gabriel garcia moreno, the unknown man

7/31/2019 GABRIEL GARCIA MORENO, THE UNKNOWN MAN

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Guayaquil, Ecuador, August 2009

GABRIEL GARCIA MORENO, THE UNKNOWN MAN

Monograph by Eliana de Ambrosini

INTRODUCTION

A historic political figure like Gabriel Garcia Moreno is always subject of being

caricatured, especially by his enemies. In his case, being an Ace of the Catholic Church, an

institution that has been historically attacked as Jesus told it would be, the enemies of the

Church turn to be also the enemies of Garcia Moreno.

Despite these attacks, his worldwide political highness turns a prior question for

Ecuadorians to discover the real man, the true, the unknown Garcia Moreno. For thisreason its not the purpose of this monograph to enumerate the sequence of tumultuous

events of his political life that can be found in any biography, instead its to approach to

his very soul and its spiritual evolution through certain important and revealing facts of his

life.

But first, lets place a very interesting prophecy about him brought to light 187 years

before his birth. It was given to the blessed Mariana de Jesus Torres, a Spanish nun and

one of the founders of the first Monastery in the Royal Audience of Quito. The Virgin

Mary appeared to her many times from 1594 until her death in 1635.

Among the prophecies, the Virgin told her in 1599 about the Independence from Spain andthe future name of our country: Ecuador. In 1634, the Virgin told Mother Mariana:

About 19th

Century, here will live a true Christian president, a courageous man, to

whom God our Lord will give the gift of martyrdom in the very square where my

convent is placed. He will consecrate the Republic to the Divine Heart of my Holy

Son, and this consecration will uphold the Catholic Faith in the years beyond, which

will be ominous for the Church.

This prophecy was literally fulfilled, as well see.

CHAPTER 1

BRIEF BIOGRAPHY

1.1ChildhoodGabriel Garcia Moreno was born in Guayaquil, the 24th of December of 1821, a year

before the definite Independence of the Real Audience of Quito from Spain, in 1822. He

was the last of 8 children. His father Gabriel Garcia Gomez, Spanish, a fervent Catholic of

rigid habits, was the Syndical Procurator of Guayaquil. His mother, Mercedes Moreno,

woman of a great faith too, was the daughter of a perpetual Town Councilor of Guayaquil.


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When Gabriel was nine years old, in 1830, the Foundation of the Republics year, his

father died, and his family, adherent of the Spanish crown, remained in the ruin. A good

Mercedarian friar, Fray Jos of Betancourt, Mrs. Mercedes spiritual helper, took charge of

Gabriel, serving as his teacher for several years, with big results. Gabriel showed a

prodigious memory and a big ease for study and Latin.

1.2 Teen Years

Afterwards, at fifteen years old, Gabriel was sent, with a lot of sacrifice, to study in Saint

Fulgencio University of Quito. On a rough mule he got, insensitive to the hardships and

dangers of the long journey, the young Gabriel attacked with enthusiasm the road between

Guayaquil and Quito - a steep path where no cars could pass, as it ran through mountains

at 4000 meters above sea level - and fell to the height of Quito, at 2800 meters. Then

Gabriel began his studies of Philosophy and Laws. He was a very good student, and

maintained his scholarship all the career. He learned French, English and Italian by himself

and stood out for his capacity to study, prodigious intelligence, big memory, strong

personality and forceful will. On 1844 he got the degree of Doctor in Law.

The Ecuador of Garcia Morenos childhood and youth had been a rising Ecuador, full of

revolutions and anarchy. The cultural environment was rationalist and liberal, openly

hostile to the Church, and in politics everything was a lie and corruption. Those facts, in

addition to the excellent Christian education that he received, marked him strongly, and

determined to take the way of politics, to defend the Church against the anticlerical

legislations and his homeland from the chaos and underdevelopment.

1.3 Youth

Less than a year after his graduation, Garcia Moreno began to take an active part in politics

in Ecuador. Since then and during his whole life, he alternated his fight against liberalism

with his passion for science study, climbing (he scientifically explored the craters of

volcanoes Pichincha and Sangay), law, poetry and journalism. As a writer he was a fighter

and launched successively several newspapers, denouncing the immorality and politic

corruption of his time.

Meanwhile, his impeccable conduct and the bright future he had before, had certainlymade it possible for him to pursue an alliance with the most honorable families in Quito,

despite of his humble economic status. In 1846, he was 25 years old and married Rosa

Ascasubi, from a wealthy family. The marriage was blessed with three daughters, who diedshortly after birth. On March 30, 1848, he acquired the title of Lawyer.

By that time President Roca named him Governor of Guayas and he proved to be an

excellent politic administrator. When Roca fell, Garcia Moreno was sent to exile for the

first time. In France he admired the Catholic reaction against the radical liberalism and

devoted to the studies of Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry and Apologetic, he was an

insatiable reader.

Back in Ecuador in 1850, he found his country under the rule of the liberal antichristian

Urbina and began to fight against him with his words, from the newspaper "La Nacin".

Dictator Urbina repeatedly deported Garcia Moreno: to Colombia and to Peru. During


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these odysseys he was elected Senator, but could not take charge of this position.

1.4 Adulthood

Gabriel Garcia Moreno was now thirty-three years old and his political experience had

convinced him of the vital need to illustrate to the people of his homeland. This cause, andthe defense of the Faith and the Church, turned to be the aims of his life. With this belief

he went again for more than a year to Paris, deepening his studies on the matters he

considered should be taught in his country: Mathematics, Chemistry, Engineering,

Geology, Botany, Agriculture, Vulcanology, Philosophy, Political Science and History.

He also studied profoundly the public education system of France. He read three times the

"Universal History of the Catholic Church" of Rohrbacher, the book that most influenced

his doctrinal and spiritual formation. The prosperity of France under the reign of Napoleon

III, showed Gabriel the progress achieved by a nation ruled by a strong executive,

dedicated to positively transform society.

In those years he had left the practice of religion: he didnt go to confession or to Mass onSundays. One day, in a discussion with an atheist, the man remarked his incoherence, and

Gabriel was beaten by the grace of God. From then on until his death, his life as a defender

of the Church kept consistent with his spiritual life.

In late 1856, after three years of exile, an amnesty proclaimed by General Robles,

successor of Dictator Urbina allowed him to return to Ecuador. The political, cultural and

economic degradation of the country in those years of military dictatorship was complete.

