDATE LANDFILLS*

State of LFG Energy in Florida

• 22 operational LFG energy projects

o124 megawatts (MW) of electrical generation in Florida from 18 landfills

o4.6 million standard cubic feet per day of LFG generated from 4 landfills

• 13 Candidate Landfills that potentially could support an LFG energy project.

oAbout 52 MW of electricity could be generated from these landfills using LFG


Operational LFG Energy Projects in Florida

• Baseline Landfill - Ocala • Brevard County Central Disposal

Facility - Cocoa • East Duval SLF - Jacksonville • Hernando County Northwest Landfill -

Brooksville • Jacksonville North SLF - Jacksonville • Lena Road Class 1 Landfill - Bradenton • Monarch Hill Landfill – Pompano Beach • Naples Landfill – Naples • North Central Landfill – Winter Haven • Orange County SLF - Orlando

• Osceola Landfill - Geneva • Perdido LF – Cantonment • Saint Lucie County SLF Phase 1 – Fort

Pierce • South Dade Solid Waste Disposal

Facility – Homestead • Springhill Regional Landfill –

Campbellton • Tomoka Farms Road LF – Port Orange • Trail Ridge Landfill Inc. – Baldwin • Zemel Road Landfill – Punta Gorda


Direct-Use • Highlands County Solid Waste Management Center – Sebring • Lena Road Class 1 Landfill - Bradenton • PBCSWA RRF Site #7 – West Palm Beach • Saint Lucie County SLF Phase 1 – Fort Pierce

Electricity

Planned LFG Energy Projects in Florida

• Central County Solid Waste Disposal Complex – Nokomis

o Project type: “unknown”

• North Dade Landfill – Opa-Locka

o Project type: reciprocating engine

• PBCSWA RRF Site #7 – West Palm Beach

o Project type: gas turbine

• Saint Cloud City LF Class 1 – Saint Cloud

o Project type: CNG


“Candidate” Landfills in Florida

• Bridge way Acres LF – St. Petersburg • Citrus County Central Landfill – Lecanto • Hillsborough Heights LF – Seffner • Indian River County LF Class 1 – Vero Beach • J.E.D. Solid Waste Management Facility – St. Cloud • Leon County Landfill – Tallahassee • Martin County Palm City II SLF – Palm City • Medley Landfill – Medley • New River Regional LF – Raiford • Okeechobee LF – Okeechobee • Putnam County Central SLF – Palatka • Southeast Hillsborough County LF – Lithia • West Nassau SLF - Callahan


LFG Incentives

• LFG is eligible as a renewable resource for 37 states and District of Columbia

• Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) – requires utilities to supply a percentage of power from renewable resources

o 29 states plus District of Columbia have an RPS

o Florida currently does not have an RPS

• Production Tax Credit • Extended by Congress in December 2014 to cover projects under construction

by January 1, 2015

• Additional Resources:

• Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency www.dsireusa.org

• LMOP Funding Guide www.epa.gov/lmop


http://www.dsireusa.org/

http://www.epa.gov/lmop

Market Overview & Industry Trends

• 300% increase in LFG energy projects from 1995 to 2013

• Electricity projects continue to dominate

• Development of direct-use projects have slowed

• Increasing interest in conversion to alternative fuel

• Corporate sector interest challenged with low gas prices and financial constraints

• Low carbon and REC prices in most of the country

• Maturing industry – consolidations within waste companies and project developers

11 Innovative Uses of LFG Energy

Diversity of Project Types Using LFG

• Electric Generation (~75% of all projects)

o Reciprocating engines

o Turbines

o Microturbines

o Combined heat & power (CHP)

• Direct-Use (~25% of all projects) o Boiler applications

o Direct thermal (dryers, kilns)

o Natural gas pipeline injection

Medium & high Btu

o Greenhouses

o Leachate evaporation

o Vehicle fuel (LNG, CNG)


Pottery Studio, NC

LFG-fired Boiler Ft. Wayne, IN

LFG Has Been Used to Help Produce…

• Fiberglass, nylon, and paper

• Furthering space exploration

• Garden plants • Green power • Ice cream, milk, and tea • Infrared heat • Juice (apple, cranberry,

orange) • Pharmaceuticals • Snack food • Soy-based products • Steel • Tomatoes (hydroponic)


• Aluminum • Alternative fuels

(biodiesel, CNG, ethanol, and LNG)

• Aquaculture • Arts & crafts

(blacksmithing, ceramics) • Biosolids (drying) • Bricks and concrete • Carpet • Cars and trucks • Chemicals • Chocolate • Consumer goods and

containers • Denim • Electronics

Project Types and Technologies

• Power production/cogeneration

• Direct use of medium-Btu gas

• Production of high-Btu gas


Electricity Generation

• 75% of all LFG energy projects produce electricity

• Common technologies include:

o Internal combustion engines

o Gas turbines

o Microturbines


Direct Use

• 25% of all LFG energy projects

• LFG is piped to nearby end-user and used in boiler or other industrial process

• Limited treatment is required

• Ideal gas end-user will require a steady gas flow compatible with the landfill’s gas flow


