glider measurments of phytoplankton physiology in palmer deep

8/3/2019 Glider Measurments of Phytoplankton Physiology in Palmer Deep

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/glider-measurments-of-phytoplankton-physiology-in-palmer-deep 1/16

GLIDER MEASUREMNETS OFPHYTOPLANKTON PHYSIOLOGY

IN PALMER DEEP



What can a physiology approach tell usabout the Palmer deep populations?



Photosynthesis = PAR * aph *

φ

a ph =

a(l )* Eo(l )dl400nm

700nm

ò

Eo(l )dl400nm

700nm

ò

Spectrally averagedabsorption

Energy that is into the cellVaries cell pigmentation, lighthistory,

and size

~ 1%

)()()(

λ λ λ

d d

d E K

dz

dE −=

0.

00

0.

20

0.

40

0.

60

0.

80

1.

00

Irradiance

0

.0020.

00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

D e p t h ( m )

Scalar visible

irradiance

Energy into the oceanVaries with depth according to the IOPsIOPs with radiative transfer eqns describe

the AOPS

Efficiency of converting energyintoEnd product (electrons, oxygen,

carbon)Varies with end product andh siolo

Quantum efficiency of ……..

H i g h

L o w

Absorpti

on

Fluorescence

or chargeseparation

oxygen

carbonfixation

growth



F 0 = a ph ×F II ×PAR×k f

k f + k d + k p

F m = a ph ×F II ×PAR× k f k f + k d

F m - F 0F m

=k p

k f + k d + k p



D e p t h

( m )

0

100

-64.8

-64.95

Latitude

-64.4

-63.9

Longitude

Temperature

(Celsius)

-0.6

-0.4

0.8

1.0

Deep Canyon



D e p t

h ( m )

0

100

-64.8

-64.95

Latitude

-64.4

-63.9

Longitude

Salinity33.4 33.6 34.2 34.4

Deep Canyon



Maximum quantum yield(Fv/Fm)

0 0.1

0.6

0.7

D e p t h

( m )

0

100

-64.4

-63.9

Longitude

-64.8

-64.95

Latitude

Deep Canyon



D e p t h

( m )

0

100

Fluorescence-zero(volts)

0 5 20

25

-64.4

-63.9

Longitude

-64.8

-64.95

Latitude

Deep Canyon



Time

F l u o r e s c e n

c e r i s e

Integrated area isreflection of the absorption

cross-section

Flash is on RC2

Highlightcells

Lowlightcells

Photo-acclimation

Photons

Other useful indicesFLUORESCENCE INDUCTION



Longitude-64.4

-63.9

-64.8

-64.95

Latitude

D e p t h ( m

)

0

100

Sigma PSII50 350



14C

Fl

Based on Moline et al. 1998



5 0 1 0 0 1 5 0 2 0 0 2 5 0 3 0 0 3 5 00 .0 0 5

0 .0 2 5

0 .0 4 5

0 .0 6 5

0 .0 8 5

0 .1 0 5

0 .1 2 5

1

2

3

45

6

7

8 9

10

11

12

13

14

1516

171819

20

21

22

23

New Jersey Coastal Region22

Southern California Bight

21

NW Atlantic Continental Shelf (Spring)

20

Gulf Stream (Spring)19 NW Atlantic Subtropical Gyre(Spring)

1

8

NE Atlantic Subtropical Gyre

(Spring)

17

Canary Islands (Spring)

16

NW Atlantic Continental Shelf (Fall)

15

Gulf Stream (Fall)

14

NW Atlantic Subtropical Gyre(Fall)

13

NE Atlantic Subtropical Gyre(Fall)

12

Canary Islands (Fall)

11

Antarctic (Palmer Station)

10

Antarctic (Transitional WeddellWater)

9 Antarctic (BellingshausenWarm water)

8 Antarctic (Bellingshausen Coldwater)

7

Arabian Sea (NE Monsoon)

6

Arabian Sea (Inter Monsoon)

5

Arabian Sea (SW Monsoon)

432

1

Antarctic (Bransfield-Bellingshausen water)Antarctic (Bransfield-Weddellwater)Antarctic (Ice-Edge water)

Antarctic (Weddell-ScotiaConfluence waters)

23

Ek(PAR) (μmolphotons m-2 s-1)

φ m a x ( m o

l C m o l p h o t o n s

a b s o r b e d - 1 )

Rough seas

Oligotrohicseas

Antarctic



CONCLUSIONS

There is spatial variability in the biomass and the physiology

Healthiest phytoplankton are found at the edge of the canyon associatedwith the warmer bottom temperatures

Populations appear to dark light adapted

Photosystem II saturates earlier than carbon fixation

glider measurments of phytoplankton physiology in palmer deep

Documents