finland in figures · 2014-06-03 · 9 789522 44475 2 issn 2242−8496 (pdf) isbn...

9 789522 44475 2

ISSN 2242−8496 (pdf)ISBN 978−952−244−495−0 (pdf)ISSN 0357−0371 (print)ISBN 978−952−244−475−2 (print)Product number 3056 (print)

2014Finland in Figures

Taskut_2014.indd 3 8.5.2014 14:38:32

Contents and Sources

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Sources: Information Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Tike (www.mmmtike.fi), Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira (www.evira.fi), TNS Gallup Food and Farm Facts Ltd (www.tns-gallup.fi), Finnish Forest Research Institute (www.metla.fi), Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute (www.rktl.fi)

Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Culture and the Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), Ministry of Education and Culture (www.minedu.fi), The National Library of Finland (www.nationallibrary.fi), Finnish Audit Bureau of Circulations (www.levikintarkastus.fi), Finnish Film Foundation (www.ses.fi)

Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Elections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Enterprises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Environment and Natural Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), National Land Survey of Finland(www.maanmittauslaitos.fi), Finnish Environment Institute (www.ymparisto.fi), Finnish Meteorological Institute (www.fmi.fi), Ministry of the Environment (www.ymparisto.fi), Metsähallitus (www.metsa.fi)

Financing and Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), NASDAQ OMX Helsinki Ltd. (www.nasdaqomxnordic.com), Bank of Finland (www.bof.fi)

Government Finance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), Ministry of Finance (www.vm.fi),Ministry of Foreign Affairs (www.formin.fi)

Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), The National Institute for Health and Welfare (www.thl.fi)

Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Income and Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), Information Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Tike (www.mmmtike.fi), The National Institute for Health and Welfare (www.thl.fi)

Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

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Contents and Sources

Labour Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

National Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), National Land Survey of Finland (www.maanmittauslaitos.fi), Finnish Immigration Service (www.migri.fi), Ministry of Employment and the Economy (www.tem.fi)

Prices and Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Science, Technology and Information Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority (www.ficora.fi)

Social Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Sources: The National Institute for Health and Welfare (www.thl.fi), Finnish Centre for Pensions (www.etk.fi)

Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), Finnish Customs (www.tulli.fi)

Transport and Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Sources: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi), Helsinki Region Transport (www.hsl.fi), VR Group Ltd (www.vrgroup.fi), Finnish Transport Agency (www.liikennevirasto.fi), Finavia Corporation (www.finavia.fi), Finnish Transport Safety Agency Trafi (www.trafi.fi)

Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Source: Statistics Finland (www.stat.fi)

Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Sources: UN, Demographic Yearbook; Eurostat; UN, Population and Vital Statistics Report; UN, The State of World Population; CIA, The World Factbook; World Bank, World Development Indicators; ILO, ILOSTAT Data-base; OECD, Economic Outlook; IMF, World Economic Outlook

Symbols* preliminary data. category not applicable- magnitude nil

. . data not available or too uncertain for presentation, or subject to secrecy

A horizontal or vertical line drawn across a time series indicates substantial breaks in the homogeneity of a series

Finland in Figures as online service: stat.fi/finlandinfigures

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2 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery

Farms

Farms Average arable Organic farms Average arableland area land area of an

% of organic farm No ha No all farms ha

2000 79 783 28.0 5 225 6.5 28.22001 77 320 28.9 4 983 6.4 29.72002 75 474 29.9 5 071 6.8 30.92003 73 714 30.5 4 983 6.7 32.12004 72 054 31.4 4 887 6.6 33.22005 69 517 33.0 4 296 5.8 34.42006 69 071 33.3 3 966 5.7 36.52007 66 938 34.4 3 896 5.6 38.22008 65 802 35.0 3 811 5.5 39.42009 64 175 35.9 3 967 5.9 41.22010 1) 59 483 . . 3 939 6.1 43.42011 58 283 . . 4 036 6.6 45.82012 55 816 . . 4 260 7.2 46.42013 54 398 41.5 4 215 7.4 48.9

1) From 2010, agricultural and horticultural enterprises

Production sectors of farms, 2013

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Other production

Pig and poultry farming

Other cattle farming

Milk production

Crop production

Livestock

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20131 000

Cattle 915 918 926 914 913 912Pigs 1 483 1 381 1 367 1 335 1 290 1 300Poultry 1) 4 056 3 785 4 232 4 050 3 916 4 290Sheep 122 I 118 126 129 130 136Horses 69 72 74 76 75 75Reindeer 195 193 194 196 192 192

1) Egg-laying hens and chickens

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3Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery

Self-sufficiency in foodstuffs

Production as % of consumption

Product group 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Cereals 114 114 97 123 114 115Dairy products, fluids 103 103 101 98 95 95Dairy products, fats 125 124 121 112 108 . .Beef 85 86 83 83 79 81Pork 116 112 109 103 99 100Poultry meat 109 102 99 103 106 105Eggs 117 106 117 116 111 115Sugar 33 44 46 57 36 45

Forest statistics

Forestry land (incl. protected areas) in 2008–2012 totalled 26 167 000 ha, of which 53.1% was owned privately, 7.5% by companies, 34.6% by the state and 4.8% by others.The volume of growing stock was 2 309 mil. m3, of which 49.7% was pine, 30.1% spruce and 20.2% non-coniferous.

Commercial roundwood removals

Mil. m3

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

-13*2012201020082006200420022000

Logs

Total

Pulpwood

m3 = cubic metre, solid volume over bark

Catches of fish and production of fish farming

2008 2009 2010 2011 20121000 kg

Commercial fishery 115 492 121 453 126 633 124 240 137 693Recreational fishery 32 866 1) 32 866 29 201 2) 29 201 24 505Food fish production 13 439 13 627 11 772 11 275 12 659Total 161 797 167 946 167 606 164 716 174 8571) 2008 – 2) 2010

Increment and drain of the growing stockPeriod Incre-

ment Drain

Mil. m3 per year1970–74 58 551975–79 67 461980–84 73 531985–89 78 551990–94 82 531995–99 87 652000–04 96 702005–09 103 672010–12 104 71

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4 Construction

Construction

Unit 2011 2012 *2013Completed buildingsAll buildings mil. m3 35.93 40.22 32.55Residential mil. m3 12.78 12.51 12.18Commercial and office buildings mil. m3 5.95 7.25 4.15Industrial buildings and warehouses mil. m3 6.80 10.92 6.93Other mil. m3 10.40 9.54 9.29

Completed dwellings All dwellings number 31 674 31 393 30 302Detached houses number 11 254 9 961 9 922Attached houses number 3 724 3 718 3 815Blocks of flats number 16 139 17 078 15 775Other than residential buildings number 557 636 790

Volume index of newbuilding

2005 = 100

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Residential buildingsAll buildings

Other than residential buildings

2013*20112009200720052003200119991997

Turnover of construction, year-on-year change

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

2013*20112009200720052003200119991997

Civil engineeringConstruction of buildingsConstruction

%

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5Culture and the Media

Public libraries 1)

Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013Libraries number 842 836 827 815Collections 1 000 39 655 39 296 38 764 38 144Loans 1 000 96 228 97 428 94 908 92 776Borrowers 1 000 2 089 2 095 2 070 2 041Library visits 1 000 52 647 52 797 52 838 51 293

1) Excl. Åland

Books published in Finland

2009 2010 2011 2012Total of books published 12 714 12 017 11 404 11 513Books in national languages

Non-fiction 6 535 5 904 5 242 5 229Fiction 1 600 1 705 1 782 1 830

Newspapers and periodicals

2009 2010 2011 2012

Newspapers Dailies (7 – 4 times a week) 51 49 48 47Non-dailies (3 –1 times a week) 150 145 140 136

Total 201 194 188 183Circulation, 1 000 2 960 2 886 2 745 2 547

Periodicals 1) 3 156 3 056 2 933 2 8141) Issued at least 4 times a year

Largest newspapers

2010 2011 2012 2013Circulation

Helsingin Sanomat, Helsinki 383 361 365 994 337 962 313 062Ilta-Sanomat, Helsinki 150 351 143 321 132 253 118 358Aamulehti, Tampere 131 539 130 081 121 135 113 066Turun Sanomat, Turku 107 199 103 314 99 220 94 185Iltalehti, Helsinki 107 052 102 124 91 219 77 345Kaleva, Oulu 78 216 74 787 72 107 69 540In Swedish:Hufvudstadsbladet, Helsinki 48 046 46 395 43 101 39 662

Cinemas

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Cinema halls 306 289 283 284 . .Seats, 1 000 52 50 50 49 . .Premieres 174 186 191 175 *180Visits per inhabitant 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4

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6 Education

Population with educational qualification 1), 2012

Age

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

FemalesMales

Total65– 60–6455–5950–5445–4940–4435–3930–3425–2920–2415–19

1) Population by age group with a qualification from upper secondary schools, vocational schools and colleges, polytechnics or universities

Students and qualifications attained

2010 2011 2012Students 1)

Pre-primary, basic and post-basic education in comprehensive schools 546 423 541 931 539 545

Basic education of adults 2 361 2 390 2 530Upper secondary general school education 111 778 109 046 107 412Vocational and professional education 279 863 279 266 276 471Polytechnic education 138 852 139 857 139 876University education 169 404 168 983 169 041Total 1 248 681 1 241 473 1 234 875

Qualifications attainedLeaving certificates from comprehensive school

compulsory education 64 957 63 435 61 170adult education 373 351 408

Upper secondary general school qualifications 32 697 32 807 32 002

Vocational and professional qualifications 67 957 70 596 70 803Polytechnic degrees 2) 21 899 22 898 23 914University degrees 29 118 28 482 29 357Total 217 001 218 569 217 6541) Students in education leading to qualifications2) Includes second-cycle polytechnic degrees

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7Elections

Parliamentary elections 2011

Party Votes % Changefrom 2007% points

Seats2011 2007

KOK 599 138 20.4 -1.9 44 50SDP 561 558 19.1 -2.3 42 45PS 560 075 19.1 15.0 39 5KESK 463 266 15.8 -7.4 35 51LEFT 239 039 8.1 -0.7 14 17Green League 213 172 7.3 -1.2 10 15RKP 125 785 4.3 -0.3 9 9KD 118 453 4.0 -0.8 6 7Other parties 47 322 1.6 -0.4 - -Others 11 763 0.4 -0.1 1 1Total 2 939 571 100 200 200Women 1 230 180 41.8 -0.3 85 84Voting turnout 1) 70.5% (67.4% incl. Finns resident abroad)

Explanations: KOK = National Coalition Party, SDP = Finnish Social Democratic Party, PS = True Finns, KESK = Centre Party of Finland, LEFT = Left Alliance, RKP = Swedish People’s Party in Finland, KD = Christian Democrats in Finland1) Finnish citizens resident in Finland

Voting turnout in parliamentary elections, 1908–2011

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20100

20

40

60

80

100%

Males

Females

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8 Elections

Municipal elections 2012

Party Votes % Party Votes %

KOK 545 890 21.9 RKP 117 865 4.7SDP 487 924 19.6 KD 93 257 3.7KESK 465 167 18.7 Other parties 21 550 0.9PS 307 798 12.3 Others 41 358 1.7Green League 213 100 8.5 Total 2 493 524 100LEFT 199 615 8.0Voting turnout 58.3% See page 7 for explanations.

