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Infections in Peripheral ArterialDisease

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), also known as peripheral artery disease

(PAD) or peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD), includes all diseasescaused by the obstruction of large arteries in the arms and legs. PVD canresult from atherosclerosis, inflammatory processes leading to stenosis, anembolism or thrombus formation. It causes either acute or chronic ischemia(lack of blood supply), typically of the legs.

Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in the arterial wall of patients with peripheralvascular disease. J Gutierrez, J Linares-Palomino, C Lopez-Espada, MRodriguez, E Ros, G Piedrola, MC del Maroto. Infection 2001Aug;29(4):196-200. 71 PAOD patients vs. 50 varicose controls, p< 0.0001.

Gutierrez - Infection 2001 abstract / PubMedGutierrez / Doctor's Guide News 2001

Cystatin C and incident peripheral arterial disease events in the elderly:results from the Cardiovascular Health Study. AM O'Hare, AB Newman, R Katz,LF Fried, CO Stehman-Breen, SL Seliger, DS Siscovick, MG Shlipak. ArchIntern Med 2005 Dec 12-26;165(22):2666-2670. "The association of cystatinC, a novel marker of renal function, with risk for developing complicationsrelated to peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has not been examined.METHODS: We evaluated the hypothesis that a high cystatin C concentration

is independently associated with future PAD events among 4025 participantsin the Cardiovascular Health Study who underwent serum cystatin Cmeasurement at the 1992-1993 visit and who did not have PAD at baseline.The association of cystatin C quintiles with time to first lower-extremity PADprocedure (bypass surgery, angioplasty, or amputation) was evaluated usingmultivariable proportional hazards models. Secondary analyses wereconducted using quintiles of serum creatinine level and estimated glomerularfiltration rate (eGFR). RESULTS: The annualized risk of undergoing aprocedure for PAD was 0.43% per year among participants in the highestcystatin C quintile (>1.27 mg/L) compared with 0.21% per year or less in all

other quintiles. After multivariable adjustment for known risk factors for PAD,elevated cystatin C levels remained associated with the outcome (hazard ratio,2.5 for highest vs lowest quintile of cystatin C, 95% confidence interval,1.2-5.1). The highest quintiles of serum creatinine level and eGFR were notassociated with future PAD events in either unadjusted or adjusted analyses.CONCLUSION: Elevated concentrations of cystatin C were independentlypredictive of incident PAD events among community-dwelling elderly

nfection in Peripheral Arterial Disease http://www.smokershistory.com/arterdis.h

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patients."

O'Hare / Arch Intern Med 2005 full article

[Role of chronic infection and heat shock proteins in peripheral arterialdisease]. M Rabczyski, R Adamiec. Przegl Lek 2007;64(6):419-422. 31patients with peripheral arterial disease or with diabetic macroangiopathy, 11healthy volunteers. "Statistic analysis showed anti-C. pneumoniae IgG (p