He was greeted triumphantly and elected Mayor of Quito in 1857 and soon after, Rector of

the University.

Being Mayor, Gabriel tried to improve the appearance of the capital and, being Rector,

promoted the modern laboratory methods, giving himself classes of chemistry. Afterwards,

his political career was quickly propelled. He founded the new newspaper The National

Union, to battle head on against radical liberalism that was again in the government.

In 1857, Garcia Moreno was named Senator by the opposition. As Senator, he struggled

for the abolition of tribute to the Indians. He also tried to enact the Law of Public

Education that would establish a public education system similar to France. A systemopposed to the liberal project, which sought to maintain the masses in ignorance for

controlling them more easily.

1858 and 1859 were years of anarchy in Ecuador; the liberals were doing as one pleases.

President Robles named himself Dictator and tried to banish Garcia Moreno forever from

the country. Meanwhile, the little Republic was partially occupied by the troops of Marshal

Ramn Castilla, President of Peru, in alliance with Ecuadorian liberal General Franco, who

had proclaimed himself Supreme Chief of Guayas.

In this dramatic moment, May 1859, the patriot forces named a provisional Government

with Garcia Moreno, Jeronimo Carrin and Pacifico Chiriboga. Garcia Moreno, requested

to take the military command to save his homeland, he personally led the troops and won

battle after battle. Peru retreated completely.


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After the victory, Garcia Moreno showed his magnanimity in proclaiming general amnesty

to heal the wounds ofcivil war: "The Republic must be considered itself as a family he

said. In the National Assembly convened in January 1861, he was unanimously elected

President of Ecuador for the period 1861-1865. Garcia Moreno was 39 years old.

As Constitutional President Garcia Moreno began a series of important reforms, amongwhich were the restoration of the rights of the Church and a total reconstruction of the tax

system. But the intrigues of local liberals along with the neighboring republics and the

menaces and invasions from there continued uninterruptedly.

In 1862 the Republic of Ecuador signed the Concordat with Pope Pius IX, which freedthe Church from the Patronage Law that completely subdue the Church to the civilian

government. It made the liberals explode. President Mosquera of Colombia declared war

with Ecuador, while the traitor General Urbina plotted from Peru, supporting Mosquera

with manifestos. Three were the reasons for protesting against Garcia Moreno: the

Concordat, the presence of the Delegate of the Holy See in Quito and the arrival of the

Jesuits to Ecuador. Since that time, the Freemasonic verdict for Garcia Moreno was death.

This time Garcia Moreno lost the war and in name of dignity resigned his charge of

President to the National Assembly, which insisted that he remain in office until the

expiration of his term. But the rebellions and adventurers attacks continued unstoppable.

After forgiving the lives of many rebel leaders, despite the fact that by law they deserved

the death penalty, Garcia Moreno was harshly criticized for ordering the execution of

another rebel, when it was clear that an exemplary punishment was needed to achieve

peace in the Republic. Finally, in June 1865, after the naval battle of Jambeli, where

Urbina forces were defeated completely, the peace reigned in Ecuador and lasted two

months until the presidential term expired on August.

This first Presidential period of Garcia Moreno was named The heroic period, because

he ruled the country throughout rough circumstances: barracks mutinies, foreign

invasions, threats, conspiracies, liberal blockage and two international wars.

By that time, his loved and virtuous wife Rosa died at 56, on October 1865. On April

1866, he married his second wife, Mariana del Alcazar, niece of Rosa. Mariana was 29

years old; Gabriel was 45. When he told his proposal of marriage to Marianas mother, thenoble woman replied that she feared her daughter would have the same turbulent life as her

poor sister, with crying days and nights of anguish, wondering if her husband would bring

his heart pierced by a bullet or a stab. Despite her fears, Garcia Moreno married Mariana,whose youth and admiration for Garcia Moreno made her courageous to face the

distressful life of a patriots wife.

After this, the new President sent Garcia Moreno as Minister Plenipotentiary to Chile, to

support Per in its dispute with Spain for the Chincha Islands. When he just had arrived to

Lima, at the train station, a nephew of Urbina attacked him with a knife, hurting his head.

Garcia Moreno tried to defend himself, drawing out his revolver, when the police came.

Incredibly, the liberal Lima Government distorted the facts and accused Garcia Moreno of

violence, while his aggressor, protected by the Freemasonic lodges, was called the victim.

This was a sign of what would occur during all Garcia Morenos life and after his death,

until today: the freemasonry distorting the facts to show his catholic enemy as a violent


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tyrant. Nevertheless, Garcia Moreno, who faced death during the attack, experienced a

spiritual transformation that raised his soul to new heights. On his return from Chile,

Garcia Moreno was named Governor of Imbabura, to undertake the reconstruction of the

province after the devastating earthquake in Ibarra on August 1868. In this task he showed

prodigies of organization and planning of the new city.

Since her marriage, the sufferings of Mariana had been a lot: the attack in the city of Lima

and the loss of their first child, a girl. Looking for a little rest for them both, Garcia

Moreno led sweet Mariana to the beautiful hacienda of Guachal, surrounded with woods,

meadows and herds. He decided to work the land amid the joy and tranquility of his home.

But Providence had determined that this extraordinary man had no rest on earth.

President Espinosa, politically weak, was accused of failing to prevent an upcoming liberal

revolution, and was deposed by conservatives on January 1869. Garcia Moreno was

requested to be the head of government. Garcia Moreno had to sacrifice their cherished

retreat and assume again the leadership of his homeland.

The National Assembly met in May 1869 and confirmed Garcia Moreno as constitutional

President for the 1869-1875 period. The President enacted a new Constitution (he had

showed that the precedent constitutions obstructed the good ruling of the country) but

wanted to have it approved by the masses. The constitution was overwhelmingly approved

by popular referendum. This was another sign of Garcia Morenos political life: Ecuadors

people felt satisfied with his ruling but his enemies, a handful of liberal Freemasonic men,

speaking falsely in the name of the people, accused him of tyrant and a killer.

Freemasonry had always had many mass media in their hands.

