¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂà¾×èÍÊ‹§àÊÃÔÁ¹ÔÊÑÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉáÅФÇÒÁࢌÒã¨ã¹¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ

Use of Extensive Reading Activity to Promote English ReadingHabit and English Reading Comprehension

¨ÔÃÒÀó� ¼ ا1

Chiraporn Phadung

¹ÔÊÒ¡Ã ¨ÒÃØÁ³Õ2

Nisakorn Charumanee

Abstract The purposes of this experimental study were to compare the English

reading habit and the English reading comprehension before and after using

extensive reading activities, and to investigate the satisfaction of the students

towards the use of extensive reading activities. The experimental group was38 Pratomsuksa 5 students at Kitikhun School in the first semester of the 2009academic year. The experimental instruments were 8 lesson plans on extensivereading activities. The instruments for data collection were an English readingcomprehension test, a reading habit questionnaire, teacher’s observation notesand the record of borrowed books. The experiment and the data collectionprocedure took 20 hours. The obtained data were calculated for percentage,mean, standard deviation and paired-sample t-test. Results from the comparisons

1 ¹Ñ¡ÈÖ¡ÉÒ»ÃÔÞÞÒâ· (ÊÒ¢Ò¡ÒÃÊ͹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ໚¹ÀÒÉÒ¹Ò¹ÒªÒµÔ) ¤³ÐÈÔÅ»ÈÒʵÃ� ÁËÒÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑ ʧ¢ÅÒ¹¤ÃÔ¹·Ã� ÇÔ·ÂÒࢵËÒ´ãËÞ‹ M.A. student (Teaching English as an International Language) Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus2 ÃͧÈÒʵÃÒ¨ÒÃÂ� ´Ã. ÍÒ¨ÒÃÂ�»ÃШÓÀÒ¤ÇÔªÒÀÒÉÒáÅÐÀÒÉÒÈÒʵÃ� ¤³ÐÈÔÅ»ÈÒʵÃ� ÁËÒÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑ ʧ¢ÅÒ¹¤ÃÔ¹·Ã� ÇÔ·ÂÒࢵËÒ´ãËÞ‹ Associate Professor, Ph.D, Department of Languages and Linguistics, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus

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of the level of English reading ability and reading habit before and after the

implementation of extensive reading activities showed that the reading ability

and the reading habit increased significantly at the .01 level. Before beingintroduced to extensive activities, the students perceived the importance of

reading and practiced reading behavior at the moderate level ( =3.28), butafter the treatment, this rose to a high level ( =3.76). The ability of readingcomprehension also increased by 4.56% which is significantly higher thanthe level before the treatment (P<0.01). The results show that extensivereading activity can help the students develop their ability in reading and

encourage their reading habit. Students were highly satisfied with the extensivereading activities as they showed the high enthusiasm in their participation.In addition, the record of books borrowed from the English corner showed

the high and consistent rate throughout the treatment. All these findingssuggest that administrators and teachers should acknowledge the needs for

extensive reading and provide a sufficient number of interesting and appropriatebooks as well as consistently organize related activities to promote students’reading habit and life-long learning.

Key Words: extensive reading, reading habit, english reading comprehension

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(N=38)

(N=38)

Paired Sample

t-test

X S.D X S.D t Sig.

(2-tailed)

1.

3.45

( )

1.108 4.00

( )

0.838 2.524 .016*

2

3.47

( )

0.951 3.87

( )

0.844 2.113 .041*

3

3.76

( )

1.051 4.21

( )

0.777 2.340 .025*

4

4.29

( )

0.835 4.39

( )

0.638 0.681 .500

5

3.42

( )

0.889 3.50

( )

0.762 0.453 .653

6

3.87

( )

1.256 3.87

( )

0.777 0.000 1.000

7 3.68

( )

1.016 4.11

( )

0.727 2.205 .034*

8

3.84

( )

1.001 4.45

( )

