european research council - a new element in the ue research policy? michał kleiber president of...

European Research Council - a new element in the UE research policy?

Michał Kleiber

President of the Polish Academy of SciencesMember of the European Research CouncilSenior Advisor to the President of Poland

Taipei, September 2008

Limited career opportunities Appealing career opportunities from third countries

attracting European graduates Dropping private R&D investment Fragmentation of research and funding activities →

lack of competition Complex Administration: not helping to attract and

maintain the best researchers Fewer students taking Science subjects

Challenges for Research in Europe

European Science Policy Paradox

How to do ground-breaking research with: no significant investment no scientists involved in policy-making

Why an ERC ?

1.93% of Europe’s GDP is invested in R&D compared with 2.59% in US and 3.15% in Japan (European Commission, July 2005)

US scientists dominate in each of the 21 subject areas of science (Basu, 2004)

Public opinion influenced by the most spectacular, ground-

breaking achievements

Source: Basu, 2004

Countrywise distribution of Highly Cited Scientists

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Mathematics

Physics

Geosciences

Space Sciences

Materials Science

Engineering

Computer Science

Chemistry

Pharmacology

Biology & BioChemistry

Plant & Animal Science

Molecular Biology & Genetics

Microbiology

Immunology

Clinical medicine

Psychology/ Psychiatry

Neuroscience

Ecology/Environment

Agricultural Sciences

Social Sciences

Economics/Business

US

UK

Germany

Japan

Canada

France

Australia

Switzerland

Netherlands

Italy

Sweden

Israel

Belgium

Denmark

New Zealand

Spain

Austria

PR China

India

Finland

Norway

S. Africa

Russia

Taiwan

ca. € 54.5 bn → ca. € 7.8 bn per year, 40% more than in FP6

Cooperation

Ideas

People

Capacities

→ European Research Council (ERC)→ ca. € 7510 m → more than € 1 bn per year,

ca. 14% of FP7 total

FP7

ERC

The Scientific Council

Independent scientific governance

The Executive Agency

Practical implementation and management of operations

The mandate of the Scientific Council includes:

Scientific strategy Monitoring and quality control Communication and dissemination

Members of the ERC Scientific Council: Dr. Claudio BORDIGNON (IT) – medicine (hematology, gene therapy) Prof. Manuel CASTELLS (ES) – information society, urban sociology Prof. Paul J. CRUTZEN (NL) – atmospheric chemistry, climatology Prof. Mathias DEWATRIPONT (BE) – economics, science policy Dr. Daniel ESTEVE (FR) – physics (quantum electronics, nanoscience) Prof. Pavel EXNER (CZ) – mathematical physics Prof. Hans-Joachim FREUND (DE) – physical chemistry, surface physics Prof. Wendy HALL (UK) – electronics, computer science Prof. Carl-Henrik HELDIN (SE) – medicine (cancer research, biochemistry) Prof. Michal KLEIBER (PL) – computational science and engineering, materials science Prof. Maria Teresa V.T. LAGO (PT) – astrophysics Prof. Fotis C. KAFATOS (GR) – molecular biology, biotechnology Prof. Norbert KROO (HU) – solid-state physics, optics Dr. Oscar MARIN PARRA (ES) – biology, biomedicine Lord MAY (UK) – zoology, ecology Prof. Helga NOWOTNY (AT) – sociology, science policy Prof. Christiane NÜSSLEIN-VOLHARD (DE) – biochemistry, genetics Prof. Leena PELTONEN-PALOTIE (FI) – medicine (molecular biology) Prof. Alain PEYRAUBE (FR) – linguistics, asian studies Dr. Jens R. ROSTRUP-NIELSEN (DK) – chemical and process engineering, materials

science Prof. Salvatore SETTIS (IT) – history of art, archeology Prof. Rolf M. ZINKERNAGEL (CH) – medicine (immunology)

