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The Gallup Organization, Hungary Flash EB No 213 – EU Citizenship

Analytical Report, page 1

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This survey was requested by Directorate General Justice, Freedom and Security and coordinated by Directorate General Communication

This document does not represent the point of view of the European Commission. The interpretations and opinions contained in it are solely those of the authors.

Flash Eurobarometer

European Union Citizenship Analytical Report Fieldwork: November 2007

Publication: February 2008

European Commission

Flash EB No 213 – EU Citizenship The Gallup Organization, Hungary

page 2

Flash EB Series #213

European Union

Citizenship

Conducted by The Gallup Organization, Hungary

upon the request of the Directorate-General Justice, Freedom and Security.

Survey organised and managed by the Directorate-General Communication

This document does not represent the point of view of the European Commission.

The interpretations and opinions contained in it are solely those of the authors.

THE GALLUP ORGANIZATION



Table of contents Table of contents ........................................................................................................................ 3

Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 4

Main findings ............................................................................................................................. 5

1. Familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union” ................................................... 7

2. Level of information on European Union citizen rights ...................................................... 10

3. Who is a citizen of the European Union?............................................................................. 14

4. Rights of a European Union citizen ..................................................................................... 18

5. Familiarity with the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” .................. 25

6. Annex tables......................................................................................................................... 29

7. Survey details ....................................................................................................................... 59

8. Questionnaire ....................................................................................................................... 63


page 4

Introduction

The Treaty of Maastricht established the Citizenship of the Union in 1992. The

foremost purpose of the institutionalisation of this new legal status was to

strengthen and enhance the European identity and enable European citizens to

participate in the Community integration process in a more intense way.

The condition of European citizenship is reserved for every person that has the

nationality of a Member State. European citizenship does not substitute but

rather supplements the citizenship of each State. Those holding European

citizenship are entitled to some fundamental rights within the EU, regardless of

which State they are the citizens of.

This Flash Eurobarometer survey on European Union citizenship (No 213),

commissioned by the European Commission, asked citizens of the EU to

clarify how familiar they are with their status as an EU citizen, and the various

rights they possess through this second “nationality”.

The survey’s fieldwork was carried out between 14 and 18 of November, 2007.

Over 27,000 randomly selected citizens aged 15 years and above were

interviewed in the twenty-seven Member States of the European Union.

Interviews were predominantly carried out via fixed telephone, approximately

1,000 in each country. Part of the interviews in Finland and Austria were

carried out over mobile telephones. Due to the relatively low fixed telephone

coverage in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland

and Slovakia, we sampled and interviewed 300 persons face to face as well.

To correct for sampling disparities, a post-stratification weighting of the results

was implemented, based on important socio-demographic variables. More

details on survey methodology are included in the Annex of this report.

Whenever possible, comparisons were made with a previous Flash

Eurobarometer survey, Flash 133, carried out in the 15 member countries in

2002.



Main findings

- Although the majority (78%) of EU citizens claim familiarity with the term

“citizen of the European Union”, only 41% say they know its meaning and

less than one-third (31%) of respondents from the 27 EU countries consider

themselves well informed about their rights as citizens of the European

Union.

- At EU15 level, familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union”

increased compared to 2002 by 7 percentage points. A higher proportion of

respondents from the EU15 countries feel themselves informed about their

rights as citizens of the European Union compared to 5 years ago, the

increase being of 8 percentage points.

- There is only a little confusion as to how European citizenship can be

“obtained”. Most (90%) respondents are aware that “they are both citizens of

the EU and (nationality) at the same time”. However, about one-fifth of

those interviewed believe that “they have to ask to become citizens of the

EU” (18%) or that “they can choose to be citizens of the EU” (17%).

- The level of those consistently giving the right answers to all three

propositions above is in some countries significantly lower than the level of

correct answers to the individual propositions. The most substantial

variations are found between levels of education: 66% of well educated

respondents were able to correctly identify as true or false each of the

propositions, while similar results were obtained from less than half of those

who finished their studies at the age of 15 or younger.

- In 2007 respondents from EU15 countries judge the statements “you have to

ask to become a citizen of the European Union” and “you are both a citizen

of the EU and (nationality) at the same time” almost in the same way they

did 5 years ago (+1 and +2 percentage points compared to 2002). One notices

an increase of 11 percentage points in the number of EU15 citizens who,

consider as false the affirmation “if you so wish, you can choose not to be a

citizen of the EU”, as compared to 2002.


page 6

- Respondents are most aware of the freedom of residence right, and seem

especially perplexed about their rights regarding municipal elections in

another Member State they might reside in.

- The levels of consistent, firm knowledge of the rights of EU citizens are

much less widespread compared to the levels indicated by the extent to

which respondents could identify their rights on an individual basis.

Focussing only on the rights that they actually have (and discounting the

false statements that might have perplexed respondents), only 18%

recognised each of the six as rights they possess. We noticed that voting

rights are in particular troublesome for the citizens.

- Compared to 5 years ago, at EU15 level we noticed a significant decrease

trend in the awareness on the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in

municipal elections” (-15 percentage points compared to 2002) and on the

right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections”

(-17 percentage points compared to 2002). Six out of ten (60%) respondents

from EU15 countries know in 2007 that an EU citizen living in another

country does not have the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in

elections to national Parliaments”, as compared to five out of ten (51%)

respondents in 2002.

- Respondents’ awareness of the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the

European Union” is far from widespread – half of those interviewed have

never heard of it.

- Overall, the awareness of EU15 citizens on the “Charter of Fundamental

Rights of the European Union” is slightly increased in 2007 by 4 percentage

points, as compared to 2002.



1. Familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union” Three-quarter of respondents are familiar with the term “citizen of the European Union”,

but 41% only say they know its meaning

The majority of the EU citizens interviewed (78%) claims familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union”. However, there are differences regarding how well respondents know what the term means: 41% say they are familiar with the term and know what it means, while 37% have heard the term but are not sure what exactly it means. One-fifth (22%) of respondents claim to have never heard the term “citizen of the European Union”. With few exceptions, we see that those from the New Member States are more familiar with the term “citizen of the European Union” than those from the previous Member States. Estonia (94%), Romania (94%) and Hungary (93%) have the highest percentages of respondents declaring familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union” – making them the countries most aware of this expression. At the other end of the spectrum, the Netherlands (67%), Belgium (64%) and Germany (60%) have the lowest percentages of those claiming to be familiar with the term.

5 6 7 8 8 8 11 11 11 12 12 15 17 18 18 20 22 22 21 20 23 24 25 28 29 32 3540

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No, never heard the term

Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union”

Q1. The survey concerns the citizenship of the European Union. Are youfamiliar with the term ” citizen of the European Union”?

%, Base: all respondents, by country

94 94 93 92 91 91 89 88 88 87 87 85 83 83 82 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 74 71 71 6764

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Yes Yes and knows what it means Yes but not sure what it means

No, never heard the term, 22

Yes but not sure what it means,

37

Yes and knows what it means,

41

Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union”

Q1. The survey concerns the citizenship of the European Union. Are you familiar with the term ” citizen of the European Union”?

%, Base: all respondents


page 8

The meaning of the term “citizen of the European Union” is thought to be known by most people in Italy, followed by Spain – 65% and 63% respectively saying they are familiar with the term and know what it means in these countries. The content of the term is least well known in Germany – 20% of respondents claim to be familiar with the term and know what it means. The ones who most frequently stated that they have heard the term “citizen of the European Union” but are not sure what it means are those from Bulgaria (56%), Poland (51%) and Latvia (50%). Respondents familiar with the term “citizen of the European Union” Looking at demographic groupings, respondents who declare that they are familiar with the term “citizen of the European Union” and know its meaning are more likely to be male (44%), aged between 25 and 54 (44%), those with 20+ years of education (48%), those living in a metropolitan zone or other urban centre (45-44%), or self-employed (47%). Those stating that they have heard the term, but are not sure what it means are more likely to be female (38%), aged between 15 and 24 (44%), still in education (41%), or from a rural zone or other, non-metropolitan urban centre (38-37%). Respondents unfamiliar with the term “citizen of the European Union” Those most likely to be unfamiliar with the term “citizen of the European Union” are more likely to be female (23%), citizens over 55 years old (24%), those with less than 15 years of education (31%), living in rural zones (25%) or manual workers (26%). Comparison with the year 2002 for the EU15 countries Comparisons with Flash Eurobarometer 133 (http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl133_en.pdf) At EU15 level familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union” increased in 2007 compared to 2002: 75% of respondents claim familiarity with the term in 2007 compared to 68% in 2002. More people declare they know the meaning of the expression “citizen of the European Union” in 2007 (41%) compared to 2002 (31%). The proportion of EU15 citizens who stated they never heard the term “citizen of the European Union” had decreased from a third (32%) in 2002 to a quarter (24%) in 2007.

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Yes and knows what it means Yes but not sure what it means No, never heard the term

Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union” in the EU15, 2002-2007

Q1. The survey concerns the citizenship of the European Union. Are youfamiliar with the term ” citizen of the European Union”?

%, Base: all respondents by country

http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl133_en.pdf



When comparing the data from 2007 with the one from 2002, the most significant boost in the awareness of the term “citizen of the European Union” is to be found in Greece and Sweden (an increase of 25 percentage points in both countries, from 57% to 82% and from 55% to 80% respectively), followed by Italy and UK (an increase of 16 percentage points, from 75% to 91% and from 59% to 75% respectively). Denmark and Germany are the countries with the most considerable decrease in the familiarity with the term “citizen of the European Union” – familiarity with the term decreased with 11 and 10 percentage points respectively in the two countries in 2007 compared to 2002. Compared to the data from 2002, in 2007 Italy is the country that has the highest growth (+28 percentage points) in the proportion of those who say that are familiar with the term “citizen of the European Union” and know its meaning. The same pattern is to be found in Greece and Sweden where there is an increase of 20 percentage points of those declaring that know the meaning of the term.


page 10

2. Level of information on European Union citizen rights

Two thirds of respondents do not feel sufficiently informed about their rights

as a citizen of the European Union Only 3% of respondents from the 27 EU countries consider themselves “very well informed” about their rights as citizens of the European Union, and another 28% feel “well informed” in this respect. Half of the persons interviewed (49%) indicate that they are “not well informed” regarding their rights as citizens of the European Union, and one respondent out of five (19%) considers him/herself “not informed at all”. On the whole, less than one third (31%) of respondents from the 27 EU countries consider themselves well informed about their rights as citizens of the European Union, and more than two thirds (68%) feel they are not well informed or not at all informed. The proportion of respondents who feel “very well informed” is low in all countries. The highest percentages of those who feel very well informed are recorded in Cyprus (10%), Malta, Romania (6% in each), UK, Greece, Denmark, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria (5% in each). On the opposite end of the list, less than 1% of the respondents from France, Portugal, the Netherlands, and Hungary feel very well informed about their rights as citizens of the European Union. The survey found the highest proportions of respondents who feel “not informed at all” about their rights as EU citizens in the UK (26%), Greece (24%), France (23%), Latvia, Germany, Sweden (22% in each), the Czech Republic and Belgium (21% in each).

10 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1

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Very well informed Well informed Not well informed Not informed at all DK/NA

Being informed about the rights as a citizen of the European Union

Q2. How well do you feel that you are informed about your rights as a citizen of the European Union?


Well informed, 28

Not informed at all, 19

Not well informed, 49

Very well informed, 3

DK/NA, 1


Q2. How well do you feel that you are informed about your rightsas a citizen of the European Union?




On the whole, half of the respondents from Malta (50%) and from Slovenia (49%) feel “very well informed” or at least “well informed” about their rights as citizens of the European Union, scoring the best among all nations in the EU. Other countries with higher proportions of sufficiently informed people are Cyprus, Estonia (45% in each), Denmark, Luxemburg (44%), Ireland, Romania (42%), Slovakia (41%), Finland and Austria (39%). On the opposite side, countries with the highest percentages of respondents who feel not well informed or not informed at all about their rights as citizens of the European Union are: Latvia (78%), France (76%), Lithuania (73%), Portugal (72%), UK, Italy, and Greece (both 70%).