0.760 3.541 .001**

9

3.24

( )

1.195 3.63

( )

0.913 1.959 .058

10

3.18

( )

1.291 3.89

( )

0.831 3.020 .005**

3.62

( )

0.62 3.99

( )

0.44 4.165 .000**

81ÇÒÃÊÒÃÈÔÅ»ÈÒʵÃ�»‚·Õè 3 ©ºÑº·Õè 1 à ×͹Á¡ÃÒ¤Á-ÁԶعÒ¹ 2554

82 ÇÒÃÊÒÃÈÔÅ»ÈÒʵÃ�»‚·Õè 3 ©ºÑº·Õè 1 à ×͹Á¡ÃÒ¤Á-ÁԶعÒ¹ 2554

µÒÃÒ§·Õè 1 áÊ´§ãËŒàËç¹Ç‹Ò¡‹Í¹ãªŒ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¹ѡàÃÕ¹ÁͧàË繤ÇÒÁÊÓ¤ÑÞáÅлÃÐ⪹�¢Í§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ã¹ÃРѺÁҡ໚¹Ê‹Ç¹ãËÞ‹ (¢ŒÍ 1-8) »ÃÐ⪹�ÊÙ§ÊØ´¢Í§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹¤×Í·ÓãËŒä ŒÃÙŒÊÔè§ãËÁ‹ (¢ŒÍ4 : = 4.29) ÊÓËÃѺ»ÃÐ⪹�µ‹ÍªÕÇÔµ»ÃШÓÇѹáÅÐà¾×èÍãËŒäÁ‹à˧Ò໚¹»ÃÐ⪹�ã¹ÃРѺ»Ò¹¡ÅÒ§ (¢ŒÍ 9 áÅÐ 10 : = 3.24 áÅÐ 3.18µÒÁÅÓ Ñº) Í‹ҧäáçµÒÁàÁ×èÍà»ÃÕºà·ÕºÀÒÂËÅѧ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¾ºÇ‹Ò¡ÒÃàË繤ÇÒÁÊÓ¤ÑÞáÅлÃÐ⪹�·Ø¡ ŒÒ¹à¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ Ñ´ÍÂÙ‹ã¹ÃРѺÁÒ¡ (¢ŒÍ 1-10) áÅÐ໚¹¡ÒÃà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹Í‹ҧÁÕ¹ÑÂÊÓ¤Ñ޷ҧʶԵÔã¹»ÃÐà ç¹à¡ÕèÂǡѺ¤Ø³¤‹Ò¢Í§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ÊÓËÃѺªÕÇÔµ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹(¢ŒÍ 1) ¡ÒÃãËŒ¤ÇÒÁà¾ÅÔ´à¾ÅÔ¹ (¢ŒÍ 2) ¡ÒÃà¾ÔèÁ¾Ù¹¤ÇÒÁÃÙŒ (¢ŒÍ 3) ¡Ò÷ÓãËŒÃٌ෋ҷѹ¤¹(¢ŒÍ 7) ¡Ò÷ÓãËŒà¡Ô´ Ô¹µ¹Ò¡ÒÃÊÌҧÊÃä� (¢ŒÍ 8) áÅзÓãËŒäÁ‹àË§Ò (¢ŒÍ 10) ÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒÃãËŒ»ÃÐ⪹�·Õèà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ÊÙ§ÊØ´¤×Í ¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹·ÓãËŒà¡Ô´ Ô¹µ¹Ò¡ÒÃÊÌҧÊÃä� (¢ŒÍ 8 : = 4.45)áÅÐÃͧŧÁÒ¤×Í ·ÓãËŒä Œ¤ÇÒÁÃÙŒãËÁ‹ (¢ŒÍ 4 : = 