Presidential election 2012

1st round on 22 Jan. 2012 2nd round on 5 Feb. 2012Candidate Votes % Candidate Votes %

Sauli Niinistö 1 131 254 37.0 Sauli Niinistö 1 802 328 62.6Pekka Haavisto 574 275 18.8 Pekka Haavisto 1 077 425 37.4Paavo Väyrynen 536 555 17.5 Total 2 879 753 100Timo Soini 287 571 9.4Paavo Lipponen 205 111 6.7Paavo Arhinmäki 167 663 5.5Eva Biaudet 82 598 2.7Sari Essayah 75 744 2.5Total 3 060 771 100Voting turnout 1) 72.8%, Voting turnout 1) 68.9%, (69.7% incl. Finns resident abroad) (66.0% incl. Finns resident abroad)

Sauli Niinistö was elected President of the Republic in the second round of the elections.1) Finnish citizens resident in Finland

European Parliament elections 2009

Party Votes % Change in votes Number of cast 2009–2004 Euro-MPs% points elected

KOK 386 416 23.2 -0.5 3KESK 316 798 19.0 -4.3 3SDP 292 051 17.5 -3.6 2Green League 206 439 12.4 2.0 2PS 162 930 9.8 9.2 1RKP 101 453 6.1 0.4 1KD 69 458 4.2 -0.1 1Others 129 286 7.8 -3.0 -Total 1 664 831 100 13Women 774 457 46.5 1.6 8Voting turnout 40.3% (resident in Finland)See page 7 for explanations.

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9Energy

Total energy consumption

2012 *2013 % Annual change, %Petajoule (PJ) 2012 *2013

Wood fuels 332 324 24.2 4.6 -2.3Oil 325 314 23.4 -3.3 -3.2Nuclear energy 241 248 18.5 -0.9 2.9Coal 125 147 10.9 -15.6 17.3Natural gas 115 107 8.0 -11.6 -6.9Net imports of electricity 63 57 4.2 25.9 -9.9Peat 65 49 3.6 -23.5 -25.2Hydro power 60 46 3.4 35.7 -23.7Wind power 2 3 0.2 2.7 57.2Other energy sources 45 48 3.6 23.6 6.6Total 1 372 1 341 100 -1.4 -2.2 Renewable energy sources 1), % 31.6 31.01) Includes, inter alia, wood fuels, hydro and wind power, the biodegradable proportion of recycled fuels

Supply and total consumption of electricity

2012 *2013 Annual change, %GWh GWh % 2012 *2013

Hydro power 16 667 12 716 15.2 35.7 -23.7Wind power 494 777 0.9 2.7 57.2Nuclear power 22 063 22 698 27.1 -0.9 2.9Condensing power etc. 5 177 8 162 9.7 -47.3 57.7Combined heat and power,

industry 8 781 10 034 12.0 -12.9 14.3Combined heat and power,

district heat 14 505 13 795 16.4 -6.2 -4.9Total production 67 687 68 182 81.3 -3.8 0.7Net imports 17 443 15 715 18.7 25.9 -9.9Total consumption 85 131 83 897 100 1.1 -1.4

Electricity consumption by sector

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100 Transmission and distribution losses

Services and public consumption

Households and agriculture

Industry and construction

-13*2012201020082006200420022000

%

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10 Enterprises

Enterprises, 2012

Industry (TOL 2008) Enterprises Personnel Turnover% 1 000 % € million %

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 55 274 17.2 63 4.2 1 737 0.4

Manufacturing 21 306 6.6 324 22.0 133 243 33.7Construction 41 465 12.9 154 10.5 28 778 7.3Wholesale and retail trade 44 618 13.8 252 17.1 128 776 32.6Transportation and storage 22 091 6.9 128 8.7 23 145 5.9Accommdation and food

service activities 11 232 3.5 56 3.8 5 975 1.5Information and

communication 9 066 2.8 83 5.6 16 702 4.2Financial and insurance act. 4 713 1.5 46 3.1 - -Real estate activities 15 641 4.9 20 1.3 5 853 1.5Professional, scientific and

technical activities 33 714 10.5 94 6.4 12 976 3.3Administrative and support

service activities 13 435 4.2 120 8.1 10 152 2.6Human health and social

work activities 18 622 5.8 61 4.2 5 114 1.3Other industries 31 007 9.6 74 5.0 22 499 5.7All industries 322 184 100 1 475 100 394 949 100

Size of personnel 0 – 9 303 931 94.3 405 27.5 66 958 17.0 10 – 49 15 083 4.7 291 19.7 65 446 16.6 50 – 249 2 548 0.8 250 16.9 77 250 19.6250 – 499 347 0.1 121 8.2 37 627 9.5500 – 275 0.1 407 27.6 147 669 37.4

Enterprise openings and closures

0

10

20

30

40

50

20122011201020092008200720062005

Enterprise openingsEnterprise closures

1 000

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11Environment and Natural Resources

Geographical data

Area, km2, 1.1.2014 Highest point, mArea, total 390 905 Halti 1 324Land area 303 891 Longest river, kmFresh water 34 544 Kemijoki 500Sea water 52 470 Largest lakes, km2

Boundaries, km Saimaa 1 393Sweden 614 Inarijärvi 1 082Norway 736 Päijänne 1 082Russia 1 340 Oulujärvi 953Limit of territorial waters 1 250 Pielinen 895Total 3 940 Largest islands, km2

Greatest length, km a) SeaHanko – Utsjoki 1 157 Mainland Åland 689Greatest width, km Kemiönsaari 545Närpiö – Ilomantsi 542 b) Inland waters

Soisalo 1 540Lakes with an area of 500 m2 or more total about 168 000, of which around 57 000 with an area of over one hectare. Islands with an area of 100 m2 or more total about 187 000.

Protected and wilderness areas on 1 January 2014

Number Area, ha Water, %Protected areas 9 940 2 005 512 1) 20.3National parks 37 980 697 18.0Strict nature reserves 19 153 492 1.9Mire reserves 171 461 989 2.6Herb-rich forest reserves 51 1 169 1.0Old-growth forest reserves 91 9 801 2.9Other state-owned protected areas 69 67 522 39.1Protected areas on private land 9 450 295 342 1) 57,1Protected areas on Åland 52 35 500 92.7

Wilderness reserves 12 1 489 113 7.5In addition, the Act on the Protection of Rapids protects a total of 53 individual rapids, river portions or catchment areas against power station construction. Corresponding acts have been passed on the protection of the Ounasjoki and Kyrönjoki rivers.1) 2012

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12 Environment and Natural Resources

Mean daily temperature (centigrade)

Helsinki Sodankylä (Lapland) 1981–2010 2013 1981–2010 2013

January -3.9 -4.9 -13.5 -11.5February -4.7 -1.8 -12.7 -9.4March -1.3 -5.2 -7.5 -13.2April 3.9 3.1 -1.3 -0.9May 10.2 12.6 5.3 9.5June 14.6 17.5 11.6 14.2July 17.8 18.1 14.5 14.6August 16.3 17.2 11.7 13.9September 11.5 12.6 6.2 9.1October 6.6 7.5 0.1 0.4November 1.6 4.7 -7.1 -5.9December -2.0 2.3 -11.7 -8.2°F = 9/5°C + 32

Air emissions

Unit 1990 2000 2010 2011 2012Greenhouse gas

emissions, CO2 eq. mil. tons 70.3 69.2 74.4 66.9 61.0Carbon dioxide 1) mil. tons 53.0 53.0 58.9 51.9 46.4Sulphur (as SO2) 1 000 t 249 81 67 61 52Nitrogen oxides 1 000 t 295 211 167 156 147

1) Emissions from combustion of fossil fuels and peat

Greenhouse gas emissions and sinks

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

SinksEmissions

201220102008200620042002200019981996199419921990

1 000 000 t CO2 equivalent

1)

1) Land use, land use change and forestry

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13Financing and Insurance

Outstanding credit by borrower sector

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

20132012201120102009200820072006200520042003200220012000

Non-financial corporations

General government

Households

Foreign countries

Other

€ billion

Stock of deposits and loans 1) by monetary financial institutions

End of year € million Interest rate, %2012 *2013 2012 *2013

Public’s deposits from the euro area 135 056 141 921 0.61 0.44Non-financial corporations 2) 27 812 29 239 0.33 0.25Households 3) 82 378 81 780 0.72 0.47

Loans to the public in the euro area 193 479 206 467 1.93 1.82Non-financial corporations 2) 63 282 66 724 1.95 1.97Households 3) 114 798 116 622 2.01 1.90

Housing loans 86 346 88 313 1.63 1.48Consumer credit and other loans 28 452 28 309 3.15 3.21

1) Euro-denominated – 2) Incl. housing corporations – 3) Incl. non-profit institutions serving households

Financial assets of households

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

20132012201120102009200820072006200520042003200220012000

€ billion

DepositsInsurance technical reservesQuoted shares

Mutual fund sharesUnquoted shares and other equityOther

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14 Financing and Insurance

Market rates of interest, %

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Euribor rates

1 month 4.276 0.888 0.570 1.178 0.325 0.130 3 months 4.644 1.218 0.813 1.393 0.571 0.22112 months 4.826 1.610 1.352 2.009 1.108 0.536

