Ink as a SubstrateInk as a Substrateinin

Flexible Packaging LaminationsFlexible Packaging Laminations

Presented by:Presented by:

Bruce FosterBruce Foster

Mica Mica CorporationCorporation

IOPP Technical Bag CommitteeIOPP Technical Bag CommitteeWinter 2013 MeetingWinter 2013 Meeting

Better Understand Effects of:Better Understand Effects of:Ink “Type” (polymer base)Ink “Type” (polymer base)

Ink ColorInk Color

On Adhesion in On Adhesion in Extrusion LaminationsExtrusion Laminations

(with (with PRIMERSPRIMERS, of course!), of course!)

12-micron polyester film – 1-side 12-micron polyester film – 1-side factory treatedfactory treated

Inks – solvent-based, toluene-Inks – solvent-based, toluene-freefree

3 chemistries – 3 chemistries –

Vinyl-modified Vinyl-modified polyurethanepolyurethane

Modified-polyamideModified-polyamide

Modified-polyurethaneModified-polyurethane

12-micron polyester film – 1-side 12-micron polyester film – 1-side factory treatedfactory treated

Inks – 3 chemistries Inks – 3 chemistries

Primers – Water-BasedPrimers – Water-Based

2 chemistries – 2 chemistries –

Polyethylene-iminePolyethylene-imine

PolyurethanePolyurethane

Lab Experiments – Set ILab Experiments – Set I1.1. Ink draw-downs on polyester Ink draw-downs on polyester

film:film:

Different types & colorsDifferent types & colors2.2. Prime over “printed” samples:Prime over “printed” samples:

Polyethylene-imine based Polyethylene-imine based extrusion primerextrusion primer

3.3. Extrusion-coat on lab pilot Extrusion-coat on lab pilot line:line:

High-temperature High-temperature polyethylenepolyethylene

12-micron polyester film (corona-treated)ink

40-micron polyethylene @ high temperature primer

Lab Experiments – Set ILab Experiments – Set I

Bond0.04 white 0.04 black 0.04 white over black 0.08 white 0.08 black 0.08 white over black0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Bon

d, g

/25m

m

Primer dry gsm, ink color

Polyethylene-Imime Primerover Modified Polyurethane Inks

12-micron polyester film (corona-treated)Ink lift-off

Polyethylene-imine Primer over Vinyl-Modifed Polyurethane Inks

0

50

100

150

200

250

0.04 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.08

Primer gsm / Ink Color

Bo

nd

, g/2

5mm

All Samples - Ink lift-off

Polyethylene-imine Primerover Modified Polyamide Inks

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

white

white +

blu

e

white+b

lue+

mag

enta

white

white +

blu

e

white+b

lue+

mag

enta

0.04 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.08

Primer gsm / Ink Color

Bo

nd

, g/2

5mm

Ink lift-off

Ink Splits

Lab Experiments – Set ILab Experiments – Set I1.1. Modified Polyamide Inks had Modified Polyamide Inks had

best adhesion to polyester best adhesion to polyester filmfilm

2.2. Polyethylene-imine primer Polyethylene-imine primer works with all inks testedworks with all inks tested

3. White inks had lowest 3. White inks had lowest adhesion to filmsadhesion to films

Lab Experiments – Set IILab Experiments – Set II1.1. Pre-prime polyester filmPre-prime polyester film

Both imine and urethane Both imine and urethane primersprimers

2.2. Print over primed samples:Print over primed samples: Vinyl-modified polyurethane Vinyl-modified polyurethane

inksinks

4. Extrusion-coat on lab pilot line:4. Extrusion-coat on lab pilot line: High-temperature High-temperature

polyethylenepolyethylene

3. Prime over printed samples:3. Prime over printed samples: Both imine and urethane Both imine and urethane

primersprimers

12-micron polyester film (corona-treated)

Vinyl-modified polyurethane inks

40-micron polyethylene @ high temperature primer

Lab Experiments – Set IILab Experiments – Set II

primer

Results – Set IIaResults – Set IIa

ImineImine WhiteWhite ImineImine >500>500 InseparableInseparable

ImineImine BlueBlue ImineImine ~400~400 Film TearFilm Tear

ImineImine White White on blueon blue

ImineImine 9393 Ink lift-offInk lift-off

ImineImine WhiteWhite UrethaneUrethane ~400~400 Film TearFilm Tear

ImineImine BlueBlue UrethaneUrethane >500>500 InseparableInseparable

ImineImine White White on blueon blue

UrethaneUrethane >500>500 InseparableInseparable

Pre-Pre-PrimerPrimer

InkInkColorColor

Post-Post-PrimerPrimer

Bonds,Bonds,g/25mmg/25mm

Failure ModeFailure Mode

Results – Set IIbResults – Set IIb

UrethaneUrethane WhiteWhite ImineImine ~200~200 Ink lift-offInk lift-off

UrethaneUrethane BlueBlue ImineImine >500>500 InseparableInseparable

UrethaneUrethane White White on blueon blue

ImineImine >500>500 InseparableInseparable

UrethaneUrethane WhiteWhite UrethaneUrethane ~170~170 Ink lift-offInk lift-off

UrethaneUrethane BlueBlue UrethaneUrethane >500>500 InseparableInseparable

UrethaneUrethane White White on blueon blue

UrethaneUrethane >500>500 InseparableInseparable

Pre-PrimerPre-Primer InkInkColorColor

Post-Post-PrimerPrimer

Bonds,Bonds,g/25mmg/25mm

Failure ModeFailure Mode

Lab Experiments – Set IILab Experiments – Set II1.1. Pre-priming works for vinyl-Pre-priming works for vinyl-

modifed polyurethane inks! modifed polyurethane inks!

2.2. Both primer chemistries gave Both primer chemistries gave mostly good resultsmostly good results

3. Polyethylene-imine pre-primer 3. Polyethylene-imine pre-primer was best for white ink was best for white ink adhesionadhesion

Lab Experiments – Set ILab Experiments – Set I

1.1. Modified Polyamide Inks had Modified Polyamide Inks had best adhesion to polyester best adhesion to polyester filmfilm

2.2. Polyethylene-imine primer Polyethylene-imine primer works with all inks testedworks with all inks tested

3. White inks had lowest 3. White inks had lowest adhesion to filmsadhesion to films

P.T. Colorpak Indonesia, Tbk.P.T. Colorpak Indonesia, Tbk.

Jonida Gjika – Lab ChemistJonida Gjika – Lab Chemist

Mica CorporationMica Corporation

TAPPI PLACETAPPI PLACE

Bruce FosterBruce Fosterbfoster@mica-corp.combfoster@mica-corp.com

Thanks, for your Thanks, for your attention!attention!