The Constitution, called "Black Letter" by the liberal cynicism, did a requirement for

citizenship to join the Catholic faith. The overwhelming majority of Ecuadorians were at

that time Catholic, except for the handful of freemasons who wanted the country to be

open to foreign sects in order to weaken the Catholic faith, so it was in no way an act of

constricting the cult freedom, but to protect the faith of the citizens, who wanted the

necessary guarantees to practice it in peace and freedom. What a difference with the

procedures from the freemason and liberal Alfaro, who, in 1906, arbitrarily and against the

wishes of the people, changed the Christian public education to laical, stealing the poor

children of Ecuador the chance to have a moral rooted in God. Surely this is the cause of

the moral decay of the current Ecuadorian generations.

At the swearing in ceremony of President, knowing that the powerful freemasonry had

condemned him to death, Garcia Moreno expressed his deep religious belief: "Happy

achievement if I seal with my blood this swearing in the defense of our august symbol,

Religion and Fatherland." With the right constitution and the country pacified, this was the

golden government period of Garcia Moreno: during these last 6 years of his life, Garcia

Moreno managed the transformation and modernization of his country, so long desired for

him. Ecuador was by that time the only one country in America that was not in possession

of freemasonry.

Garcia Moreno ended triumphantly this second period in 1875, having fulfilled many of

his objectives for the progress of Ecuador. This could have been done because for the first

time in Ecuador a peaceful atmosphere reigned inside and outside the country. Foreign


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visitors didnt believe it was the unstable and miserable Republic they had known.

The peace had been only slightly disturbed for the articles full of hate of freemason

Montalvo, who inclusive mocked at the Consecration to the Sacred Heart. Garcia Moreno

wrote to a friend: Im called thief and tyrant. () This is a new reason to thank God

because Im slandered for being Catholic." Under this persecution, the soul of GarciaMoreno was raised to new heights and received the gift of prophecy:

"After my death, Ecuador will fall again in the hands of the revolution, she will rule

despotically under the misleading name of liberalism, but the Sacred Heart of Jesus, whom

I have consecrated my homeland, will liberate my country from their claws, making it live

again under the great Catholic principles."

Million electors sent letters from provinces asking Garcia Moreno to continue in the

Government, although the President prohibited his followers to promote his candidature.

The new election ran on May 1875 and the day came for the vote: Garcia Moreno's victory

was overwhelming, being re-elected by 22,726 votes. He would assume his newpresidential term on August 10. The liberals and freemasons began a global chorus of

lamentation and protest.

The days that preceded his death, Garcia Moreno was cautioned several times of a complot

to kill him. Prelates, friends and his father-in-law warned him about it. On July, 1875, he

wrote to the Pope: "Im fortunate, Holy Father, ofbeing hated and slandered because of

our divine Redeemer, and what immense joy for me if your blessing reaches me from the

sky to shed my blood for the One Who, being God, spilled his on the Cross for us!" On

August 4 he wrote to his friend Juan Aguirre: "Ill be killed. I am happy to die for the Holy

Faith. See you in Heaven."

On August 6, as usual, he got up at five o'clock and went to church for the mass at six. It

was the first Friday of the month, the day consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. After

mass, in his office, he finished writing the presidential message that he would read on

Congress the day of possession. This done, he went to his mother-in-laws house to enjoy

about an hour with his wife and son, the little Gabriel. Then he continued his way to the

Palace. Before getting into the Palace, he entered the neighboring Cathedral. He fell down

before the Blessed Sacrament that was exposed and prayed for a while until one of theconspirators interrupted to tell him that someone called him outside.

He greeted his assassins and began to walk with them toward the Palace, crossing thesquare. When they were climbing the stairs of the Palace, one of his assassins gave one

step back and began the rain of machete blows over him. Other two assassins shot their

guns repeatedly over Garcia Moreno while the fourth one grabbed the arms of hisbodyguard. While hitting the President the freemason shouted: Die, Jesuit with casaca!

The dying Garcia Moreno replied with weak voice: "God does not die!" His body was

introduced in the Cathedral, where he received the extreme unction, forgave his enemies

and expired at the altar of Our Lady of Sorrows. He was 53 years old.

Inside his pocket a notebook was found, where he had written that day: My Lord, what do

you want me to do for You today?


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Men, women and children of Ecuador filled the streets with their cries; the mourning for

his death lasted 20 years. His killers all suffered violent deaths. One of them, Cornejo,

being imprisoned and facing his next execution, received the grace of repentant for his

crime and thanked Heaven for saving his soul.

Upon learning the sad news, Pope Pius IX said: "He fell under the action of a murderer asa victim of his faith and Christian charity." The Pontiff erected a monument to his memory

at the Collegio Pio-Latino in Rome, where we read:

Gabriel Garcia Moreno

President of the Republic of Ecuador

in South America

treacherously killed

by the hand of the wicked

on the sixth day of August 1875

whose virtue

together with the reason for his glorious deathhave admired, celebrated and mourned

all the good ones in the world.

Pio Nono Pontiff Maximum

at his own expenses

and the donations of a large number of Catholics

has erected this monument

to the egregious and meritorious

defender of the Church and the Republic.

Garcia Moreno was assassinated by local and international freemasonry. With his death,

the modernization ended and began an obscure period of corruption and liberal moral

confusion that lasts until our days.

CHAPTER 2

GARCIA MORENOS GREATEST ACHIEVEMENTS

2.1 An overall overview

Its not our goal to enumerate the countless accomplishments of Garcia Moreno during his

two governments. But sure its ours to discover the heart, the human being that lay underthat incredible moral and physical strength, and, because one can know an artist by his

artwork, its important to have a minimal overview of his greatest achievements. Knowing

them one can understand why Garcia Moreno is called, inclusive by some enemies, the

actual father of the Ecuadorian nationality.

His monumental work, so far unparalleled in public education and modernization of the

state, resulted intolerable to liberals, having it been made by an openly Catholic politician.


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2.2 Education

Education of the Ecuadorian people was the core of the Gabriel Garcia Morenos

administrative planning.

The New Law of Public Instruction issued in 1863 ordered for the first time that primaryeducation be obligatory and free. By the first time the girls and the Indians had obligation

to go to school and get alphabetized. The Act also created a General Council, an Academic

Council and Provincial Councils and set the number of subjects for each level of education

and the duration of the school year. Educational programs were modified: male colleges

became technical oriented avoiding the emphasis in humanistic subjects.

He established Quechua-Spanish bilingual schools for the Indians and the first republican

Normal for the training of indigenous teachers, to serve children and youth in their

communities. The government provided food, clothing and school supplies. After Garcia

Morenos death, the liberal Veintimilla closed the Normal. Serious analysts of the Garcia

Morenos project have judged that if the Normal had remained a few years, the Indianpeople had experimented a profound change, at all levels.