Yields on government bonds 5 years 3.88 2.70 1.78 2.08 0.87 0.8110 years 4.30 3.74 3.00 3.00 1.89 1.86

Domestic credit institutions’ profit for the financial year

201320122011201020092008200720062005

Commercial banksCo-operative banksSavings banksOther domestic credit institutions

€ million

0

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

3 000

OMX share indices (28.12.1990 = 1 000)

20132012201120102009200820072006200520042003200220012000

1 000

OMX Helsinki

OMX Helsinki Cap

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

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15Government Finance

Central government budget

Balancesheet2012

Budget 1)

2013

Budgetproposal2014

Change

2013–2014Revenue ¤ million ¤ million ¤ million ¤ million %Taxes and other levies 37 321 39 923 40 057 135 0

On income and property 11 521 12 610 12 328 -282 -2On turnover 16 619 17 657 17 880 223 1Excise duties 6 448 6 711 6 975 264 4Other taxes 2 609 2 793 2 715 -78 -3Other levies 124 152 160 8 5

Miscellaneous revenues 6 065 4 936 4 742 -194 -4Interest income, income from sale ofshares and profits entered as income 1 925 1 922 1 995 73 4Loans, net 5 126 7 754 7 126 -628 -8Total 50 437 54 536 53 920 -615 -1Expenditure Parliament 146 158 158 -1 -0President of the Republic 16 40 38 -2 -6Prime Minister’s Office 83 84 85 1 2Ministries:

Foreign Affairs 1 284 1 303 1 294 -8 -1Justice 887 870 896 25 3Interior 1 293 1 317 1 264 -53 -4Defence 2 804 2 876 2 751 -125 -4Finance 17 415 16 982 16 947 -35 -0Education and Culture 6 541 6 656 6 597 -59 -1Agriculture and Forestry 2 678 2 723 2 657 -66 -2Transport and Communications 2 401 2 964 2 968 4 0Employment and the Economy 3 765 3 842 3 376 -466 -12Social Affairs and Health 11 990 12 593 12 810 217 2Environment 279 261 267 6 2

Interest on central government debt 1 864 1 866 1 814 -52 -3Total 53 446 54 536 53 920 -615 -11) Excl. supplementary budget

Central government revenue and expenditure€ billion

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

2012201120102009200820072006200520042003200220012000

Expenditure excl. debt servicing

Revenue excl. net borrowing

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16 Government Finance

General government deficit and debt

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2013*20102005200019951990198519801975

Deficit (EDP)

Debt (EDP)

% of GDP

Taxes

Taxes, € million Tax rate, % of GDP 2011 *2012 *2013 2011 *2012 *2013

All taxes 82 391 84 839 88 186 43.7 44.1 45.6State taxes 39 299 40 084 41 629 20.8 20.8 21.5

Income taxes 1) 11 386 11 132 11 436 6.0 5.8 5.9Value added tax 17 020 17 631 18 434 9.0 9.2 9.5

Municipal taxes 19 166 19 359 20 726 10.2 10.1 10.7Social security funds 23 736 25 211 25 664 12.6 13.1 13.3European Union 190 185 167 0.1 0.1 0.1

1) Incl. duty on interests and church tax of corporations

Public development cooperation

Net disbursements, € millionBilateral cooperation

Multilateralcooperation

Total % of GNI

2000 235.6 166.9 402.4 0.312001 250.6 183.8 434.4 0.312002 266.7 223.7 490.4 0.342003 273.2 221.1 494.3 0.342004 323.4 223.8 547.2 0.362005 480.1 245.6 725.7 0.462006 377.3 283.9 661.3 0.402007 426.6 290.2 716.9 0.402008 480.6 327.6 808.2 0.432009 568.1 358.4 926.5 0.532010 633.5 372.9 1 006.4 0.552011 615.7 395.5 1 011.2 0.532012 620.7 406.0 1 026.7 *0.532013* 617.4 463.7 1 081.1 0.56

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17Health

Health and medical care

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Pharmacies 617 618 620 616 616Head dispensers 2 417 2 473 2 532 2 593 2 647Pharmacists 6 493 6 588 6 684 6 811 6 908Physicians 19 500 20 306 20 734 21 106 21 404Persons per physician 274 264 260 257 254Nurses 68 392 69 817 71 170 72 483 73 664Practical nurses for social

and health care 80 489 87 006 93 946 101 384 108 663Dentists 4 731 4 699 4 878 4 983 5 069

Causes of death, 2012

Cause of death Deaths total % Males % Females %

Diseases of the circulatory sys. 20 210 39 9 691 38 10 519 40Tumours 12 070 23 6 326 25 5 744 22Dementia, Alzheimers disease 7 056 14 2 153 8 4 903 19Diseases of the respiratory sys. 2 026 4 1 238 5 788 3Alcohol related diseases and

accid. poisoning by alcohol 1 960 4 1 518 6 442 2Diseases of the digestive system 1 197 2 528 2 669 3Other diseases 3 684 7 1 862 7 1 822 7Accidents and violence 3 308 6 2 186 9 1 122 4– suicides 873 2 655 3 218 1No death certificate 226 0 144 1 82 0Total 51 737 100 25 646 100 26 091 100

Health care expenditure

2012201120102009200820072006200520042003200220012000

Specialised health carePrimary health care

Pharmaceuticals and other medical non-durables

Private health care reimbursed under National Health Insurance

Institutional care for older peopleOther health care

0

4

8

12

16

20€ billion (at 2012 prices)

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18 Housing

Buildings and free-time residences

1990 2000 2010 2011 20121 000

Residential buildings 1 005 1 111 1 235 1 246 1 258Detached houses 908 993 1 102 1 111 1 122Attached houses 53 66 76 77 78Blocks of flats 45 52 57 57 58

Other buildings 158 189 211 214 217Free-time residences 368 451 489 493 496Saunas 1) 932 1 212 1 502 1 529 1 555

1) Only saunas in flats. The total number of saunas was estimated to be over 2 000 000 at the end of 2012.

Household-dwelling units by type and size, 2012 1)

Size of household-dwelling unit

Allbuildings

Detachedhouses

Attachedhouses

Blocks of flats

Other orunknown

1 person 1 069 933 222 784 153 342 666 284 27 5232 persons 855 816 400 084 117 093 326 324 12 3153 persons 289 058 160 131 43 460 81 651 3 8164 persons 236 321 160 505 31 661 41 917 2 2385 persons 89 227 67 455 8 521 12 283 9686+ persons 39 426 30 823 2 587 5 334 682Total 2 579 781 1 041 782 356 664 1 133 793 47 542

1) A household-dwelling unit consists of all persons occupying the same dwelling on a permanent basis

Dwelling units by tenure status of dwelling, %

1990 2000 2010 2011 2012

Owner-occupied dwelling 66.8 58.1 59.2 59.0 58.7Rented dwelling 1) 24.7 30.8 29.3 29.1 29.1Right of occupancy dwelling . . 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3Other form of tenure or unknown 8.4 10.1 10.3 10.6 10.9

1) Includes also official residences and employer-provided dwellings

Dwelling units

1990 2000 2010 2011 2012Dwelling units, 1 000 2 210 2 512 2 808 2 836 2 866Floor area per dwelling, m2 74 77 80 80 80Floor area per person, m2 31.4 35.3 39.1 39.4 39.6Persons per room 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6Overcrowding 1), % of dwelling

population 30.5 23.7 17.9 17.7 17.5

1) More than one person per room, excl. kitchen

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19Housing

Prices of dwellings

Old blocks of flats New blocks of flatsHelsinki region Rest of Finland Helsinki region Rest of FinlandAverage unencumbered prices per m2, ¤

2008 2 893 1 445 3 846 2 6702009 2 932 1 469 3 780 2 7232010 3 279 1 593 4 349 2 8732011 3 429 1 617 4 553 3 0012012 3 541 1 647 4 999 3 1812013* 3 664 1 677 4 973 3 248

Dwellings in old blocks of flats: real price indices

-13*20102008200620042002200019981996199419921990

1983 = 100

Helsinki region

Rest of Finland

201260

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

Prices of real estate

Detached houses Plots for detached housesAverage price Real price index Average price Real price index¤/m2 2005 = 100 ¤/m2 2005 = 100

2008 1 379 106.5 13.3 119.62009 1 385 104.0 14.1 115.32010 1 474 111.1 16.7 128.32011 1 508 110.3 18.0 120.42012 1 526 107.1 19.6 120.82013 1 519 103.9 21.5 122.6

Average rents of rented dwellings

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 ¤/m2/month

Government-subsidised dwellings 8.38 8.93 9.28 9.90 10.25 10.64Non-subsidised dwellings 9.73 10.07 10.40 11.54 11.98 12.43All rented dwellings 9.04 9.48 9.86 10.79 11.19 11.61

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20 Income and Consumption

Income recipients 1) by income bracket, 2012

Income bracket,¤ Income recipients Income Taxes Taxes Males Females Total as % of1 000 1 000 % % % income

– 4 999 223 222 9.7 0.7 0.1 2.9 5 000 – 9 999 208 283 10.7 3.2 0.9 5.8 10 000 –14 999 228 381 13.3 6.1 2.3 7.9 15 000 –19 999 212 298 11.1 7.1 4.4 13.4 20 000 –24 999 199 259 10.0 8.3 6.2 16.0 25 000 –29 999 201 263 10.1 10.3 8.2 17.2 30 000 –39 999 372 359 16.0 20.3 19.1 20.2 40 000 –49 999 235 148 8.4 13.7 15.1 23.8 50 000 –59 999 134 65 4.3 8.7 10.8 26.7 60 000 –79 999 118 47 3.6 9.0 12.3 29.4 80 000 –99 999 43 16 1.3 4.2 6.3 32.5100 000 – 50 14 1.4 8.5 14.3 36.3Total 2 221 2 355 100 100 100 21.5The average income in 2012 was €27 184 per income recipient, €31 297 for males and €23 304 for females.1) Natural persons

