forest restoration within a landscape/ecoregion context jeffrey sayer and mark aldrich wwf forests...
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Forest Restoration within a Landscape/Ecoregion Context
Jeffrey Sayer and Mark AldrichWWF Forests for Life Programme
Hämeenlinna, Finland6th October 2004
Forest Landscape Restoration in Central and Northern Europe
Introduction: Where are we with FLR?
• For WWF, forest landscape restoration means implementing forest restoration within a landscape context - i.e. to complement our core targets for protected areas and improved forest management…
• …versus restoring forest cover across a whole landscape
• ...versus large scale reforestation projects
Progress to date
Restoration Initiatives underway in:
• Annamite Range Moist Forests – Vietnam• Borneo Forests – Kinabatangan, Malaysia
• Forests of the Upper Yangtze – China• New Caledonia Dry Forests
• Nusa Tenggara Dry Forest – Rinjani, Indonesia• Eastern Africa Coastal Forest – Kenya and Tanzania
• Madagascar Forests and Shrublands• Mediterranean Forests/Woodlands - Portugal and
Morocco• Danube River delta - Bulgaria(/Romania)
• Plus those in LAC….
What entry points or initial interventions are we using ?
• Policy changes that can promote natural regeneration or near-natural forest management
• Stakeholder negotiations at a landscape scale to guide restoration
• Development and dissemination of technical expertise to facilitate restoration
• Small scale strategic tree-planting or agroforestry to restore tree cover – e.g. to improve connectivity between patches of intact forest and/or protected areas
WWF's Forest Restoration target (May 2004) is:
By 2020, restore forest goods, services and processes in 20 landscapes of outstanding importance within priority ecoregions to regain ecological integrity and enhance human wellbeing.
Forest Restoration Milestones (2005 – 2007)
1. By 2007, 20 detailed landscape restoration programs with clear biodiversity and socio-economic goals are integrated within ecoregion action plans.
2. By 2005, develop and pilot a tracking tool that measures improvements in landscape values through protection, management and restoration.
3. Multi-year funding secured and demonstrable progress achieved on Forest Landscape Restoration in at least 5 landscapes by 2007
Tracking Tool: Landscape Values
• You cannot manage what you cannot measure
• Forcing clearer thinking on "landscapes"
• Most M&E systems emphasise project inputs and outputs or process - not "state“ or “condition” of the resource
• Simplicity seems to be essential for adoption
Tracking Tool: Landscape Values
For Rinjani in Indonesia we propose annual measures of:
• Total forest extent
• Areas of community forests
• Change in Village Development Index
• Water discharge from catchment
• Amount of environmental service payments
Some issues for Northern and central Europe
•CAP Reform = Payment for Environmental Services
•Multi-functional landscapes
Restoring landscapes that are resilient to fire
•For European Biodiversity too much forest is more often a problem than too little
•Lynx in Iberia – Orchids in Mediterranean grasslands
•Water birds on Scottish moorlands
How can we help?
• Providing technical advice and support on restoration techniques, ongoing preparation of a manual on Forest Restoration – working draft on WWF Connect at:
http://intranet.panda.org/documents/folder.cfm?uFolderID=52081
• Targeted advocacy/research activities aimed at influencing changes in reforestation/restoration policies;
• Developing a monitoring and learning platform, and support to regular exchange of experiences between restoration initiatives
• www.panda.org
WWF Forests for Life Programme:
Some lessons learned
• Clear objectives – realistic attainable goals• Field interventions focussed but within landscape vision• If you can’t measure it you cannot manage it – tracking tool• Understand the “system” be part of policy narrative• Realism about participatory processes – tyranny of special
interest groups• Strategic partnerships needed – we do not have all the skills• You cannot plan FLR – it’s a constant process of learning and
adaptation – you need short feedback loops• External drivers important – climate change and WTO
WWF Forests for Life Programme:
Pre-conditions
• Better institutional arrangements at the scale of the “problem” or the “opportunity”
• New roles for private and public sectors
• Decentralisation and subsidiarity
• Clarity about property rights
• Mechanisms for environmental payments
WWF Forests for Life Programme:
Thank you