Identifying Minerals 11/17/153-2 pgs. 64-67IN: Explain why each of the following is not considered a mineral: a cupcake, water, oxygen, and bones.

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What is a mineral?What is a mineral?1. Formed in nature2. Solid3. Nonliving4. Has a crystalline structure

Identifying MineralsIdentifying MineralsHow would you know if these minerals are

the same?

Properties of MineralsProperties of MineralsColorLusterStreakCleavage and FractureHardnessDensitySpecial Properties

ColorColorThe same mineral can come in different colors. Impurities

Quartz-white, red, pink, and purpleWeathering

Pyrite turns blackColor is not a very reliable indicator of a mineral’s

identity.

LusterLusterThe way a surface reflects light.

There are 3 types:1. Metallic2. Submetallic3. Nonmetallic

Metallic LusterMetallic LusterLooks shiny, like metal.

Nonmetallic LusterNonmetallic LusterDoes not look shiny.

Submetallic Has properties of both metallic and

nonmetallic.

StreakStreakThe color of a mineral in a powdered

form.The color of a mineral is not always the

color of its streak.

StreakStreakA minerals streak is not affected by

weathering.

Therefore, a mineral’s streak is much more reliable than its color.

CleavageCleavageThe tendency of some minerals to break along flat surfaces.

Cleavage

FractureFractureThe tendency of some minerals to break unevenly along curved or irregular surfaces.

HardnessHardnessA mineral’s resistance to being scratched.

DensityDensityThe measure of how much matter there is in a given amount of space.

Special PropertiesSpecial Properties Properties that are particular to only a

few types of minerals.

Special PropertiesSpecial PropertiesFluorescence

Chemical ReactionChemical ReactionCalcite will “fizz” with acid

Optical PropertiesOptical Properties

RadioactivityRadioactivityUranium

MagnetismMagnetismMagnetite

TasteTaste

Halite Tastes “salty”

SmellSmell

Sulfur Smells like “rotten eggs”

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OUT: What is the difference between cleavage and fracture?

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