ihrdc releases report on the islamic republic (kurd)

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IHRDC Releases Report On The Islamic Republic's Executions Of Kurds In 1979 September 29, 2011 NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT – The Iran Human Rights Documentation Center today released a report documenting the Islamic Republic’s executions of Iranian Kurds in August and September 1979. The report, Haunted Memories: The Islamic Republic’s Execution of Kurds in 1979, may be found herehttp://www.iranhrdc.org/english/publications/reports/3508-haunted- memories-the-islamic-republics-executions-of-kurds-in-1979.html. The Persian version will be available next month. Iranian Kurds, like many ethnic minority groups, supported the 1979 revolution, and sought some form of autonomy in the nascent Islamic Republic. However, in August 1979, only six months after his return to Iran, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini ordered the Iranian military and the newly- created Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (Sepah-e Pasdaran) to crush the Kurds and take control of the Kurdish regions in Northwestern Iran. For weeks, government forces waged a brutal campaign, surrounding towns with artillery and tanks, and bombing from the air. By the beginning of September, they controlled the major towns and the Kurdish fighters (peshmerga) had fled into the mountains from where they continued to wage a guerilla campaign. As an added measure of terror, Khomeini dispatched his long-time comrade Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhali to summarily try and order the executions of the so-called rebels. Khalkhali, as head of the newly-formed Islamic Revolutionary Court, was already known as “The Hanging Judge” due to his enthusiasm for holding summary trials and issuing execution orders, including one to the exiled Shah. For several weeks in August and September, as government troops took control of towns in the Kurdish regions, Khalkhali and his deputies conducted trials of men, women and boys who had been arrested without warrants or charges. He and his deputies briefly questioned the prisoners before convicting them of crimes such as “corrupter on earth and at war with God and his prophet” before sending them to face a firing squad. The entire process usually took only a day and sometimes was completed in a matter of hours. While the total number of executions is unknown, it was

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As an added measure of terror, Khomeini dispatched his long-time comrade Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhali to summarily try and order the executions of the so-called rebels. Khalkhali, as head of the newly-formed Islamic Revolutionary Court, was already known as “The Hanging Judge” due to his enthusiasm for holding summary trials and issuing execution orders, including one to the exiled Shah. September 29, 2011

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Page 1: IHRDC Releases Report On The Islamic Republic (Kurd)

IHRDC Releases Report On The Islamic Republic's Executions Of Kurds In 1979

September 29, 2011

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT – The Iran Human Rights Documentation Center today released a report documenting the Islamic Republic’s executions of Iranian Kurds in August and September 1979. The report, Haunted Memories: The Islamic Republic’s Execution of Kurds in 1979, may be found herehttp://www.iranhrdc.org/english/publications/reports/3508-haunted-memories-the-islamic-republics-executions-of-kurds-in-1979.html. The Persian version will be available next month.

Iranian Kurds, like many ethnic minority groups, supported the 1979 revolution, and sought some form of autonomy in the nascent Islamic Republic. However, in August 1979, only six months after his return to Iran, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini ordered the Iranian military and the newly-created Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (Sepah-e Pasdaran) to crush the Kurds and take control of the Kurdish regions in Northwestern Iran. For weeks, government forces waged a brutal campaign, surrounding towns with artillery and tanks, and bombing from the air. By the beginning of September, they controlled the major towns and the Kurdish fighters (peshmerga) had fled into the mountains from where they continued to wage a guerilla campaign.

As an added measure of terror, Khomeini dispatched his long-time comrade Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhali to summarily try and order the executions of the so-called rebels. Khalkhali, as head of the newly-formed Islamic Revolutionary Court, was already known as “The Hanging Judge” due to his enthusiasm for holding summary trials and issuing execution orders, including one to the exiled Shah.

For several weeks in August and September, as government troops took control of towns in the Kurdish regions, Khalkhali and his deputies conducted trials of men, women and boys who had been arrested without warrants or charges. He and his deputies briefly questioned the prisoners before convicting them of crimes such as “corrupter on earth and at war with God and his prophet” before sending them to face a firing squad. The entire process usually took only a day and sometimes was completed in a matter of hours. While the total number of executions is unknown, it was

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reported at the time that as many as 80 people were executed in three weeks.

This report captures only one brutal episode among many that the Islamic Republic perpetrated in the Kurdish regions, as well as the rest of Iran. The battles and killings continued in the Kurdish regions, and eventually blossomed into a full-scale war that lasted for years. Iranian Kurds, as well as other ethnic minorities, continued to work to preserve their cultural and political rights, and the Islamic Republic continued to arrest, torture and imprison them.

While these events took place over 30 years ago, they are still relevant today as they turned out to be only a prelude to the Islamic Republic’s regular and persistent suppression of minority voices. The regime continues to violate the human, political and cultural rights of Kurds. Use of Kurdish languages in print and education is discouraged, and Kurdish student, political and civil activists are regularly arrested, detained and imprisoned. It has been reported that there are currently at least fifteen Kurds on death row for political offenses in the Islamic Republic.

IHRDC is a nonprofit organization in New Haven, Connecticut that was founded in 2004 by a group of human rights scholars, activists and historians. Its staff of human rights lawyers and researchers produce comprehensive and detailed reports on the human rights situation in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Center’s goal is to encourage an informed dialogue among scholars and the general public in both Iran and abroad. The human rights reports and a database of documents relating to human rights in Iran are available, in English and Persian, to the public for research and educational purposes on the Center’s website at www.iranhrdc.org.

مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران گزارش اعدام کردها توسط جمهوری | اطالعيه رسمى | اخبار | صفحه اصلیرا منتشر کرد 5318اسالمی در سال .

مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران گزارش اعدام کردها

را منتشر 8531توسط جمهوری اسالمی در سال

.کرد0931آبان 5

مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران امروز گزارش مستند اعدام کردهای ایران توسط جمهوری –نيو هيون، کنتيکت

خاطرات تسخير شده: اعدام کردها توسط »ین گزارش، را منتشر کرد. ا 0931اسالمی در مرداد و شهریور

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، از لينک زیر قابل دسترس «0931جمهوری اسالمی در سال

http://www.iranhrdc.org/persian/permalink/3510.html.است

ایران حمایت کردند، و به دنبال 0931تهای قومی دیگر، از انقالب کردهای ایران، همانند بسياری از اقلي

، تنها شش ماه بعد از بازگشت 0931نوعی خودمختاری در جمهوری نوپای اسالمی بودند. بنابراین در مرداد

آیت هللا روح هللا خمينی به ایران، وی به نيروی نظامی و سپاه پاسداران تازه تاسيس شده فرمان داد تا

ا را درهم کوبيده و کنترل مناطق کردنشين در شمال غرب ایران را به دست بگيرند. نيروهای دولتی کرده

طی چند هفته دست به حمالت خونينی زدند که طی آن شهرها را با توپخانه و تانک و نيز بمباران هوائی به

بودند و مبارزان کرد محاصره درآوردند. تا اوایل شهریور آنها شهرهای اصلی را تحت کنترل درآورده

.دادند‎ها( به کوهستانها گریخته و از آنجا به مبارزات چریکی خود ادامه می‎)پيشمرگه

اما خمينی تنها به اعزام ارتش و اعضاء پاسداران انقالب به این نواحی اکتفا نکرد. او برای ایجاد هراس هر

‎چه بيشتر، یار دیرین خود، آیت نظور اجرای محاکمات شتابزده و صدور فرمان هللا صادق خلخالی را هم به م

اعدام این به اصطالح شورشيان، اعزام داشت. خلخالی، تا آن هنگام به عنوان رئيس دادگاه تازه تأسيس

انقالب اسالمی، به دليل اشتياقش برای اجرای محاکمات شتابزده و صدور فرمانهای اعدام، از جمله فرمان

شهرت یافته بود« طناب دار قاضی»اعدام شاه در تبعيد، به .

های مرداد و شهریور، در حاليکه نيروهای دولتی کنترل شهرهای نواحی کردنشين را به دست ‎در طول ماه

گرفتند، خلخالی و دستيارانش برای چندین هفته به محاکمه مردان، زنان، و پسرانی که بدون هيچگونه ‎می

حکم جلب و یا اتهامی دستگير شده بودند، پرداختند. او و دستيارانش به طور خالصه از زندانيان سؤاالتی

‎می مفسد فی»پرسيدند و سپس آنها را به جرائمی از قبيل ‎ محکوم « خدا و رسول خدااالرض و محارب با

سپردند. تمام این مراحل معموالً فقط یک روز و گاهی تنها چند ‎های آتش می‎نموده و بعد آنها را به جوخه

ها معلوم نيست، اما بر اساس آنچه در آن زمان گزارش ‎انجاميد. اگرچه تعداد کلی اعدام‎ساعت به طول می

ندتن در طول سه هفته اعدام شد 11شده، بالغ بر .

این گزارش صرفاً به شرح یک رویداد سبعانه از موارد متعددی که رژیم جمهوری اسالمی در نواحی

پردازد. این نبردها و کشتارها در مناطق کرد ادامه یافت و ‎کردنشين و نيز دیگر مناطق ایران مرتکب شده می

کرد به عالوه دیگر اقليت عاقبت منتج به یک جنگ تمام عيار گردید که سالها ادامه یافت. ایرانيان ‎ های قومی

به کار برای حفظ حقوق سياسی و فرهنگی خود ادامه دادند، و جمهوری اسالمی هم به دستگيری،

.شکنجه و حبس کردها ادامه داد

سال پيش اتفاق افتاده اند، اما هنوز حائز اهميت هستند چرا که مقدمه ای بر سرکوب 91گرچه این وقایع

صدای اقليتها توسط جمهوری اسالمی شدند. رژیم همچنان به نقض حقوق انسانی، مستمر و متمادی

سياسی و فرهنگی کردها ادامه می دهد. استفاده از زبان کردی در نشر و آموزش و پرورش مورد توجه قرار

ش نمی گيرد. دانشجویان و فعاالن سياسی و مدنی کرد مرتباً دستگير، بازداشت و زندانی می شوند. گزار

شده است که در حال حاضر حداقل پانزده نفر از شهروندان کرد به جرائم سياسی در انتظار اعدام توسط

.جمهوری اسالمی هستند

‎ای غير انتفاعی می‎مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران موسسه توسط گروهی از 0919باشد که در سال

ن این مرکز، وکال و پژوهشگران حقوق پژوهشگران، فعاالن حقوق بشر و تاریخدانان تاسيس شد. کارمندا

باشند که مسئول تهيه گزارشهای جامع و کامل از وضعيت حقوق بشر در ایران از زمان انقالب تا ‎بشر می

باشد. هدف این مرکز تشویق گفتگوی آگاهانه بين محققين و عموم مردم در داخل و خارج از ایران ‎کنون می

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‎می يوی اسناد حقوق بشر این مرکز در پایگاه اطالعاتی باشند. گزارشهای حقوق بشری و آرش

‎ .باشند‎برای دسترسی و آموزش عموم موجود می www.iranhrdc.orgآن

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