He entrusted his educational project mostly to the only institution that could bring highly

qualified teachers at that time: the Catholic Church. Among them: The Brothers of the

Christian Schools, The Religious of the Sacred Hearts of Providence, the Sisters of the

Good Shepherd for primary and secondary schools. The Lazaros for the seminars; the

Jesuits for the universities and the admirable Amazon missions.

He created the University of Guayaquil and the University of Cuenca; closed the obsolete

University of St. Thomas Aquinas in Quito and opened the new Central University that

became of the best of America. For the Universities he brought from Germany Jesuitscientists with modern research techniques: chemists, physicists, mathematicians and

naturalists. From France he brought doctor Domec (Surgery teacher) and doctor Gairand

(Anatomy teacher), who created the School of Medicine. The Chair of Education for the

training of Tutors was created. He ordered to give ample scholarships to poor students as

he had been. He also established the School of Obstetrics.

Garcia Moreno founded the first National Polytechnic School, which rivaled the best

science colleges in the world at that time, and the Central Technical College, in Quito.

Making great sacrifices bought in Europe the instrumental and tools needed to equip them

both with laboratories for Chemistry, Physics and a Cabinet of Natural History. He also

founded the School of Arts and Crafts. In Guayaquil, opened the second Military Collegesince the first, opened by Rocafuerte, had been closed. He also established the Scientific

and Literary National Academy.

Garcia Moreno established numerous primary and secondary schools in Quito,

Guayaquil, Cuenca, Latacunga, Riobamba, Guaranda, Loja, Latacunga, Ibarra and

Portoviejo. He increased the teachers salaries from 9 to 30pesos a month. To his death

in 1875, the number of student children had risen from 13,485 students in 1867 to 32,000

and the fiscal investment in education had been tripled.

In 1865 Garcia Moreno founded a Music Conservatory in Guayaquil. In 1870 he

established the first National Music Conservatory in Quito. Antonio Neumane was named


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Director. Previously, Neumane had composed the music of the National Hymn by his

request.

In 1872 Garcia Moreno founded the School of Fine Arts under the direction of the artists

Luis Cadena and Rafael Salas. The latter one painted the picture of the Consecration of

Ecuador to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, by the Presidents request. He sent several artists toEurope under his protection. Garcia Moreno also founded the School of Sculpture.

In 1873 Garcia Moreno opened the Astronomical Observatory of Quito, which runs until

today at The Alameda Park. He also established the first museums and the first Botanical

Garden.

His noble obsession was to raise the scientific and cultural level of the people of his

homeland at the European level.

2.3 Economy

He enacted the first Tax Law, establishing prosecution for the fiscal defrauders. For thispurpose he established an Auditors Court. So improved was the tax collection that, in six

years, the fiscal revenue reached millions and the bureaucracy incomes were increased.

This was an astounding achievement because the country was suffering a commercial

crisis and Garcia Moreno didnt create new taxes but instead, reduced them. And despite

the reduced incomes, the national exchequer had the elasticity that honesty gives. He also

combated speculation and smuggling with energy.

Public employees were reduced to an appropriate number and they all began to complete

their working hours. The Republic Ledger Books, virtually nonexistent before, were now

in order and updated. The Public Debt, product of the previous decades of political

corruption, was almost completely paid. This done, Garcia Moreno suspended the payingof the External Debt.

He created the Mortgage Credit Bank for Agricultural projects and the Saving Banks of

Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca.

2.4 Public Work

In 1862 there were only 46 kilometers of roads in terrible condition. Garcia Moreno

proposed an innovative network of roads across the Nation: the great road Quito-

Guayaquil, completed during his second term; the roads Quito-Cuenca; Quito-Manab,

Quito-Guamote; Cuenca-Naranjal; Loja-Guaranda; Otavalo-Esmeraldas and Quito-Riobamba-Sibambe, the latter one with 300 km., 100 bridges and 400 aqueducts. Garcia

Moreno began the construction of the Quito-Guayaquil railroad (the first 44 km.) and built

new miles of the Duran-Sibambe railroad. He also installed Telegraphs on the roads.

Garcia Moreno built administrative buildings, port buildings and prisons. He also

improved hospitals and moralized prisons. He brought the Sisters of Charity to attend

hospitals and for the first time created charity buildings.


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2.5 Farming and Industry

Garcia Moreno encouraged agricultural expansion: introduced eucalyptus seeds, a highly

beneficial wood for construction and industry; developed a plan to restore eroded lands;

tried out vine crops; for the textile industry tested morena crops (the silkworms food).

He also promoted industry and crafts: founded the first sugar mill in Mindo; brought the

first threshing machine to Ecuador; installed weaving factories in Los Chillos, Cuenca and

Otavalo; discovered oil in Santa Helena.

2.6 Army

Garcia Moreno reorganized the army to serve the nation, subjecting it to ordinances

adopted from the Spanish military law, changing it from a disorderly and subversive

institution to an instrument of peace and real defense of the state and citizens. He gave

barracks, land and naval war materials to the Armed Forces.

He began the National Guards, restored the Military School, established the School ofArtillery and the School of Marine officers, to form them with the new methods imported

from France and Spain.

2.7 National Identity

Garcia Moreno made disappear the outbreaks of separatism and the nation for the first time

became one, strong and indivisible. The unifying element that Garcia Moreno had found,

was the Catholic faith of an entire nation, the base over which was crystallized the

Ecuadorian identity. By this reason he is with justice recognized as the organizer and

maker of the Ecuadorian Republic, which before had no form.

He divided Ecuador in Provinces. Ordered to make the first national census, which was the

basis to open the Registry Office. In the religious field, the new legal framework of the

Concordat allowed the territorial and administrative reorganization of the Church: new

dioceses were created, increasing the missionary work.

Garcia Moreno controlled excessive militarism and strengthened civilian order,

surrounding himself with honest and effective collaborators, as Juan Leon Mera. He

reformed the moral in the Republic and to accomplish it, he gave the highest example of

moral action in all fields.

CHAPTER 3

THE FULFILLMENT OF THE PROPHECY

3.1 The prophecy

On the 19th

Century, here will live a truly Christian president, a courageous man, to

whom God our Lord will give the palm of martyrdom in the very square where my convent

is placed. He will consecrate the Republic to the Divine Heart of my Holy Son, and this

consecration will uphold the Catholic Faith in the years beyond, which will be ominous for

the Church.