50 49 45 45 44 44 42 42 41 39 39 34 33 33 32 31 31 31 30 28 26 26 26 24 22

48 51 55 51 54 55 56 58 59 61 60 65 66 66 67 68 68 69 70 70 68 68 65 73 70 72 76 78

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The percentages of respondents who feel “very well informed” regarding their rights as citizens of the European Union are low in all demographic groups. The highest percentage (5%) is recorded in the group of respondents who are still in education; this group also includes the highest percentage of those who feel “well informed” (36%). The proportion of well-informed respondents is likely to increase with the length of education. We found higher percentages of well-informed people among those aged 15-24 years (35%), and among those over the age of 55 (28%). People from metropolitan zones are also more likely to be well informed (30%). Respondents with less education are more likely to be “not informed at all”: 27% of those with 15 years or less of education consider themselves not informed at all, compared to 16% of those with over 20 years of education who feel this way.


page 12

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Gender

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Education (end of)

-15

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still in education

Subjective urbanisation

Metropolitan zone

Other town/urban centre

Rural zone

Occupation

Self-employed

Employees

Manual workers

Not working

Very well informed Well informed DK/NA Not well informed Not informed at all




Comparison with the year 2002 for the EU15 countries Comparisons with Flash Eurobarometer 133 (http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl133_en.pdf) In 2007 a higher proportion of respondents from the EU15 countries feel themselves informed about their rights as citizens of the European Union compared to the year 2002, the increase being of 8 percentage points. 30% state in 2007 that are very well or well informed about the rights as a citizen of the EU, compared to 22% that state the same thing in 2002. Less than three-quarter (68%) of the EU15 respondents claim in 2007 that are not well informed or not informed at all about EU citizen rights, compared with three-quarter (76%) who claimed the same thing in 2002.




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Being informed about the rights as a citizen of the European Union in the EU15, 2002-2007

Q2. How well do you feel that you are informed about your rights as a citizenof the European Union?

%, Base: all respondents by country

In all but one (Finland) country of the EU15 the level of information on the European Union citizen rights has increased in 2007 compared to 2002. The highest increase in the level of information on the EU citizen rights in 2007 against 2002 are noticed in Denmark (an increase of 16 percentage points), followed by Ireland (+14 percentage points), UK and Sweden (+12 percentage points in both). The lowest increase is observed in Austria and Germany (an increase of 2 and 3 percentage points, respectively). In Finland one notice a decrease of 2 percentage points in the number of citizens being informed about their rights as EU citizens, from 41% in 2002 to 39% in 2007.


page 14

3. Who is a citizen of the European Union?

There is little confusion as to how European citizenship can be “obtained”

The understanding of the term “citizen of the European Union” was tested by asking respondents to evaluate a number of statements as being true or false. The majority of those interviewed– nine respondents out of ten (90%) – considers the statement “you are both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time” to be true, while only 7% believe that it is false. 3% of the respondents could not or did not want to say whether this statement is true or false. The other two assertions that were tested: “you have to ask to become a citizen of the EU” and “if you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU” are judged as false by about three-quarter of the respondents (75% and 72% respectively), while 18% and 17% respectively consider them to be true. Overall, respondents were most likely to be unable or unwilling to give a definite opinion about the statement “if you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU”,11% were unable to say whether or not this statement is true.

In all the countries of the European Union over a half of the public evaluates as false the assertion that “you have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union”. The highest percentage of people who consider the above statement to be false are found in Poland and Hungary (90%). At least eight out of ten respondents also hold this opinion in the Czech Republic (88%), Slovakia (87%), Bulgaria (85%), Italy (83%), Slovenia (82%), Spain (81%) and Finland (80%). At the opposite end, Belgium has the lowest percentage of respondents stating that the affirmation “you have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union” is false (57%). Examining the differences between the older and the newer Member States, we note some variations: in the EU15, three-quarters (73%) of the interviewed persons recognize as false the statement “you have to ask to become a citizen of the EU”, while in the newer Member States a somewhat higher proportion of the public (82%) know correctly how EU citizenship works in this regard. In more than half of the Member States, 90% or more of the respondents say it is true that they are “both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time”. The highest percentages of people who agree with this statement are found in Spain (95%), Bulgaria, Poland, Malta and Italy (94% each), Slovenia and France (93% each), Ireland, Hungary, Austria and Cyprus (92% each), the Czech Republic and Denmark (91% each), Romania, Netherlands and Finland (90% each). The lowest percentages of those who consider themselves both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time are found in Luxembourg and Latvia (76%).

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18You have to ask tobecome a citizen of

the EU

You are both acitizen of the EUand (nationality)at the same time

If you so wish, youcan choose not tobe a citizen of the

EU

True False DK/NA

Understanding of the term ” citizen of the European Union”

Q3. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me ifthis is true or false:




A slightly higher percentage (92%) of the public in the new Member States agrees with the assertion that “you are both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time” in comparison with the public in the older Member States, EU15 (89%). Among the statements tested, the third (false) proposition – “If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU” – presents the highest variation between countries. 83% of the public in Italy, compared to only 45% of the public in Latvia, correctly consider this statement false. Higher proportions of respondents who consider that “you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU” is a false affirmation are recorded in Italy (83%), Finland (78%), Poland (77%), and Slovakia (75%). Low percentages – besides Latvia – are recorded in Estonia (53%), Lithuania (56%), UK, Belgium (64% each), Bulgaria (65%) and Romania (67%).

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Q3. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false:%, Base: all respondents by country

Correct answers shown

You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union - False

You are both a citizen of the European Union and (nationality) at the same time - True

If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the European Union - False

83 78 77 75 74 74 74 73 72 72 72 72 72 72 71 70 69 69 69 69 67 65 64 64 56 53 45

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Looking at demographic groupings, respondents who believe that the statement “you have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union” is false, are more likely to be male, aged between 25 and 54 years old, with 20 years or more of education, living in a metropolitan zone, or self-employed or employees. There is very little variation across the demographic groups when it comes to those who consider true the statement that “they are both citizens of the EU and of the countries of their nationality at the same time” – although respondents with more than 20 years of education are somewhat more likely to believe this statement. Men, those with more than 20 years of education and the self-employed or employees are more likely to consider false the assertion “if you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU”.


page 16

Combining the three propositions related to key aspects of citizenship in the European Union, the level of those consistently giving the right answers to all three propositions is in some countries significantly lower than the level of correct answers to the individual propositions.




COMBINED CORRECT REPONSES TO EACH OF THE PROPOSITIONS RELATED TO EU CITIZENSHIP: You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union - False



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EE

LV

Overall, the survey found the most consistent awareness of the term’s meaning in Italy, where 71% correctly identified as true or false each of the three propositions. The countries where respondents are nearly as aware of these facts are Poland (68%), Hungary (67%) and Slovakia (66%). On the other hand, Latvians (29%), Estonians (37%) and those from Belgium (38%) were the least consistently aware of these aspects of European Union citizenship. Men are generally more aware than women of these characteristics of EU citizenship. Also somewhat more aware of these things are those in the active worker segment (both as indicated by age and by occupation – with the exception of manual workers). Also, those in metropolitan areas are generally more informed than others, as the table to the right indicates. But the most substantial variations are found between levels of education: 66% of well educated respondents were able to correctly identify as true or false each of the propositions, while less than half of those who finished their studies at the age of 15 or younger were similarly well.

Table 1: Understanding the term “Citizen of the European Union”, conistently correct answers, three propositions combined, % EU27

Fully

correct answers

Fully

correct answers

EU27 56 Urbanization Gender Metropolitan zone 58 Male 59 Other town/urban/centre 57 Female 53 Rural zone 53 Age group Occupation 15-24 54 Self-employed 61 25-39 59 Employees 61 40-54 60 Manual workers 54 55+ 51 Not working 51 Education (End of) -15 44 16-20 54 20+ 66 Still in education 57



Comparison with the year 2002 for the EU15 countries Comparisons with Flash Eurobarometer 133 (http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl133_en.pdf) In 2007 respondents from EU15 countries judge the statements “you have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union” and “you are both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time” almost in the same way they did 5 years ago. At EU15 level, there is an increase of 1 percentage point only compared to 2002 of those who consider as false the assertion “you have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union” (73% compared to 72%). Those who know that “you are both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time” are with 2 percentage points more in 2007 compared to 2002 (89% compared to 87%). Comparing 2007 with 2002 data, one observes an increase of 11 percentage points in the number of EU15 citizens who consider as false the affirmation “if you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU” (72% compared to 61%).

73728373 8176 8076 7571 7582 7473 7283

7254

7154

6760 6767 67 69 66736362 5763

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

FR

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

AT

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

PT

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

LU

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

DK

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

BE

-20

07

-20

02

Understanding of the term ” citizen of the European Union” in the EU15, 2002-2007



You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union - False

8987 9596 9493 9386 9295 9284 91 81 9093 9090 8985 8887 8787 87 93 87 78 7977 7688

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

FR

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

AT

-20

07

-20

02

DK

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

BE

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

PT

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

UK

-20

07

-20

02

LU

-20

07

-20

02


7261

8369

7870 7471 7368 7267 7257

7267 7268 7273 7057

6958

6961 6956 6461 64

47

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

LU

-20

07

-20

02

AT

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

DK

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

PT

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

BE

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02


Looking at the country level data, we found that the greatest increase in the percentage of respondents who believe it is false that “one has to ask to become a citizen of the European Union” is in Greece (+18 percentage points as compared to 2002) and Portugal (+17 percentage points as compared to 2002). The greatest decrease in the percentage of respondents who hold the same opinion was found in Germany (-11 percentage points as compared to 2002), Sweden and Denmark (both with -7 percentage points as compared to 2002). More respondents from Denmark (+10 percentage points), Sweden (+9 percentage points) and Austria (+8 percentage points) know now compared to 5 years ago that “one is both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time”. Respondents from Luxembourg are much less aware now compared to 2002 that “one is both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same time” (-12 percentage points). UK, Spain and Italy show a significant increase compared to 5 years ago in the percentage of respondents who consider as false the statement “if you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU” (+17, +15 and +14 percentage points, respectively).



page 18

4. Rights of a European Union citizen

Respondents are most aware of the freedom of residence right,

and especially perplexed about their rights regarding municipal elections in another Member State they might reside in

Testing respondents’ familiarity with some of the most fundamental rights that they hold as citizens of the European Union1, the survey found that only 1% of citizens were able to correctly identify as true or false the eight propositions regarding their rights. (Six were true; two were false.) This suggests that the levels of consistent, firm knowledge of EU citizens’ rights are much less widespread compared to the levels indicated by the extent to which respondents could identify their rights, on an individual basis. Focussing only on the rights that they actually have (and discounting the false statements that might have perplexed respondents), only 18% recognised each of the six as rights they possess. Voting rights are especially troublesome for citizens. The right most familiar to respondents of the survey is that of freedom of residence - 88% believe that a citizen of the European Union has the right “to reside in any Member State of the EU, subject to certain conditions”. 7% of respondents do not recognize the above as a right of EU citizens, and 5% could not or did not want to answer the question. Roughly eight out of ten respondents agree that citizens of the European Union have the following rights: “to make a complaint to the European Commission, European Parliament or the European Ombudsman” (85%), “when residing in another Member State, to be treated exactly in the same way as a national of that State” (83%), “when finding himself outside the EU, to ask for help at embassies of other EU Member countries, if his country does not have an embassy there” (80%). The right “to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which he has lived for at least 5 years” is thought to be true by more than half (61%) of the EU public. One-fifth (20%) of respondents know that EU citizens are not entitled to acquire a second nationality in the manner described in the statement. Compared to other rights that we inquired about in the present survey, we noted that this item had the highest percentage (19%) of respondents unable or unwilling to answer the question.

1 The rights in relation with the transparency of EU institutions towards citizens and the right to be able to petition and be answered in any official EU language were not specifically investigated this time.