4.39) ÊÓËÃѺ¾ÄµÔ¡ÃÃÁáÅФÇÒÁµŒÍ§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹¡‹Í¹áÅÐËÅѧ¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂÁÕ¡ÒþѲ¹Òã¹·Ò§·Õè Õઋ¹¡Ñ¹ ÀÒ¾ÃÇÁ¢Í§¾ÄµÔ¡ÃÃÁáÅФÇÒÁµŒÍ§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹àÃÔèÁµŒ¹·ÕèÃРѺ»Ò¹¡ÅÒ§( = 2.95) áÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¢ͧ¾ÄµÔ¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃШÒµÑé§áµ‹ÃРѺ¹ŒÍ¶֧ÁÒ¡(µèÓÊØ´ = ¢ŒÍ 13 : = 1.74, ÊÙ§ÊØ´ = ¢ŒÍ 17 : = 4.21) ¡ÒÃÂ×Á˹ѧÊ×ÍÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉä»Í‹Ò¹·Õ躌ҹ໚¹¾ÄµÔ¡ÃÃÁ·Õ辺ã¹ÃРѺ¹ŒÍ·ÕèÊØ´ (¢ŒÍ 13 : = 1.74) ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹Ñ鹡ÒÃẋ§àÇÅÒ͋ҹ˹ѧÊ×ÍÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ (¢ŒÍ 12 : = 1.97) áÅСÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ã¹ÂÒÁÇ‹Ò§ (¢ŒÍ 11 : = 2.32)໚¹ÊÔ觷Õè¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹» ԺѵԹŒÍÂઋ¹¡Ñ¹ Í‹ҧäáçµÒÁ¼Å¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·ÕºËÅѧ¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ ¾ºÇ‹ÒÁÕ¡ÒÃà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ÍÂÙ‹ã¹ÃРѺÁÒ¡áÅÐ໚¹¡ÒÃà¾ÔèÁÊÙ§¢Öé¹Í‹ҧÁÕ¹ÑÂÊÓ¤ÑÞ·Ò§Ê¶ÔµÔ ( = 3.53) â´Â੾ÒÐÍ‹ҧÂÔ觻ÃÐà ç¹·Õè» ÔºÑµÔ¹ŒÍµ͹àÃÔèÁµŒ¹¾Ñ²¹Ò¢Öé¹ÁÒ·ÕèÃРѺ»Ò¹¡Åҧ໚¹Ê‹Ç¹ãËÞ‹ ¡Å‹ÒǤ×Í ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹Â×Á˹ѧÊ×Íä»Í‹Ò¹·Õ躌ҹÁÒ¡¢Öé¹(¢ŒÍ 13 : ¡‹Í¹ = 1.74, ËÅѧ = 3.05) ¡ÒÃẋ§àÇÅÒ͋ҹ˹ѧÊ×ÍÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ(¢ŒÍ 12 : ¡‹Í¹ = 1.97, ËÅѧ = 2.50) áÅСÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ã¹ÂÒÁÇ‹Ò§ (¢ŒÍ 11 : ¡‹Í¹= 2.32, ËÅѧ = 2.76)

