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POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT OF INDIARAJIV GANDHI

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20 August 1944 21 May 1991

Feroze and Indira Gandhi

Jawaharlal Nehru

Sonia Gandhi

Family

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Professional pilot for Indian Airlinesbefore entering politics

Stayed away from politics despite the

fact that his mother was the primeminister

Entered politics only after his brother

Sanjay Gandhi was assassinated in1980

Became a member of parliament in

1981

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Within a few months he was made the generalsecretary of the All-India Congress Committee

As general secretary of the congress, his first majorachievement was the organization of the AsianGames (1982)

He was nominated to be the Prime Minister by the

Indian national congress party leaders, after theassassination of his mother

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General Facts about his term as PrimeMinister

Served only 1 term as pm. From 31 October 1984 until hisresignation on 2 December 1989

9th pm of india. 3rd of the family

He was the youngest Prime Minister of India (at the age of40).

He also benefited from his youth and a general perception of

being Mr. Clean, or free of a background in corrupt politics.

Gandhi began leading in a direction significantly differentfrom his mother's socialism.

He improved relations with the United States

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The Anti-Sikh massacre

It started after the assassination of IndiraGandhi on 31st October 1984

On the 1st of November, mobs fan out indifferent directions in Delhi

The mobs swarmed into Sikhneighborhoods, killing any Sikh men theycould find

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The Akali Dal A Political Party in Punjab

Threatened to launch agitations ifthe government did not -

1) release senior Akali Dal

leaders2) initiate an inquiry into the Anti-

Sikh massacre

Sant Harchand Singh Longowal wasreleased and reinstated as the headof the Akali Dal

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The Rajiv-Longowal Accord

It was signed by Rajiv Gandhi and Sant HarchandSingh Longowal in 1985

The 3 main points covered were

1)a commission would be set up to better therelationship between the center and the state

2)the agreement to transfer chandigarh to

punjab

3)compensation to the victims of violence inpunjab

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Sri Lanka Policy

Indian Tamils in Sri Lanka weredemanding a separate state TAMIL ELAM

Their violence resulted in a civil war

Thus India had to send the INDIANPEACE KEEPING FORCE (IPKF) tocontrol the violence.

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INDO SRILANKA PEACEACCORD

The Indi-Srilanka peace accord was signed inColombo on 29th july 1987

Signed by Rajeev Gandhi and PresidentJ.R.Jayewardene.

Under the agreement, Colombo agreed to a

devolution of power to the provinces.

The Srilankan troops moved to the south and the

Tamils were to disarm.

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LIBERATION OF TAMILTIGERS EELAM

LTTE initially agreed to disarm but onlyreluctantly. Thus after a few months theycontinued their armed struggle again

Due to this the IPKF did not leave SriLanka.

The Sinhalese also revolted from thesouth.

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Shah Bano Case

Shah Bano, a 62 year old Muslim woman was divorcedby her husband in 1978

Having no means to support herself and her children,she approached the courts for securing alimony from her

husband

The court ruled in her favour

The orthodox Muslims threatened to agitate in largenumbers in all major cities as the Muslim Personal Lawclaimed a man could divorce a woman without anyconsequences

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The government passed an act

The Muslim Women (Protectionof Rights on Divorce) Act 1986

The act nullified the SupremeCourt's judgment in the ShahBano case

Critics argued thatfundamentalist minorities canexert pressure on governmentand judicial decisions

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Bofors Scandal

Bofors (an arms company) had paidmillions in bribes win a bid to supplyIndia's field howitzer

The scandal was worth Rs. 64 crore

A number of high ranking governmentofficials including rajiv gandhi wereaccused of receiving kickbacks

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Gandhi's finance minister,

Vishwanath Pratap Singh,

uncovered the scandal

Middleman associated with thescandal was OttavioQuattrocchi

Gandhi was assassinatedeven while the case was beinginvestigated

In 1999 he was charged withparticipating in a kickbackscheme in the Bofors scandal

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Assassination

He was assassinated on the21 May 1991

It happened at Sriperumbudur

The assassin was ThenmuliRajaratnam, a member of theLTTE

In 1998, all 26 accused of the

assassination were convicted

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The Achievements

Improved bilateral relationswith the US and also aimed atclose friendship with the

USSR. Expansion of economic and

scientific cooperation.

Introduced measures forreducing LICENSE RAJ.

Promoted higher educationprograms across India.

His efforts created MTNL.

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"India is an old country, but a young nation; andlike the young everywhere, we are impatient. Iam young and I too have a dream. I dream of

an India, strong, independent, self reliant and inthe forefront of the front ranks of the nations ofthe world in the service of mankind."

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Thank Youproject by

shubham bagri-5

rishi dhandhia-15ishaan kapoor-25

raina mehta-35fatema rasiwala-45

niraj singhvi-55