french and dutch colonization of the new world
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French and Dutch Colonization of the New World. APUSH: Spiconardi. The French. Motives Find gold Locate a Northwest Passage Both were failures. The French. Colonization In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec In 1673, a Jesuit priest and fur traded located the Mississippi River - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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French and Dutch Colonization of the New WorldAPUSH: Spiconardi
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The French• Motives• Find gold• Locate a Northwest Passage• Both were failures
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The French• Colonization• In 1608, Samuel de
Champlain founded Quebec• In 1673, a Jesuit priest
and fur traded located the Mississippi River• By 1681, the French
had gotten to the Gulf of Mexico • French claim the entire
Mississippi River Valley
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The French
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The French• The Population• By 1628, the French population was 85• By 1663, the population was fewer than 3,000• By 1700, there inhabitants had risen to 19,000• Why the low population?
• France feared a population loss would undermine their status as a European power
• French government feared potential conflicts between settlers and natives
• Canada was deemed as icebox
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The French
• Characteristics• Roman Catholic• Persecuted Huguenots were
not allowed to immigrate to New France
• No representative government• Focused on fur trade as
opposed to agriculture
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The French • Relations with Native Americans• The French prided themselves on
adopting a more humane approach to relations with natives
• The French did not desire large amounts of land like the English and Spanish
• Religious Tolerance…Sort of• Samuel de Champlain encouraged
religious tolerance for all Christians and did not view Native Americans as inferior
• Jesuits• Attempted to convert natives, but did not
seek to suppress traditional religious practices
• Encouraged natives to adopt French language and gender roles
• But… “It happens more commonly that a Frenchman becomes savage than a savage becomes a Frenchman.”
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The Dutch• Dutch West India Trading• A trading company appointed directors
to govern the people• New Netherland lacked any form of an
elected assembly
• Tolerance• The Dutch came to trade, not conquer
land• Settlements were forbidden until land
had officially been purchased from natives
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The Dutch• What was the most famous
land deal?• The sale of Manhattan (New
Amsterdam) to the Dutch
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The Dutch• Tolerance (con’t)• Dutch women could own property,
go to court & borrow money• Slave rights
• By 1650, there were 500 slaves in New Netherland
• Half-Freedom• Some slaves were given land to
support their families
• Diversity• By 1630s, roughly 18 languages
were spoken• Why so diverse?
• Religious tolerance extended to all Christians and Jews
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The Dutch• New Amsterdam becomes New
York• Peter Stuyvesant becomes
governor in 1647• Ruled harshly & repressively
• In 1664, King Charles II of England grants land in New Netherlands to his brother James, Duke of York and Albany
• English show up with four armed ships
• Stuyvesant surrenders without fight• Not supported by residents of
New Amsterdam