Members of the ERC Scientific Council: Dr. Claudio BORDIGNON (IT) – medicine (hematology, gene therapy) Prof. Manuel CASTELLS (ES) – information society, urban sociology Prof. Paul J. CRUTZEN (NL) – atmospheric chemistry, climatology Prof. Mathias DEWATRIPONT (BE) – economics, science policy Dr. Daniel ESTEVE (FR) – physics (quantum electronics, nanoscience) Prof. Pavel EXNER (CZ) – mathematical physics Prof. Hans-Joachim FREUND (DE) – physical chemistry, surface physics Prof. Wendy HALL (UK) – electronics, computer science Prof. Carl-Henrik HELDIN (SE) – medicine (cancer research, biochemistry) Prof. Michal KLEIBER (PL) – computational science and engineering, materials science Prof. Maria Teresa V.T. LAGO (PT) – astrophysics Prof. Fotis C. KAFATOS (GR) – molecular biology, biotechnology Prof. Norbert KROO (HU) – solid-state physics, optics Dr. Oscar MARIN PARRA (ES) – biology, biomedicine Lord MAY (UK) – zoology, ecology Prof. Helga NOWOTNY (AT) – sociology, science policy Prof. Christiane NÜSSLEIN-VOLHARD (DE) – biochemistry, genetics Prof. Leena PELTONEN-PALOTIE (FI) – medicine (molecular biology) Prof. Alain PEYRAUBE (FR) – linguistics, asian studies Dr. Jens R. ROSTRUP-NIELSEN (DK) – chemical and process engineering, materials research Prof. Salvatore SETTIS (IT) – history of art, archeology Prof. Rolf M. ZINKERNAGEL (CH) – medicine (immunology)

Members of the ERC Scientific Council: Dr. Claudio BORDIGNON (IT) – medicine (hematology, gene therapy) Prof. Manuel CASTELLS (ES) – information society, urban sociology Prof. Paul J. CRUTZEN (NL) – atmospheric chemistry, climatology Prof. Mathias DEWATRIPONT (BE) – economics, science policy Dr. Daniel ESTEVE (FR) – physics (quantum electronics, nanoscience) Prof. Pavel EXNER (CZ) – mathematical physics Prof. Hans-Joachim FREUND (DE) – physical chemistry, surface physics Prof. Wendy HALL (UK) – electronics, computer science Prof. Carl-Henrik HELDIN (SE) – medicine (cancer research, biochemistry) Prof. Michal KLEIBER (PL) – computational science and engineering, materials science Prof. Maria Teresa V.T. LAGO (PT) – astrophysics Prof. Fotis C. KAFATOS (GR) – molecular biology, biotechnology Prof. Norbert KROO (HU) – solid-state physics, optics Dr. Oscar MARIN PARRA (ES) – biology, biomedicine Lord MAY (UK) – zoology, ecology Prof. Helga NOWOTNY (AT) – sociology, science policy Prof. Christiane NÜSSLEIN-VOLHARD (DE) – biochemistry, genetics Prof. Leena PELTONEN-PALOTIE (FI) – medicine (molecular biology) Prof. Alain PEYRAUBE (FR) – linguistics, asian studies Dr. Jens R. ROSTRUP-NIELSEN (DK) – chemical and process engineering, materials research Prof. Salvatore SETTIS (IT) – history of art, archeology Prof. med. Rolf M. ZINKERNAGEL (CH) – medicine (immunology)

Frontier Research Classical distinctions between basic and applied research have lost

much of their relevance at a time when many emerging areas of science and technology (e.g. biotechnology, ICT, materials and nanotechnology) often embrace substantial elements of both.

Frontier research pursues questions irrespective of established disciplinary boundaries. It may well involve multi- or trans-disciplinary research that brings together researchers from different disciplinary backgrounds, with different theoretical and conceptual approaches, techniques, methodologies and instrumentation, perhaps even different goals and motivations.

The task of funding agencies is confined to supporting the best researchers with the most exciting ideas.