7

6

10

9

20

29

50

60

5

9

8

12

19

17

1 3

1426

37

54

80

83

85

88

61

To reside in a ny Member Sta te o f t he Euro pea n Unio n,

subje ct to ce rt ain co nditio ns

To mak e a co mplaint to t he Euro pea n Co mmissio n,Euro pea n Parlia me nt o r the Euro pean Ombudsma n

To be tre at ed e x act ly in t he same way a s a nat iona l o f t hatSt ate

A c itizen o f the EU ha s t he rig ht t o a sk fo r he lp a te mba ssies o f o ther EU Member co untries, if his c o unt ry

do es no t hav e a n embassy there

To ac quire t he na tio nalit y o f a ny Member St ate in whic h

he ha s liv ed fo r at le ast 5 y ea rs

A cit izen o f the EU liv ing in (OUR COUNTR Y) , ha s theright to v o te o r t o sta nd as a candidat e in Euro pean

Parliament e lect io ns

A cit izen o f the EU liv ing in (OUR COUNTR Y) , ha s therig ht to v o t e o r to st and a s a c andidate in munic ipa l

e lect io ns

A c itizen o f t he EU liv ing in (OUR COUNTRY ), has t he

rig ht to v o t e or to st and as a c andidate in elec tio ns t ona tio nal Pa rliament s

Yes, has this right No, does not have this right D K/NA

Awareness of the rights that a citizen of the EU has (EU27)

Q4. In fact, all ci tiz en s of the EU Member States are ”c itizen s of the Eur opean Uni on”... In yo ur opinin , w hat rights does a citizen of th e Eu ropean Un ion have?

%, Ba se: all respondent s



Respondents are more aware of the rights that a citizen of the EU has in relation to European Parliamentary elections than in relation to municipal ones. 54% of interviewed persons recognize the right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections”, while only 37% recognize the right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in municipal elections”. Half (50%) of the EU public believes that “to vote and to stand as a candidate in municipal elections” is not a right of an EU citizen. With regard to elections to national Parliaments (where, unlike the other two elections discussed before, citizens of other EU countries are normally not allowed to participate), six out of ten (60%) respondents know correctly that a citizen of the EU living in an EU state other than their own does not have the right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments”, and a quarter (26%) state the opposite. Free movement of persons (TRUE, “subject to certain conditions) In all EU countries at least eight out of ten respondents are aware that an EU citizen has the right “to reside in any Member State of the EU, subject to certain conditions”. This fact is most well know in Finland (96%), followed by Spain, Bulgaria and Poland (94% each), Greece and Estonia (93% each), Ireland (92%), Cyprus, Luxembourg, Denmark and Slovenia (91%), and Lithuania (90%). Those least aware of the freedom of residence right are respondents from UK (81%) and Netherlands (82%). There are no significant differences in opinion in the EU15 countries compared to the newer states, where this right is temporarily suspended in relation with certain old Member States. Right to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which one has lived for at least 5 years (NOT TRUE) We noted significant disparities of opinion between individual countries with regard to the false statement “a citizen of the EU has the right to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which he has lived for at least 5 years”. There is a difference of 38% between respondents from Finland (83% - the most likely to assume that this is a right of EU citizens) and those from France (45% – the least likely to confirm such a right). In all but three EU countries more than half of the people could not identify this as one of the false statements in the battery of items tested, and confirmed that EU citizens have the right “to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which one has lived for at least 5 years”. This opinion is held by at least three-quarter of the respondents in Finland (83%), Poland (79%), Cyprus (78%), Spain and Malta (76% each). On the other hand 36% in the Netherlands, 34% in Denmark, 29% in France and 26% in Germany indicated that EU citizens do not have such a right. Respondents in the New Member States (73%) are more likely than those from the EU15 countries (58%) to assume the above discussed statement is a right of EU citizens. Right to make a complaint to European institutions (TRUE) In all Member States more than three-quarter of respondents know that “to make a complaint to the European Commission, European Parliament or the European Ombudsman” is indeed a right of a citizen of the EU. Respondents from Poland and Slovenia (95%), Ireland (94%), and Bulgaria (93%) are the most aware of this right, while those from France, Portugal, the Czech Republic and Belgium (80% each) are the least familiar with it.


page 20

Right to vote and to stand as a candidate in municipal elections (TRUE) The right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in municipal elections” is an item where variation of affirmation is relatively large between individual countries. While respondents from Spain (62%) are the most likely to be aware of this right, those from Hungary (22%) are the least familiar with it; presenting a gap of 40 percentage points between the two countries. In the vast majority of EU Member States (24 out of 27 countries) less than half of the population is familiar with the right of EU citizens “to vote and to stand as a candidate in municipal elections”. Spain (62%), Luxembourg (56%), Cyprus (52%) and Ireland (49%) have the most respondents aware of the right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in municipal elections”. Hungary (22%), Lithuania (27%), Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Latvia and Slovakia (28% each) have the least knowledgeable public with regards to municipal elections. The older Member States (38%) are more familiar with this right than are newer Member States (32%). Right to vote and to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments (NOT TRUE) Over seven in ten citizens correctly stated that EU citizens do not have the right to vote and stand as a candidate in a national election held in another Member State where he or she resides in Denmark (78%), Austria (77%), Sweden (76%), Finland (75%), Germany (72%) and Estonia (71%). Less than half of the respondents were able to identify that a citizen of the EU from another Member State does not have the right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments” in Spain (39%), Romania (42%), Malta (48%), Belgium (49%) and Ireland (49%) Right to vote and to stand as a candidate in elections to the European Parliament (TRUE) Citizens in the old Member States (56%) are more conscious than those in the Newer Member States (47%) of their voting rights regarding the European Parliament if they relocate within the EU. The levels of awareness of the right “to vote and to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections” vary substantially between individual countries. At the top of this awareness scale we find Spain and Germany (66% each) followed by Luxembourg (63%), France (62%), Ireland (61%) and Belgium (60%), at the bottom of the scale we find Hungary (29%), Lithuania (35%) and Denmark (37%). Right to ask for help at embassies of other European Union Member countries (TRUE) In all but one EU country at least seven out of ten respondents agree that a citizen of the European Union, when outside the EU, has the right “to ask for help at embassies of other EU Member countries, if his country does not have an embassy there”. This right is most widely recognized in Finland (91%), followed by Poland (88%), Germany (87%), Hungary (86%), Slovenia and Bulgaria (85% each). Respondents from Romania (61%) are the least aware of the diplomatic and consular protection right of EU citizens. Again, there are no significant differences between older Member States and newer ones. Right to be treated in the same way as a national of the State in which one resides (TRUE) In a majority of Member States (23 out of 27) three-quarter of those interviewed recognize that an EU citizen residing in another Member State has the right “to be treated exactly in the same way as a national of that State”. Nine out of ten respondents in Spain (93%) are aware of this right, followed by citizens in Bulgaria (92%), Poland (91%) and Finland (90%). Conversely, respondents from Lithuania (48%) and



Denmark (66%) are the least familiar with the right “to be treated exactly in the same way as a national of the State in which one resides”.

Awareness of the rights that a citizen of the European Union has

To reside in any Member State of the European Union, subject to certain conditions

9694949493939291919191908989898888888888

8786868585

8281

87

FIESBGPLELEEIE

CYLUDKSI

LTFRATLVDE

MTEU27

ITCZPTSEBESK

HURONLUK

To acquire the nationality of any Member State in which

he has lived for at least 5 years

To make a complaint to the European Commission,

European Parliament or the European Ombudsman

A citizen of the EU living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the

right to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal

elections

3634

2926262625

22222120201918

161413131212

10887765

11

NLDKFRDELUATUKBEITCZ

EU27SEIEELLTBGSKEESI

CYLV

MTPTESPL

HUROFI

9595949392929290898888878787858585858484

83828180808080

83

PLSIIE

BGCYFIES

HUEL

MTSEEESKUK

EU27DKLVDEROLTATNLLUITBECZPTFR

6256

524947

43414040393939383736

3232323131

282828282827

22

31

ESLUCYIEBEBG

MTROELDKSEPTFR

EU27DEUKNLEEPLITFISKLVSI

CZATLTHU

% “NO”


right to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to

national Parliaments79777675

727171

6866646362616160

5857575755

5050494948

4240

55

DKATSEFI

DESI

EEPL

HUSKFRLVLTEL

EU27CZIT

NLLUUKBGPTCYIEBE

MTROES

Q4. In fact, all citizens of the EU Member States are ”citizens of the European Union”... In your opinin, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have?

%, Base: all respondents by country, ”Yes, has this right” shown


right to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections

A citizen of the EU has the right to ask for help at embassies of other EU Member countries, if his country does

not have an embassy there

To be treated exactly in the same way as a national of

that State

6666

63626160

575656565554545352

49494746

43

42414040

3735

29

42

ESDELUFRIEBEATSKELNL

MTCY

EU27PLEESI

UKBGROPTITLVCZFISEDKLTHU

9188878685858484848484838282828080797878

747473737270

61

77

FIPLDEHU

SIBGESCYAT

MTLTELITIEEEDK

EU27PTSKLVSELUUKNLCZFRBERO

9392919088888887868584848383838282828079

7776757371

6648

79

ESBGPLFI

MTEEITCYPTIE

HUELSK

EU27DELUATCZROFRSESI

UKLVBENLDKLT%

“N

O”


page 22

Comparison with the year 2002 for the EU15 countries Comparisons with Flash Eurobarometer 133 (http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl133_en.pdf) Freedom of residence right. The right to make a complaint to European institutions Between 2002 and 2007, at EU15 level, there is just a small difference in the awareness of respondents on the freedom of residence right (an increase of 4 percentage points compared to 2002, from 84% to 88%) and on the right to make a complaint to European institutions (a decrease of 3 percentage points compared to 2002, from 87% to 84%).

8884 9694 9481 9385 9294 91 84 91 84 8986 8991 8890 8876 8783 87 83 8682 8285 8182

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

EL

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

LU

-20

07

-20

02

DK

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

AT

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

PT

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

BE

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

Awareness of the rights that a citizen of the European Union has, in the EU15, 2002-2007



To reside in any Member State of the European Union, subject to certain conditions

8487 9496 9296 9292 8976 8888 87 90 8585 8583 8388 8392 8290 81 87 8090 8080 8089

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

EL

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

UK

-20

07

-20

02

DK

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

AT

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

LU

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

BE

-20

07

-20

02

PT

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

To make a complaint to the European Commission, European Parliament or the European Ombudsman *

* Modification in text compared to 2002 Italian and Greek respondents increased their awareness on the freedom of residence right the most (+12 and +8 percentage points respectively, compared to 5 years ago). The highest increase in the awareness on the right to make a complaint to European institutions was found in Greece (+13 percentage points as compared to 2002, from 76% to 89%). On the contrary, the highest decrease was noticed in Belgium (-10 percentage points), Netherlands and France (-9 percentage points in both). Voting rights Compared to 5 years ago, at EU15 level we noticed a significant decrease trend in the awareness on the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal elections” (-15 percentage points compared to 2002, from 53% to 38%). The same trend holds true with regard to the awareness on the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections” (-17 percentage points compared to 2002, a decrease from 73% in 2002 to 56% in 2007).




