figure 4.4 valences of the major elements of organic molecules

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Ch4 Carbon 5251.notebook 1 September 18, 2011 Figure 4.3 The shapes of three simple organic molecules Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

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Page 1: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

1

September 18, 2011

Figure 4.3 The shapes of three simple organic molecules

Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Page 2: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Figure 4.5 Variation in carbon skeletons

Figure 4.6 The role of hydrocarbons in fats

Page 3: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011Figure 4.7 Three types of isomers

 ­ Differ in covalent partners

­ Differ in arrangement about a double bond.  

­ Differ in spatial arrangement around an asymmetric carbon, resulting in molecules that are mirror images, like left and right hands.  

Biologically active ­ treats Parkinson's DiseaseBiologically Inactive ­ does not treat Parkinson's Disease

Importance of Structure and Function

Page 4: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Figure 4.8 The pharmacological importance of enantiomers

Figure 4.9 A comparison of chemical groups of female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones (Importance of Functional Groups)

Page 5: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

http://www.tutor­homework.com/Chemistry_Help/electronegativity_table/electronegativity.html

Figure 4.10 Some biologically important chemical groups

Page 6: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Figure 4.10 Some biologically important chemical groups