Income of households and low income earning

Disposable cash income (in 2012 money) Persons Low incomeMean Median Low income limit in low income earners of

households population¤/household ¤/consumption unit 1) 1 000 %

2000 29 900 24 900 10 900 534 10.52001 31 100 25 800 11 300 596 11.62002 31 700 26 900 11 600 582 11.32003 32 700 27 400 11 800 573 11.12004 34 200 28 000 12 400 612 11.92005 34 800 29 400 12 800 656 12.72006 35 300 29 600 12 900 679 13.12007 36 300 29 900 13 400 721 13.82008 36 500 30 200 13 600 728 13.92009 37 100 31 100 13 800 697 13.22010 37 500 31 100 14 000 728 13.72011 37 600 31 400 14 000 704 13.22012 37 500 31 300 14 000 635 11.9

1) Consumption units were calculated by giving the members of a household the following weights: the first adult 1, other persons aged 14 or over 0.5 and 0 to 13-year-old children 0.3

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21Income and Consumption

Household expenditure

1980 1990 2000 *2011 *2012 %

Housing and energy 18.6 18.2 24.7 26.7 27.1Food and non-alcoholic beverages 21.2 16.3 12.6 12.3 12.5Recreation and culture 10.2 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.2Transport 14.4 14.5 12.9 11.3 11.1Hotels, cafés and restaurants 6.4 7.6 6.4 6.4 6.4Furnishings, household equipment

and routine maintenance of the house 6.0 5.4 4.8 5.3 5.2Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 6.3 6.6 5.8 4.9 4.9Clothing and footwear 6.1 5.6 4.6 4.9 4.9Health 2.1 2.9 3.8 4.8 4.8Communications 1.1 1.4 3.1 2.1 1.9Education 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4Miscellaneous goods and services 7.3 9.9 9.6 9.5 9.6Total consumption expenditure 100 100 100 100 100

Consumption of selected commodities

Per person Unit 1980 1990 2000 2010 2011 *2012

Milk products kg 263.0 222.9 193.9 183.3 182.2 182.1Butter kg 11.7 5.5 3.8 3.3 4.0 4.2Margarine kg 7.9 7.6 7.7 . . . . . .Vegetable oils kg . . . . 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.5Cheese kg 6.6 12.7 16.5 19.0 21.0 21.9Eggs kg 11.7 11.1 10.1 9.8 10.0 10.6Wheat kg 44.7 43.5 45.9 46.4 45.7 46.9Rye kg 20.8 17.4 15.3 16.1 16.0 15.4Rice kg . . 4.6 5.6 5.2 5.3 5.2Potatoes kg 59.8 59.5 61.6 . . . . . .Fresh vegetables kg 21.1 41.5 52.8 56.1 62.6 57.4Fresh fruit kg 49.8 51.0 45.2 47.0 50.9 51.5Meat kg 58.9 64.1 68.3 75.3 77.0 77.0Fish kg . . 18.9 13.2 15.2 15.2 . .Coffee 1) kg 10.3 10.2 8.7 8.3 7.9 7.8Sugar kg 36.8 33.5 32.0 31.8 30.1 29.8Tobacco kg 1.2 1.0 0.6 2) 0.6 2) 0.7 2) 0.6Soft drinks and

mineral water l . . . . . . 61.3 60.3 57.4Beer l 54,5 81,4 76,0 81,7 84,2 78,1Wine l 4.8 6.5 8.4 12.2 12.6 12.4Alcoholic beverages,

100 % l 6.3 7.7 7.0 8.1 8.2 7.8

1) Sales of roasted coffee2) Incl. untaxable consumption

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22 Justice

Criminality 1)

2010 2011 2012 2013All offences 2) 431 623 458 251 425 421 424 786

Manslaughter, murder, killing 110 114 89 95Attempted manslaughter, murder or killing 308 306 350 264Assault 33 082 40 171 38 231 35 515Sexual exploitation of a child 1 102 1 682 1 567 1 657Rape 818 1 039 1 009 975Theft 148 213 151 243 138 750 141 395Robbery 1 508 1 622 1 616 1 524Damage to property 49 160 54 970 44 417 43 375Fraud, embezzlement 19 163 21 023 24 218 26 409Drunken driving 21 130 21 459 19 134 17 994Offences involving narcotics 19 724 20 394 20 102 22 656Alcohol-related offences and infractions 4 053 5 121 4 601 4 474

Endangering of traffic safety, traffic infraction 503 986 504 578 435 271 444 616

1) Offences recorded by the police, the Finnish Customs and the Finnish Border Guard2) Excl. endangering of traffic safety, traffic infraction

Bankruptcy petitions

Number

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

10 000

20 000

30 000

40 000

50 000PersonnelBankruptcies

-13*

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23

23

Labour Market

Population by activity

2000 2010 2012 20131 000 persons

Mean population 5 176 5 363 5 414 5 439

Population aged 15–74 3 901 4 043 4 075 4 087Labour force 2 589 2 672 2 690 2 676

Employed 2 335 2 447 2 483 2 457Unemployed 253 224 207 219

Inactive population 1 312 1 372 1 385 1 411Labour force rate, % 66.4 66.1 66.0 65.5Unemployment rate, % 9.8 8.4 7.7 8.2

Employment rate (persons aged 15–64), % 66.9 67.8 69.0 68.5

Employed 2 335 2 447 2 483 2 457

EmployerPrivate 1 692 1 774 1 808 1 781Local government 486 510 522 526Central government 151 153 144 142Unknown 6 10 9 8

Status in employmentSelf-employed persons and unpaid family

workers 319 328 337 330Employees 2 016 2 120 2 146 2 127

Industry (TOL 2008)Agriculture, forestry and fishing; mining and

quarrying 146 115 109 107Manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam

and air conditioning and water supply; sewerage and waste management 473 388 382 377

Construction 147 172 175 176Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor

vehicles and motorcycles 277 298 300 296Transportation and storage 152 156 144 142Accommodation and food service activities 77 83 86 86Information and communication 89 95 101 100Financial, insurance and real estate activities 70 71 74 71Professional, scientific and technical activities;

administrative and support service activities 184 250 261 260Public administration and defence;

compulsory social security 115 117 113 111Education 165 174 175 175Human health and social work activities 326 379 409 399Arts, entertainment and recreation; other

service activities 109 139 142 144Industry unknown 6 12 11 13

Hours worked, million hours 4 019 3 998 4 040 3 964

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24

24

Labour Market

Employees by type of employment relationship

All employment relationshipsEmployees, total

Permanent full-time work

Permanent part-time work

Fixed-term work

1 000 persons2005 2 098 1 561 189 3472006 2 129 1 580 199 3492007 2 178 1 625 205 3482008 2 207 1 678 196 3332009 2 123 1 610 201 3112010 2 120 1 581 209 3302011 2 143 1 585 222 3362012 2 146 1 588 222 3362013 2 127 1 580 217 330

Unemployment

201320112009200720052003200119991997199519931991

1 000 persons

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Total

Males

Females

Unemployment rate, % Long-term Total Males Females 15–24 years unemployed 1)

of age % of unemployed2000 9.8 9.1 10.6 21.4 27.32001 9.1 8.6 9.7 19.8 23.92002 9.1 9.1 9.1 21.0 23.22003 9.0 9.2 8.9 21.8 23.42004 8.8 8.7 8.9 20.7 22.32005 8.4 8.2 8.6 20.1 23.62006 7.7 7.4 8.1 18.7 23.52007 6.9 6.5 7.2 16.5 23.02008 6.4 6.1 6.7 16.5 18.02009 8.2 8.9 7.6 21.5 16.72010 8.4 9.1 7.6 21.4 23.72011 7.8 8.4 7.1 20.1 22.52012 7.7 8.3 7.1 19.0 21.32013 8.2 8.8 7.5 19.9 21.0

1) Unemployed continuously for 12 months or longer

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25Manufacturing

Industrial statistics, 2012

Branch of industry (TOL 2008)Establish-ments

Person-nel

Value added in production

1 000 ¤ million %

Total industry 25 983 343 29 133 100Mining and quarrying 962 6 598 2.1Manufacturing 22 599 317 23 554 80.8

Food products 1 739 30 2 243 7.7Beverages 88 3 355 1.2Textiles 804 3 182 0.6Wearing apparel 1 032 2 111 0.4Leather and related products 208 2 87 0.3Wood and of products of wood and cork 2 206 20 1 036 3.6Paper and paper products 232 20 2 497 8.6Printing and reproduction of recorded media 1 126 9 552 1.9Coke and refined petroleum products 22 2 891 3.1Chemicals and chemical products 357 12 1 386 4.8Basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations 37 4 923 3.2Rubber and plastic products 609 13 995 3.4Other non-metallic mineral products 897 14 969 3.3Basic metals 178 15 912 3.1Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment 4 876 39 2 420 8.3Computer, electronic and optical products 574 26 386 1.3Electrical equipment 437 15 1 262 4.3Machinery and equipment n.e.c. 1 543 44 3 827 13.1Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers 263 6 375 1.3Other transport equipment 380 8 394 1.4Furniture 1 027 7 355 1.2Other manufacturing 1 301 4 260 0.9Repair and installation of machinery and equipment 2 662 18 1 135 3.9

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 918 13 3 999 13.7

Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activites 1 504 8 982 3.4

Volume index of industrial output (2010 = 100)

Branch of industry (TOL 2008) 2009 2010 2011 2012 *2013Total industry 94.6 100.0 101.7 99.6 96.2Forest industry 89.4 100.0 97.0 94.6 94.0Chemical industry 94.6 100.0 105.9 106.2 103.6Metal industry 96.5 100.0 104.4 102.3 96.8Electronics and electrical

industry 99.0 100.0 97.8 90.4 77.6

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26 National Accounts

Gross domestic product at market prices

At current prices At 2000 prices Annual change ¤ billion ¤/inhabitant ¤ billion %

2005 157.4 30 009 150.5 2.92006 165.8 31 477 157.2 4.42007 179.8 34 003 165.5 5.32008 185.7 34 944 166.0 0.32009 172.3 32 276 151.9 -8.52010 178.7 33 323 157.0 3.42011 188.7 35 028 161.4 2.82012* 192.4 35 528 159.8 -1.02013* 193.4 35 569 157.6 -1.4

National balance of supply and demand

¤ billion Annual change in volume, %*2013 % 2010 2011 *2012 *2013

SupplyGDP 193.4 71.3 3.4 2.8 -1.0 -1.4Imports 77.8 28.7 6.8 6.2 -0.7 -1.8Total supply 271.2 100 4.3 3.8 -0.6 -1.5DemandExports 77.6 28.4 7.9 2.8 -0.2 0.3Consumption expenditure 159.2 58.3 2.1 1.9 0.4 -0.3– private 109.4 40.1 3.3 2.5 0.3 -0.8– government 49.7 18.2 -0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8Gross fixed capital formation 36.6 13.4 1.6 5.8 -0.8 -4.6– private 31.2 11.4 3.2 6.3 -1.2 -6.4– government 5.4 2.0 -7.8 2.6 1.7 6.8Changes in inventories,

acquisition of valuables -0.3 -0.1 . . . . . . . .Total demand 273.1 100 4.3 3.8 -0.9 -0.9Statistical discrepancy -1.8 . . . . . . . .