6051

7966 77

6476

50

7563 72

60 6360 6141

5741

57 61 5746

5551 5038

4947 4949 4036

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

DK

-20

07

-20

02

AT

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

DE

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

LU

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

PT

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

BE

-20

07

-20

02

ES-

200

7-2

00

2




A citizen of the EU living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments - % ”No, does not have this right” *

5673 6669 66

7663

8062

8061

7560

7857

765661 56

77

4963

43

71

42

82

4063

4051

37

64

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

DE

-20

07

-20

02

LU

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

BE

-20

07

-20

02

AT

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

PT

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

DK

-20

07

-20

02

A citizen of the EU living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections *

* Modification in text compared to 2002

3853 6259 56

684953 4758

4048 3937 39

72

3962

3854

3650

3247

32

63

31

57

3140

2834

020406080

100E

U15

-20

07

-20

02

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

LU

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

BE

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

DK

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

PT

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

AT

-20

07

-20

02

A citizen of the EU living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal elections *

Looking at the changes in the familiarity with the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal elections” at country level between 2002 and 2007, Sweden and Netherlands show the most considerable decrease compared to 2002 in the percentage of respondents who know that EU citizens have a right related to municipal elections (-33, -31 percentage points respectively). In two countries only we found an increase in the awareness of respondents with regard to their right in municipal elections: Spain and Denmark (+3 and +2 percentage points as compared to 5 years ago). Italy has the most significant decrease compared to 2002 in the percentage of respondents who are aware that an EU citizen has the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections” (-40 percentage points as compared to 5 years ago, a decrease from 82% in 2002 to 42% in 2007). An important decrease trend in the familiarity with EU citizen rights related to European Parliament was noticed as well in Portugal and Denmark (-28 and -27 percentage points respectively compared to 2002). There is no country where the awareness on EU citizen rights related to European Parliament elections increased in 2007 as compared to 5 years ago. Six out of ten (60%) respondents from EU15 countries know in 2007 that an EU citizen living in another country does not have the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments”, as compared to five out of ten (51%) respondents in 2002. Sweden, followed by Greece and Italy show the most significant increase compared to 2002 in the percentage of those who say that EU citizens do not have rights related to national Parliaments (+26, +20 and +16 percentage points respectively). Luxembourg is the only country where we found a decrease in the percentage of those who know that EU citizens do not have the right “to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments” (-4 percentage points compared to 5 years ago).


page 24

Right to ask for help at embassies of other EU Member countries Between 2002 and 2007, at EU15 level, there is an insignificant difference in the awareness of respondents on the right “to ask for help at embassies of other EU Member countries, if one’s country does not have an embassy there” (a decrease of 2 percentage points compared to 2002, from 82% to 80%).




8082 9192 8787 8484 8469

8372

8289 8288 8079 7981 7778 7479 7480 73857275 7075

020406080

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

FI-

200

7-2

00

2

DE

-20

07

-20

02

ES-

200

7-2

00

2

AT

-20

07

-20

02

EL

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

DK

-20

07

-20

02

PT

-20

07

-20

02

SE-2

00

7-2

00

2

LU

-20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

BE

-20

07

-20

02

A citizen of the EU has the right to ask for help at embassies of other EU Member countries, if his country does not have an embassy there

However, looking at the changes in the percentage of those aware of the diplomatic and consular protection right at the country level between 2002 and 2007, Austria and Greece show a significant increase in the percentage of respondents who state that “asking for help at embassies of other EU Member countries” is a right of an EU citizen (+15 and +11 percentage points, respectively). Netherlands, on the contrary is characterised by a decrease of 12 percentage points in the percentage of respondents familiar with the diplomatic and consular protection right.



5. Familiarity with the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”

Half of the interviewed persons have never heard of the

“Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” Respondents’ awareness of the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” is far from being widespread. Despite the fact that almost half (48%) of the respondents have heard of the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, only 8% say they know what it is. In other words, only one sixth of the respondents who have heard of the Charter say they also know what it is about. Four out of ten (40%) respondents have heard of the Charter, but are not sure what it is, and half of those interviewed (51%) say they have never even heard of the Charter. The highest proportions of respondents aware of the Charter are observed in Finland (64%), Estonia, Poland (61% in each), the Czech Republic, Slovakia (60%), Italy (59%), Slovenia (58%), Bulgaria, and Spain (57%). The lowest percentages of those who have heard of the Charter are to be found in the UK and Belgium (32%), Malta, France (33%), Ireland (34%) and Denmark (38%) – percentages that are not much over half of the highest awareness level recorded in Finland (64%). On average, the public of the old Member States (EU15) is slightly less aware of the Charter than the public of new Member States (NMS12), as 53% in old Member States have never heard of the Charter, while 43 % in the new Member States have heard of it. Regarding the proportion of persons who mentioned they have heard of the Charter and know what it is, the highest proportions are found in Spain (18%), followed by the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Luxemburg (14%), Cyprus (13%), Italy, Greece (11%), etc. On the other hand, the lowest percentages of respondents who state they know what the Charter is are found in France (3%), Sweden, Belgium (5%), Estonia, Poland, Bulgaria, and Lithuania (6%). The highest variation in demographic groups with regard to the level of awareness of the Charter is related to the level of education completed. While 59% of those who left school at the age of 20+ years have heard of the Charter, and 12% know what it is, the percentages for people who stopped their full time education at 15 years of age or earlier are only 35% and 5% respectively. Women, people from rural zones, manual workers and younger people also tend to be less familiar with the Charter (see Annex table 14.b.)

DK/NA, 1

No, never heard about it, 51

Yes but not sure what it is, 40

Yes and knows what it is, 8

Familiarity with the ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”

Q5. Are you familiar with the ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, which also guarantees fundamental rights to European Union citizens?

%, Base: all respondents, DK/NA not shown


page 26

35 38 39 38 39 41 41 43 42 46 45 47 49 47 50 50 51 53 52 54 55 5561

65 67 65 67 67

0

20

40

60

80

100

FI

EE PL

CZ

SK IT SI

BG ES

AT

LU

DE

HU LT

SE

RO

EU

27

CY

PT

LV

EL

NL

DK IE FR

MT

BE

UK

No, never heard about it



%, Base: all respondents by country, DK/NA not shown

64 61 61 60 60 59 58 57 57 54 54 52 51 50 49 48 48 46 45 45 45 4438

34 33 33 32 32

7 6 6 14 14 11 7 6 18 8 14 7 7 6 5 8 8 13 8 7 11 8 8 9 3 7 5 7

57

56

55 4

6

46

47

52

51 3

9

46 40

45

45

44

44 41

40 33

37

39 34

36

31

26

30 26

28 25

0

20

40

60

80

100

FI

EE PL

CZ

SK IT SI

BG ES

AT

LU

DE

HU LT

SE

RO

EU

27

CY

PT

LV

EL

NL

DK IE FR

MT

BE

UK

Yes Yes and knows what it is Yes but not sure what it is

48

5245

4447

5150

3545

5951

5351

42

5051

4047

8

10

7

8

8

8

9

5

6

12

12

10

9

6

10

9

6

8

40

42

38

36

39

43

41

30

39

47

40

43

42

36

41

42

34

39

EU27

Gender

Male

Female

Age

15-24

25-39

40-54

55+

Education (end of)

-15

16-20

20+

still in education

Subjective urbanisation

Metropolitan zone

Other town/urban centre

Rural zone

Occupation

Self-employed

Employees

Manual workers

Not working

Yes Yes and knows what it is Yes but not sure what it is

51

4854

5553

4949

6454

4048

4748

57

4948

5952

No, never heard about it



%, Base: all respondents by country, DK/NA not shown


Annex, page 27

Comparison with the year 2002 for the EU15 countries Comparisons with Flash Eurobarometer 133 (http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl133_en.pdf) Overall, the awareness of EU15 citizens on the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” is slightly increased in 2007 by 4 percentage points, compared to 2002. 47% claim familiarity with the Charter in 2007, while in 2002 the percentage of those claiming the same thing was 43%. In 2007, 53% of the respondents from EU15 countries say that never heard about the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, while in 2002 the percentage of those stating the same was 57%.

9 818

8 1411 11 15 11 8 9 9 8 8 8 3 822

8 2 7 9 7 7 7 9 5 3 5 5 3 2

3835

39

364043 4738

3425 26

34 3746

363946

36

3136

454157

412524

44

29 28343034

535742

564546 4147

5567 65

57 5246

55584642

61 614750

3552

676750

68 6761 6764

0

20

40

60

80

100

EU

15-2

00

7-2

00

2

ES

-20

07

-20

02

LU

-20

07

-20

02

IT-2

00

7-2

00

2

EL

-20

07

-20

02

IE-2

00

7-2

00

2

PT

-20

07

-20

02

NL

-20

07

-20

02

AT

-20

07

-20

02

DK

-20

07

-20

02

DE

-20

07

-20

02

FI-

20

07

-20

02

UK

-20

07

-20

02

SE

-20

07

-20

02

BE

-20

07

-20

02

FR

-20

07

-20

02

Yes and knows what it is Yes but not sure what it is No, never heard about it

Familiarity with the ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”in the EU15, 2002-2007


%, Base: all respondents by country Looking at country data and comparing 2007 with 2002, some significant differences must be noted in the awareness level on the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”. Respondents from Sweden (with an increase of 17 percentage points) and Finland (with an increase of 16 percentage points) became much more familiar with the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” in 2007 compared to 2002. An important increase is observed as well in Spain (+13 percentage points) and Greece (+12 percentage points). The most significant decrease in the awareness level on the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” in 2007 compared to 2002 is to be found in Portugal and Ireland (a decrease of 9 and 8 percentage points, respectively). Almost unchanged levels of familiarity with the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union” between 2002 and 2007 are observed in: Luxembourg, Denmark and UK.



page 28

Flash EB Series #213

European Union Citizenship

Annex Tables and

Survey Details

THE GALLUP ORGANIZATION


Annex, page 29

6. Annex tables Table 1a. Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union”, by country .................. 31

Table 1b. Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union”, by segment ................. 32

Table 2a. Being informed about the rights as a citizen of the European Union, by country.... 33

Table 2b. Being informed about the rights as a citizen of the European Union, by segment .. 34

Table 3a. EU citizenship: You have to ask to become a citizen of the EU, by country........... 35

Table 3b. EU citizenship: You have to ask to become a citizen of the EU, by segment.......... 36

Table 4a. EU citizenship: You are both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same

time, by country ....................................................................................................... 37

Table 4b. EU citizenship: You are both a citizen of the EU and (nationality) at the same

time, by segment ...................................................................................................... 38

Table 5a. EU citizenship: If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU, by

country ..................................................................................................................... 39

Table 5b. EU citizenship: If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the EU, by

segment .................................................................................................................... 40

Table 6a. The right to reside in any MS of the EU, by country ............................................... 41

Table 6b. The right to reside in any MS of the EU, by segment .............................................. 42

Table 7a. To acquire the nationality of any MS in which (s)he has lived for at least 5 years,

by country ................................................................................................................ 43

Table 7b. To acquire the nationality of any MS in which (s)he has lived for at least 5 years,

by segment ............................................................................................................... 44

Table 8a. To make a complaint to the EC, EP or European Ombudsman, by country ............ 45

Table 8b. To make a complaint to the EC, EP or European Ombudsman, by segment ........... 46

Table 9a. To participate the municipal elections in the MS they reside, by country ............... 47

Table 9b. To participate the municipal elections in the MS they reside, by segment .............. 48

Table 10a. To participate the national elections in the MS they reside, by country ................ 49

Table 10b. To participate the national elections in the MS they reside, by segment ............... 50

Table 11a. To participate the EP elections in the MS they reside, by country......................... 51

Table 11b. To participate the EP elections in the MS they reside, by segment........................ 52


page 30

Table 12a. To ask for help at embassies of other Member States, by country ......................... 53

Table 12b. To ask for help at embassies of other Member States, by segment........................ 54

Table 13a. To be treated exactly in the same way as a country national anywhere in the EU,

by country ................................................................................................................ 55

Table 13b. To be treated exactly in the same way as a country national anywhere in the EU,

by segment ............................................................................................................... 56

Table 14a. The ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, by country ........... 57

Table 14b. The ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, by segment .......... 58


Annex, page 31

Table 1a. Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union”, by country

QUESTION: Q1. This part of the survey concerns the citizenship of the European Union. Are you familiar with the term 'citizen of the European Union'?