¨Ò¡·Õ辺NjҹÔÊÑÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹·Ñé§ã¹á§‹»ÃÐà 繡ÒÃÁͧàË繤ÇÒÁÊÓ¤ÑÞáÅлÃÐ⪹�¢Í§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹áÅоĵԡÃÃÁ¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹à¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹Í‹ҧÁÕ¹ÑÂÊÓ¤Ñ޷ҧʶԵԷÕèÃРѺ .05 áÅÐ .01áÊ´§Ç‹Ò¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂÊ‹§¼Åã¹àªÔ§ºÇ¡µ‹Í¡ÒþѲ¹Ò¹ÔÊÑÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹

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µÒÃÒ§·Õè 2 ¼Å¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·ÕºÃРѺ¤ÇÒÁࢌÒã¨ã¹¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡Äɢͧ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹¡‹Í¹áÅÐËÅѧ¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂ

** ÁÕ¹ÑÂÊÓ¤Ñ޷ҧʶԵԷÕèÃРѺ .01

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3. ¤ÇÒÁ¾Ö§¾Í㨢ͧ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹µ‹Í¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¼šÒÃÊÓÃǨ¤ÇÒÁ¾Ö§¾Í㨢ͧ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹µ‹Í¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ áÊ´§ã¹µÒÃÒ§·Õè 3µÒÃÒ§·Õè 3 ¤ÇÒÁ¾Ö§¾Í㨢ͧ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹µ‹Í¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂ

(%)

(%)

(N=38)

( X )

N=38

(S.D.)

t-value

Sig.

(2-tailed)

30 44.39 4.56 13.32 3.050

30 48.95 14.68 3.595 3.040 .004**

** .01

X

3

( ) X S.D.

1. Who will put the Rattle around the at’s Neck

1.1 What happened? (True or false)

1.2 Let’s Talk

( )

1.3

32 84.21

3.74

3.82

4.26

0.72

0.98

1.06

3.94( ) 0.58

84 ÇÒÃÊÒÃÈÔÅ»ÈÒʵÃ�»‚·Õè 3 ©ºÑº·Õè 1 à ×͹Á¡ÃÒ¤Á-ÁԶعÒ¹ 2554

( ) X S.D.

