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POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT OF INDIARAJIV GANDHI
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20 August 1944 21 May 1991
Feroze and Indira Gandhi
Jawaharlal Nehru
Sonia Gandhi
Family
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Professional pilot for Indian Airlinesbefore entering politics
Stayed away from politics despite the
fact that his mother was the primeminister
Entered politics only after his brother
Sanjay Gandhi was assassinated in1980
Became a member of parliament in
1981
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Within a few months he was made the generalsecretary of the All-India Congress Committee
As general secretary of the congress, his first majorachievement was the organization of the AsianGames (1982)
He was nominated to be the Prime Minister by the
Indian national congress party leaders, after theassassination of his mother
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General Facts about his term as PrimeMinister
Served only 1 term as pm. From 31 October 1984 until hisresignation on 2 December 1989
9th pm of india. 3rd of the family
He was the youngest Prime Minister of India (at the age of40).
He also benefited from his youth and a general perception of
being Mr. Clean, or free of a background in corrupt politics.
Gandhi began leading in a direction significantly differentfrom his mother's socialism.
He improved relations with the United States
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The Anti-Sikh massacre
It started after the assassination of IndiraGandhi on 31st October 1984
On the 1st of November, mobs fan out indifferent directions in Delhi
The mobs swarmed into Sikhneighborhoods, killing any Sikh men theycould find
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The Akali Dal A Political Party in Punjab
Threatened to launch agitations ifthe government did not -
1) release senior Akali Dal
leaders2) initiate an inquiry into the Anti-
Sikh massacre
Sant Harchand Singh Longowal wasreleased and reinstated as the headof the Akali Dal
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The Rajiv-Longowal Accord
It was signed by Rajiv Gandhi and Sant HarchandSingh Longowal in 1985
The 3 main points covered were
1)a commission would be set up to better therelationship between the center and the state
2)the agreement to transfer chandigarh to
punjab
3)compensation to the victims of violence inpunjab
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Sri Lanka Policy
Indian Tamils in Sri Lanka weredemanding a separate state TAMIL ELAM
Their violence resulted in a civil war
Thus India had to send the INDIANPEACE KEEPING FORCE (IPKF) tocontrol the violence.
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INDO SRILANKA PEACEACCORD
The Indi-Srilanka peace accord was signed inColombo on 29th july 1987
Signed by Rajeev Gandhi and PresidentJ.R.Jayewardene.
Under the agreement, Colombo agreed to a
devolution of power to the provinces.
The Srilankan troops moved to the south and the
Tamils were to disarm.
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LIBERATION OF TAMILTIGERS EELAM
LTTE initially agreed to disarm but onlyreluctantly. Thus after a few months theycontinued their armed struggle again
Due to this the IPKF did not leave SriLanka.
The Sinhalese also revolted from thesouth.
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Shah Bano Case
Shah Bano, a 62 year old Muslim woman was divorcedby her husband in 1978
Having no means to support herself and her children,she approached the courts for securing alimony from her
husband
The court ruled in her favour
The orthodox Muslims threatened to agitate in largenumbers in all major cities as the Muslim Personal Lawclaimed a man could divorce a woman without anyconsequences
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The government passed an act
The Muslim Women (Protectionof Rights on Divorce) Act 1986
The act nullified the SupremeCourt's judgment in the ShahBano case
Critics argued thatfundamentalist minorities canexert pressure on governmentand judicial decisions
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Bofors Scandal
Bofors (an arms company) had paidmillions in bribes win a bid to supplyIndia's field howitzer
The scandal was worth Rs. 64 crore
A number of high ranking governmentofficials including rajiv gandhi wereaccused of receiving kickbacks
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Gandhi's finance minister,
Vishwanath Pratap Singh,
uncovered the scandal
Middleman associated with thescandal was OttavioQuattrocchi
Gandhi was assassinatedeven while the case was beinginvestigated
In 1999 he was charged withparticipating in a kickbackscheme in the Bofors scandal
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Assassination
He was assassinated on the21 May 1991
It happened at Sriperumbudur
The assassin was ThenmuliRajaratnam, a member of theLTTE
In 1998, all 26 accused of the
assassination were convicted
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The Achievements
Improved bilateral relationswith the US and also aimed atclose friendship with the
USSR. Expansion of economic and
scientific cooperation.
Introduced measures forreducing LICENSE RAJ.
Promoted higher educationprograms across India.
His efforts created MTNL.
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"India is an old country, but a young nation; andlike the young everywhere, we are impatient. Iam young and I too have a dream. I dream of
an India, strong, independent, self reliant and inthe forefront of the front ranks of the nations ofthe world in the service of mankind."
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Thank Youproject by
shubham bagri-5
rishi dhandhia-15ishaan kapoor-25
raina mehta-35fatema rasiwala-45
niraj singhvi-55