High-Btu Gas Production

• Refers to increasing the CH4 content of the gas and decreasing CO2

• Common uses of high-Btu gas:

o Injection into natural gas pipeline

o Production of vehicle fuel (CNG, LNG)

• Typically more expensive

• Process may achieve economies of scale

17


LFG Treatment

• Treatment requirements depend on end-use of the LFG: o Direct use – minimal treatment o Electricity – treatment to remove contaminants that might damage

engines/turbines o High-Btu – extensive treatment required

• Primary treatment o Dewatering and filtration to remove moisture and particulates o More common - compression and cooling to remove water vapor and

humidity

• Secondary treatment o Greater gas cleaning o Removal of siloxanes and sulfur


2013 Project of the Year:

Category: Electricity

Blue Ridge Renewable Energy Plant

Scotland, PA

• 6.4 MW of power is generated from four Caterpillar 3520 engines

• Project provides 15% of Borough’s electric needs


Electricity – Off-Site Combined Heat & Power

La Crosse County LF & Gundersen

Health System LFG Electric Energy

and CHP Project, WI

• The county benefits from the revenue stream and the LF received a “Green Tier” status from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

• 2-mile pipeline delivers LFG to Gundersen for electricity generation and on-site production of heat and hot water

• The project simple payback is currently estimated at approximately 8 years



Electricity – Combined Cooling, Heat, and Power

Hickory Ridge Landfill & Coca Cola

Conley, GA

• A 6-mile pipeline and 3 CAT engines were permitted in a severe ozone non-attainment area

• LFG provides a continuous supply of renewable electricity, steam, and chilled water to the Coca-Cola Atlanta Syrup Branch facility

• Generates 5.7 MW of power with potential for increased production that could lead to supplying nearly all of the plant’s energy needs


Direct Use

Seward County Landfill

Liberal, KS

• Project is a public/private partnership with National Beef

• 70 scfm of LFG is piped 1,500 feet to wastewater lagoon

• LFG and gas from covered lagoon is captured and used to fuel boilers at National Beef



Alternative Fuel - CNG

Seminole Road Landfill Renewable Fuels

Facility, Ellenwood, GA • CNG project utilizes

excess LFG that is generated at the site

• Project replaced 40 old diesel fueled vehicles with new CNG-burning waste collection vehicles

• Energy products produced from LFG include:

• Electricity

• RNG

• CNG

• Facility includes a Renewable Energy Center and fueling station


Alternative Fuel – CNG

St. Landry Parish Landfill CNG Project, LA

• County uses the technology developed by BioCNG and uses local LFG to create vehicle fuel

• Project is planning an expansion in 2015

• Converts 50 scfm of LFG into 250 gallons of gasoline equivalent per day of compressed natural gas

• CNG is used to fuel government vehicles including Sheriff department cars, light duty trucks, and the solid waste district utility trucks


LMOP Direct Project Assistance

• Analyze landfill resource – gas modeling

• Identify potential matches – LMOP Locator

• Assess landfill and end user facilities

• Initial feasibility analyses – LFGcost

• Look at project possibilities

o Direct-use

o Combined Heat & Power

o Electric

o Alternative Fuels


LFGcost – Example Inputs and Outputs

File Last Updated: May 2010

LMOP Locator – Example End User Search Report

LMOP Tools and Services

• Website: www.epa.gov/lmop

• Direct project assistance

• Technical and outreach publications

• Project and candidate landfill database

• Network of 1,000+ Partners

• Listserv

• Support for ribbon cuttings/other public relations

• Presentations at conferences

• State training workshops


http://www.epa.gov/lmop/

Becoming an LMOP Partner

• Voluntary

• Select program category

• Complete and submit MOU

o Online at www.epa.gov/lmop

o Include high-resolution logo

• Receipt of a welcome packet

• General responsibilities

o Partner – designate a point of contact, provide updated information on landfill and LFG energy project

o LMOP – provide technical support via assistance and publications


http://www.epa.gov/lmop

LMOP National LFG Energy Workshop


• LMOP is collaborating with SWANA to organize the workshop in conjunction with their upcoming 38th Annual Landfill Gas & Biogas Symposium

• Half-day workshop on Thursday, March 19, 2015 in New Orleans, Louisiana

• Workshop will highlight recent successes in LFG energy projects and recognize the 2014 LMOP Project and Partner of the Year awardees

Preliminary agenda is available at:

www.epa.gov/lmop/workshops/nationalworkshop.html

Online registration is open!

www.tradeshowregistrar.com/regsystem18/?event=swana2015

http://www.epa.gov/lmop/workshops/nationalworkshop.html

https://www.tradeshowregistrar.com/regsystem18/?event=swana2015

For More Information www.epa.gov/lmop/contact.html

http://www.epa.gov/lmop/contact.html

Contact Information

Brent Dieleman

SCS Engineers

Contractor to U.S. EPA for LMOP

703.471.6150

[email protected]


mailto:[email protected]

innovative uses of lfg energy - swana fl winter conference... · innovative uses of lfg energy...

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