Total N % Yes and

you know

what it means

% Yes, you

have heard

about it, but

you are not

sure what it

means

% No, you

have never

heard the

term 'citizen

of the

European

Union

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 41,4 36,7 21,5 0,4

Belgium 1002 32 31,8 35,3 0,8

Bulgaria 1004 33,2 56,1 10,5 0,2

Czech Rep. 1004 39 45,8 14,9 0,3

Denmark 1002 31,6 39,7 28,3 0,4

Germany 1002 19,9 39,9 40 0,2

Estonia 1001 47 47,1 4,8 1,1

Greece 1002 44 37,8 18 0,1

Spain 1004 63,1 24,1 12,3 0,5

France 1008 34,4 43,1 22,4 0,1

Ireland 1000 40,9 35 23,7 0,4

Italy 1005 65,4 25,9 8,3 0,4

Cyprus 1006 46,9 36 16,7 0,4

Latvia 1001 37,1 50,2 12,4 0,3

Lithuania 1003 47,4 40,8 11,4 0,4

Luxembourg 1004 50,2 26 23,4 0,4

Hungary 1007 49,7 43,7 6,5 0,1

Malta 1001 47,2 30,2 20,6 2

Netherlands 1000 34,9 32,5 32,4 0,2

Austria 1001 30,5 40 29,3 0,2

Poland 1004 31,2 51,3 17,5 0

Portugal 1002 42,6 34,7 20 2,7

Romania 1001 56,2 37,4 5,8 0,6

Slovenia 1008 53,6 34,4 11,4 0,6

Slovakia 1005 56,3 34,8 8 0,9

Finland 1003 44 47,8 8,2 0,1

Sweden 1000 36,5 42,8 19,9 0,8

United Kingdom 1000 44,6 29,5 25,1 0,8


page 32

Table 1b. Familiarity with the term ”citizen of the European Union”, by segment

QUESTION: Q1. This part of the survey concerns the citizenship of the European Union. Are you familiar with the term 'citizen of the European Union'?

Total N % Yes and

you know

what it

means

% Yes, you

have

heard

about it,

but you

are not

sure what

it means

% No, you

have never

heard the

term

'citizen of

the

European

Union

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 41,4 36,7 21,5 0,4

SEX

Male 13065 44,4 35 20,3 0,3

Female 14015 38,7 38,3 22,5 0,5

AGE

15 - 24 4210 37,7 43,8 18,1 0,3

25 - 39 6539 43,7 36,9 19,2 0,2

40 - 54 7528 43,6 35,1 21,1 0,2

55 + 8446 40 35 24,4 0,6

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 34,6 33,8 30,9 0,7

16 - 20 11371 39,7 37,3 22,9 0,1

20 + 7745 48,4 35,4 15,8 0,3

Still in education 3394 41,9 41,4 16,3 0,5

URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 45,3 34,2 20,2 0,3

Urban 11227 44,1 37,1 18,6 0,3

Rural 9848 36,5 38 25,1 0,4

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 47 34,1 18,7 0,2

Employee 8965 44,5 36,8 18,5 0,2

Manual worker 2039 36,3 38 25,6 0,1

Not working 13240 39,3 37 23,3 0,5


Annex, page 33

Table 2a. Being informed about the rights as a citizen of the European Union, by country

QUESTION: Q2. How well do you feel that you are informed about your rights as a citizen of the European Union?

Total N % Not

informed at

all

% Not well

informed

% Well

informed

% Very well

informed

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 18,8 48,9 27,7 3,2 1,4

Belgium 1002 21,2 46,7 27,4 2,1 2,6

Bulgaria 1004 14,1 51,3 28,7 5,1 0,7

Czech Rep. 1004 20,9 47,1 26,4 3,6 1,9

Denmark 1002 8,9 45 39 5 2

Germany 1002 22,2 43,8 30,4 2,6 1

Estonia 1001 11,4 39,6 40,8 4,4 3,8

Greece 1002 23,8 45,8 24,8 5,4 0,2

Spain 1004 16,6 50,1 28,5 3,9 0,9

France 1008 23,3 52,4 22,3 1,3 0,8

Ireland 1000 14,1 41,9 37,9 4,4 1,7

Italy 1005 16,9 52,9 26,5 3,7 0,1

Cyprus 1006 16,8 37,9 35,2 10,1 0

Latvia 1001 22,1 56,1 17,4 4,1 0,3

Lithuania 1003 14,9 57,7 23,7 2,7 1

Luxembourg 1004 10,3 44,7 40,6 3,2 1,2

Hungary 1007 13,5 54,5 29,3 1,4 1,2

Malta 1001 10,7 37,5 43,7 5,8 2,3

Netherlands 1000 15,6 49,5 26,8 1,4 6,6

Austria 1001 15,7 44,6 36,1 2,6 1

Poland 1004 10,5 55,8 31,4 1,5 0,8

Portugal 1002 14,5 57,8 24,3 1,3 2,1

Romania 1001 12,7 44,9 35,8 5,9 0,7

Slovenia 1008 9,4 41,3 43,6 5 0,7

Slovakia 1005 13,9 44,6 36,2 4,8 0,5

Finland 1003 6,7 54,1 36,3 2,6 0,3

Sweden 1000 21,5 47,1 28,6 1,9 0,9

United Kingdom 1000 25,8 44,6 20,8 5,4 3,3


page 34

Table 2b. Being informed about the rights as a citizen of the European Union, by segment

QUESTION: Q2. How well do you feel that you are informed about your rights as a citizen of the European Union?

Total N % Not

informed

at all

% Not

well

informed

% Well

informed

% Very

well

informed

%

DK/NA

EU27 27080 18,8 48,9 27,7 3,2 1,4

SEX

Male 13065 18,6 48,4 28,8 3,2 1

Female 14015 19,1 49,3 26,7 3,2 1,6

AGE

15 - 24 4210 12,4 47,6 35 4,2 0,7

25 - 39 6539 18,9 51,2 26,3 2,4 1,1

40 - 54 7528 19,4 52 24,9 2,7 1

55 + 8446 21,3 44,8 28,2 3,7 2,1

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 27,1 46,2 20,8 3,4 2,5

16 - 20 11371 19,8 50,4 26,4 2,2 1,2

20 + 7745 15,5 49,9 30,2 3,6 0,9

Still in education 3394 11,5 46,7 35,6 5,1 1

URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 16,6 48,7 29,8 3,7 1,3

Urban 11227 17,5 50,1 28 3,2 1,2

Rural 9848 21,4 47,9 26,4 2,9 1,5

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 21,6 46,6 27,4 3,3 1

Employee 8965 17 51,4 27,8 2,8 0,9

Manual worker 2039 21,3 51,7 23,8 1,9 1,2

Not working 13240 19 47,2 28,5 3,6 1,6


Annex, page 35

Table 3a. EU citizenship: You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union, by country

QUESTION: Q3_A. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: - You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union.

Total N % True % False % DK/NA COUNTRY

EU27 27080 17,9 75,2 6,9

Belgium 1002 33,1 56,8 10,1

Bulgaria 1004 11 84,5 4,5

Czech Rep. 1004 7,3 88,1 4,6

Denmark 1002 27,1 66,2 6,7

Germany 1002 19,5 72,4 8,2

Estonia 1001 22,5 66,3 11,2

Greece 1002 23,5 72,1 4,4

Spain 1004 15,3 81,2 3,6

France 1008 19,2 75,3 5,5

Ireland 1000 27,2 67,2 5,6

Italy 1005 12,6 82,5 4,8

Cyprus 1006 27 70,2 2,8

Latvia 1001 18,4 62,2 19,4

Lithuania 1003 18,4 70,1 11,5

Luxembourg 1004 27,7 67,1 5,2

Hungary 1007 5,9 90 4

Malta 1001 22 71,9 6,1

Netherlands 1000 23,3 67 9,7

Austria 1001 18,9 73,8 7,3

Poland 1004 7,5 90,1 2,4

Portugal 1002 17,1 71,3 11,6

Romania 1001 24,5 64,7 10,8

Slovenia 1008 14,9 81,8 3,2

Slovakia 1005 9,9 86,6 3,5

Finland 1003 14,7 79,7 5,6

Sweden 1000 18,2 75,3 6,6

United Kingdom 1000 25,2 63,1 11,6


page 36

Table 3b. EU citizenship: You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union, by segment

QUESTION: Q3_A. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: - You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union.

Total N % True % False % DK/NA

EU27 27080 17,9 75,2 6,9

SEX

Male 13065 16,4 78,3 5,3

Female 14015 19,3 72,3 8,4

AGE

15 - 24 4210 22,4 73,3 4,3

25 - 39 6539 15,8 79 5,1

40 - 54 7528 15,9 77,7 6,5

55 + 8446 19 71,3 9,6

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 24,2 63,8 12

16 - 20 11371 18,4 74,2 7,4

20 + 7745 12,9 83,3 3,8

Still in education 3394 20,2 75,4 4,4

URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 15 79,7 5,3

Urban 11227 17,6 76,3 6,1

Rural 9848 20,1 71,6 8,3

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 13,5 80,6 5,9

Employee 8965 15,8 79,5 4,7

Manual worker 2039 18,9 74,5 6,6

Not working 13240 20,1 71,5 8,4


Annex, page 37

Table 4a. EU citizenship: You are both a citizen of the European Union and (nationality) at the same time, by country

QUESTION: Q3_B. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: You are both a citizen of the European Union and (nationality) at the same time.


EU27 27080 89,6 7,4 2,9

Belgium 1002 89,1 7,9 3

Bulgaria 1004 94,4 3,8 1,9

Czech Rep. 1004 91 5,1 3,9

Denmark 1002 90,7 7 2,4

Germany 1002 87,8 9,7 2,4

Estonia 1001 87 8,7 4,4

Greece 1002 87,2 11,9 0,9

Spain 1004 94,8 4,3 0,9

France 1008 92,9 6,1 1

Ireland 1000 91,8 5,9 2,3

Italy 1005 93,7 4,5 1,8

Cyprus 1006 91,6 6,7 1,7

Latvia 1001 75,9 16,4 7,8

Lithuania 1003 81,4 10,9 7,7

Luxembourg 1004 75,5 22,8 1,7

Hungary 1007 91,7 5,4 3

Malta 1001 94 3,9 2,1

Netherlands 1000 90,2 5,9 3,8

Austria 1001 91,7 6,1 2,2

Poland 1004 94,4 4,2 1,4

Portugal 1002 87,1 3,7 9,2

Romania 1001 90,3 5,1 4,6

Slovenia 1008 93,4 5,2 1,3

Slovakia 1005 86,9 10,9 2,2

Finland 1003 90 7,5 2,5

Sweden 1000 87,1 7,8 5

United Kingdom 1000 78,7 14,3 7


page 38

Table 4b. EU citizenship: You are both a citizen of the European Union and (nationality) at the same time, by segment

QUESTION: Q3_B. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: - You are both a citizen of the European Union and (nationality) at the same time.