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A prophecy can be evaluated through the credibility of the person that enacts it. If that

person is Virgin Mary and all that She prophesied, more than two centuries before, was

accurately fulfilled, we must take it very seriously. Since the beginning of 16th

Century and

for many years on, our Holy Mother appeared to the Spanish nun Mother Mariana de Jesus

Torres at the Immaculate Heart Monastery of Quito.

Among the other fulfilled prophecies are: the creation of the Republic and its name of

"Ecuador" (the Virgin announced when it still was the Royal Audience of Quito); the

proclamation of the Dogmas of the Immaculate Conception and the Assumption of Mary;

the liberal attack against the Faith, the Church and the Sacraments; and the peoples

discovery of the apparitions history in the 20th

century.

3.2 A truly Christian president

Garcia Moreno showed that he had linked reason with faith, in all areas of activity.

Convinced of the goodness of his faith, he never hid it, unlike modern politicians who felt

embarrassed of being Catholic because, today when the world worships the religion of thetolerance to evilness, its not politically right.

So he brought Catholic European scientists, to improve education in Ecuador, reaching the

highest educational standards of the whole Hispanic America at that time. This was a slap

in the face of freemasons and liberals, who said: "You control the economy and the

military fields, the international relationship, and everything else: we'll take care of

education." They knew that new generations were the key to control any nation.

Garcia Moreno argued: Is it undemocratic to assure the education that prefers the vast

majority of citizens? Why cant children at school study the religion of their parents? So

Garcia Moreno was the only president who defended the faith of his people, while in the

rest of America, a false democratic orthodoxy drove the politicians to leave education in

the hands of freemasons and their indoctrination.

His Christian faith was also showed through the signing of the Concordat with the Holy

See, laying down a vexatious law to the Church, the Law of Patronage. This law was a

privilege granted only to the Catholic Kings of Spain, that the liberal governments

cunningly assumed. This law limited the power of the Holy See, allowing the civiliangovernment usually liberals- decide what was competence of the Church, like creating or

suppressing monasteries, creating dioceses, designating bishops, summoning priests

councils. It caused a great damage: Garcia Moreno found the local church relaxed, failingin the fulfillment of their spiritual duties and the seminars in decline. Garcia Moreno tried

to fix the situation with the Concordat.

The first article stipulated in its main part that the Catholic, Apostolic and Roman Faith

would be the only Faith in the country and the Church would retain all the rights and

privileges given by the law of God and the canonical order. Any dissenting worship was

forbidden. As a logical consequence: "The instruction of youth in universities, colleges,

faculties and schools will be totally according to the Catholic doctrine." A necessary

reform of the Clergy was also decreed. Finally, the Concordat reserved to the Government

the right to oppose the appointment of unworthy members of the clergy.


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The reform of the Clergy seemed too strong to the Pope, but at last he acceded to Garcia

Morenos request and the Concordat was signed by Rome and Quito. Since the signing,

liberalism and Freemasonry declared total war against Garcia Moreno.

His coherence as a Catholic ruler was shown too, in September 1870, when the freemason

and liberal army led by Garibaldi invaded the Italian Papal States. On January 18, 1871,

Garcia Moreno was the sole ruler of the world to raise his voice of protest to the ForeignMinister of Italy, claiming by the usurpation. The Pope thanked the President awarding

him with a first class medal of the Order of Pius IX and a written Praise.

The summit of his Catholic behavior was reached with the Consecration of Ecuador to the

Sacred Heart of Jesus, that well see ahead, as its a part of the prophecy.

3.3 A courageous man

One day, when still a student in Quito, Gabriel was walking in the countryside with a book

in his hands, when he found a huge rock that formed a natural arch that protected from the

suns rays. He had just taken place under it in order to continue reading comfortably,when he suddenly realized that this huge rock hanging over his head, was almost

completely out of its base and could collapse at the slightest movement. As driven by a

spring, jumped out of the dangerous cave. But soon he dominated the fear, sat back under

the wobbly rock and remained there for an hour. For several days, dominating his survival

instinct, he returned to continue his reading at the same place. Obviously a man like this

would never shake before a murderer's dagger or before the fury of an Assembly.

During the several revolts and invasions from Peru and Colombia, Garcia Moreno never

sent its soldiers to fight alone but he personally led his men in battle. For that reason he

was taken prisoner of war in an occasion, when he was fighting against Colombian General

Arboleda. His comrades told that he rushed along the enemy lines with five soldiers,

injuring the left and right, after disband of the troops.

A lot of courage was needed to establish civil order and peace into the troubled Republic.

Sometimes Garcia Moreno was forced to bring order applying the penalty that Constitution

prescribed for betrayal to the Nation: death, but very much against his will as many

anecdotes describes.

3.4 The palm of martyrdom

Its impressive how Our Lady of Good Success gave accurate details of the circumstancesof Garcia Morenos death: Our Lady talked that he would be killed in the square in front

of the Immaculate Heart Monastery, and so he was. Our Lady also remarked that Garcia

Moreno would have a martyr death, and, moreover, that this was an award of God for him.This is clear because Our Lady said: God our Lord will give him the palm of martyrdom

and the palm was the award for the winners in the Greek Olympic games.

So, for those who believe in God, cant exist any doubt about the greatness of Garcia

Morenos life, despite the hatred and the slanders of his freemasons enemies, because God

has sealed the goodness with a divine reward, confirmed by the words of the Mother of

God.


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3.5 He will consecrate the Republic to the Divine Heart of my Holy SonGarcia Moreno had a strong devotion to the Sacred Heart that he learned from the Jesuits.

Father Proao suggested to him to consecrate Ecuador to the Heart of Jesus, as He Himself

had requested in France to St. Margaret Mary two hundred years before. At first, Garcia

Moreno doubted doing it, because he thought that the country was not ready for such anhonor. So he asked the Redemptorists to send fifty missionary priests to spiritually prepare

the people for the Consecration. It was done with celerity.

The President presented his project to the Bishops Council that was going on those days

(1873) in Quito, and the Council approved it and enacted a Council Decree. Then he

proposed it to the Chamber of Deputies and they also approved it unanimously and enacted

a Legislative Decree that in his main part reads: The Republic of Ecuador is consecrated

to the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus that has been proclaimed its Owner and Protector. Its

declared first class National Holiday the Most Sacred Hearts.