2. The Fox and the Grapes

2.1

2.2

2.3

38 100

4.29

3.63

4.26

0.80

1.02

0.86

4.06( ) 0.66

3. The Salt Merchant and his Donkey

1.1

1.2

1.3

36 94.74

4.16

4.21

4.53

0.82

0.91

0.83

4.30( ) 0.59

4. A Bird with Ears, a Rat with Wings

4.1 Who said it?

4.2

4.3

37 97.37

4.03

4.05

4.17

0.79

0.77

0.46

4.26( ) 0.58

5. The Goose the Rat and the Rabbit

5.1

5.2

5.3

35 92.11

4.21

3.37

4.05

0.99

0.82

1.04

3.88( ) 0.71

6. The Ant and the Pupa

6.1

6.2

6.3

38 100

4.00

4.05

4.74

0.87

0.87

0.55

4.26( ) 0.62

7. The Lucky Farmer and the Greedy Rich Man

7.1 True or False

7.2

37 97.37

4.24

4.32

0.79

0.66

4.28( ) 0.61

8. The Three Oxen 36 94.74

85ÇÒÃÊÒÃÈÔÅ»ÈÒʵÃ�»‚·Õè 3 ©ºÑº·Õè 1 à ×͹Á¡ÃÒ¤Á-ÁԶعÒ¹ 2554

¼Å¨Ò¡µÒÃÒ§·Õè 3 áÊ´§ãËŒàËç¹Ç‹Ò¼ÙŒàÃÕ¹ÁÕ·Ñȹ¤µÔ·Õè Õµ‹Í¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ â´ÂÃкؤÇÒÁ¾Ö§¾Íã¨ã¹ÃРѺÁÒ¡¶Ö§ÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´ ( = 3.55 - 4.74)¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ·Õè¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ʋǹãËÞ‹ªÍºÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´¤×Í ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁáÊ´§ÅФà ( = 4.74, 4.53, 4.26,4.17) ÃͧŧÁÒ¤×Í¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁàÅ‹Ò¹Ô·Ò¹¨Ò¡àÃ×èͧ·ÕèÍ‹Ò¹ ( = 4.29, 4.05) ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹Õé¨Ò¡¡ÒÃÊѧࡵ¾ÄµÔ¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃËÇÁ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹¾ºÇ‹Ò¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¡Ãе×ÍÃ×ÍÃŒ¹·Ø¡¤ÃÑé§ã¹¡Ò÷ӡԨ¡ÃÃÁâ´Â੾ÒÐÍ‹ҧÂÔ觡ÒÃáÊ´§ÅФà àËç¹ä ŒªÑ´Ç‹Ò·Ø¡¤ÃÑ駷ÕèÁÕ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁáÊ´§ÅФùѡàÃÕ¹¨Ð¡Ãе×ÍÃ×ÍÃŒ¹áÅÐÃѺÍÒÊÒáÊ´§Ë¹ŒÒˌͧâ´ÂäÁ‹µŒÍ§ºÑ§¤Ñº ¤ÇÒÁʹ㨠ѧ¡Å‹ÒÇÊÒÁÒöàª×èÍÁ⧡Ѻ¼ÅºÑ¹·Ö¡¡ÒÃÂ×Á˹ѧÊ×ͨӹǹ·Ñé§ËÁ´ 22 àÅ‹Á ¢Í§¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹«Ö觾ºÇ‹ÒÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¶Õèà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ÊÁèÓàÊÁ͵‹Íà¹×èͧµÅÍ´ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ¡Ò÷´Åͧ¡àÇŒ¹ÊÑ»´ÒË�·Õè 5 áÅÐÊÑ»´ÒË�·Õè 6 à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹µŒÍ§à¢ŒÒËÇÁ¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁᢋ§¢Ñ¹¡ÕÌÒ (µÒÃÒ§·Õè 4) â´ÂÃÇÁÊÒÁÒö¡Å‹ÒÇä ŒÇ‹Ò¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ÁÕ·Ñȹ¤µÔ·Õè Õµ‹Í¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹·ÕèËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂáÅÐÊ‹§¼ÅãËŒ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ʹã¨Í‹Ò¹Ë¹Ñ§Ê×Í ŒÇµ¹àͧà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹

µÒÃÒ§·Õè 4 ʶԵԡÒÃÂ×Á˹ѧÊ×ÍÍ‹Ò¹à¾ÔèÁàµÔÁã¹áµ‹ÅÐÊÑ»´ÒË�

( ) X S.D.