Net national income, %

2010 2011 *2012 *2013Wages and salaries 1) 49.3 49.3 50.1 50.3Employers’ social contributions 11.3 11.4 11.6 11.6Net property and entrepreneurial income 25.5 24.1 22.9 22.0Taxes on production and imports received

by general government less subsidies paid by general government 14.0 15.2 15.5 16.0

Net national income 100 100 100 100€ billion 152.4 159.2 161.9 162.61) Including wages and salaries receivable from the rest of the world, net. Excluding income from employee stock options.

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27National Accounts

Industries’ value added as a proportion of gross value added, %

Industry (TOL 2008) 2008 2009 2010 2011 *2012

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.7Mining and quarrying 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4Manufacturing 21.5 16.8 17.4 16.6 15.4Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning

supply 2.0 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.3Water supply; sewerage, waste

management and remediation activities 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9Construction 7.3 7.1 6.7 6.8 7.0Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor

vehicles and motorcycles 10.2 10.0 9.8 10.3 10.3Transportation and storage 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4Accommodation and food service activities 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7Information and communication 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0Financial and insurance activities 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8Real estate activities 10.8 11.9 11.9 12.2 12.5Professional, scientific and technical activities 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.8Administrative and support service activities 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6Public administration and defence;

compulsory social security 5.8 6.4 6.2 6.2 6.2Education 4.7 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.3Human health and social work activities 8.7 9.9 9.8 9.9 10.4Arts, entertainment and recreation 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4Other service activities 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9Gross domestic product at basic prices 100 100 100 100 100Primary production 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.7Secondary production 32.0 27.5 28.2 27.1 26.0Services 65.3 69.6 69.0 70.0 71.3

Households’ indebtedness rate and savings ratio

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2012*20102008200620042002200019981996199419921990

As % of disposable income

Households’ debts 1)

Households’ savings

-13*

1) Incl. households’ share of the debts of housing companies

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28 National Accounts

Current account 1)

€ billion

Current account, % of GDP

-6-4-202468

101214

-6-4-202468

101214

2012*20102008200620042002200019981996199419921990

Current account, €

-13*

%

1) According to National Accounts

Finland’s foreign assets and liabilities

Stock at year-end 2010 2011 *2012 *2013€ billion

Assets 570.8 698.6 693.2 626.9Finnish direct investments abroad 103.0 103.4 114.7 117.7Finnish investments in foreign securities 214.8 210.5 239.9 250.9Other investments abroad 137.5 192.2 194.5 164.8Financial derivatives 108.3 184.5 135.6 85.3Exchange reserves 7.2 8.0 8.4 8.2Liabilities 532.5 661.5 657.8 596.3Foreign direct investments in Finland 64.9 69.0 73.2 73.5Foreign investments in Finnish securities 207.5 203.2 236.3 251.6Other investments from abroad 156.9 212.6 221.1 191.0Financial derivatives 103.3 176.7 127.2 80.3

Structural change of the economy

0

20

40

60

80

100

2013*20001980196019401920190018801860

Tertiary production

Secondary productionPrimary production

% of gross value added

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29Population

Area, population and GDP by region

Region Land area, km2

Population Change,%

GDP 2)

€ millionGDP per capita 3)

1.1.2014 31.12.2013 1) 2013 1) *2011 *2011

Mainland Finland: 302 339 5 422 604 0.5 187 422 100Uusimaa 9 097 1 585 473 1.2 71 321 132Varsinais-Suomi 10 661 470 880 0.4 14 843 91Satakunta 7 819 224 556 -0.2 7 423 93Kanta-Häme 5 199 175 481 0.0 4 892 80Pirkanmaa 12 585 500 166 0.7 16 184 94Päijät-Häme 5 124 202 424 -0.1 5 754 81Kymenlaakso 5 148 180 845 -0.3 5 493 86South Karelia 5 329 132 252 -0.1 4 724 101Etelä-Savo 14 260 152 518 -0.6 3 981 74Pohjois-Savo 16 768 248 430 0.1 7 309 84North Karelia 17 762 165 445 -0.2 4 500 77Central Finland 16 703 275 320 0.1 7 828 82South Ostrobothnia 13 444 193 977 0.0 5 467 81Ostrobothnia 7 752 180 384 0.4 6 384 102Central Ostrobothnia 5 019 68 677 0.1 2 262 94North Ostrobothnia 35 508 403 287 0.7 11 639 84Kainuu 21 500 79 975 -0.9 2 039 71Lapland 92 660 182 514 -0.2 5 379 84Åland 1 552 28 666 0.6 1 171 119Whole country 303 891 5 451 270 0.5 188 679 1001) According to the regional division of 1 January 20142) Gross domestic product at market prices 3) Whole country = 100

Largest municipalities 1)

Population Change, % Population Change, %31.12.2013 2013 31.12.2013 2013

Helsinki 612 664 1.4 Pori 83 497 0.3Espoo 260 753 1.5 Joensuu 74 471 0.4Tampere 220 446 1.4 Lappeenranta 72 658 0.3Vantaa 208 098 1.4 Hämeenlinna 67 806 0.5Oulu 193 798 1.5 Vaasa 66 321 1.0Turku 182 072 1.0 Rovaniemi 61 215 0.6Jyväskylä 134 658 0.9 Seinäjoki 60 354 1.3Kuopio 106 342 1.1 Kotka 54 771 -0.2Lahti 103 364 0.3 Mikkeli 54 635 0.2Kouvola 86 926 -0.4 Salo 54 478 -0.7At the beginning of 2014, there were a total of 320 municipalities, 57 of which were urban municipalities, 64 semi-urban municipalities and 199 rural municipalities.1) According to the regional division of 1 January 2014

finland_in_figures.indd Popula29finland_in_figures.indd Popula29 3.6.2014 12:28:323.6.2014 12:28:32

30 Population

Population structure

Unit 1900 1950 1990 2000 2013Population 31. Dec.

Total 1 000 2 656 4 030 4 998 5 181 5 451Males 1 000 1 311 1 926 2 426 2 529 2 680Females 1 000 1 345 2 104 2 572 2 652 2 771

Age0–14 years 1 000 931 1 209 964 936 895

Males 1 000 470 617 493 478 458Females 1 000 461 592 471 458 437

15–64 years 1 000 1 583 2 554 3 361 3 468 3 500Males 1 000 779 1 210 1 694 1 752 1 771Females 1 000 804 1 344 1 667 1 715 1 729

65– years 1 000 142 267 673 777 1 057Males 1 000 62 100 239 299 452Females 1 000 80 167 434 478 605

Marital statusSingle % 60.9 53.3 45.5 47.1 47.7

Males % 63.0 55.6 49.5 51.1 51.6Females % 58.9 50.8 41.7 43.2 44.0

Married 1) % 33.6 39.4 41.6 38.3 37.0Males % 34.0 41.2 42.8 39.2 37.6Females % 33.2 38.0 40.5 37.5 36.5

Divorced and widowed 1) % 5.5 7.2 12.9 14.6 15.3Males % 3.0 3.2 7.6 9.7 10.8Females % 7.9 11.2 17.8 19.3 19.6

ReligionLutheran National Church % 2) 98.1 95.0 87.8 85.1 75.3Greek Orthodox Church

in Finland % 3) 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.1Other % 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.4Census register or

unknown % - 2.8 10.2 12.7 22.1

1) In 2013 including registered partnerships2) Incl. other Lutheran churches3) Incl. other Orthodox churches

Population projection

Unit 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060

Population 1 000 5 631 5 848 5 985 6 096 6 228 0 – 14 years % 16.6 16.0 15.4 15.4 15.215 – 64 years % 60.8 58.4 58.4 57.7 56.665 – years % 22.6 25.6 26.2 26.9 28.2


31Population

Population by age group at year-end 2013

Total population 5 451 270

Males 2 680 364 Age Females 2 770 906

0 50 000 150 000 250 000

0– 45– 9

10–1415–1920–2425–2930–3435–3940–4445–4950–5455–5960–6465–6970–7475–7980–8485–8990–

050 000150 000250 000In 2013 the mean age of males was 40.5 years and that of females 43.3 years. The age of 100 years or more had been reached by 706 persons, 89 of whom were males and 617 females.