The 25th of March of 1874, in a solemn ceremony that took place simultaneously in all ofthe Ecuadors churches, and being present the civil authorities alongside the religious ones,

Ecuador was publicly and officially consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, being the

first country in the world to do so. "Only under the Hearts of Jesus and Mary, only under

the Cross Ecuador will be Ecuador and Ecuadorians truly Ecuadorians. said Garcia

Moreno.

This Consecration will uphold the Catholic Faith in the years beyond, which will be

ominous for the Church, also said our Holy Mother, and we do believe that the

Consecration is the reason to still have faith in Ecuador, despite the ruthless attack of

freemasonry, that has in its hands the education of new generations since the time of the

liberal dictator Alfaro.

CHAPTER 4

THE VIRTUES OF GARCIA MORENO

Between the many virtues of Garcia Moreno, there are some little unknown for most

people. Here are some anecdotes in this regard.

4.1 Charity

His salary forhis homeland

In 1860, when he was elected President of Ecuador for the first time, Garcia Moreno,

without being a man of fortune and despite the needs of his own family, donated half his

salary to the public purse and the other half to charity.

The sick, the lepers and the orphan children

Close to Government House was the hospital in Quito. When starting his second term,

Garcia Moreno announced to the Congress: "Our beneficence houses show a disgusting

spectacle, unworthy of civilized and Christian people, not just as a result of inadequate

income, but mainly by the lack of charity of those who serve there." So he brought the


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Sisters of Charity for the spiritual care of the sick. Soon the hospital was considered one

of the best in Latin America.

One day he visited the hospital and found an embarrassing spectacle: the sick were lying

on the ground. Outraged, he told the director: How come these poorpeople don't have

what is necessary? Mr. President, we lack resources... answered the director. Fromwhat I see, this does not prevent you from enjoying good health and lying down on a

mattress, while the sick have to sleep on the floor. I promise you, Mr. President, that in

a few weeks we will remediate their needs. Well, but you will lie down here on a mat on

the floor this night and the following, until each of these patients have decent mattress and

sheets. Of course, before the end of the day, there were beds and mattresses for all

patients, and the director was able to sleep peacefully at his home.

There was also a leprosy center in Ecuador. One day, Garcia Moreno suddenly appeared at

noon to eat with the lepers. He talked at length with them. Before leaving, he gave an

emphatic order: their food should be improved immediately. After some months, he came

back without being announced, and ate again with the sick to verify if his order wasobeyed.

Garcia Moreno also took care of the many abandoned and orphaned children. He entrusted

the abandoned ones to the Sisters of Charity, in a building bestowed by a donor and fitted

by him for it. The government was responsible for equipping and sustaining it. The

orphans were entrusted to the Sisters of Providence. After his death, both establishments

had to fight hard to survive.

The Indians

The expulsion of the Jesuits left in neglect more than 200,000 Indians, on the banks of the

Amazon Rivers. When Garcia Moreno ascended to the presidency for the second time, he

ordered the Jesuit missionaries to found a school in each village, maintained by the

Government, for attending children up to 12 years in the teaching of Spanish language,

arithmetic, music and Christian doctrine. The apostolic work of the missionaries was

extraordinarily successful. They founded twenty villages with 10,000 Christians in two

years.

The founder of the Communist Party of Ecuador, Emilio Uzcategui, gives us his testimony:

"The Visitor of the Christian Brothers, Don Jose, wanted to train indigenous teachers so he

brought five Indians to Quito from Loja. The President was interested in raising this issueand ordered the Brother to travel and find new students in Otavalo, Cotacachi and San

Pablo. From the twelve Indians that were prepared for teaching in 1875, five were to

exercise in Imbabura and Loja. Another ten remained in Quito, receiving from the

Government food, clothing and school supplies. In some towns of the Eastern Region, the

Jesuit had schools for the Indians, with a total population of five hundred students."

The prisoners

To carry out the prison reforms Moreno found two men of his confidence: a Governor and

a Chaplain. The prison changed its character and became a school and a workshop. The

Chaplain taught his pupils Christian doctrine, in addition to reading, writing, and


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arithmetic. This was followed by instruction in various trades according to the prisoner's

aptitude. To encourage them in their progress, spiritual and temporal, the President

promised not only to shorten the imprisonment, but that their entire sentence would be

revoked to those who deserved it. No were in vain his hopes, because many prisoners were

entirely reformed.

4.2 Honesty and Austerity

Garcia Moreno didnt steal and didnt let steal. Staunch enemy of waste, he saved all he

could to fulfill his duty as guardian of the public wealth. So Garcia Moreno never spent on

banquets, walks and rewards to his supporters and relatives: The first time that he was

elected president, he gave the money of the banquet to a hospital. This austerity was

necessary because of the excessive expenses of previous presidencies. His lofty Catholic

principles were always the north of all his acts.

4.3 Humbleness

Garcia Moreno attributed the successes to God, the mistakes to himself: "If I have

committed mistakes, I ask forgiveness a thousand times to my compatriots with the most

sincere tears, in the sureness that it was not my will. If by the contrary you think that Ive

done good, attribute it to God and the Immaculate Dispenser of the inexhaustible treasures

of His mercy, and then to you: the people, the army and all those that in different branches

of government have assisted me with intelligence and loyalty to fulfill my difficult duties."

4.4 Benevolence

Beyond the necessary corrections in order to sow peace in the Republic, these exercised

with much chagrin, Garcia Moreno never attacked his persecutors. He never banished his

staunch detractor, Juan Montalvo, who after his assassination, boastfully wrote: "My pen

killed him." He also granted numerous pardons in 1861 and 1864 and from 1869 to 1873

annually, despite that the chaos in the fledgling nation deserved an iron hand to prevent

uprisings and even invited his enemies to take part in the government. In that way, he

offered to Abelardo Moncayo, a staunch liberal and one of his murderers, the Directorate

of School Santa Prisca, that Moncayo rejected.

4.5 Love for his family

He deeply loved both his first wife as the second. When Rosita, the first one, died, hewrote to a friend: The prostration of mind that I have since the days of my unexpected

tragedy, prevented me replying to the friends who, like you, have accompanied me in my

sorrow."