EU27 27080 89,6 7,4 2,9

SEX

Male 13065 90,6 7,3 2,1

Female 14015 88,8 7,5 3,7

AGE

15 - 24 4210 91,2 7,1 1,7

25 - 39 6539 89,9 7,5 2,6

40 - 54 7528 90,9 6,7 2,5

55 + 8446 88 8 3,9

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 84,7 9,4 5,9

16 - 20 11371 89,3 7,8 2,9

20 + 7745 93 5,6 1,4


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 90,2 7,6 2,2

Urban 11227 90,2 6,9 2,9

Rural 9848 89,2 7,6 3,2

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 91 6,9 2,2

Employee 8965 90,5 7,2 2,3

Manual worker 2039 90,5 7 2,6

Not working 13240 88,9 7,6 3,5


Annex, page 39

Table 5a. EU citizenship: If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the European Union, by country

QUESTION: Q3_C. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: - If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the European Union


EU27 27080 17,1 71,5 11,4

Belgium 1002 21,9 63,9 14,1

Bulgaria 1004 22,3 64,5 13,2

Czech Rep. 1004 15,1 70,9 14,1

Denmark 1002 20 72 8

Germany 1002 17,2 72,4 10,4

Estonia 1001 27,9 52,5 19,6

Greece 1002 23,7 70,3 6

Spain 1004 16 72,4 11,6

France 1008 20,5 68,8 10,7

Ireland 1000 18,6 69,3 12,1

Italy 1005 8,8 82,6 8,7

Cyprus 1006 24,3 69,1 6,6

Latvia 1001 29 44,7 26,3

Lithuania 1003 22,1 56,4 21,5

Luxembourg 1004 18,6 73,8 7,6

Hungary 1007 12,7 73,7 13,6

Malta 1001 16,3 73,5 10,2

Netherlands 1000 15,7 71,8 12,5

Austria 1001 20,3 72,7 7

Poland 1004 15,1 76,6 8,3

Portugal 1002 13,7 68,9 17,5

Romania 1001 13,2 66,9 19,9

Slovenia 1008 19,3 67,5 13,2

Slovakia 1005 13,4 75,2 11,4

Finland 1003 12,1 78 10

Sweden 1000 17,6 72,2 10,2

United Kingdom 1000 23,7 63,5 12,7


page 40

Table 5b. EU citizenship: If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the European Union, by segment

QUESTION: Q3_C. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: - If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the European Union


EU27 27080 17,1 71,5 11,4

SEX

Male 13065 17 73,8 9,1

Female 14015 17,2 69,4 13,5

AGE

15 - 24 4210 19,1 72,5 8,4

25 - 39 6539 16,3 74,1 9,6

40 - 54 7528 14,3 74,9 10,8

55 + 8446 18,8 66,7 14,5

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 16,9 71,2 11,9

20 + 7745 13,7 77,5 8,8

Still in education 3394 18 73,1 8,8

URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 16,2 73,4 10,5

Urban 11227 17 72 11

Rural 9848 17,5 70,3 12,2

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 14,6 76,5 8,9

Employee 8965 15 75,7 9,3

Manual worker 2039 19,7 67,4 12,9

Not working 13240 18,5 68,5 13


Annex, page 41

Table 6a. EU citizens’ rights: The right to reside in any Member State of the EU, by country

QUESTION: Q4_A. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union has the right to reside in any Member State of the Europea, subject to certain conditions

Total N % Yes, has this

right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 88,3 7,1 4,6

Belgium 1002 85,9 7,1 7

Bulgaria 1004 93,7 2,9 3,4

Czech Rep. 1004 87,9 5,6 6,5

Denmark 1002 90,5 6,4 3,1

Germany 1002 88,4 9,3 2,3

Estonia 1001 92,6 3 4,4

Greece 1002 92,7 5,7 1,6

Spain 1004 94,4 3,3 2,3

France 1008 89,2 6,4 4,4

Ireland 1000 91,8 6 2,3

Italy 1005 88 7 5

Cyprus 1006 91,4 7,1 1,5

Latvia 1001 89 4,9 6,1

Lithuania 1003 90,3 4,5 5,2

Luxembourg 1004 91,3 4,9 3,7

Hungary 1007 85,4 5,1 9,4

Malta 1001 88,4 5,3 6,3

Netherlands 1000 81,7 12,2 6,1

Austria 1001 89,2 7,8 3

Poland 1004 93,5 5 1,5

Portugal 1002 87,1 3,7 9,2

Romania 1001 85,4 4,1 10,5

Slovenia 1008 90,5 6,8 2,7

Slovakia 1005 85,7 10 4,3

Finland 1003 95,8 1,7 2,5

Sweden 1000 86,9 8,3 4,8



page 42

Table 6b. EU citizens’ rights: The right to reside in any Member State of the EU, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_A. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union has the right to reside in any Member State of the Europea, subject to certain conditions


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 88,3 7,1 4,6

SEX

Male 13065 90,4 6,6 3

Female 14015 86,4 7,5 6,1

AGE

15 - 24 4210 88,1 7,6 4,3

25 - 39 6539 88,7 7,3 4

40 - 54 7528 88,9 7,1 4

55 + 8446 87,8 6,5 5,7

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 82 8,9 9,1

16 - 20 11371 87,9 7,7 4,4

20 + 7745 92,4 5,2 2,4


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 91 6 3

Urban 11227 88,6 7 4,4

Rural 9848 86,8 7,7 5,4

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 90 6,6 3,4

Employee 8965 90,4 6,5 3,1

Manual worker 2039 88,2 7,1 4,8

Not working 13240 86,8 7,5 5,7


Annex, page 43

Table 7a. EU citizens’ rights: To acquire the nationality of any MS in which (s)he has lived for at least 5 years, by country

QUESTION: Q4_B. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union has the right to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which he has lived for at least 5 years


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 61,3 20 18,8

Belgium 1002 59 21,9 19

Bulgaria 1004 70,9 13,9 15,2

Czech Rep. 1004 58,5 20,8 20,7

Denmark 1002 49,7 34,3 16

Germany 1002 59,3 26,2 14,5

Estonia 1001 67,4 12,9 19,7

Greece 1002 68,2 18 13,9

Spain 1004 76,2 7,5 16,3

France 1008 44,7 29,1 26,2

Ireland 1000 68,3 18,8 12,9

Italy 1005 56,9 21,5 21,6

Cyprus 1006 77,7 11,6 10,8

Latvia 1001 66,8 11,3 21,9

Lithuania 1003 61,8 15,5 22,7

Luxembourg 1004 61,8 26,1 12,1

Hungary 1007 73,1 6,5 20,4

Malta 1001 75,6 10 14,5

Netherlands 1000 47,3 35,8 16,9

Austria 1001 53,3 25,5 21,2

Poland 1004 78,8 6,8 14,4

Portugal 1002 70,6 8,1 21,3

Romania 1001 73,7 6,1 20,1

Slovenia 1008 70 11,9 18,1

Slovakia 1005 71,2 13,4 15,4

Finland 1003 83,1 4,7 12,2

Sweden 1000 65,7 19,8 14,5

United Kingdom 1000 53,6 24,8 21,6


page 44

Table 7b. EU citizens’ rights: To acquire the nationality of any MS in which (s)he has lived for at least 5 years, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_B. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union has the right to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which he has lived for at least 5 years


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 61,3 20 18,8

SEX

Male 13065 62,3 21 16,7

Female 14015 60,3 19 20,8

AGE

15 - 24 4210 66,7 20,9 12,4

25 - 39 6539 58,9 22,4 18,7

40 - 54 7528 58,8 21,3 19,9

55 + 8446 62,5 16,4 21

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 61,6 19,9 18,6

20 + 7745 57,6 21,7 20,7


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 64,8 17,5 17,7

Urban 11227 61,2 19,4 19,4

Rural 9848 59,3 22,1 18,6

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 57,3 22,9 19,8

Employee 8965 57,6 23 19,4

Manual worker 2039 65,7 18,8 15,5

Not working 13240 64 17,5 18,6


Annex, page 45

Table 8a. EU citizens’ rights: To make a complaint to the EC, EP or European Ombudsman, by country

QUESTION: Q4_C.In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union has the right to make a complaint to the European Commission, European Parliament or European Ombudsman


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 85,4 6 8,6

Belgium 1002 80,4 6,4 13,2

Bulgaria 1004 93,2 2,5 4,4

Czech Rep. 1004 80 9,7 10,3

Denmark 1002 85,2 10,1 4,6

Germany 1002 84,5 6,7 8,8

Estonia 1001 87,1 4,1 8,8

Greece 1002 88,9 6,3 4,8

Spain 1004 91,7 2,6 5,7

France 1008 79,5 7,6 12,9

Ireland 1000 94,3 3,8 1,8

Italy 1005 80,6 7,9 11,5

Cyprus 1006 92,4 3,8 3,8

Latvia 1001 85,1 4,9 10

Lithuania 1003 83,8 4,3 12

Luxembourg 1004 82,1 8,9 9

Hungary 1007 89,6 2,5 7,9

Malta 1001 88,1 3,3 8,6

Netherlands 1000 82,6 8 9,4

Austria 1001 82,9 10 7,1

Poland 1004 94,8 2,2 3

Portugal 1002 79,8 3,6 16,7

Romania 1001 84,3 2,1 13,6

Slovenia 1008 94,5 3,3 2,3

Slovakia 1005 87 7,4 5,5

Finland 1003 92 3,3 4,7

Sweden 1000 88,1 4,7 7,3

United Kingdom 1000 86,5 7,7 5,9


page 46

Table 8b. EU citizens’ rights: To make a complaint to the EC, EP or European Ombudsman, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_C.In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union has the right to make a complaint to the European Commission, European Parliament or European Ombudsman


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 85,4 6 8,6

SEX

Male 13065 87,7 6,1 6,2

Female 14015 83,2 5,9 10,9

AGE

15 - 24 4210 81,1 11 7,9

25 - 39 6539 85,7 5,6 8,8

40 - 54 7528 88,5 4,5 7

55 + 8446 85,2 4,8 9,9

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 78,3 7,7 14

16 - 20 11371 85,7 5,3 9

20 + 7745 90,8 4,2 5


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 87,7 6,3 5,9

Urban 11227 86,8 5,2 8

Rural 9848 82,6 6,5 10,8

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 87,8 5,5 6,7

Employee 8965 88,2 5,4 6,4

Manual worker 2039 84,2 6,6 9,2

Not working 13240 83,3 6,3 10,4


Annex, page 47

Table 9a. EU citizens’ rights: To participate the municipal elections in the MS they reside, by country

QUESTION: Q4_D. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in [COUNTRY], has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal elections here


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 36,9 50,1 13

Belgium 1002 47,3 39,4 13,3

Bulgaria 1004 42,7 45,8 11,5

Czech Rep. 1004 27,6 53,9 18,5

Denmark 1002 39,1 54,6 6,3

Germany 1002 36,4 55,4 8,1

Estonia 1001 31,7 54,6 13,7

Greece 1002 39,5 51,8 8,7

Spain 1004 62 26,6 11,5

France 1008 38,4 51,3 10,3

Ireland 1000 49,3 40,6 10

Italy 1005 30,6 55,1 14,3

Cyprus 1006 51,5 37,6 10,9

Latvia 1001 28,2 55,9 15,9

Lithuania 1003 27 55,2 17,8

Luxembourg 1004 56,1 33,8 10,1

Hungary 1007 22,4 60,5 17,2

Malta 1001 41,2 42,6 16,2

Netherlands 1000 31,8 56,4 11,8

Austria 1001 27,5 63,4 9,1

Poland 1004 30,9 57,7 11,4

Portugal 1002 38,5 38,6 22,8

Romania 1001 39,6 36,8 23,6

Slovenia 1008 28,2 63,4 8,5

Slovakia 1005 28,3 60,5 11,2

Finland 1003 30,5 58,4 11

Sweden 1000 38,6 51,6 9,7

United Kingdom 1000 31,9 48,8 19,3


page 48

Table 9b. EU citizens’ rights: To participate the municipal elections in the MS they reside, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_D. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in [COUNTRY], has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal elections here


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 36,9 50,1 13

SEX

Male 13065 38,4 50,5 11,2

Female 14015 35,5 49,8 14,7

AGE

15 - 24 4210 36,5 52,7 10,7

25 - 39 6539 36,8 51,6 11,6

40 - 54 7528 36,4 51,5 12,1

55 + 8446 38 46,3 15,7

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 34,3 53,4 12,3

20 + 7745 39 49,4 11,6


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 38,6 48,3 13,1

Urban 11227 35,7 51,1 13,2

Rural 9848 37,2 50,3 12,5

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 35,1 53,5 11,4

Employee 8965 36,7 52,7 10,6

Manual worker 2039 36,7 50,4 12,9

Not working 13240 37,4 47,8 14,8


Annex, page 49

Table 10a. EU citizens’ rights: To participate the national elections in the MS they reside, by country

QUESTION: Q4_E. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in [COUNTRY], has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments here