Vital statistics

2011 ‰ 1) 2012 ‰ 1) 2013 ‰ 1)

Live births 59 961 11.1 59 493 11.0 58 134 10.7Deaths 50 585 9.4 51 707 9.6 51 472 9.5Excess of births 9 376 1.7 7 786 1.4 6 662 1.2Immigration 29 481 5.5 31 278 5.8 31 941 5.9Emigration 12 660 2.3 13 845 2.6 13 893 2.6Net immigration 16 821 3.1 17 433 3.2 18 048 3.3Population growth 25 991 4.8 25 407 4.7 24 596 4.5Marriages 28 408 5.3 28 878 5.3 25 119 4.6Registered partnerships 333 0.1 329 0.1 373 0.1Divorces 13 469 2.5 13 040 2.4 13 766 2.5Divorces from registered

partnerships 85 0.0 103 0.0 101 0.0

1) Per 1 000 mean population


32 Population

Life expectancy at birth

Females

Males

2013*20102005200019951990198519801975197160

70

80

90Years

65

85

75

Families, 2012

Allfamilies

Withchildrenaged0–17

Withchildrenaged0–6

Personsperfamily

Total of families 1 465 733 578 409 289 267 2.8Change 2011/2012, % 0.4 -0.4 0.6

Family typeMarried couple without children 523 221 . . 2.0Cohabiting couple without children 203 334 . . 2.0Married couple with children 439 194 352 159 179 184 4.0Cohabiting couple with children 118 136 107 751 68 024 3.7Mother with children 149 143 102 013 38 928 2.5Father with children 30 714 16 081 2 853 2.3Registered male couple 1) 829 6 1 2.0Registered female couple 1) 1 162 399 277 2.5

1) Incl. registered partnerships with children

Families and children by the number of children, 2012

Number of children under 181 2 3 4– Total

Children in families 252 986 441 612 227 907 136 159 1 058 664% 23.9 41.7 21.5 12.9 100

Families 252 986 220 806 75 969 28 648 578 409% 43.7 38.2 13.1 5.0 100


33Population

Foreigners in Finland

Country of citizenship

2012 % Annualchange, %

2013 % Annualchange, %

Estonia 39 763 20.3 16.9 44 774 21.6 12.6Russia 30 183 15.4 2.0 30 757 14.8 1.9Sweden 8 412 4.3 -0.8 8 382 4.0 -0.4Somalia 7 468 3.8 0.6 7 465 3.6 -0.0China 6 622 3.4 7.5 7 121 3.4 7.5Thailand 6 031 3.1 8.8 6 484 3.1 7.5Iraq 5 919 3.0 3.1 6 353 3.1 7.3Turkey 4 272 2.2 2.7 4 398 2.1 2.9India 4 030 2.1 6.2 4 372 2.1 8.5United Kingdom 3 878 2.0 5.8 4 048 2.0 4.4Germany 3 906 2.0 2.6 3 974 1.9 1.7Viet Nam 3 345 1.7 8.5 3 595 1.7 7.5Poland 2 886 1.5 16.4 3 319 1.6 15.0Afghanistan 2 989 1.5 5.0 3 202 1.5 7.1Former Serbia and

Montenegro 3 038 1.6 0.9 3 155 1.5 3.9Others 62 769 32.1 5.8 66 112 31.9 5.3Total 195 511 100 6.8 207 511 100 6.1

Finnish citizenships granted 1)

Country of previous citizenship 2009 2010 2011 2012Russia 1 026 1 925 1 652 2 477Somalia 290 131 96 609Estonia 166 243 302 521Afghanistan 186 108 100 510Iraq 207 78 106 457Iran, Islamic Republic of 180 137 145 451Former Serbia and Montenegro 154 109 106 297Turkey 94 132 166 278Former Sudan 49 17 24 228Sweden 126 104 196 190Viet Nam 42 54 82 150Ukraine 53 92 95 148China 53 85 88 124India 27 73 76 117Bangladesh 19 32 53 114Others 741 1 014 1 271 2 416Total 3 413 4 334 4 558 9 087

1) Persons permanently resident in Finland


34 Population

Population by language

2010 2011 2012 2013Finnish 4 857 903 4 863 351 4 866 848 4 869 362Swedish 291 153 291 219 290 977 290 910Sami 1 832 1 870 1 900 1 930

Other languages:Russian 54 559 58 331 62 554 66 379Estonian 28 493 33 076 38 364 42 936Somali 12 985 14 045 14 769 15 789English 12 855 13 804 14 666 15 570Arabic 10 415 11 252 12 042 13 170Kurdish 8 032 8 623 9 280 10 075Chinese 7 546 8 257 8 820 9 496Albanian 7 113 7 408 7 760 8 214Thai 5 722 6 342 6 926 7 513Persian 5 020 5 593 6 422 7 281Vietnamese 5 637 6 060 6 549 6 991Turkish 5 374 5 720 6 097 6 441Spanish 4 594 4 988 5 470 6 022German 5 447 5 592 5 792 5 902Others 50 596 55 736 61 438 67 289Total 5 375 276 5 401 267 5 426 674 5 451 270

Asylum-seekers and refugees

2010 2011 2012 2013

Asylum-seekers 4 018 3 088 3 129 3 238Decisions on asylum 1)

Asylum granted 181 169 553 556Residence permit granted 2) 1 603 1 102 1 048 1 271No asylum or residence permit granted 3 428 1 890 1 738 1 903

Family reunificationPositive decisions 3) 423 l 495 611 875Negative decisions 3) 596 l 1 004 1 030 1 692

Quota 750 750 750 750Received refugees 4) 5) 3 207 1 724 1 431 1 782Immigrating as refugees 5), from 1973– 37 587 39 311 40 742 42 524

1) Decisions of the Finnish Immigration Service2) Incl. residence permits granted on the basis of humanitarian and subsidiary protection3) In 2010 one decision can concern more than one person, from 2011 onwards one person4) Refugees by quota, asylum-seekers having received a favourable decision, persons admitted under the family reunification scheme5) Excl. refugees at reception centres awaiting placement in municipalities


35Prices and Costs

Consumer price index

2010 = 1002011 2012 2013

Total index 103.4 106.3 107.9Food and non-alcoholic beverages 106.3 111.8 117.7Alcoholic beverages, tobacco 100.8 107.9 110.3Clothing and footwear 101.2 103.9 102.6Housing, water, electricity, gas and

other fuels 106.3 108.1 108.5Furnishings, household equipment and

routine maintenance of the house 102.3 103.9 105.4Health 100.7 101.1 102.9Transport 103.9 108.6 110.0Communication 98.0 91.7 85.6Recreation and culture 99.7 100.2 100.8Education 103.2 105.0 107.9Restaurants and hotels 102.5 106.4 111.1Miscellaneous goods and services 103.6 107.8 108.1

Inflation

Consumer price index: average annual change

201320102005200019951990198519801975-5

0

5

10

15

20%

Cost-of-living index (1951:10 = 100)

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2012 2013

Total index 138 223 651 1 248 1 501 1 751 1 863 1 890

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36 Prices and Costs

Coefficients for monetary value

By coefficients it is possible to convert the Finnish markka used in 1960–2001 and the euro of the years 2002–2012 into 2013 euroYear Coefficient Year Coefficient Year Coefficient

2013 = 1.000 2013 = 1.000 2013 = 1.0001960 0.0230 2002 1.2091 2008 1.09271970 1.4283 2003 1.1986 2009 1.09261980 0.4885 2004 1.1963 2010 1.07951990 0.2547 2005 1.1861 2011 1.04332000 0.2118 2006 1.1656 2012 1.01482001 0.2065 2007 1.1371 2013 1.0000

Building cost index

Total index 2009 2010 2011 2012 20132010 = 100 . . 100.0 103.3 105.8 106.92000 = 100 126.1 127.5 131.7 134.9 136.31964 = 100 1 145.2 1 157.6 1 196.0 1 225.0 1 237.4

Average annual change, % -1.1 1.1 3.3 2.4 1.0

Selected mean prices

Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013¤

Low fat milk l 0.79 0.84 0.87 1.05Butter 500 g 1.93 2.33 2.92 3.06Cheese, Emmenthal kg 12.57 13.13 13.82 14.13Eggs kg 3.00 3.25 3.93 4.25Potatoes kg 0.68 0.80 0.82 0.94Macaroni 400 g 0.41 0.42 0.41 0.43Wheat flour 2 kg 1.04 1.21 1.24 1.38Wheat bread 500 g 1.52 1.65 1.78 1.94Minced beef kg 8.33 8.74 9.65 10.68Beef roast kg 12.10 13.54 15.87 16.88Chicken breast fillet kg 11.28 12.47 13.12 13.75Sausage kg 3.85 4.24 4.44 4.80Rainbow trout, whole kg 8.62 10.18 8.43 9.04Tuna fish, tinned 150 g 1.27 1.49 1.71 1.85Coffee, packaged 500 g 3.06 4.25 4.11 3.56Caster sugar kg 0.96 1.00 1.06 1.13Tomatoes kg 3.67 3.18 3.24 3.08Cucumbers kg 2.61 2.49 2.60 2.77Oranges kg 1.48 1.46 1.52 1.61Bananas kg 1.57 1.64 1.58 1.70Petrol 95 E10 l 1.43 1.56 1.67 1.64Cinema ticket ea. 9.60 10.11 10.86 11.12

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37Science, Technology and Information SocietyResearch and development expenditure

2011 2012 2013 1)

€ million % € million % € million %

Business enterprises 5 047 70.5 4 695 68.7 4 682 68.7Public sector 2) 684 9.6 662 9.7 660 9.7University sector 3) 1 432 20.0 1 475 21.6 1 470 21.6Total 7 164 100 6 832 100 6 812 100% of GDP 3.8 *3.6 *3.51) Estimate based on survey responses and other calculations2) Incl. private non-profit sector3) Incl. central university hospitals and polytechnics

Communications

Unit 2009 2010 2011 2012

Fixed telephone subscriptions 1 000 1 430 1 250 1 080 890Mobile telephone

subscriptions 1 000 7 700 8 390 8 940 9 320Broadband subscriptions 1 000 2 474 3 196 6 296 7 409Fixed telephone subscriptions no./1 000 inh. 267 233 200 164Mobile telephone

subscriptions no./1 000 inh. 1 439 1 561 1 655 1 717Broadband subscriptions no./1 000 inh. 462 595 1 166 1 365Outgoing calls from fixed local

networks million 692 580 484 414Outgoing mobile phone calls million 4 986 5 136 5 110 4 988Text messages million 3 800 4 003 4 565 5 494

Frequency of information tehnology equipment in households 1)

20

40

60

80

100

2013201220112010200920082007200620052004

Smartphone Mobile Internet phone (WAP/GPRS/3G)

Broadband connectionPC

% of households

1) The age of the household reference person is between 15 and 74

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38 Social Protection

Social expenditure by function

Net expenditure, ¤ million2011 % 2012 %

Sickness and health 14 156 25.0 14 836 24.7Disability 6 558 11.6 6 761 11.3Old age 20 384 36.0 22 055 36.7Survivors 1 700 3.0 1 744 2.9Family and children 6 095 10.8 6 388 10.6Unemployment 3 879 6.8 4 057 6.8Housing 973 1.7 1 048 1.7Other social protection 1 444 2.5 1 593 2.7Administration 1 506 2.7 1 536 2.6Total of social expenditure 56 695 100 60 017 100% of GDP 30.0 31.2