Need to confront the intrinsic risk involved in frontier research projects.

ERC challenges

Avoid outmoded distinctions : Between “basic” and “applied” research Between “science” and “technology” Between “traditional” disciplines

Significant funding for ambitious frontier research projects – all fields of research, cross-disciplinary and unconventional (high-risk) projects

Simple and flexible application procedures Scientific excellence (of person and proposal) as sole criterion Investigator-driven research – individual research teams led by a single

Principal Investigator are supported (PI located in or moving to EU – no nationality criterion – open to the entire world)

Grants are awarded to the host institution that engages the Principal Investigator

The host institution guarantees the Principal Investigator’s independence and provides the research environment to carry out the project and manage its funding

Special emphasis on young researchers An ERC grant can cover up to 100% of the total eligible direct costs of the

research plus a contribution towards indirect costs, which cannot exceed 20% of the total eligible direct costs

ERC – Guiding Principles

Evaluation

Sole criteria for success – "excellence" of proposal and principal investigator; critical importance of the evaluation panels and process.

Setting up the peer review system for the evaluation process – establishing across the three domains a number of panels covering a broad range of topics – rather than being focused on traditional disciplines, ensuring that consideration given to high quality, interdisciplinary proposals.

Selection of Panel Chairs and members of the highest international reputation in EU and beyond.

Enthusiasm amongst Europe's scientists towards the ERC and ScC strategy seen in unprecedented acceptance approaching 95% of the persons invited to participate in the peer review evaluation panels.

ERC Grants

The ERC Starting Independent Researchers Grants (ERC Starting Grants; StG). The objective is to provide adequate support to the independent careers of excellent researchers, whatever their nationality, located in or moving to the EU and associated countries, who are at the stage of establishing and leading their first research team or program.

The ERC Advanced Investigator Grants (ERC Advanced Grants; AdG). The objective is to encourage and support excellent, innovative investigator-initiated research projects by leading advanced investigators across the EU member states and countries associated to the framework programme. It will complement the Starting Grant scheme by targeting the population of researchers who have already established themselves as being independent leaders in their own right.

Who can apply ?

Individual Teams

The Team Leader (“Principal Investigator”) has: the power to assemble his/her research group, the freedom to choose the research topic.

Individual teams should consist of a grouping of researchers which meets the needs of the project, without “artificial” administrative constraints; thus members may be drawn from one or several legal entities, from either within or across national boundaries, including third countries.

Principal Investigator• 27 EU Member States • Associated Countries (e.g. NO, IS, CH, IL),

including ACC (TR, HR)

Team Members• 27 EU Member States • Associated Countries (e.g. NO, IS, CH, IL),

including ACC (TR, HR)• International Cooperation Partner Countries (ICPC) • Other industrialised countries, e.g. Australia, Canada,

Japan, USA, Taiwan

Who can apply?

Possibility of funding• 27 EU Member States • Associated Countries (e.g. NO, IS, CH, IL),

including ACC (TR, HR)• International Cooperation Partner Countries (ICPC)

Funded only if indispensable• Other industrialised countries

Funding of International Teams

The Principal Investigator (PI) The PI is the team's lead researcher who has the scientific

responsibility for the corresponding project. He/she can be of any age, nationality or country of residence.

In order to be eligible for a grant, the PI must be independent or, for the ERC Starting Grant, at the stage at which she/he is establishing independence (i.e. beginning to lead or leading an independent research team) or, depending on the field, establishing an independent research programme.

Independence implies that the PI has the authority to: Apply for funding independently of senior colleagues; Direct the research project, manage the funding and make appropriate

resource allocation decisions; Publish as senior author and invite as co-authors only those who have

contributed substantially to the reported work; Supervise team members, including research students or others; Have access to reasonable space and facilities for conducting the

research.

ERC Starting Grant - Profile of the Principal Investigator (PI) The PI must have been awarded his/her first PhD (or equivalent

doctoral degree) more than 2 and less than 9 years prior to the deadline of the call for proposals.

