exercise methodology - emergency, oil spill, crisis management
TRANSCRIPT
EXERCISE METHODOLOGY
BASED ON: INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES (HSEEP)
1
Exercise program 2
Exercises are based upon a:
Multi-Year (three) Training and Exercise Program – MYTEP• with yearly training and exercise schedules• for each TRT & ICC, each EMC, and the CMC
MYTEP is progressive – building block approach:• increasing level of complexity• which involves an increasing number of capabilities (see the response
capabilities list)
Exercise program 3
* Progressive MYTEP does not necessarily mean a different kind of exercise at each next step
Discussion-based 4
Discussion-based – used to familiarize players with plans, or to develop new plans
Seminar: orientate to new or existing plans
Workshop: develop new ideas, plans (as needed)
Tabletop: test / practice existing plans without deploying field resources, no time pressure.
Game: use gaming tools: simulation of operations (only possible if such a tool is available)
Operations-based 5
Operations-based – actual reaction to an exercise scenario, such as initiating communications or mobilizing personnel and resources
Drill: validate / practice specific skill
Functional exercise: test / practice existing plans without deploying field resources, realistic time pressure, used for command and coordination
Full-scale exercise: command (and possibly coordination) with deployment of field resources
Response Capabilities6
Exercise program and exercises are capability and objective driven
Response capabilities are listed below: No Capability No Capability 1 Detection, assessment, notification 11 Volunteer management 2 Public information / Media management 12 Incident / unified / area command 3 Evacuation and shelter-in-place 13 Emergency management center 4 Search and rescue 14 Crisis management center 5 Casualty care 15 Action planning on each level of response 6 Casualty family information and support 16 Communication (IT) / IMIS 7 Tactical response 17 Resource management / incident support /
mutual aid / international support 8 Responder safety 18 Continuity of critical process / services 9 Environmental and wildlife protection 19 Strategic leadership
10 HazMat protection 20 Top-down response
Exercise objectives 7
determined by Exercise Planning Team based upon (selection of) the 20 capabilities specific areas within a capability to be tested, validated,
practiced or demonstrated framework for scenario development and the development
of the Master Scenario Events List (MSEL) basis for exercise evaluation
Exercise objectives (contd.)8
Exercise objectives are SMART: Specific – What needs to be achieved? Measurable – Can you measure the results? Achievable – Is it doable with the available resources? Relevant – Is it relevant for testing the capability? Time-bound – Set a time frame.
Exercise objectives state: who – who needs to act what – action and/or outcome condition – in response to what standard – such as SOPs, Job Aid, PIP
Exercise design and development9
Operations-based• Exercise Plan (ExPlan)• Controller & Evaluator (C/E)
Handbook• Master Scenario Events List
(MSEL)• Exercise Evaluation Guides
(EEGs)• Participant Feedback Form
• After-Action Report (including Improvement Plan)
* except for Seminar or Workshop
determineexercise
objectives
set upExercise Planning
Team
developexercise
documents
evaluation and improvement
planning / execution
Discussion-based• TTX or Game: Situation Manual
(SitMan) (optional for Seminar, Workshop)• TTX or Game: Facilitator Guide (optional for Seminar, Workshop)• for complex TTX or Game: Master Scenario Events List (MSEL)• TTX or Game: Exercise Evaluation
Guides (EEGs)• Participant Feedback Form
conduct exercise
pre-exercisebriefings
actor, actiondecisionInformationdocument
• Exercise planning: timeline & milestones* Note: In case of an operations-
based exercise with deployment of tactical resources (that will apply ICS), the Planning Team can be set up using the ICS structure (lead by the Exercise Planning Team Leader)
Pre-exercise briefings, using the appropriate exercise documents: - Player briefing, Controller/Evaluator briefing
(Operations-based)- if applicable: Observer briefing, Actor briefingConduct exerciseEvaluation and improvement planning / execution
Multi-Year Training and Exercise Plan & yearly schedule,indicate for this exercise- approximate date / time period- type of exercise- scope of exercise- capabilities- (if applicable) hazard specific plans to
be tested
Exercise Planning Team 10
The exercise planning team can be most effective if it adheres to a coherent organizational structure that clearly defines roles and responsibilities.
Exercise planners may use ICS principles in case of a tactical exercise (deploying field resources & using ICS during the exercise itself).
Exercise planning Team 11
Exercise Planning Team Leader
Planning Operations Logistics Admin/Finance
Liaison
Public Information
Safety
Planning Activities12
Planning activities often comes in the form of planning meetings
The exercise planning team member decide the type and number of planning activities needed to successfully plan a given exercise, based on its scope an complexity.
