Learning ALearning Activctivee European European

CCitizenshipitizenship (Turkey) (Turkey)

33rdrd MEETING MEETING

TurkeyTurkey

How to How to AActivctivateate European European CCitizenshipitizenship

Problems of;Problems of;CHİLDREN

DİSABLED PEOPLE

WOMEN

WHO ARE THE DISADVANTAGED WHO ARE THE DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN?CHILDREN?

THEY ARE;

1. WORKING CHILDREN

2. STREET CHILDREN

3. THE CHILDREN BEING EXPOSED TO

VIOLENCE

WORKING CHILDRENWORKING CHILDREN

Nineteen percent of children and yougsters , who are between 6 and 19 , who form about the nineteen million of the Turkey’s population have been working . Those kids work as a child-labour in different sectors especially in farming.

STRATEGIES:STRATEGIES: In planning the services and resources , the

needs for growing and participating of kids into society should be considered.

Regular services for removing the socio-economic difficulties should be provided as a solution for the families.

It is a must that the unqualified ones in the family should be formed as qualified.

Non-governmental organizations should cooperate actively about child-labour , which may create sensibility and possessiveness among larger parts of society

STREET CHILDRENSTREET CHILDREN In our country , in big cities it is estimated that

thousands of kids , who escape from familial violence,pressure and abuse,try to find the salvation on the streets.

According to the searches ,the 77 percent of the kids aged between 12-15 and the 19 percent of the kids aged between 6-11 live mainly on the streets.

Most of the kids belong to the families who are at the level of sub-socio economics.

Among those kids the usage of cigarette is widespread.They show bad sides of life such as sniffing thinner or glue ,theft, prostitution ,pick-pocketing,etc.

The kids who live on the streets are under the risks of getting in the hazard habit of all.In this case they are risky not only for themselves but also for the parts of all society.

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

The policies should be formed to strengthen the family care instead of Institution Care.

Giving education to raise the awareness of abuse and negligence for family members.

Supporting more functional systems in family planning.

Banning the written and visual media which pervert the social values.

A local monitoring system should be formed in order to early-realize the risks on kids.

CHILDREN WHO ARE EXPOSED TO CHILDREN WHO ARE EXPOSED TO VIOLENCEVIOLENCE

Some of the kids who live in Turkey are surrounded by violence.Even it has local features this matter isin’t merely special to Turkey.

Recent researches indicate that 60 percent of kids in Turkey are physically punished by their parents.

Depending on type of violence and its frequency , violence also badly affects the kids’ stating abilities,school performances,being social and generally emotional health.

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

Regular data and follow-up system about violence should be formed.

Since violence generally occurs in family environment, people should be educated.

If the parents commit violence to their children ,the battered- kids can temporarily be settled in a Social Service Children Institution.

If the parents keep commiting violence , even they are warned , they may be fined.

CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICESCHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES

In our country, the large part of responsibilities in child protection area is the responsibility of Social Services and Child Protection Institution. Child Care Centre model is commonly implemented; however,Family Care model has lately been studied on.

Non-governmental organizations and other institutions have been busy with such studies.

Some projects are being implemented to put away child-labour by the Minister of Child-Labour and Social Security.

Turkey Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction has been maintaining its studies since 2007.

General Directorate of Family and Social Researches have been doing some researches on violence in family.

THE DISABLED PEOPLE THE DISABLED PEOPLE AND THE PROBLEMSAND THE PROBLEMS

1. EDUCATION2. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND TRANSPORTATION3. EMPLOYMENT

                 

 

The proportion of disability, 2002                

A. Toplam- B. Erkek- C. Kadın          

 

 

Total disabled

population  

Orthopedically, seeing, hearing,

speaking and mentally disabled

population  

Population having chronic illnesses

  A B C   A B C   A B C

                       

Türkiye-Turkey12,2

9 11,10 13,45   2,58 3,05 2,12   9,70 8,05 11,33

THE DISABLED PEOPLES’ RATES IN THE DISABLED PEOPLES’ RATES IN TURKEYTURKEY

1. EDUCATION1. EDUCATION

For the disabled people, one of the most important obstacles laying before them to become integrated with public is the matter of education.