Extensions to this period may be allowed in case of eligible career breaks which must be properly documented: maternity (1 year per child born after the PhD award) and paternity leave (accumulation of actual time off, max. 1 year per child born after the PhD award) and leave taken for long-term illness, national service. Leave taken for unavoidable statutory reasons (e.g. clinical qualifications) may also count as an extension. No allowance will be made for part-time working (2 years of half-time working count as 2 full-time years).

The cumulative eligibility period should not in any case surpass 12 years following the award of the first PhD.

ERC Advanced Grant - Profile of the Principal Investigator (PI)

PIs applying for the ERC Advanced Grant must be established research leaders who have made exceptional contributions to research in terms of originality and significance. They must be active researchers with an outstanding track record of significant research achievements in the last 10 years. There is little prospect of an application succeeding in the absence of such an outstanding track record.

In most fields, PIs of ERC Advanced Grant proposals are expected to demonstrate a

record of research achievements in the last 10 years matching at least one or more of the following benchmarks (depending on the field): Normally 10 publications as senior author (or in those fields where

alphabetic order of authorship is the norm, joint author) in major international peerreviewed multidisciplinary scientific journals, and/or in the leading international peer-reviewed journals of their respective fields;

Normally 3 major research monographs, of which at least one is translated into another language. This benchmark is relevant to research fields where publication of monographs is the norm (e.g. humanities and social sciences).

ERC Advanced Grant - Profile of the Principal Investigator (PI) Other alternative benchmarks that may be considered (individually

or in combination) as indicative of an exceptional record and recognition in the last 10 years: Normally 5 granted patents; Normally 10 invited presentations in well-established internationally

organised conferences and advanced schools; Normally 3 research expeditions led by the applicant; Normally 3 well-established international conferences or congresses

where the applicant was involved in their organisation as a member of the steering and/or organising committee;

Internationally recognition through scientific prizes/awards or membership in well-recognised Academies.

Evaluation Criteria - Principal Investigator Quality of research output/track-record:

How well qualified is the Principal Investigator (and any co-Investigator if applicable) to conduct the project (reviewers are expected to evaluate the quality of the prior work such as published results in top peer review journals as well as other elements of the Principal Investigator’s CV).

To what extent are the publications and achievements of the Principal Investigator groundbreaking and demonstrative of independent creative thinking and capacity to go significantly beyond the state of the art? To what extent does the quality and quantity of funding the Principal

Investigator has attracted during the last ten years demonstrate his/her reputation as a performer of ground-breaking research?

Intellectual capacity and creativity: To what extent does the Principal Investigator's record of research,

collaborations, project conception, supervision of students and publications demonstrate that he/she is able to confront major research challenges in the field, and to initiate new productive lines of thinking?

Evaluation Criteria - Research project

Ground-breaking nature of the research: Does the proposed research address important challenges at the

frontiers of the field(s) addressed? Does it have suitably ambitious objectives, which go substantially beyond the current state of the art (e.g. including inter- and transdisciplinary developments and novel or unconventional concepts and/or approaches)? How well conceived and organized is the proposed activity?

Potential impact: Does the research open new and important, scientific, technological or

scholarly horizons? Will the project significantly enhance the research environment and

capabilities for frontier research in Europe (including the host institution)?

Evaluation Criteria - Research project

Methodology: Is the outlined scientific approach (including the activities to be

undertaken by the individual team members) feasible? Is the proposed research methodology (including when pertinent the use

of instrumentation, other type of infrastructures etc.) comprehensive and appropriate to the project? Will it enable the goals of the project convincingly to be achieved within the timescales and resources proposed and the level of risk associated with a challenging research project?

High-gain/High-risk balance: Does the proposed research involve highly novel and/or unconventional

methodologies, whose high risk is justified by the possibility of a major breakthrough with an impact beyond a specific research domain/discipline?