Pension beneficiaries

Pension category 2010 2011 2012 2013

Old-age pension 1 093 267 1 134 942 1 174 470 1 209 645Unemployment pension 33 938 23 017 10 956 5 257Disability pension 267 248 260 453 250 703 241 872Part-time pension 28 764 27 521 23 511 20 433Special pensions for farmers 24 330 22 152 20 155 18 304Surviving spouse’s pension 263 176 262 692 261 135 259 932Orphan’s pension 22 503 21 808 21 147 20 407Total 1) 1 463 835 1 483 041 1 494 425 1 513 122

1) The same individual may be the beneficiary of more than one type of pension

Total pension distribution among pension beneficiaries 1)

on 31 December 2013

Total pension All beneficiaries Males Females¤/month Number % Number % Number % 0 – 799 177 141 12.8 65 471 10.5 111 670 14.6 800 – 1 099 284 013 20.5 98 096 15.7 185 917 24.41 100 – 1 399 295 172 21.3 111 791 17.9 183 381 24.01 400 – 1 699 196 959 14.2 89 835 14.4 107 124 14.01 700 – 1 999 146 859 10.6 75 964 12.2 70 895 9.32 000 – 2 299 96 572 7.0 54 962 8.8 41 610 5.52 300 – 2 599 61 616 4.4 37 364 6.0 24 252 3.22 600 – 127 415 9.2 89 726 14.4 37 689 4.9Total 1 385 747 100 623 209 100 762 538 100Average pension,¤/month 1 549 1 760 1 376

1) Finnish residents receiving old-age, disability, unemployment and special farmer’s pension

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39Trade

Domestic trade (TOL 2008)

Volume indices

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

Sale of motor vehicles

Retail trade

Wholesale trade

2012201020082006200420022000 -13*

2010 = 100

Turnover 1)

2011 2012 2013¤ million % 2) ¤ million % 2) ¤ million % 2)

Sale of motor vehicles 18 465 16.9 17 561 -4.9 13 479 -23.2Wholesale trade 74 517 8.5 78 997 6.0 72 843 -7.8Retail trade 37 005 4.9 37 812 2.2 38 313 1.3

1) The turnover data for the years 2011 and 2012 are based on the annual statistics on Finnish enterprises, the preliminary data for 2013 on the data on the turnover of trade2) Annual change

Imports, exports and trade balance

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Exports

Imports

Trade balance

2012201020082006200420022000

€ billion

-13*

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40 Trade

Foreign trade, 2013*

Imports Exports Trade balance

¤ million % ¤ million % ¤ millionMain trading partners

Russia 10 520 18.1 5 353 9.6 -5 167Sweden 6 674 11.5 6 475 11.6 -200Germany 7 323 12.6 5 427 9.7 -1 896Netherlands 3 354 5.8 3 460 6.2 106China 3 676 6.3 2 764 4.9 -913United States 1 960 3.4 3 560 6.4 1 600United Kingdom 1 851 3.2 2 907 5.2 1 055France 1 917 3.3 1 827 3.3 -90Estonia 1 683 2.9 1 747 3.1 64Belgium 1 231 2.1 1 922 3.4 690Other countries 18 046 31.0 20 553 36.7 2 507Total 58 236 100 55 994 100 -2 243

Trade by country group

EU28 32 973 56.6 30 959 55.3 -2 014Euro area 19 911 34.2 17 976 32.1 -1 935

Rest of Europe 12 987 22.3 9 072 16.2 -3 915Asia 7 574 13.0 8 186 14.6 612Africa 756 1.3 1 298 2.3 542North and Middle America 2 479 4.3 4 731 8.4 2 252South America 1 320 2.3 1 165 2,1 -155Oceania 148 0.3 583 1.0 436OECD 36 287 62.3 37 873 67.6 1 586Developing countries 8 848 15.2 9 573 17.1 724

Imports and exports by products by activity (CPA 2008)

Imports ¤ million %

Chemical industry products 12 439 21.4Products from mining and quarrying 10 217 17.5Electric and electronics industry products 6 926 11.9Transport equipment 4 753 8.2Machinery and equipment 4 652 8.0Other 19 250 33.1

Exports € million %

Chemical industry products 13 806 24.7Forest industry products 11 221 20.0Metal and metal products 7 958 14.2Machinery and equipment 7 513 13.4Electric and electronics industry products 6 395 11.4Other 9 100 16.3

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41Transport and Tourism

Transport

2010 2011 2012 2013

Transport network, kmLength of railway line 1) 5 919 5 944 5 944 5 944Length of tram line 91 95 96 96Length of underground line 21 21 21 21Highways 2) 78 162 78 139 78 109 78 093Streets 3) 28 531 28 973 28 899 . .Coastal waterways 10 073 10 079 10 089 10 112Inland waterways 9 747 9 791 9 806 9 844Passengers by mode of transport, millionRailway transport 68.9 68.4 69.3 69.3Tramway transport 54.5 53.7 57.2 56.7Underground transport 57.1 61.5 62.2 63.5Bus and motor coach transport 4) 339.8 346.8 351.8 . .Water transport 5) 21.7 22.0 22.1 22.5Air transport 5) 16.5 19.1 19.2 19.0Domestic passenger transport performance, million passenger kmPublic transport 13 248 l 13 208 l 13 304 . .

Railway transport 3 959 3 882 4 035 4 053Tramway transport 113 l 118 l 125 124Underground transport 417 l 397 l 401 401Bus and motor coach transport 7 540 7 540 7 540 7 540Coastal transport 126 124 119 126Inland water transport 15 11 9 8Air transport 1 078 1 137 1 075 . .

Passenger car transport 64 745 65 490 65 270 . .Domestic goods transport performance, million freight tonne kmRailway transport 9 750 9 395 9 275 9 470Road transport 25 401 23 770 21 927 20 967Coastal transport 3 635 3 973 2 846 1 903Inland water transport 246 262 293 290Air transport 1 1 1 . .Transit transport via Finland, 1 000 tRail transit: Eastbound 281 262 202 207 Westbound 4 550 4 704 4 748 5 191Road transit: Eastbound 2 065 2 166 2 002 . . Westbound . . . . . . . .Sea transit: Imports 2 053 2 169 1 938 1 687 Exports 5 350 5 298 5 162 5 8531) State railway line2) Roads maintained by the Finnish Transport Agency (31 Dec.). Ramps and ferry routes excluded.3) Roads and streets maintained by local authority4) Includes charter transport but not private transport5) National and international

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42 Transport and Tourism

Motor vehicles

2010 2011 2012 2013

Passenger cars 2 877 484 2 978 729 3 057 484 3 127 399per 1 000 inhabitants 535 551 563 574

Lorries and vans 464 408 488 939 508 011 526 098Other 26 296 26 689 27 223 27 640Total 3 368 188 3 494 357 3 592 718 3 681 137

per 1 000 inhabitants 627 647 662 675Motorcycles 226 877 236 661 244 968 251 525Tractors 376 807 383 951 391 335 399 507Snowmobiles 1) 121 976 125 937 130 581 135 473

1) Excl. Åland

Automobile stock

Passenger cars

All automobiles

2010200019901980197019601950194019300

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

3 000

3 500

4 000

-13

1 000

Road and water traffic accidents

2010 2011 2012 *2013Road traffic accidents

Involving personal injury 6 072 6 408 5 725 5 335Fatal 241 273 235 246Alcohol-related 709 683 542 565Deaths 272 292 255 260Persons injured 7 673 7 931 7 088 6 681

Water traffic accidents 1 595 1 636 1 407 . .Deaths 65 54 42 47


43Transport and Tourism

Number of overnight stays by foreigners at accommodation establishments 1)

Country of domicile Annual change, %2012 % *2013 % *2013

Russia 1 506 900 26.0 1 618 949 27.6 7.4Sweden 537 002 9.3 531 286 9.1 -1.1Germany 534 239 9.2 501 691 8.5 -6.1United Kingdom 405 541 7.0 456 257 7.8 12.5France 217 886 3.8 214 280 3.7 -1.7Japan 176 919 3.0 205 968 3.5 16.4United States 198 725 3.4 187 235 3.2 -5.8Estonia 235 482 4.1 187 045 3.2 -20.6Norway 182 639 3.1 174 151 3.0 -4.6Netherlands 164 918 2.8 158 604 2.7 -3.8Other 1 642 708 28.3 1 632 299 27.8 -0.6Total 5 802 959 100 5 867 765 100 1.1

1) Accommodation establishments with at least 20 bed places or caravan pitches with electrical connection points, as well as hostels

Finns’ leisure trips abroad 1)

Country of destination Annual change, %2012 % 2013 % 2013

Estonia 1 484 000 25.4 1 428 000 25.0 -3.8Sweden 738 000 12.6 677 000 11.8 -8.3Spain 610 000 10.5 657 000 11.5 7.7Russia 271 000 4.6 314 000 5.5 15.9Germany 247 000 4.2 295 000 5.2 19.4Italy 243 000 4.2 217 000 3.8 -10.7France 170 000 2.9 215 000 3.8 26.5Turkey 175 000 3.0 209 000 3.7 19.4United Kingdom 167 000 2.9 187 000 3.3 12.0Greece 222 000 3.8 160 000 2.8 -27.9Other 1 509 000 25.9 1 360 000 23.8 -9.9Total 5 836 000 100 5 719 000 100 -2.0

1) Trips with overnight stays in destination country made by the population aged 15 to 84

Travel account

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 *2013 ¤ million

Income 2 070 2 181 2 022 2 301 2 745 3 020 3 043Expenses 2 908 3 053 3 136 3 251 3 502 3 805 3 985Net -838 -872 -1 114 -950 -758 -785 -943


44 Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs

Index of wage and salary earnings

Index Annual change, %2010 = 100 Nominal Real2012 *2013 2012 *2013 2012 *2013

Total 106.0 108.1 3.2 2.0 0.3 0.5Private sector 105.6 107.7 3.0 2.1 0.1 0.6Local government 106.7 108.5 3.6 1.8 0.8 0.3Central government 107.7 110.1 3.9 2.2 1.1 0.7

Males 105.5 107.6 2.9 2.0 0.1 0.5Females 106.4 108.6 3.4 2.0 0.6 0.5

Average annual changes

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

2013*20102005200019951990198519801975

Index of real wage and salary earnings

Index of wage and salary earnings

%

Total earnings by level of education and age, 2012

€/month

1 000

2 000

3 000

4 000

5 000

6 000

7 000

Doctorate or equivalent level tertiary educationHigher-degree level tertiary educationLower-degree level tertiary educationLowest level tertiary educationUpper secondary level educationLower secondary education