2. The Fox and the Grapes 38 100

R

8. The Three Oxen

8.1

8.2

8.3

36 94.74

3.58

3.55

4.16

1.08

0.92

0.95

3.76( ) 0.79

1 22 17 77.27

2 22 19 86.36

3 22 22 100

4 22 20 90.91

5 22 17 77.27

6 22 14 63.64

7 22 20 90.91

8 22 22 100

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àÍ¡ÊÒÃ͌ҧÍÔ§¡ÃÁÇÔªÒ¡Òà ¡ÃзÃǧÈÖ¡ÉÒ Ô¡ÒÃ. (2544). ËÅÑ¡ÊٵáÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ¢Ñé¹¾×é¹°Ò¹ ¾Ø·¸ÈÑ¡ÃÒª 2544. ¡Ãا෾Ï: âç¾ÔÁ¾�ͧ¤�¡ÒÃÃѺʋ§ÊÔ¹¤ŒÒáÅоÑÊ ØÀѳ±�.¨µØ¾Ã ྪÃá¡ŒÇ. (2546). ¡ÒÃ㪌¡ÅÇÔ ÕÅÔ¹«�à¾×èÍà¾ÔèÁ¾Ù¹¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö㹡ÒÃàÃÕ¹ÃÙŒ ¤ÓÈѾ·� ¤ÇÒÁ¤§·¹ã¹¡ÒèÓáÅФÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö㹡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡Äɢͧ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ ªÑé¹ÁѸÂÁÈÖ¡ÉÒ»‚·Õè 4. ÇÔ·ÂÒ¹Ô¾¹ �ÈÖ¡ÉÒÈÒʵÃÁËҺѳ±Ôµ. ºÑ³±ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑ ÁËÒÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑÂàªÕ§ãËÁ‹. ©ÇÕÇÃó ¤ÙËÒÍÀԹѹ·¹�. (2545). ¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹áÅСÒÃÊ‹§àÊÃÔÁ¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹. ¡Ãا෾ÁËÒ¹¤Ã: ºÙþÊÒÊ�¹. ´ÒÃ¡Ò µÑ¹¤Ãͧ ѹ·Ã�. (2545) ·ÓÍ‹ҧäÃãËŒà ç¡ä·ÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹. ÇÒÃÊÒÃÇÔªÒ¡ÒÃ. 5, 11 (¾ÄÈ Ô¡Ò¹): 6.¹ÔµÂÒ á¿§ÊÇÑÊ Ôì. (2538). ¤ÇÒÁÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹ �ÃÐËÇ‹Ò§¡ÒÃÁÕʋǹËÇÁ㹡Ԩ¡ÃÃÁÊ‹§àÊÃÔÁ¡Òà ͋ҹ¡Ñº¹ÔÊÑÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹¢Í§¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ªÑé¹»ÃжÁÈÖ¡ÉÒ»‚·Õè 6. ÇÔ·ÂÒ¹Ô¾¹ �ÈÖ¡ÉÒÈÒʵÃ� ÁËҺѳ±Ôµ ºÑ³±ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑ ÁËÒÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑÂàªÕ§ãËÁ‹.Á³ÕÃѵ¹� Êء⪵ÔÃѵ¹�. (2548). ͋ҹ໚¹ àÃÕ¹ࡋ§ Ê͹ࡋ§. ¡Ãا෾ÁËÒ¹¤Ã: ¹Ò¹ÁպؤÊ� ¾ÑºÅÔपÑè¹.ÃÒªºÑ³±ÔµÂʶҹ. (2525). ¾¨¹Ò¹Ø¡ÃÁ©ºÑºÃÒªºÑ³±ÔµÂʶҹ ¾.È.2525. ¡Ãا෾ÁËÒ¹¤Ã: ÍÑ¡ÉÃà¨ÃÔÞ·Ñȹ�.ÈÔÃÔÍà ÍÔ¹·Ã�µÅÒ´ªØÁ. (2545). ¡ÒÃÊÌҧ¹ÔÊÑÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹. ÇÒÃÊÒÃÇÔªÒ¡Òà 5,11 (¾ÄÈ Ô¡Ò¹): 11-13 ÊØªÒ´Ò ªÑÂÇÔÇѲ¹�µÃСÙÅ. 2544. ¡ÒÃ㪌¡Ô¨¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͋ҹẺ¡ÇŒÒ§¢ÇÒ§ à¾×èÍà¾ÔèÁ¾Ù¹ ¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö·Ò§¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹-à¢Õ¹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ áÅйÔÊÑÂÃÑ¡¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹ ¢Í§¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹ ªÑé¹ÁѸÂÁÈÖ¡ÉÒ»‚·Õè 4. ÇÔ·ÂÒ¹Ô¾¹ � ÈÖ¡ÉÒÈÒʵÃ�ÁËҺѳ±Ôµ. ºÑ³±ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑ ÁËÒÇÔ·ÂÒÅÑÂàªÕ§ãËÁ‹.ÊÁØ·Ã à«ç¹àªÒǹԪ. (2549). à·¤¹Ô¤¡ÒÃÍ‹Ò¹à¾×èͤÇÒÁࢌÒã¨. ¡Ãا෾ÁËÒ¹¤Ã: ÁËÒÇÔ·ÂÒÅѸÃÃÁÈÒʵÃ�Êӹѡ§Ò¹Ê¶ÔµÔáË‹§ªÒµÔ. (2551). ¡ÒÃ͋ҹ˹ѧÊ×ͧ͢»ÃЪҡà »‚¾Ø·¸ÈÑ¡ÃÒª 2551. à¢ŒÒ¶Ö§ä Œ¨Ò¡ http://service.nso.go.th/nso/nsopublish/themes/theme_2-3-1.html: (Çѹ·Õ褌¹¢ŒÍÁÙÅ: àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 15 Á¡ÃÒ¤Á 2554)

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