french colonization initial colonization efforts establishing the fur trade recruiting ...
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French ColonizationFrench Colonization
Initial Colonization EffortsInitial Colonization Efforts Establishing the Fur TradeEstablishing the Fur Trade RecruitingRecruiting Competition – The DutchCompetition – The Dutch Growth of French ColoniesGrowth of French Colonies Expanding Along the MississippiExpanding Along the Mississippi MissionariesMissionaries
Failed VenturesFailed Ventures 1534 - Jacques Cartier 1534 - Jacques Cartier
– Northwest passageNorthwest passage– 1535 -Tried to establish 1535 -Tried to establish
colonies along the St. colonies along the St. LawrenceLawrence
1564 - French attempted a 1564 - French attempted a
colony near Jacksonville, Flacolony near Jacksonville, Fla
Learned from mistakesLearned from mistakes
First Economic ColonyFirst Economic Colony
Avoid the SpanishAvoid the Spanish 1608 - Samuel de 1608 - Samuel de
Champlain established Champlain established Quebec Quebec – Fur trading postFur trading post– Private venture - New Private venture - New
France Trading CompanyFrance Trading Company
Establishing the Fur TradeEstablishing the Fur Trade
Furs in demandFurs in demand St. Lawrence – St. Lawrence –
transportation transportation – Establish trading posts along Establish trading posts along
the banksthe banks Native AmericansNative Americans
– Established amicable Established amicable relationships (Algonquians).relationships (Algonquians).
– Guns/tools for fursGuns/tools for furs– Disease an issueDisease an issue
French–Native American RelationsFrench–Native American Relations
Three reasons for positive relationsThree reasons for positive relations1.1. InterdependencyInterdependency
2.2. French weren’t a threatFrench weren’t a threat
3.3. Native allies of the French remained Native allies of the French remained autonomousautonomous
Recruiting ColonistsRecruiting Colonists No needNo need
– Fur trade didn’t require many people to Fur trade didn’t require many people to operateoperate
New World not popularNew World not popular ColdCold WildernessWilderness UnfamiliarUnfamiliar
Purpose of ColonyPurpose of Colony
This was a business colonyThis was a business colony– Make money and go home – young menMake money and go home – young men
French often married native womenFrench often married native women The population of French in Canada The population of French in Canada
was small. (In 1650 – 700 men)was small. (In 1650 – 700 men)
Competition - The DutchCompetition - The Dutch 1609 – Henry Hudson - found Hudson River1609 – Henry Hudson - found Hudson River 1614 - Dutch established Ft Orange (Albany) as a 1614 - Dutch established Ft Orange (Albany) as a
trading posttrading post 1626 – Dutch purchase Manhattan island for $25 1626 – Dutch purchase Manhattan island for $25
– named New Amsterdam– named New Amsterdam
Relationship with NativesRelationship with Natives
AmicableAmicable Guns for FursGuns for Furs Traded with Iroquois, Traded with Iroquois,
not Algonquiansnot Algonquians
End of the DutchEnd of the Dutch
Dutch neglected North AmericaDutch neglected North America– Distracted by eastern colonizationDistracted by eastern colonization– Lack of immigrantsLack of immigrants
1664 - British seized New Amsterdam 1664 - British seized New Amsterdam (New York)(New York)
1667, Dutch forfeit all possessions in 1667, Dutch forfeit all possessions in N. America to EnglandN. America to England
French Growth in AmericasFrench Growth in Americas
1663 - New France Co. sold the 1663 - New France Co. sold the colony to the Crowncolony to the Crown
Crown feared British growthCrown feared British growth
Growth of New FranceGrowth of New France
Land grantsLand grants Indentured servants/orphansIndentured servants/orphans
New France:New France:– 1650 - 7001650 - 700– 1663 - 3,0001663 - 3,000– 1700 - 15,0001700 - 15,000
English colonies in 1700 – 234,000English colonies in 1700 – 234,000
Why couldn’t they grow?Why couldn’t they grow?
They had the largest population inThey had the largest population in
Western Europe, why couldn’t theyWestern Europe, why couldn’t they
grow?grow?
1.1. Content in FranceContent in France
2.2. Immigrated to warm climatesImmigrated to warm climates
3.3. Army Army
MissionariesMissionaries 1620s - Jesuit missionaries - 1620s - Jesuit missionaries -
Great Lakes regionGreat Lakes region Indians initially indifferent, Indians initially indifferent,
but warmed to Jesuits, why?but warmed to Jesuits, why?– Jesuits not greedyJesuits not greedy– Jesuits learned native culture Jesuits learned native culture
before convertingbefore converting Had some successHad some success
– Felt they had to accept Jesuits Felt they had to accept Jesuits to maintain French trade to maintain French trade (they were correct)(they were correct)
Pere Jacques MarquettePere Jacques Marquette
1666 –sent to New France1666 –sent to New France Built relationships with tribes in Built relationships with tribes in
Northern WI, MI and Ontario – Huron Northern WI, MI and Ontario – Huron and Ottawaand Ottawa
1673 –Marquette and Louis Joliet 1673 –Marquette and Louis Joliet explore Mississippi Riverexplore Mississippi River– First French to find the Mississippi First French to find the Mississippi
Further ExpansionFurther Expansion
Expanding along the MississippiExpanding along the Mississippi The West Indies - slaveryThe West Indies - slavery
– MartiniqueMartinique– St. LucieSt. Lucie– GuadeloupeGuadeloupe
Robert LaSalle, 1682Robert LaSalle, 1682– Explored the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River Explored the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River – First European to travel the length of the riverFirst European to travel the length of the river– Established small colonies/trading posts along this arcEstablished small colonies/trading posts along this arc– Claimed territory along the Mississippi for FranceClaimed territory along the Mississippi for France