Imperialism in Asia

Imperialism in AsiaWhat is required for a nation to be industrialize?

What is the incentive for a nation to industrialize?1. Factors of Production LandLaborCapital Entrepreneurs2. Political Stability3. Transportation Network4. Trading Markets 1. Wealth2. Power & Nationalism 3. Spreading of Culture

-The age of increased out-put of machine made goods.

-The policy of setting up colonies & building up empires by dominating another nation economically

DefinitionCausesExamples Agricultural Revolution Increase demand for goods Inventions Ambition Industrial Revolution Need Resources Need Trading Markets Religion Nationalism

ENGLANDU.S.A.JAPANGERMANY3IMPERIALISM

Main Idea Technological superiority allowed European nations to dominate non-developed areas and establish global empires.

Portuguese and Spanish Trade and Colonization in Asia

6Alfonso de Albuquerque emerged as the Portuguese colonial viceroy most instrumental in consolidating Portugal's holdings in Africa and in Asia. Seized Goa in India, which enabled him to gradually consolidate control of most of the commercial traffic between Europe and Asia, largely through trade; Europeans started to carry on trade from forts, acting as foreign merchants rather than as settlers. Portuguese monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean7Portuguese monopolyBecause of high profits from another expedition, the Portuguese established a permanent base south of the Indian trade port of Calicut The Portuguese soon acquired a monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean.His first objective was Malacca, which controlled the narrow strait through which most Far Eastern trade moved. Captured in 1511, Malacca became the springboard for further eastward penetration; several years later the first trading posts were established in the Moluccas, or "Spice Islands," which was the source for some of the world's most hotly demanded spices. By 1516, the first Portuguese ships had reached Canton on the southern coasts of China.

8By 1557, the Portuguese gained a permanent base in China at Macau, which they held until 1999. The Portuguese, based at Goa and Malacca, had now established a lucrative maritime empire in the Indian Ocean meant to monopolize the spice trade. The Portuguese also began a channel of trade with the Japanese, becoming the first recorded Westerners to have visited Japan. This contact introduced Christianity and fire-arms into Japan.Portuguese monopoly9The Decline of Portugal's Asian empireOther Western European powers. Envious of Portugal's control of trade routes, other Western European nations mainly Netherlands, France, and England began to send in rival expeditions to Asia. In 1642, the Dutch drove the Portuguese out of the Gold Coast in Africa, the source of the bulk of Portuguese slave laborers, leaving this rich slaving area to other Europeans, especially the Dutch and the English.10Portuguese maritime supremacy was lost to the Dutch in the 17th century. However, they still clung to Macau, and settled a new colony on the island of Timor.It was as recent as the 1960s and 1970s that the Portuguese began to relinquish their colonies in Asia. Goa was invaded by India in 1961 and became an Indian state in 1987; East Timor was abandoned in 1975 and was then invaded by Indonesia. It became an independent nation in 2002; and Macau was handed over to the Chinese as per a treaty in 1999.The Decline of Portugal's Asian empire11British Imperialism in India MAIN IDEA The Sepoy Mutiny resulted in the British gaining full control of India. Prior to 1850, Chinese & Japanese rulers allowed only limited trade with the West. European powers turned attention on India

Background 1700 Once powerful Mogul Empire was falling apart1760s England won the French-Indian War; forcing France out of IndiaBritish East Indian Company took over trading in India Company controlled much of India for 100-yearsBritish forced their culture on India

INDIA Sepoy Rebellion (1857)Indians felt that British were trying to change their cultureEconomic problems & sense of nationalism increased resentmentSepoy soldiers mutinied & refused to accept new rifle British response Jail opponentsSepoys united & led a rebellionBritish East India Company & British company united to regain control

Sepoy Indian soldier in the British ArmySepoy Rebellion (1857)Religious differences & weak leadership doomed IndiaOUTCOME British fully controlled IndiaIndian nationalist movements beginBritish East India Company removed from power

British Imperialism in China1800sAfter years of imbalanced trading with China, England looked to find a product that Chinese were willing to purchase. British Traders discovered that Opium Trade = Large ProfitsBritish traded Opium for tea & silk LARGE PROFITS

Chinese officials learned about the dangers of opium & looked to declare it illegal.

Ill effect of opium to the ChineseBritish Imperialism in China Opium Wars The British East India Company smuggled opium into China, ignoring local laws. China fiercely resisted the sale of opium & pleaded for Britain to stop. CausesOutcomesFacts Britain wonChina forced to give up trading postChina unable to hold foreigners accountable under Chinese laws Two wars fought England easily defeated ChinaGreatly weakened China Lin Zexu led movement against sale of opium Treaty of Nanking

Treaty of TientshinConcessions to Open Door Japan, Russia, Germany, Great Britain, & France looked to get special trading rights in China China forced to make concessionsSpecial Rights IncludedRights to develop mineral minesRights to build railroadsRights to establish naval basesLeases to port cities

U.S.A is being left out of CHINA

Concessions to Open Door

U.S. felt that their interests were being threatenedU.S. Proposes Equal Trading Rights in ChinaPolicy called the OPEN DOOR POLICY

Seatwork 3.3Enumeration

1-3) Imperialist countries4-6) Places under Portugal5-7) Reasons of the decline of Portuguese power in Asia 8-10)Effect of the Sepoy Rebellion