gcse modern world history international relations 1945-1955 origins of the cold war interactive who...
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GCSE MODERN WORLD HISTORY
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 1945-1955
ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR
INTERACTIVEWHO WAS TO BLAME FOR STARTING THE
COLD WAR?
History InteractiveKey Stage 4 History
ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR INTERACTIVE
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GCSE Modern World History The Origins Of The Cold
War
The USA The USSR
CommunistCapitalist
Democracy
Strongest country after
the warWanted to contain
communism
Dictatorship
Lost 20 million people
in the warWanted to
create buffer states
F D Roosevelt TrumanAmerican President
Joseph StalinSovietLeader
Two superpowers developed after the Second World War, the
USA and the USSR. A superpower is a very powerful country. Both America and the Soviet Union believed that their system was the best and did all they could to spread their ideas and way of life around the world.
SOVIET UNION SOVIET UNION EXPANSIONEXPANSION
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USSR
The EastCommunist countries
The WestCapitalistcountries
Poland
Czechoslovakia
HungaryRomania
Bulgaria
Albania
Yugoslavia
East Germany
Czechoslovakia1948
A coalition government was set up and led by the non-communist Benes. Soon,
non-communists were arrested. In 1948,
communist workers went on strike, the non-communist
minister Masaryk committed suicide and Gottwald took over the
government.
Hungary 1947
The non-communists won
the 1945 elections. However, the
communist leader, Rakosi, took control of the
secret police and executed and arrested his
opponents. By 1948, Rakosi had
complete control of Hungary.
Poland1947
At Yalta, Stalin had promised to set up a joint communist/non-
communist government but then he invited 16 non-communist
leaders to Moscow and arrested them. Thousands of non-
communists were arrested, and the communists won the 1947
election.
Romania 1947
In the 1945 elections, a
communist-led coalition was
elected to power. The communists
gradually took over and in 1947 they
abolished the monarchy.
East Germany 1945
East Germany was in the Soviet zone
of Germany. In 1949, they set up a
communist-controlled state
called the German Democratic Republic.
Albania1945
The communists immediately took
power.
Bulgaria1945
In the 1945 elections, a
communist-led coalition was
elected, but the communists
executed the non-communists.
GCSE Modern World History The Origins Of The Cold
War
BerlinOver the next four years all of Eastern Europe came under Soviet control. Communists took over in Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania straight away. In Poland and Czechoslovakia they shared power for a while and then non-communists were thrown out. Czechoslovakia fell to the communists in 1948. Only Tito, in Yugoslavia, managed to keep a communist government free from Stalin's control.So how did these countries turn communist?
Stalin said that expansion into Eastern Europe was
to create a group of buffer states to provide
protection for the Soviet Union from any future
invasion. America saw it as the part of Stalin's plans to take over the
whole of Europe. This led to more fear and tension.
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In 1946, Churchill at Fulton, Missouri said:“It is my duty, however, to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe.”
What was the Iron Curtain?The Iron Curtain was the name given to the border between the Communist East and the Democratic West Europe. The name came from a speech made by Winston Churchill in 1946. He was very worried about Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe.
Winston Churchill
GCSE Modern World History The Origins Of The Cold
War
Western
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Hungary Romania
USSRThe
Soviet Union