Indonesia

Solid Waste Management Improvement Project for Regional and Metropolitan Cities

(P127134)

English Summary Sheet for the Bahasa Indonesia Environmental Impact Assessment

Report

City of Sekber Kartamantul Landfill - TPA Piyungan

Background

1. The attached report is the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Sekber Kartamantul1

Landfill. The landfill known as TPA Piyagun, is operated by the Yogyakarta Special Administrative

Region, jointly managed by Yogyakarta City, Sleman Regency, and Bantul Regency, and coordinated by the joint secretariat (aka Sekber), Kartamantul since 1995. Piyagun landfill is situated approximately

12km southeast of the center of Yogyakarta City, located close to the village of Sitimulyo, in Piyungan

District of Bantul Regency. The landfill is operated by representatives of these three local governments on a three year basis, rotating between the three authority areas and it is currently with Bantul. It is

approximately 12.5ha and was originally filled in three zones, where: Zone I has an area of 4 hectares,

Zone II has an area of 3 hectares and Zone III has an area of 3 hectares. The remaining 2.5ha includes the

site office, reception facilities, leachate treatment facility, garages etc.

2. The EIA report was prepared by the City of Yogyakarta and approved by the national

environmental agency in July 30, 2008.

3. TPA Piyungan is one of the project sites for the Indonesia Solid Waste Management

Improvement Project for Regional and Metropolitan Cities (the project, P127134) and the attached EIA

Report provides initial baseline and critical design information for this site. Therefore, the attached EIA report is one of the documents in a package of safeguards documents, used to appraise the project.

4. The attached EIA report covers the environmental impacts and the intended management practice at the time rehabilitation and installation of gas recovery systems works for TPA Piyungan was being

planned.

5. The main environmental concerns on TPA Piyungan are: (i) levels of leachate treatment at the landfills and the effluent is in non-compliance with the Indonesian wastewater discharge standards for

their respective receiving waters; (ii) possible groundwater pollution due to poor facilities’ design and

inadequate/lack of equipment (aerators, insufficient filter capacity, leaking pipes that discharge near a stream at the landfill boundary rather than into the treatment works), improper solid waste and leachate

containment (e.g. no liner and drainage system), having poor site protection and achieving limited

treatment; (iii) air pollution due to odor and to lack of proper landfill gas management system, thus, enhancing GHGs generation during the decomposition of waste, which are released to the atmosphere.

1 Sekber Kartamantul is the joint secretariat that administers the shared (i.e. regional) landfill facility for the three neighboring

local governments of the Kabupaten Bantul, Kabupaten Sleman and the City of Yogyakarta. The three local governments are all

located in the Yogyakarta Special Administrative Region, of Central Java, and have a combined population of 2.4million people

(2012).

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Further, there are overall EH&S concerns at the transfer stations and intermediate treatment facilities for

operators, waste pickers and other citizens living in the vicinity, as there is lack of standard operating procedures for the entire SWM system and no public awareness on EHS aspects (e.g., staff are not

wearing safety gear), iv) In addition a large number of cows - with estimates varying from five hundred to

more than one thousand - can be found on TPA Piyungan. The removal of livestock from the landfill is a

potential livelihood issue for the owners.

6. An Environmental Audit is being prepared to review the current status of TPA Piyagun. An Addendum to the attached EIA is also being prepared that will specifically address the project related

impacts and management plans.

7. A project wide Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), site specific Social Assessments and site

specific Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs) are also being prepared to specifically address the project

needs.

8. The full lists of documents in the safeguards package for the project are listed here in Table 1.0

Project Information

9. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to support improvements to solid waste

management systems and services to residents, in the participating cities through selective interventions in

waste minimization, separation, treatment and disposal.

10. The direct beneficiaries would be the governments of the four cities, Balikpapan, Manado,

Tangerang and Sekber Kartamantul2 that are participating in the project, particularly the agencies

responsible for solid waste management in each city.

11. More broadly, the ultimate beneficiaries would be the residents of these cities who will receive much improved solid waste services. These include the poor, in whose communities these facilities are

mostly hosted and who are often the ones working and earning a living from this sector.

12. The PDO will be achieved through the implementation of the following project components.

13. Component A: Improvements in Solid Waste Management Systems ($110m), these funds would be on-granted to the participating municipalities and would finance the following sub-component

activities:

14. Sub-Component A1 - Landfill Sites - the re-engineering to optimize disposal and/or

rehabilitation and/or closure of existing landfill/disposal sites, construction of new state of the art sanitary

landfill cells within the existing landfill area (equipped with leachate treatment plants, heavy equipment such as compactors and bulldozers, facilities for staff/operator).

15. Sub-Component A2 - Intermediate Treatment Facilities – these could be on landfill sites or at intermediate/transfer sites. Financing would be for waste treatment systems (such as Material Recovery

Facilities (MRF), composting plants, anaerobic digesters, landfill gas to energy/flaring plants, refuse

derived fuels (RDF) and or other treatment systems as appropriate) and transfer stations.

2 Sekber Kartamantul - is the joint administration for the regional facility, shared by the City of Yogyakarta, and the

Regencies of Sleman and Bantul.

