WHAT IS STOCK EXCHANGE?

Definition of Stock Exchange : The securities regulation act of 1956 defined stock exchange as “an association , organization , or a individual which is established for for the purpose of assisting , regulating , and controlling business in buying ,selling and dealing in securities.”

Meaning : This comes under treasury sector ,which provides service to stock brokers & traders to trade stocks ,bonds and securities. Stock exchanges helps the companies to raise their fund. Therefore the companies needs to list themselves in the Stock Exchange and the shares will be issued which is known as equity or a ordinary share and these shareholders are the real owners of the company the Board Of Directors of the Company are elected out of these Equity Shareholders only.

FEATURES OF STOCK EXCHANGE It is an organized market It is a securities market It is an important constituent of capital market i.e., market for long-

term finance It is a voluntary association of persons desirous of dealing in securities Stock exchange is a voluntary association, its membership is not open

to everybody In a stock exchange, only the members can deal in i.e., buy & sell

securities The members of a stock exchange can buy and sell securities either as

brokers for & on behalf of their clients The dealings in a stock exchange are under certain accepted code of

conduct i.e., rules and regulations

IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF STOCK EXCHANGE

Provide central and convenient meeting places for sellers and buyer of securities

Increase the marketability and liquidity of securities Contribute to stability of prices of securities Equalization of price of securities Smoothen price movement Help the investors to know the worth of their holdings Promote the habit of saving and investment Help capital formation Help companies and government to raise funds from the investors Provide forecasting service

HISTORY OF STOCK EXCHANGE

The stock exchange was established by “East India company” in 18th century . In India it was established in 1850 with 22 stock brokers opposite to town hall Bombay .This stock exchange is known as oldest stock exchange of Asia.

BULL {TEJIWALA}

He is speculator who expects the future raise in price of securities he buys the securities to sell them at future date at the higher price.

He is called as bull because his activities resembles as a bull , as the bull tends to throw its victims up in the air through its horns. In simple the bull speculator tries to raise the price of securities by placing a big purchase orders.

BEAR {MANDIWALA}

He is speculator who expects future fall in prices , he does an agreement to sell securities at future date at the present market rate .

He is called as bear because his altitude resembles with bear , as the bear tends to stamp its victims down to earth through its paws . In simple the bear speculator forces of prices of securities to fall through his activities.

Largest stock exchanges IN THE WORLD LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE SHANHAI STOCK EXCHANGE AUSTRALIA STOCK EXCHANGE TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE HONG KONG STOCK EXCHANGE TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE DEUTSCHE BORSE BM&F BOVESPA NASDAQ OMX STOCK EXCHANGE

IN INDIA NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE CALCUTTA STOCK EXCHANGE COCHIN STOCK EXCHANGE MULTI COMMODITY

EXCHANGE DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE OTC EXCHANGE PUNE STOCK EXCHANGE INTERCONNECTS EXCHANGE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE It was the first stock exchange established by

east India company in 18th century in London. The top gainer of LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE is “Blue chip shares”.

BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE

It is oldest and first stock exchange of India established in the year 1875. First it was started under baniyan tree opposite to town hall of Bombay over 22 stock brokers. The top gainer in BSE is 100 companies in that GMR infra is first

NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA(NSE OR NSEI)

The NSE of India is the leading stock exchange of India, covering 370 cities and towns in the

country. It was established in1994 as a TAX company. It was established by 21 leading financial institutions and banks like the IDBI,ICICI,IFCI,LIC,SBI,etc.

Features of NSEINation wide coverage i.e., investors from all over countryRingless i.e., it has no ring or trading floorScreen-based trading i.e., trading in this stock exchange is done electronically.Transparency,i.e.,the use of computer screen for trading makes the dealings in securities transparent.Professionalization in trading, i.e., it brings professionalism in its functions

OVER-THE-COUNTER EXCHANGE OF INDIA(OTCEI)

The OTCEI is a national,ringless and computerized stock exchange. It was established in october,1990.it started its

operation in september,1992.

Features of OTCEI1. It is a nation-wide stock exchange. Its operational areas cover entire India.2. It is a ringless stock exchange. The trading ring(i.e., trading place)commonly found in a

traditional stock exchange is not found in the OTCEI.3. It is a computerized stock exchange

Advantages of OTCEI4. It helps the investors to have easy and direct access to the stock exchange5. It helps investors to get fair prices for their securities6. It provide safety to the investors7. To provide computerized trading system8. To provide investors a convenient,effcient and transparent mode of investment

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA(SEBI)The SEBI was constituted on 12th April,1988 under a resolution of the Government of India. On 31 st january,1992,it was made a statutory body by the

Securities and Exchange board of India Act,1992.The Companies (Amendment) Act,2000 has given certain powers to SEBI as regards the issues and transfer of securities and non-payment of dividend

Function Of SEBIRegulating the business in stock exchange and any other securities markets.Promoting and regulating self-regulatory organization.Registering and regulating the work of collective investment scheme,incluing mutual funds.Prohibiting fraudulent and unfair trade practices relating to securities market.Promoting education, and training of intermediaries of securities market

Power of SEBIPower to approve the bye-laws of stock exchangePower to inspect the books of accounts Power to grant license to any person for the purpose of dealing in certain areas.Power to delegate powers exercisable by it.Power to try directly the foliation of certain provision of the company Act

HAPPY INVESTMENT WITH LOTS OF PROFITS

END************