industrial psychology 1.2

8/7/2019 Industrial Psychology 1.2

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` Industry

` How you know who is worker/employee andemployer

` Work Environment-Physical and Culture , Climate` Problems faced by both parties

` Psychology and Applied Psychology

` I-O Psychology-What ? Why ? How?

` Examples-advertisement , product design,packaging , layout and controls of product,environment.


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` Also known as I-O Psychology, work

psychology, organizational, occupational,

personnel psychology or talent assessment.

` Applies to organizations - for- profit businesses,non-profits, government agencies, and colleges

and universities.

` Psychologists contribute to an organization's

success by improving the performance and well-being of its people.


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` The branch of applied psychology that is

concerned with efficient management of an

industrial labour force and problems

encountered by them in a mechanizedenvironment.

` Conducts scientific study of behaviour and

cognitive processes in relation to the workingenvironment.


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` Application of the methods, facts and principles

of the science of behavior and mental processes

to people at work.

` As a science, it relies on observation andexperimentation.

` Deals with overt human behavior-that can be

observed objectively.

` Focuses to varying degrees on the psychologyof the workforce.


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` Focuses on-recruitment, selection, training,

performance appraisal, job satisfaction, work

behaviour, stress at work and more.

` They research and identifies how behavioursand attitudes can be improved through hiring

practices, training programs, and feedback

systems.

` Tries to solve causation of behavior, individual

differences , attitudes.


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` Guion (1965) defines I-O psychology as "the

scientific study of the relationship between man

and the world of work:... in the process of

making a living" .` Blum and Naylor (1968) define it as "simply the

application or extension of psychological facts

and principles to the problems concerning

human beings operating within the context ofbusiness and industry.


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` The "industrial" side of I-O psychology has its

origins in research on individual differences,

assessment, and the prediction of performance.

` This branch of the field crystallized during WorldWar I-need to rapidly assign new troops to duty

stations.

` After the War the growing industrial base in the

US added impetus to I-O psychology.


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` Walter Dill Scott was elected President of theAmerican Psychological Association (APA) in 1919and the most prominent I-O psychologist of histime.

` James McKeen Cattell (elected APA President in1895) and Hugo Mnsterberg (1898) wereinfluential in the early development of the field.

` Organizational psychology gained prominenceafter World War II, influenced by the Hawthorne

studies and the work of researchers such as KurtLewin and Muzafer Sherif.


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` conducts studies on organizational behaviour andworker-management interactions.

` analyse corporate culture and individual /groupinteractions.

` develop and evaluate employee selection andappraisal techniques.

` assess corporate leadership and employeemotivation strategies.

` identify causes ofand resolutions tointernal

conflicts.` advise management of the potential psychological

and social impact of corporate policies.


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` Primary Tool-influential throughout career.

` Serves two masters-employees and employer.

` Sensitive-misunderstanding causes more harm

than good.` Science of Behavior and cognitive process.

` Influences decisions and induces action-e.g.

consumer products through advertisement.

` Objective in its approach and results.


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` Observes behavior by using science: objectively,

dispassionately and systematically.

` Studies intangible qualities- motives, emotions,

needs , perception , thoughts and feelings.` Affects behavior, attitude.

` Involves application of methods, facts and

principles of psychology to employees.


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` Recruitment and selection process.

` Designing Performance management System

and evaluation.

` Training and Development.` Organization climate.

` Work Environment and conditions.

` Safety, violence and health.

` Motivation,Emotion,perception and morale.


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` Job satisfaction and involvement.

` Surveys , Assessments and Psychological testing.

` Organizational Leadership.

` Career planning and development.

` Stress in workplace.

` Engineering Psychology.

` Consumer Psychology.

` Play role in developing advertising and marketing

techniques.


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` To select right person for the right job.

` To assess performance and help develop skills

and competencies.

` To train and develop employees.

` To motivate employees.

` To improve employee morale.

` To develop good working conditions.` To increase productivity , efficiency and profits.


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` To develop human relations skill.

` To inculcate sense of responsibility, belongingness

and commitment.

` To develop sense of security and satisfaction.

` To encounter absenteeism.

` To reduce Turnover , grievances and labor

disputes.

` To handle work slowdowns , faulty products and

accidents.


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` Fraudulent Practitioners

` Credentials and Certification

`

Difficulty of translatingTechnical Jargons

` Resistance to new ideas of managers and

workers

` Research v/s Application-necessity of balancing

research and timely solutions


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` Virtual workplace

` Virtual employees

`

Workers Involvement` Changing technology and skills

` Diversity issues


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` Search on net for self study.

industrial psychology 1.2

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