16. Sub-Component A3 - 3Rs Systems - The 3R approach (reduce, reuse, recycle) will be

incorporated in the design and infrastructure works to minimize waste generation rates at the household level and local markets, and subsequently lowering collection, transfer and disposal costs, and extending

the life of the landfills. The 3R’s approach is based on a Waste Bank ( Bank Sampah) methodology

providing direct services to the poor This sub-component will finance activities to further strengthen and increase coverage of this approach in participating local governments, particularly in the poor areas of the

participating cities. A Results-Based Financing (RBF) mechanism is also being designed and integrated

into this sub-component to incentivize achievement for higher performance of this 3R’s approach. The

RBF scheme will provide incentive payments retroactively to encourage waste diversion from landfills, and so will extend the life of the landfill, and will encourage recycling and reuse of waste.

17. Component B: Implementation Support and Advisory Services ($30m). This component is expected to be co-financed by donor grants. The GoI has agreed to request support from SECO

3 to

finance this component.

18. Sub-Component B1 – Implementation Support ($27.5m) - will (i) finance detailed

Engineering Designs (DED’s) as needed, the technical assistance and support required to implement the

project, and to put in place a strengthened institutional framework required for a more sustainable operations and maintenance system going forward, (ii) provide support to establish a country-wide

carbon/climate finance activity for the solid waste management sector as a whole to coordinate market-

based carbon revenue generation opportunities, and (iii) include funding for setting up a publically accessible information based National Solid Waste Benchmarking System (NSWBS).

19. Sub-Component B2 – Management Systems ($2.5m) will finance information based management systems in each participating city.

20. Component C: Social Development Component ($5m). This component will address the social needs of waste pickers and affected host community members, including owners of livestock. Challenges

related to resettlement/land acquisition and the potential loss of livelihood for waste pickers and livestock

owners will be comprehensively addressed to help improve their social development outcomes. This

component will not finance any physical investments or works associated with landfill workers or livestock, as these need to be integrated into the landfill operations as a whole and are thus included in

Component A. This component will finance training, continuous consultations with affected households,

participatory activities and potentially a fund to address major social concerns during project implementation. As with Component B, this component is also expected to be co-financed by the same

donor grants.

21. Project Costs and Financing

.

Project

Component

Preliminary Cost Estimates

Source of Financing

(US$ millions)

IDR trillions US$ millions GoI IBRD Source TBC

by Appraisal

A

0.9900 110.00 10.00 95.00 -

B

0.270 30.00 25.00 - 10.00

C

0.045 5.00 - 5.00

Total 1.305 145.00 35.00 100.00 10.00

22. Project Specific Environmental and Social Safeguards Issues – The project triggers the

following World Bank safeguards policies;

Environmental Assessment OP4.01

Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12

23. Consistent with the requirements of OP4.01, the project has been assigned an EA

Category A.

24. The project is expected to have important significant positive environmental impacts in the participating cities as investments to improve waste collection, transportation and disposal infrastructure

are made, as the institutions that provide and regulate this service are reformed and the quality of this

service begins to improve overtime. These positive impacts will gradually begin to occur as coverage and

collection rates increase, improvements to landfill operations are realized especially from the introduction of sanitary conditions and better functioning leachate treatment systems that comply with best practice

effluent standards, and larger waste volumes are treated through appropriate technological solutions.

25. These improvements in the service and the associated positive impacts will ultimately lower the

public health risk profile of the cities and may possibly begin to halt and even begin to reverse the

environmental damage that has been the legacy of the sector for too long in these participating cities. Public awareness among city residents about the importance of proper waste separation, recycling and

disposal will be required for these benefits to be realized.

26. Notwithstanding, the proposed project will have adverse environmental impacts arising primarily

during the construction stage (Component A) when activities such as, (i) upgrading existing sanitary

landfills through rehabilitation of leachate treatment systems and waste treatment plants (e.g., anaerobic digesters, RDF) and (ii) excavations of old waste and construction of new sanitary cells including

installation of landfill gas collection within the same premises are going on. These construction activities

may led to the temporary air, land and water (surface and ground) pollution as potentially harmful

substances are moved around and released, especially as most of these landfill sites have suffered years of environmental pollution.

27. Environmental concerns will also arise during the operations and maintenance stage, albeit far less severe that during the construction stage. While most of these impacts are expected to be contained

within and around the sites where they occur, some impacts, such as air pollution impacts could be more

widespread.

28. Involuntary Resettlement: Land acquisition and/or physical resettlement may be necessary for

some investments related to the expansion of collection sites.

29. Impacts on Livelihoods: Project interventions including landfill engineering, expansion and

intermediate treatment facilities (ITF) will potentially have negative livelihood implications for waste

pickers, small-scale buyers and host communities.

30. Livestock: In addition a large number of cows - with estimates varying from five hundred to

more than one thousand - can be found on TPA Piyungan. The removal of livestock from the landfill is a potential livelihood issue for the owners, and mitigation measures will be developed.

Table 1 – Summary of Safeguards Package of Documents

4 Attached to this summary sheet

Safeguards

Document

Balikpapan

Manado

Sekber

Kartamantul

Tangerang

4Original Andal

(EA) produced

when landfill sites

were first developed

and the Revised

Andal

Addendum to EA

Report above

Environment Audit

Report

Revised and

Updated RKL and

RPL

Social Assessment

(SA)

Resettlement Policy

Framework

(RPF)

Livelihood

Restoration Plan

(LRP)

Livestock

Management Plan

(LMP)

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