Due the exigencies of his patriotic work, Garcia Moreno never enjoyed long times with his

family, including in tragic circumstances like the premature death of eight daughters; four

from his first wife and four from the second one. When one of his dead daughters was

taken from his arms he wept bitterly, exclaiming: Oh, how weak I am, and I thought I was

so strong!" So he centered all his paternal love in his only son, Gabrielito. In his letters he

always sent him thousand caresses and kisses, carried with him one of his drawings and

bought him marzipans and boxes full of toys.


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CHAPTER 5

THE HISTORY JUDGEMENT

Despite the enormous historic slanders about Garcia Moreno created by Freemasonry, here

we quote some opinions about him, both from followers and from detractors.

5.1 Words from his followers

The Peruvian historian Francisco Garcia Calderon, in his book Latin America: its Rise

and Progress summed accurately the character and work of Garcia Moreno:

"Tirelessly, stoic, fair, strong in their decisions, admirably logical in his life, Garcia

Moreno is one of the biggest personalities in American history. In fifteen years he

transformed completely a small country according to a wide political conception that only

death prevented him from consummating. Spanish mystic type, he was not satisfied with

the sterile contemplation, but he needed action: he was a creator and an organizer."

Jorge Luna Yepez. Ecuadorian revisionist politician and writer, says:"His category belongs to that of the great Spanish heroes; through him the voice of the race

spoke with an unmistakable, formidable accent.

Juan Leon Mera, Ecuadorian writer and author of the national anthem of Ecuador:

"Whoever honors Garcia Moreno, honors the motherland that was his mother.

Remigio Crespo Toral, a native poet from Cuenca, about Garcia Moreno, in a 1885

speech:

"Free as the lion in the bush, free as the eagle in height and free as the wind in the

mountains."

Archbishop Federico Gonzalez Suarez, Ecuadorian historian:

Garcia Moreno is the Sun of our history."

TheEcuadorianpriest Manuel Maria Palacios Bravo wrote, in hislaureate poem Garcia

Moreno, the following:

"Foreigner, if you seek into the seas

Of the American India,The noble paragon of the human greatness

That in the altars of Athens and Rome

Deserved glory on a base;Come to this land, the heart of the world!

Here, where the succession of volcanoes;

Its mouth of granite opened to the sun,

With the undulating tongue of its flames

Lick the blue stone of the infinite,

Here where the condor spreads its arrogance,

You'll see the man that you're looking for:

Incline your forehead: its he! Garcia the Great!

The Spaniard historian Ricardo Garcia Villoslada, Jesuit priest, states:

"The figure of Gabriel Garcia Moreno in the political-religious aspect is the highest and


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most pure and heroic throughout America, and looses nothing in comparison with the most

highlighted personalities of Christian Europe in its best times. Enough alone, without

needing others, to make the Republic of Ecuador be worthy of a bright chapter in the

annals of the Church.

The Colombian poet, Belisario Pea, wrote:"Born to be a Sir, with pride,

Could reign as a King since his cradle.

Nothing to no one he owed, not to the fortune

And his strength was the same than his ambition.

Arm of a hero, head of a genius,

So he loved his homeland, that one by one,

He opened for it every path

Of goodness and greatness

And they hated him!"

Friedrich Hassaurek, writer and Ambassador to Ecuador from the U.S. governmentduring Garcia Morenos second period, wrote:

Garcia Moreno was clearly the most brave man of Ecuador and probably of all Hispanic

America: always ready to sacrifice his life.

Louis Veuillot, French prose, wrote the following at his death:

"He was the oldest of the moderns, a man who honors man". He also wrote that he was "a

man of Christ in public life, a man of God."

Joseph Le Gouhir and Rhodes, French Jesuit priest and historian:

"...He offers us the most revered example of the great man, the real "superman", the most

accurate and noble picture of heroism, the man most worthy of his Creator and the most

similar to God incarnate.

Nicolas Espinosa, President of Ecuadorian Congress in 1865:

"Like Pericles, Garcia Moreno was the most useful citizen of the Fatherland. He did more

charitable work in five years of administration than what all the previous governments did

in three centuries."

Francisco Javier Leon, Interim President of Ecuador after Garcia Morenos death:

"Garcia Moreno is the most pure, virtuous and noble man that I have ever known."

Remigio Crespo Toral, Ecuadorian poet and historian:

"Ecuador owes him its second independence." "Garcia Moreno is an undisputed glory of

the Fatherland, and his greatness has been imposed with the effectiveness of virtue and

justice."

Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, five times President of Ecuador:

"The hardness of Garcia Moreno was in line with the legal sense of the times in which he

acted. () On the other hand, what a wisdom, what a personal courage, what honesty in

economics, and what a capacity of prevention to the service of future generations!"

"Garcia Moreno is one of the few, very few great men, who has produced the Republic of

Ecuador, if we give the expression great man the real meaning that it must be."


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"Garcia Moreno is the biggest political and moral figure of the Fatherland."

Mario Andre, French historian:

"Garcia Moreno is not only the greatest man of Ecuador, but also of the Americas, and one

of the biggest in history."

Victor Leon Vivar, Ecuadorian journalist killed by the Liberals:

"In politics -no matter what we said- was Garcia Moreno who, for the first time among us,

taming the anarchy, laid the foundations of a well-understood freedom."

Marcelino Menendez y Pelayo, Spanish historian, philosopher, literary critic and writer:

Garcia Moreno is "one of the noblest forms of human dignity that in this nineteenth

century may glorify our race. The Republic that produced such a man may be poor,

obscure and forgotten, but with him it has enough to live with honor in history."

Francisco Garcia Calderon, a prominent Peruvian writer, states:

Carlyle would have ranked him in the gallery of heroes."

Jose Belmonte, in his "Contemporary History of Latin America", he writes:

"And in those moments that Ecuador is heading to the anarchy, emerged as a prominent

landmark a political figure of exceptional magnitude. It alone stands out from all the other

figures of the nineteenth-century in Ecuador, Gabriel Garcia Moreno."

Jose Luis Vazquez Dodero, Spanish writer, qualifies Garcia Moreno:

"...not only the first and greatest of the Ecuadorians, but one of the true extraordinary men

who America has produced... Rarely has appeared such an amazing mix of energy,

physical and moral... The extraordinary character of Garcia Moreno and the fervor with

which he was assisted by the Ecuadorian people, tempt us to apply the word charisma, todesignate his wonderful faculties and the sublimation that Ecuadorians made of them."