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 25,6 60 14,4

Belgium 1002 32,5 48,5 19

Bulgaria 1004 25,8 54,5 19,7

Czech Rep. 1004 23 57,6 19,4

Denmark 1002 17,1 78,6 4,3

Germany 1002 21,3 71,8 6,9

Estonia 1001 17,1 70,7 12,2

Greece 1002 29,9 61,1 8,9

Spain 1004 41,8 39,7 18,5

France 1008 18,9 63,2 17,9

Ireland 1000 40,1 48,7 11,2

Italy 1005 27,4 57,3 15,3

Cyprus 1006 40 49,5 10,5

Latvia 1001 21 61,7 17,3

Lithuania 1003 20,5 61,3 18,3

Luxembourg 1004 29,6 57,1 13,3

Hungary 1007 16,3 66,1 17,5

Malta 1001 33,9 48,2 17,9

Netherlands 1000 29,9 57,1 12,9

Austria 1001 15,1 76,6 8,3

Poland 1004 22,5 67,7 9,8

Portugal 1002 23,6 49,8 26,6

Romania 1001 32,7 42,4 24,9

Slovenia 1008 18,5 71,3 10,2

Slovakia 1005 22,6 64,3 13,1

Finland 1003 15,8 74,9 9,3

Sweden 1000 16,3 76,3 7,4



page 50

Table 10b. EU citizens’ rights: To participate the national elections in the MS they reside, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_E. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in [COUNTRY], has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments here

Total N

% Yes, has this

right

% No, does not

have this right % DK/NA

EU27 27080 25,6 60 14,4

SEX

Male 13065 24,5 63,9 11,6

Female 14015 26,5 56,4 17

AGE

15 - 24 4210 28,9 58,3 12,8

25 - 39 6539 24,3 62,2 13,5

40 - 54 7528 23,5 62,6 13,9

55 + 8446 26,8 57,1 16

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 24,7 61,1 14,2

20 + 7745 21,5 66,9 11,6


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 23,6 63,1 13,3

Urban 11227 25,8 59,6 14,7

Rural 9848 26,6 59 14,5

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 22,4 65,7 11,8

Employee 8965 22,1 65 13

Manual worker 2039 29,7 55,1 15,2

Not working 13240 28 56,4 15,6


Annex, page 51

Table 11a. EU citizens’ rights: To participate the EP elections in the MS they reside, by country

QUESTION: Q4_F.. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in [COUNTRY], has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections here


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 53,8 29,2 17

Belgium 1002 59,5 23 17,5

Bulgaria 1004 47,1 30,9 22

Czech Rep. 1004 40,7 36,9 22,4

Denmark 1002 36,8 50 13,1

Germany 1002 65,5 24,3 10,2

Estonia 1001 52,1 28,2 19,7

Greece 1002 55,8 31,4 12,8

Spain 1004 66,3 15,6 18,1

France 1008 61,9 22,4 15,7

Ireland 1000 61,2 26,3 12,5

Italy 1005 41,9 38,3 19,8

Cyprus 1006 54,4 31,2 14,4

Latvia 1001 41,9 28,8 29,3

Lithuania 1003 35,4 42 22,6

Luxembourg 1004 62,7 22,1 15,2

Hungary 1007 28,5 47,4 24,1

Malta 1001 55 28,8 16,2

Netherlands 1000 55,6 30,1 14,3

Austria 1001 56,6 32,3 11,1

Poland 1004 52,6 31,3 16,1

Portugal 1002 43,1 28,9 28

Romania 1001 46,1 28,1 25,9

Slovenia 1008 49,2 35,6 15,2

Slovakia 1005 56 30,9 13,1

Finland 1003 40,4 43,3 16,3

Sweden 1000 40,2 43,3 16,5

United Kingdom 1000 48,6 31,8 19,7


page 52

Table 11b. EU citizens’ rights: To participate the EP elections in the MS they reside, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_F.. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in [COUNTRY], has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections here


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 53,8 29,2 17

SEX

Male 13065 56,3 29,8 13,9

Female 14015 51,5 28,6 19,8

AGE

15 - 24 4210 56,2 31,4 12,3

25 - 39 6539 55 29,5 15,5

40 - 54 7528 54,2 29,5 16,2

55 + 8446 51,5 27,6 20,9

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 52,1 30,8 17,1

20 + 7745 57,8 27,4 14,8


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 56,8 27,4 15,8

Urban 11227 52,5 29,6 17,9

Rural 9848 53,8 29,7 16,5

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 52,7 33,1 14,2

Employee 8965 57 28,3 14,7

Manual worker 2039 53,8 27,7 18,6

Not working 13240 52,1 29,3 18,7


Annex, page 53

Table 12a. EU citizens’ rights: To ask for help at embassies of other Member States, by country

QUESTION: Q4_G. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union finding himself outside the EU has the right to ask for for help at embassies of other European Union Member countries, if his country does not have an embassy there


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 79,7 8,7 11,7

Belgium 1002 70,4 13,7 15,8

Bulgaria 1004 84,8 6,5 8,6

Czech Rep. 1004 72,6 12,1 15,3

Denmark 1002 80,3 11,8 7,9

Germany 1002 86,6 7,3 6,2

Estonia 1001 81,7 6,9 11,4

Greece 1002 83 8,5 8,5

Spain 1004 84,1 6,4 9,5

France 1008 72 12,2 15,8

Ireland 1000 81,9 9,4 8,7

Italy 1005 82,4 7,7 9,8

Cyprus 1006 84,1 8,4 7,4

Latvia 1001 78,2 6,3 15,5

Lithuania 1003 83,5 6 10,5

Luxembourg 1004 74,3 10,9 14,8

Hungary 1007 86,2 4,1 9,6

Malta 1001 83,6 6,4 10

Netherlands 1000 72,8 11,3 16

Austria 1001 83,9 7,8 8,3

Poland 1004 87,5 5,4 7,2

Portugal 1002 78,9 5,7 15,4

Romania 1001 61,3 11,4 27,3

Slovenia 1008 85,3 8,3 6,4

Slovakia 1005 78,4 11,4 10,3

Finland 1003 90,5 3,3 6,1

Sweden 1000 76,9 11,4 11,7

United Kingdom 1000 73,6 10,3 16,2


page 54

Table 12b. EU citizens’ rights: To ask for help at embassies of other Member States, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_G. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union finding himself outside the EU has the right to ask for for help at embassies of other European Union Member countries, if his country does not have an embassy there


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 79,7 8,7 11,7

SEX

Male 13065 81,1 8,8 10,1

Female 14015 78,3 8,5 13,2

AGE

15 - 24 4210 80,8 10,9 8,3

25 - 39 6539 80,2 8,5 11,3

40 - 54 7528 81,5 8,2 10,4

55 + 8446 77,6 8 14,4

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 79 8,8 12,1

20 + 7745 83,7 6,7 9,7


URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 82,5 6,9 10,5

Urban 11227 79,9 8,6 11,5

Rural 9848 78,1 9,7 12,2

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 81,9 7,7 10,5

Employee 8965 82,2 7,5 10,3

Manual worker 2039 79,4 10,5 10,2

Not working 13240 77,8 9,3 12,8


Annex, page 55

Table 13a. EU citizens’ rights: To be treated exactly in the same way as a country national anywhere in the EU, by country

QUESTION: Q4_H. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union, residing in another Member State, has the right to be treated exactly in the same way as a national of that State


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 82,8 9,7 7,5

Belgium 1002 72,7 15,3 12

Bulgaria 1004 91,5 3,4 5,1

Czech Rep. 1004 81,5 8,8 9,7

Denmark 1002 66,4 23,7 9,9

Germany 1002 82,8 11,9 5,3

Estonia 1001 88,1 5,1 6,8

Greece 1002 83,6 11,6 4,8

Spain 1004 93,1 2,6 4,3

France 1008 79,4 10,4 10,2

Ireland 1000 84,7 11 4,3

Italy 1005 87,7 6,7 5,6

Cyprus 1006 86,6 8,1 5,3

Latvia 1001 74,8 12,2 13

Lithuania 1003 48,2 32,9 18,9

Luxembourg 1004 82 10,7 7,4

Hungary 1007 84 7,2 8,8

Malta 1001 88,3 5,6 6

Netherlands 1000 71 17 12,1

Austria 1001 81,9 12,5 5,7

Poland 1004 91,2 5,8 3

Portugal 1002 86 3,3 10,8

Romania 1001 80,4 4,4 15,3

Slovenia 1008 76,6 15,5 7,9

Slovakia 1005 83,3 10,3 6,5

Finland 1003 89,5 5,2 5,3

Sweden 1000 78,9 15,4 5,8

United Kingdom 1000 75,9 14,4 9,7


page 56

Table 13b. EU citizens’ rights: To be treated exactly in the same way as a country national anywhere in the EU, by segment

QUESTION: Q4_H. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? - A citizen of the European Union, residing in another Member State, has the right to be treated exactly in the same way as a national of that State


right

% No, does not

have this right

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 82,8 9,7 7,5

SEX

Male 13065 83,4 10,6 6

Female 14015 82,2 9 8,9

AGE

15 - 24 4210 85,3 8,6 6,1

25 - 39 6539 83,9 10,2 5,8

40 - 54 7528 82,5 10,3 7,2

55 + 8446 81,4 9,4 9,2

EDUCATION (end of)


16 - 20 11371 83,4 9,3 7,4

20 + 7745 82,6 11,5 6

Still in education 3394 85,6 8,4 6

URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 83,9 10,7 5,4

Urban 11227 84,1 8,6 7,3

Rural 9848 81,1 10,5 8,4

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 81,3 11,4 7,3

Employee 8965 83,4 10,2 6,4

Manual worker 2039 84,1 9,6 6,3

Not working 13240 82,7 9,2 8,1


Annex, page 57

Table 14a. The ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, by country

QUESTION: Q5. Are you familiar with the 'Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union', which also guarantees fundamental rights to European Union citizens?

Total N % Yes and

you know

what it is

% Yes, you

have heard

about it, but

you are not

sure what it is

% No, you

have never

heard about

the 'Charter of

Fundamental

Rights of the

European

Union'

% DK/NA

COUNTRY

EU27 27080 8,3 39,9 51 0,8

Belgium 1002 4,9 27,5 66,9 0,6

Bulgaria 1004 5,9 51,1 42,9 0,1

Czech Rep. 1004 14,1 46,3 38,4 1,2

Denmark 1002 7,8 30,5 60,7 1

Germany 1002 7,4 44,5 47,3 0,8

Estonia 1001 5,5 55,9 37,7 0,9

Greece 1002 11,2 33,6 54,9 0,3

Spain 1004 17,5 39 42,4 1,1

France 1008 3,2 29,8 66,9 0,1

Ireland 1000 8,8 25,5 65,1 0,7

Italy 1005 11,4 47,3 40,6 0,8

Cyprus 1006 13,2 32,9 52,9 0,9

Latvia 1001 6,5 38,7 53,7 1,1

Lithuania 1003 6,3 43,9 46,9 2,8

Luxembourg 1004 13,7 40,4 45,3 0,5

Hungary 1007 6,5 44,5 48,8 0,2

Malta 1001 7,2 25,8 65,3 1,6

Netherlands 1000 8 35,8 54,9 1,3

Austria 1001 7,9 46,2 45,5 0,4

Poland 1004 5,5 55,4 39 0,1

Portugal 1002 8,2 37,2 52,1 2,4

Romania 1001 7,7 40,7 49,8 1,9

Slovenia 1008 6,8 51,5 41,4 0,3

Slovakia 1005 14,1 45,5 38,6 1,8

Finland 1003 7,1 57,1 34,8 1

Sweden 1000 5 43,6 50,1 1,3

United Kingdom 1000 6,8 24,8 67,1 1,3


page 58

Table 14b. The ”Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, by segment

QUESTION: Q5. Are you familiar with the 'Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union', which also guarantees fundamental rights to European Union citizens?