In all countries ,the education system is primarly prepared for the abled ones of the population.

In our country, the education expenses of the disabled children are covered by the State.

STRATEGIES:STRATEGIES: For the disabled students ergonomic chairs

and desks should be allocated considering their handicapped condition.

Giving them scholarship should be encouraged and enhanced .

The quality of education and service in the rehabilitation centers should be raised and the control be enhanced.

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

--*Disabled and abled students should be encouraged to become friendly.

--*All sports facilities belong to the State Institutions and Organizations should be arranged for utilizing of disabled individuals .

--*They have to be encouraged about taking part in competitions both nationally and internationally.

--*While designing educational programmes it should be considered to fit for the disabled citizens.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND TRANSPORTATION

--*Child and adult disabled people have a limited way of a daily routine urbanized life. In our cities physical conditions are insufficient for the disabled people.

--* We have regulations about transportation and environment in our laws but, nevertheless, we have boredom with the implementations.

STRATEGIES:--*The pavements should be cobbled for the blind.--* Enhancing the public transport vehicles which are

suitable for the wheelchairs.--*Public elevators should be costructed or

reconstructed for the blind’s utilization.--* Entrance and exit of the governmental institutions

should be suitable for them.--*The blind should also be asked while planning

and projecting an urban area.--*All the areas open to public should be replanned

according to the disabled people.

EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMSEMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS Constitutionally in a workplace , which has a

number of workers between 50-100, at least 2 percent of number have to be allowed to work.

If the employer has more than one hundred workers, he has to allow 3 percent of the number. Nevertheless, the rates are not sufficient.

STRATEGIES:STRATEGIES: The workplaces which have an obligation

to employ the disabled people should be controlled and also,the rate should be promoted to raise.

The rights given to the employers of the disabled should be reported to other employers.

Courses by the Public Education Management should be supplied and enhanced.

The rates of employing disabled people should be enhanced.

For them, new projects on having job should be done.

WOMEN PROBLEMSWOMEN PROBLEMS

• Domestic Violence

• Social and Cultural Pressure

• Gender Discrimination in Education

• Lack of right to work

• Discrimination in the office and injustice incomes.

Domestic ViolenceDomestic Violence

• In the world, 1 of every 3 women is exposed to domestic violence at least once in her life. In Turkey, this rate is higher in accordance with other developed countries. Nearly half of the women throughout Turkey are exposed toviolence.

• According to the experts, the rate of the women who are exposed to physical violence by their husbands or ex-husbands is 39%. This rate steps up onto 97% in the suburbs. The rate of the women who can not tell anybody of the violence they had is 48,5%. The rate of the ones who can not apply to any foundation including non-govermental organization, police or attorney generalship is 92%.

Social and Cultural Social and Cultural PressurePressure

• In Turkey, traditions and religious beliefs limit women’s behaviours, clothes and life styles.

• Religious beliefs and traditions impose women to wear properly, to live under the protection of a man and not to go out much. Women are grown up in the way that they can not stand on their own feet. Thereby, they are kept away from education and work life.

Gender Discrimination in Gender Discrimination in EducationEducation

There are nearly 1 million children who aren’t sent to school although they are at the age of school. The difference between genders is 7% in schooling at primary education level. That means, the number of the girls who don’t go to school is 600.000 more than the boys’ number at the same situation.

The most important obstacle for girls’ education is traditional prejudice of parents which prioritises sons. Most parents see working at home and marriage more important than education when it comes to daughters.

Lack of right to work

• Because of many reasons ,some women aren’t aloowed to work. The most important ones are:

• Men don’t want women to earn their own money and have economic freedom.

• There are a lot of work to do at home for women.

• Although it is illegal, at present there are women working in hard labour.

• Women are seen as cheap labour force so they earn less than the men who do the same work.

• Women are exposed to gender discrimination at in the office.

Discrimination in the office and income injustice

STRATEGIES- AND STRATEGIES- AND SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

• In Turkey, there aren’t enough foundations and organizations which deal with women’s problems.

• Women organizations need to spread to the base by following active politics.

• Participation of women to the work world, policy and management should be encouraged by applying woman quota.

• Women rights matter should take place in education.

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