Manuel Galvez, Argentine writer, biographer and historian, synthesizes the trial World

about Garcia Moreno in these words:"He had, at various doses, the moral grandeur of Saint Martin, the great momentum of

Bolivar, the civilizing zeal of Rivadavia, the enormous willingness of Juan Manuel de

Rosas, the universality spirit of Francisco de Miranda, the passion for order of Diego

Portales, and the powerful dynamism of Domingo Sarmiento. And had what none of them

had: the passion of Christian holiness, the supernatural life, the inner dialogue with God.

Therefore, Gabriel Garcia Moreno is, for the people of Spanish America, a powerful

beacon of light which emerged in a small Ecuador to illuminate the slow and painful waytowards our glorious destiny."

5.2 Words from the opponents

The secretary of the Communist Party of Ecuador, Pedro Saad, said in 1943:

"but the miracle comes in 1860, embodied in a man who has been attacked mercilessly,

who has been slandered by fanatics of history and that we, revolutionaries of the Twentieth

Century, come to claim as one of the great builders of our nationality. That man slandered

and attacked is Garcia Moreno, the great builder of Ecuadorian nationality. Garcia


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Moreno is nothing but a symbol of this nation. Behind him go the masses of Ecuador,because he was a symbol that expressed the will to succeed, to build the Ecuadorian

identity, to begin the national unity. Behind him go the people, because Garcia Moreno

joined the people, understood their problems, lived with them their tragic hours (...) and the

people marched with him to the end."

Aparicio Ortega, Radical-Liberal Party member:

"Garcia Moreno: superior genius to Olmedo, superior to Washington, the embodiment of

well manhood, hotbed of genius and science, integrity and courage. Dazzling honesty,

encyclopedic knowledge. He was a genius unrivaled in America, Giant of the Homeland,

Cyclops of world history. Ecuadorians, if we dont worship the memory of Garcia Moreno

the Great, we are worthy of being slaves!"

Alejandro Carrion, Ecuadorian writer and left activist:

"The Ecuadorian writers have completely failed to appreciate with justice the huge figure

of Garcia Moreno and his portentous feat: they have written pleadings for his eternal

condemnation or for his canonization. They have seen in him only the black or the bright,without appeasing the eyes to see the full great man full and the nuances of his actions

Benjamin Carrion, Chairman of the Ecuadorian Culture House, ultra left-aligned man,

opponent of Garcia Moreno:

"In Gabriel Garcia Moreno, this exceptional personage, the notoriously most exceptional in

the history of Republic of Ecuador, we must try to see, before man, the epoch in which he

acted as a central and dominant figure."

"I think the life of Garcia Moreno is the most transcendental, accomplished and dramatic

of our entire history."

Miguel de Unamuno, in his Preface to "Las Catilinarias" of Juan Montalvo, said: "Was a

tyrant perhaps Garcia Moreno, the illustrated man, the civil man, who Montalvo admired

in reality."

Weve left for the final the amazing statements made by Juan Montalvo himself.

In The stretching out of the Regenerator:

"Garcia Moreno! What a man! Truly, what a man! Born to be a great man, individual ofgreat intelligence, wise tyrant, big man of incredible courage and bravery, inventor, crafty,

rich in resources and means, agile imagination, strong will, winner impetus."

Finally says: "A lofty tyrant, with all the loftiness of his grandeur. Talent, knowledge,

honesty, courage, unwavering energy of character, are his. Had no precedent in America."

CONCLUSION

Gabriel Garcia Moreno was a Christian.

Saying it everything is implied. Maybe there are many christians but real Christians are

few in the world. We can say a Christian is a person that really believes what the Christian

Doctrine teaches, and in consequence, tries to apply this faith to all aspects of his life.


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Applying what you believe into your whole life is a necessity for Christians, because they

believe that this is a doctrine issued by God himself. Its known as Christian coherence.

Now there are Christian doctors, Christian advocates, Christian scientists, etc.

Garcia Moreno was a Christian politician. Simply. No more and no less. Wonderfully

gifted in mind and body, and passionate for the progress of his homeland. And with apersonal seal: his tremendous bravery, announced by heaven two centuries before, that

allowed him to live his life the way he believed it had to be lived.

The reason for which those who hold the power have systematically slandered him is

understandable: Since 1789, most of those who hold the power in the world are

freemasons, liberals and radicals, and accordingly, enemies of Christianity.

The word sacrifice was another sign of his life, and nobody until now seems to have

repaired in it: he didnt have a minute of peace since he entered in politics. He could

never enjoy the company of his wife (both of them) and his children. He lived knowing

that his love for his homeland would cost his life one day, and even worse, that he wouldbe terribly slandered after his death and that the fruit of his struggle would be lost but

not for always, as he himself prophesied:

"After my death, Ecuador will fall again in the hands of the revolution, that will reign

despotically under the misleading name of liberalism, but the Sacred Heart of Jesus, whom

I have consecrated my homeland, will free it once again from their claws, to make it live

honest and free, under the great Catholic principles.

Through the reading of some anecdotes we can see how he had a gentle soul and deep

feelings, nothing farther from the picture of the insensitive man that some enemies have

tried to convince us he was. His admiration and feelings for his wise mother, his tears for

his eight lost children, his desire to rest in company of his wife, his happiness for finally

having a child, his concerns about the Indians, the poor, the lepers (who dares to eat with

them in the same table?), the orphan children, the prisoners, tells us of the ampleness of his

heart.

Its a tremendous mistake to judge the actions he was forced to take in order to pacify the

Republic of mid nineteen century as if he were ruling Ecuador today. The dead that withso extreme insistence are claimed were killed mercilessly by him were all traitors to the

homeland, military people who were plotting with the neighborhood governments to

accede by force to power in Ecuador. If Garcia Moreno had not executed the law withthem, Ecuador would not exist today, it surely would have been devoured by its

neighboring countries.

The verses in John 15, 18-20, give us light over the immortal figure of Garcia Moreno:

"If the world hates you, know that before I have been hated too. If you were of the world,

the world would love you as a thing of its own. But as youre not of the world, Ive chosen

you and took you out from the world, the world hates you. Remember what I said: the

server is not greater than his Lord. If they persecuted Me, they will also persecute you.

In the first 10 years after his death more than 80 biographies were written in the world.

The Consecration of Ecuador in 1892 to the Immaculate Heart of Mary was made on


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