Total N % Yes and

you know

what it is

% Yes,

you have

heard

about it,

but you

are not

sure what

it is

% No, you

have never

heard about

the 'Charter

of

Fundamental

Rights of the

European

Union'

% DK/NA

EU27 27080 8,3 39,9 51 0,8

SEX

Male 13065 9,5 42,2 47,6 0,7

Female 14015 7,1 37,7 54,2 1

AGE

15 - 24 4210 8,3 36,1 55 0,7

25 - 39 6539 8,3 38,8 52,6 0,3

40 - 54 7528 7,9 42,6 48,9 0,6

55 + 8446 8,7 40,8 49,3 1,2

EDUCATION (end of)

Until 15 years of age 3850 5,3 29,7 63,6 1,4

16 - 20 11371 5,9 39,3 54,4 0,5

20 + 7745 12,1 47,1 40,2 0,6

Still in education 3394 11,5 39,8 48 0,7

URBANISATION

Metropolitan 5830 10 42,6 46,9 0,5

Urban 11227 9,1 42,2 48,1 0,6

Rural 9848 6,4 36 56,7 0,9

OCCUPATION

Self-employed 2650 9,5 40,9 48,7 0,8

Employee 8965 8,9 42,2 48,4 0,5

Manual worker 2039 5,7 34,4 59,4 0,5

Not working 13240 8,1 39 52 1


Annex, page 59

7. Survey details This survey on the General population survey on “Awareness of Citizen’s rights” was conducted for the European Commission, Directorate-General Justice , Freedom and Security , Directorate C -Civil Justice, Rights and Citizenship –Unit C4. Telephone interviews were conducted in each country between the 14/11/2007 and the 18/011/2007 by these Institutes: Belgium BE Gallup Europe (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Czech Republic CZ Focus Agency (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Denmark DK Hermelin (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Germany DE IFAK (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Estonia EE Saar Poll (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Greece EL Metroanalysis (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Spain ES Gallup Spain (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/11/2007) France FR Efficience3 (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/17/2007) Ireland IE Gallup UK (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/17/2007) Italy IT Demoskopea (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Cyprus CY CYMAR (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Latvia LV Latvian Facts (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Lithuania LT Baltic Survey (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Luxembourg LU Gallup Europe (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Hungary HU Gallup Hungary (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Malta MT MISCO (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Netherlands NL Telder (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Austria AT Spectra (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Poland PL Gallup Poland (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/17/2007) Portugal PT Consulmark (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Slovenia SI Cati d.o.o (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/17/2007) Slovakia SK Focus Agency (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Finland FI Hermelin (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Sweden SE Hermelin (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) United Kingdom UK Gallup UK (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Bulgaria BG Vitosha (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/18/2007) Romania RO Gallup Romania (Interviews : 11/14/2007 - 11/17/2007) Representativeness of the results Each national sample is representative of the population aged 15 years and above. Sizes of the sample In most EU countries the target sample size was 1000 respondents. The below table shows the achieved sample size by country


page 60

A weighting factor was applied to the national results in order to compute a marginal total where each country contributes to the European Union result in proportion to its population. The table below presents, for each of the countries: (1) the number of interviews actually carried out in each country (2) the population-weighted total number of interviews for each country TOTAL INTERVIEWS

Total Interviews Conducted % of Total EU27

Weighted % on Total (weighted)

Total 27080 100 27080 100 BE 1002 3.7 575 2.1 BG 1004 3.7 447 1.7 CZ 1004 3.7 581 2.1 DK 1002 3.7 291 1.1 DE 1002 3.7 4747 17.5 EE 1001 3.7 76 0.3 EL 1002 3.7 622 2.3 ES 1004 3.7 2334 8.6 FR 1008 3.7 3213 11.9 IE 1000 3.7 213 0.8 IT 1005 3.7 3322 12.3 CY 1006 3.7 40 0.1 LV 1001 3.7 131 0.5 LT 1003 3.7 190 0.7 LU 1004 3.7 24 0.1 HU 1007 3.7 559 2.1 MT 1001 3.7 22 0.1 NL 1000 3.7 887 3.3 AT 1001 3.7 446 1.6 PL 1004 3.7 2125 7.8 PT 1002 3.7 581 2.1 RO 1001 3.7 1194 4.4 SI 1008 3.7 115 0.4 SK 1005 3.7 298 1.1 FI 1003 3.7 289 1.1 SE 1000 3.7 496 1.8 UK 1000 3.7 3262 12.0


Annex, page 61

Questionnaires 1. The questionnaire prepared for this survey is reproduced at the end of this results volume, in English (see hereafter). 2. The institutes listed above translated the questionnaire in their respective national language(s). 3. One copy of each national questionnaire is annexed to the data tables results volumes. Tables of results VOLUME A: COUNTRY BY COUNTRY The VOLUME A presents the European Union results country by country. VOLUME B: RESPONDENTS’ DEMOGRAPHICS The VOLUME B presents the European Union results with the following socio-demographic characteristics of respondents as breakdowns: Volume B: Sex (Male, Female) Age (15-24, 25-39, 40-54, 55 +) Education (15&-, 16-20, 21&+, Still in full time education) Subjective urbanisation (Metropolitan zone, Other town/urban centre, Rural zone) Occupation (Self-employed, Employee, Manual worker, Not working) Sampling error The results in a survey are valid only between the limits of a statistical margin caused by the sampling process. This margin varies with three factors: 1. The sample size (or the size of the analysed part in the sample): the greater the number of respondents is, the smaller the statistical margin will be; 2. The result in itself: the closer the result approaches 50%, the wider the statistical margin will be; 3. The desired degree of confidence: the more "strict" we are, the wider the statistical margin will be. As an example, examine this illustrative case: 1. One question has been answered by 500 people; 2. The analysed result is around 50%; 3. We choose a significance level of 95 % (it is the level most often used by the statisticians, and it is the one chosen for the Table hereafter); In this illustrative case the statistical margin is: (+/- 4.4%) around the observed 50%. And as a conclusion: the result for the whole population lies between 45.6% and 54.4 %. Hereafter, the statistical margins computed for various observed results are shown, on various sample sizes, at the 95% significance level.


page 62

STATISTICAL MARGINS DUE TO THE SAMPLING PROCESS (AT THE 95 % LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE) Various sample sizes are in rows; Various observed results are in columns:

5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% N=50 6,0 8,3 9,9 11,1 12,0 12,7 13,2 13,6 13,8 13,9 N=500 1,9 2,6 3,1 3,5 3,8 4,0 4,2 4,3 4,4 4,4 N=1000 1,4 1,9 2,2 2,5 2,7 2,8 3,0 3,0 3,1 3,1 N=1500 1,1 1,5 1,8 2,0 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,5 2,5 N=2000 1,0 1,3 1,6 1,8 1,9 2,0 2,1 2,1 2,2 2,2 N=3000 0,8 1,1 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,8 1,8 N=4000 0,7 0,9 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 N=5000 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,3 1,4 1,4 1,4 N=6000 0,6 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,3 1,3


Annex, page 63

8. Questionnaire

Q1. This survey concerns the citizenship of the European Union. Are you familiar with the term “citizen of the European Union”? ONLY ONE ANSWER POSSIBLE

- Yes and you know what it means.................................................................1

- Yes, you have heard about it, but you are not sure what it means................2

- No, you have never heard the term "citizen of the European Union". .........3

- [DK/NA] ......................................................................................................9

Q2. How well do you feel that you are informed about your rights as a citizen of the European Union? ONLY ONE ANSWER POSSIBLE

- Very well informed ......................................................................................4

- Well informed ..............................................................................................3

- Not well informed ........................................................................................2

- Not informed at all .......................................................................................1

- [DK/NA] ......................................................................................................9

Q3. For each of the statements which I am going to read out, please tell me if this is true or false: ONE ANSWER PER LINE

- True .........................................................................................1

- False .......................................................................................2

- [DK/NA]..................................................................................9

a. You have to ask to become a citizen of the European Union. ...................... 1 2 9 b. You are both a citizen of the European Union and (nationality) at the same time. 1 2 9 c. If you so wish, you can choose not to be a citizen of the European Union... 1 2 9

Q4. In fact, all citizens of the EU Member States are "citizens of the European Union" .. In your opinion, what rights does a citizen of the European Union have? ONE ANSWER PER LINE

- Yes, has this right .........................................................1

- No, does not have this right ..........................................2

- [DK/NA] .......................................................................9

a) A citizen of the European Union has the right to reside in any Member State of the European Union, subject to certain conditions. .................................................................1 2 9

b) A citizen of the European Union has the right to acquire the nationality of any Member State in which he has lived for at least 5 years. .............................................1 2 9

c) A citizen of the European Union has the right to make a complaint to the European Commission, European Parliament or European Ombudsman....................................1 2 9


page 64

d) A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in municipal elections here. ..................................................................1 2 9

e) A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in elections to national Parliaments here. .............................................1 2 9

f) A citizen of the European Union from another Member State, living in (OUR COUNTRY), has the right to vote or to stand as a candidate in European Parliament elections here. ..........................1 2 9

g) A citizen of the European Union finding himself outside the EU has the right to ask for help at embassies of other European Union Member countries, if his country does not have an embassy there......................................1 2 9

h) A citizen of the European Union, residing in another Member State, has the right to be treated exactly in the same way as a national of that State. ......................................................................1 2 9

Q5. Are you familiar with the “Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union”, which also guarantees fundamental rights to European Union citizens? ONLY ONE ANSWER POSSIBLE

- Yes and you know what it is............................................................................................. 1

- Yes, you have heard about it, but you are not sure what it is............................................ 2

- No, you have never heard about the "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union 3.

D1. Gender

[ D O N O T A SK - M A R K A PP R O P R I A T E ]

[ 1 ] ............................................................................................................................. Male [ 2 ] ......................................................................................................................... Female

D2. How old are you?

[_][_] ....................................................................................................................years old [ 0 0 ] ..................................................................................... [REFUSAL/NO ANSWER]

D3. How old were you when you stopped full-time education? [ W R I T E I N T HE A G E W H E N E D U C A T I O N W A S T E R M I N A T E D ]

[_][_] ....................................................................................................................years old [ 0 0 ] ..................................................................[STILL IN FULL TIME EDUCATION] [ 0 1 ] .................................................... [NEVER BEEN IN FULL TIME EDUCATION] [ 9 9 ] ..................................................................................... [REFUSAL/NO ANSWER]

D4. As far as your current occupation is concerned, would you say you are self-employed, an employee, a manual worker or would you say that you are without a professional activity? Does it mean that you are a(n)...


Annex, page 65

[ I F A R E S P ON S E T O T H E M A I N C A T E G O R Y I S G I V EN , R E A D O U T T H E R E S P E CT I V E S U B - C A T E G OR I E S - O N E AN S WE R O N L Y ]

- Self-employed i.e. : - farmer, forester, fisherman......................................................................................... 11 - owner of a shop, craftsman........................................................................................ 12 - professional (lawyer, medical practitioner, accountant, architect,...) ....................... 13 - manager of a company............................................................................................... 14 - other............................................................................................................................ 15

- Employee i.e. : - professional (employed doctor, lawyer, accountant, architect) ............................... 21

- general management, director or top management ................................................... 22 - middle management................................................................................................... 23 - Civil servant ............................................................................................................... 24 - office clerk.................................................................................................................. 25 - other employee (salesman, nurse, etc...).................................................................... 26 - other............................................................................................................................ 27

- Manual worker i.e. : - supervisor / foreman (team manager, etc...) ............................................................. 31 - Manual worker ........................................................................................................... 32 - unskilled manual worker............................................................................................ 33 - other............................................................................................................................ 34 - Without a professional activity i.e. : - looking after the home ............................................................................................... 41 - student (full time)....................................................................................................... 42 - retired ......................................................................................................................... 43 - seeking a job............................................................................................................... 44 - other............................................................................................................................ 45

- [Refusal].......................................................................................................................................... 99

D6. Would you say you live in a ...?

metropolitan zone............................................................................................................. 1 other town/urban centre.................................................................................................... 2 rural zone.......................................................................................................................... 3 [Refusal]........................................................................................................................... 9

european union citizenship analytical report€¦ · nationality of a member state. european...

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