Evaluation Criteria - Research Environment

Contribution of the research environment to the project: Does the host environment provide most of the infrastructure

necessary for the research to be carried out? Is it in a position to provide an appropriate intellectual environment and infrastructural support and to assist in achieving the ambitions for the project and the Principal Investigator?

Participation of other legal entities: If it is proposed that other legal entities participate in the project, in

addition to the applicant legal entity, is their participation fully justified by the scientific added value they bring to the project?

The Scientific Council has established, based on world-wide practice, the following indicative budget for each of the 3 main scientific domains:

Physical Sciences and Engineering: 45%

Biological and Life Sciences: 40%

Social Sciences and Humanities: 15%

A reserve in the overall budget, not exceeding 20% of the total, may be retained for funding proposals that have been judged of comparable merit but beyond the budget allocated to the specific scientific domain, and can be used to further promote frontier research and interdisciplinarity.

Panel structure:Social Sciences and Humanities

SH1 INDIVIDUALS, INSTITUTIONS AND MARKETS: economics, finance and management.

SH2 INSTITUTIONS, VALUES, BELIEFS AND BEHAVIOUR: sociology, social anthropology, political science, law, communication, social studies of

science and technology.

SH3 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY: environmental studies, demography, social geography, urban and regional studies.

SH4 THE HUMAN MIND AND ITS COMPLEXITY: cognition, psychology, linguistics, philosophy and education.

SH5 CULTURES AND CULTURAL PRODUCTION: literature, visual and performing arts, music, cultural and comparative studies.

SH6 THE STUDY OF THE HUMAN PAST: archaeology, history and memory.

Panel structure:Physical Sciences and Engineering

PE1 MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS : all areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics.

PE2 FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUENTS OF MATTER : particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas and optical physics.

PE3 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS: structure, electronic properties, fluids, nanosciences.

PE4 PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMICAL SCIENCES : analytical chemistry, chemical theory, physical chemistry/chemical physics.

PE5 MATERIALS AND SYNTHESIS: materials synthesis, structure-properties relations, functional and advanced materials, molecular architecture,

organic chemistry.

Panel structure:Life Sciences

LS1 MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY: molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics, structural biology,

biochemistry of signal transduction.LS2 GENETICS, GENOMICS, BIOINFORMATICS AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY:

genetics, population genetics, molecular genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, bioinformatics, computational biology, biostatistics, biological modelling and simulation, systems biology, genetic epidemiology.

LS3 CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: cell biology, cell physiology, signal transduction, organogenesis, evolution and development, developmental genetics, pattern formation in plants and animals.

LS4 PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, ENDOCRINOLOGY: organ physiology, pathophysiology, endocrinology, metabolism, ageing, regeneration, tumorygenesis, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome.

LS5 NEUROSCIENCES AND NEURAL DISORDERS: neurobiology, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropharmacology, neuroimaging, systems neuroscience, neurological disorders, psychiatry.

Indicative statistics – ERC Advanced Grants

ERC has influenced the discussion at the national level on how to support high risk projects (changing research funding culture).

Research institutions as well as industry have intensified discussion on the increasing need of frontier research to close the existing and growing knowledge gap.

ERC addresses researchers all over the world. A high proportion of non-European reviewer and panel members. ERC as a global player.

ERC is a learning and flexible institution. The ERC will provide financial support for projects, studies, services and

associated initiatives for the monitoring, assessment and evaluation of the ERC Activities.