60-6955-5950-5445-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24-20Age

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45Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs

Total earnings by employer sector and gender, 2012

Employer sector Full-time employeesNumber Monthly earnings, ¤

Total Males Females

Private 963 535 3 278 3 517 2 919 Primary production 1 444 3 330 3 377 3 078 Manufacturing 357 847 3 332 3 409 3 031 Services 604 244 3 247 3 622 2 892

Local government 377 068 2 931 3 415 2 802 Central government 75 339 3 647 3 935 3 319 Total 1 415 942 3 206 3 529 2 890

Total earnings by occupation and gender, 2012

Main category of occupation

Full-time employeesNumber Monthly earnings, ¤

Total Males Females

Armed forces 9 695 3 994 4 074 3 013Legislators, senior officials and managers 54 115 5 910 6 312 5 145Professionals 302 344 4 103 4 510 3 746Technicians and associate professionals 318 292 3 268 3 622 2 973Clerks 117 611 2 601 2 753 2 555Service workers and shop and market

sales workers 254 781 2 413 2 647 2 325Skilled agricultural and fishery workers 6 093 2 266 2 311 2 211Craft and related trades workers 148 235 2 896 2 934 2 460Plant and machine operators and

assemblers 114 459 2 917 3 016 2 518Elementary occupations 89 043 2 224 2 504 2 007Unknown 1 274 3 177 3 293 2 960Total 1 415 942 3 206 3 529 2 890

Wages and salaries 1) as % of national income

40

45

50

55

60

65 %

2012*20102008200620042002200019981996199419921990 -13*

1) Including wages and salaries receivable from the rest of the world, net. Excluding income from employee stock options.


46 Foreign Countries

Comparative international data

Area Population Population growth Life expectancy

1 000 km2 Million %/year years2012 2012 2010–2015 2014

Finland 338 5.4 0.3 80Sweden 450 9.5 0.7 82Norway 324 5.0 1.0 82Denmark 43 5.6 0.4 79Iceland 103 0.3 1.1 81Argentina 2 780 41.3 0.9 78Australia 7 692 22.7 1.3 82Austria 84 8.4 0.4 80Belgium 31 11.1 0.4 80Brazil 8 515 193.9 0.8 73Canada 9 985 34.9 1.0 82Chile 756 17.4 0.9 78China 9 597 1 350.7 0.6 75Czech Republic 79 10.5 0.4 78Egypt 1 002 82.5 1.6 73Estonia 45 1.3 -0.3 74France 552 63.5 0.5 82Germany 357 80.4 -0.1 80Greece 132 11.1 0.0 80Hungary 93 9.9 -0.2 75India 3 287 1 213.4 1.2 68Indonesia 1 911 247.2 1.2 72Ireland 70 4.6 1.1 81Israel 22 7.9 1.3 81Italy 301 59.5 0.2 82Japan 378 127.6 -0.1 84Latvia 65 2.0 -0.6 73Lithuania 65 3.0 -0.5 76Luxembourg 3 0.5 1.3 80Mexico 1 964 1) 112.3 1.2 75Netherlands 37 16.8 0.3 81New Zealand 270 4.4 1.0 81Nigeria 924 2) 140.0 2.8 53Pakistan 796 3) 177.1 1.7 67Poland 312 38.5 0.0 77Portugal 92 10.5 0.0 79Russia 17 098 143.2 -0.2 70South Africa 1 221 52.3 0.8 50Spain 506 46.8 0.4 81Switzerland 41 8.0 1.0 82Turkey 784 75.2 1.2 73Ukraine 604 45.4 -0.6 69United Kingdom 242 63.7 0.6 80United States 9 629 313.9 0.8 80

1) 2010 – 2) 2006 – 3) 2011


47Foreign Countries

Comparative international data

GNP per capita Unem-ployment

InflationPurchasing powerparity, USDUSD % %

2012 2012 2012 2013

Finland 46 490 39 150 7.7 1.5Sweden 56 120 43 960 8.0 0.0Norway 98 780 67 450 3.1 2.1Denmark 59 870 44 070 7.5 0.8Iceland 38 270 34 770 6.0 3.9Argentina . . . . 7.3 10.6Australia 59 260 42 540 5.2 2.4Austria 47 850 43 850 4.3 2.0Belgium 44 720 40 680 7.5 1.1Brazil 11 630 11 530 6.2 2.6Canada 51 570 42 270 7.2 0.9Chile 14 310 20 450 6.0 1.8China 5 720 9 040 4.1 10.9Czech Republic 18 130 25 480 7.0 1.4Egypt 2 980 6 450 12.7 6.9Estonia 16 270 23 280 10.2 2.8France 41 750 37 420 9.9 0.9Germany 45 070 43 720 5.5 1.5Greece 23 660 26 170 24.2 -0.9Hungary 12 410 21 350 10.9 1.7India 1 550 3 820 2.5 7.0Indonesia 3 420 4 730 6.1 6.8Ireland 39 020 35 790 14.7 0.5Israel 32 030 30 370 6.8 1.6Italy 34 640 34 700 10.7 1.2Japan 47 870 36 750 4.3 0.4Latvia 14 060 21 820 14.9 0.0Lithuania 13 820 23 540 13.2 1.2Luxembourg 71 640 60 950 5.1 1.7Mexico 9 640 16 140 4.8 3.8Netherlands 48 000 43 750 5.3 2.5New Zealand 36 900 32 620 6.9 1.1Nigeria 1 440 2 400 1) 23.9 8.5Pakistan 1 260 2 880 2) 6.0 7.4Poland 12 660 21 760 10.1 1.0Portugal 20 640 25 330 15.7 0.3Russia 12 700 22 800 5.5 5.8South Africa 7 460 10 780 25.1 5.8Spain 29 270 31 760 25.0 1.4Switzerland 80 970 55 000 4.2 -0.2Turkey 10 830 18 390 8.1 7.5Ukraine 3 500 7 180 7.5 -0.3United Kingdom 38 500 35 620 7.9 2.6United States 52 340 52 610 8.1 1.5

1) 2011 – 2) 2010


48 Foreign Countries

General government deficit/surplus and debt

EU Member State2014

Deficit (–) / surplus (+), % of GDP Debt, % of GDP2011 2012 2013 2011 2012 2013

Austria -2.5 -2.6 -1.5 73.1 74.4 74.5Belgium -3.8 -4.1 -2.6 99.2 101.1 101.5Bulgaria -2.0 -0.8 -1.5 16.3 18.4 18.9Croatia -7.8 -5.0 -4.9 52.0 55.9 67.1Cyprus -6.3 -6.4 -5.4 71.5 86.6 111.7Czech Republic -3.2 -4.2 -1.5 41.4 46.2 46.0Denmark -1.9 -3.8 -0.8 46.4 45.4 44.5Estonia 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 6.1 9.8 10.0Finland -0.7 -1.8 -2.1 49.3 53.6 57.0France -5.2 -4.9 -4.3 86.2 90.6 93.5Germany -0.8 0.1 0.0 80.0 81.0 78.4Greece -9.6 -8.9 -12.7 170.3 157.2 175.1Hungary 4.3 -2.1 -2.2 82.1 79.8 79.2Ireland -13.1 -8.2 -7.2 104.1 117.4 123.7Italy -3.7 -3.0 -3.0 120.7 127.0 132.6Latvia -3.5 -1.3 -1.0 42.0 40.8 38.1Lithuania -5.5 -3.2 -2.2 38.3 40.5 39.4Luxembourg 0.2 0.0 0.1 18.7 21.7 23.1Malta -2.7 -3.3 -2.8 68.8 70.8 73.0Netherlands -4.3 -4.1 -2.5 65.7 71.3 73.5Poland -5.1 -3.9 -4.3 56.2 55.6 57.0Portugal -4.3 -6.4 -4.9 108.2 124.1 129.0Romania -5.5 -3.0 -2.3 34.7 38.0 38.4Slovakia -4.8 -4.5 -2.8 43.6 52.7 55.4Slovenia -6.4 -4.0 -14.7 47.1 54.4 71.7Spain -9.6 -10.6 -7.1 70.5 86.0 93.9Sweden 0.2 -0.6 -1.1 38.6 38.3 40.6United Kingdom -7.6 -6.1 -5.8 84.3 89.1 90.6

Tax rate in selected countries, 2012*

Tax revenue as % of GDP/GNP

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%United States

IrelandJapan 1)

SpainUnited KingdomCzech Republic

GermanyNorwayAustriaFinland

SwedenItaly

FranceDenmark

1) 2011


Major regions (NUTS 2)

Town locations: National Land Survey of Finland

Rovaniemi

Northern andEastern Finland

Oulu

Kuopio

Joensuu

Mikkeli

Western Finland

Vaasa

Jyväskylä

Pori Tampere

Southern FinlandTurku

Lahti

KotkaÅland

Maarian-hamina

VantaaEspoo HelsinkiHelsinki-Uusimaa

SuomiFinland

1948 Member of the World Bank1948 Member of the IMF1955 Member of the UN1955 Member of the Nordic Council1961 Associate member of

the EFTA1969 Member of the OECD1986 Full member of

the EFTA1989 Member of

the Council of Europe1995 Member of

the European Union

Communication and Cover photograph: Information Services vastavalo.fi / Anne SaarinenStatistics Finland Cover design: tel. +358 29 551 2220 Irene Koumolou, Statistics Finlandwww.stat.fi

Publication orders: Editing and layout:Edita Publishing Oy Statistics Finland, General publicationstel. +358 20 450 05 Printed by:www.editapublishing.fi Edita Prima Oy, Helsinki 2014

© 2014 Statistics Finland

Quoting is encouraged provided Statistics Finland is acknowledged as the source.


ISSN 2242−8496 (pdf)ISBN 978−952−244−495−0 (pdf)ISSN 0357−0371 (print)ISBN 978−952−244−475−2 (print)Product number 3056 (print)

2014Finland in Figures

Taskut_2014.indd 3 8.5.2014 14:38:32

finland in figures · 2014-06-03 · 9 789522 44475 2 issn 2242−8496 (pdf) isbn...

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