Exercise planning meetings 13
There are different types of planning meetings each will focus on specific points during the progress of exercise planning; Concept and Objectives Meeting (C&O) Initial Planning Meeting (IPM) Midterm Planning Meeting (MPM) Master Scenario Event List Meeting (MSEL) Final Planning Meeting (FPM)
Concept and Objective Meeting 14
Discussion points: Points Remarks Exercise scope
Proposed exercise objectives and their aligned core capabilities
Proposed exercise location, date, and duration
Participants and anticipated extent of play for exercise participates
Exercise planning team
Exercise control and evaluation concepts
Exercise security
Available exercise resources
Exercise logistics
Exercise planning timeline and milestones
Local issues, concerns and sensitivities
Initial Planning Meeting 15
Discussion points: Points Remarks Clearly defined exercise objectives an aligned core capabilities
Evaluation requirements, including EEG capability targets and critical tasks
Relevant plans, policies, and procedures to be tested in the exercise
Exercise scenario
Modeling an simulation planning
Extent of play for each participating organization
Optimum duration of the exercise
Exercise planners’ role an responsibilities
Decision to record exercise proceedings (audio or video)
Local issues, concerns, or sensitivities
Consensus regarding the date, time an location for the next meeting
Midterm Planning Meeting 16
Discussion points: Item Remarks
Comments of draft exercise documentation
Construction of the scenario timeline (usually the MSEL)
Identification of exercise venue artificialities and/or limitations
Agreement on final logistical items
Assignment of additional responsibilities
Review of Situation Manual (SitMan) & exercise plan (ExPlan)
Draft Facilitator Guide or Controller/Evaluator Handbook (C/E Handbook), including EEGs
Developing Scenario Injects
Finalizing the exercise location, date, time
Agree on the date and location of the MSEL planning meeting or FPM
MSEL Planning Meeting 17
The MSEL considers the following questions:
Questions Remarks
Is the event key directly related to meeting an exercise objective?
What is the desired critical task?
Who will demonstrate the critical task?
What will stimulate the behavior (e.g. phone call, actor, video)?
Who originates the stimulant? Who receives it and how?
What action is the player expected to complete?
Final Planning Meeting 18
Discussion points:
Points Remarks
Conduct a comprehensive final review and approve all remaining draft exercise documents (e.g., SitMan, MSEL, C/E Handbook, EEGs) and presentation materials
Resolve any open exercise planning issues and identify last minute concerns
Review all exercise logistical activities (e.g. schedule, registration, attire, special needs)
Exercise documents and materials for production are approved
Attendees understand an approve exercise processes and procedures
Logistical elements, including equipment, facilities, and schedule, are confirmed
Exercise documents 19
SitMan (Situation Manual) Facilitator Guide ExPlan (Exercise Plan) C/E Handbook (Controller/Evaluator) MSEL (Master Scenario Event List) EEGs (Exercise Evaluation Guide) AAR (After Action Report) IP (Improvement plan)
Exercise documents 20
SitMan: for all participants, including Players exercise name, where/when/duration, scope, capabilities,
objectives, participants, instructions/rules of conduct, exercise organization
scenario (not if MSEL is used)Facilitator Guide
key issues for discussion, and extra information to help the Facilitator answer questions
Exercise documents 21
ExPlan: for all participants, including Players and Actors like SitMan but without scenario, and with:
exercise maps/directions, logistics, communications, security, public information (if applicable)
exercise safety issues & nonex procedure (nonex = non-exercise contingency)
identification of ExCon & Evaluators (such as vests)
Exercise documents 22
C/E Handbook – in addition to ExPlan: overall scenario tasks & procedures for Controllers and Evaluators exercise safety plan exercise communications evaluation instructionsMSEL
scenario events/timeline, injects (by who, for who) & expected actions
Exercise conduct23
Exercise leadDiscussion-based: Facilitator
ensure that discussion is not fixated on scenario the scenario only facilitates the discussion exception: exercise dealing with scenario specific plan
(PIP, PEP, PCP)
Exercise conduct24
Operations-based: Exercise Control (ExCon) If more than one exercise location:
set up various Control Cells (see diagram next slide) at least one Controller at every location
Controllers can call a time-out (to coach) Appoint Safety Controllers as needed
they can stop unsafe exercise actions Simulation Cell: part of ExCon that receives Player responses
and provides information in place of non-participating organizations
Exercise conduct 25
In case of various Control Cells:
ensure communications between all Controllers
Exercise Evaluation 26
All exercises are evaluated
Evaluation for Seminars and Workshops is limited to a Hot Wash (player feedback immediately after the exercise) and Participant Feedback Form
Exercise Evaluation 27
All other exercises; Evaluators during exercise (see diagram), using Exercise Evaluation Guides (EEGs)1
1 EEG for each capability tested Evaluator: do not interfere in exercise Observer ≠ Evaluator; Observer is a guest
Hot Wash at each exercise location (led by Evaluator or Controller), and Participant Feedback Form
Operations-based: C/E debriefing resulting in an After-Action Report (AAR)1 including an Improvement Plan
1 Format – ask for the format
Exercise Evaluation28
In case of various
exercise locations, use various Evaluator Cells
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