BUT measures are needed: to simplify the evaluation procedure to reduce the number of submitted proposals to increase resources …

Preliminary assessment of the wider ERC impact

ERC Starting Grant Calls Indicative Schedule 2007 - 2010

ERC Action Call open Call Deadline Estimated Call Value (€ M)

Evaluation

StG1 Winter 06 Spring 07 290 Spring - Autumn 07

StG2 Summer 08 Autumn 08 290 Winter 08 - Spring 09



ERC Advanced Grant Calls Indicative Schedule 2007 - 2010

ERC Action Call open Call Deadline Estimated Call Value (€ M)

Evaluation

AdG1 Autumn 07 Spring 08 525 Spring 08 - Autumn 08




Further Information

Website of the ERC Scientific Council at http://erc.europa.eu

New ideas and goals of FP7

Concentration on large research and technology initiatives Focus on coordination and cooperation, programming of

research Large number of participants, oversubscription, 37 countries

7FP

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Preliminary results of the first FP7 Calls

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50

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150

200

250

300

350

Health

Food IC

TNM

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Energ

y

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nmen

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Tran

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tSSH

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Secur

ity

proposals

participants in proposals

0

510

1520

25

3035

4045

50

Health

Food IC

TNM

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Energ

y

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nmen

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spor

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ity

projects

participants in projects

7FP

7FPChina: 283 (48 with Polish partners) 45 (9 with Polish partners) on MAINLIST

Proposal Acronym Priority Area Applicant Legal Name No of Partners

Proposal EC Decision Status

AsiaFluCap Health Centres for Disease Control, Department of Health, Taiwan

7 MAINLIST

ESCAPE Environment (including Climate Change) National Taiwan University 25 RESERVE

KYOTO Information and Communication Technologies

Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica 9 MAINLIST

AQUANET Environment (including Climate Change) Industrial Technology Research Institute 10 REJECTED

EARNSA Activities of International Cooperation Industrial Technology Research Institute 28 REJECTED

BioMedGrid Research Infrastructures Academia Sinica 16 REJECTED

OpenNano Information and Communication Technologies

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd.

9 REJECTED

PAIL Information and Communication Technologies

Tatung University 7 REJECTED

DARE Information and Communication Technologies

National Taiwan University 20 REJECTED

INNO-ASTA Research for the benefit of SMEs Orgchem Technologies Inc. 8 REJECTED

MILTAFFORDABLE Health Formosa Laboratories, Inc. 6 REJECTED

7PR In submitted proposals 11 research teams from Taiwan (two on MAINLIST for funding), no Polish partners in consortia

Polish Technology Platformscorrelation ETP – PTP (1) European Technology Platforms (ETPs) Polish Technology Platforms (PTPs)

Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies PTP of Advanced Materials

Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe PTP of Aerospace

Embedded Computing Systems PTP of Information Technologies

European Construction Technology Platform Polish Construction Technology Platform

European Nanoelectronics Initiative Advisory Council PTP for Opto-and NanoTechnologies

European Rail Research Advisory Council PTP of Railway Transport

European Road Transport Research Advisory Council PTP of Road Transport

European Intermodal Research Advisory Council XXX

European Space Technology Platform Polish Space Technology Platform

European Steel Technology Platform Polish Steel Technology Platform

European Technology Platform on Smart Systems Integration XXX

Food for Life PTP for Food

Forest based sector Technology Platform PTP for Forestry and Wood Sector

Future Manufacturing Technologies PTP of Production Processes

Future Textiles and Clothing PTP for Textile Industry

Global Animal Health XXX

Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Platform PTP of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell

European Technology Platform on Industrial Safety PTP on Industrial Safety

Innovative Medicines Initiative PTP on Innovative Medicine

Integral Satcom Initiative XXX

7FP

European Technology Platforms (ETPs) Polish Technology Platforms (PTPs)

Mobile and Wireless Communications PTP on Mobile Communications and Wireless Technology

Nanotechnologies for Medical Applications XXX

Networked and Electronic Media XXX

Networked European Software and Services Initiative XXX

Photonics21 XXX

Photovoltaics XXX

Plants for the Future XXX

Robotics XXX

Sustainable Chemistry PTP for Sustainable Chemistry

Water Supply and Sanitation Technology Platform Polish Environmental Technologies Platform

Waterborne ETP PTP for Waterborne Transport

Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plants Polish Clean Coal Technology Platform

European Platform on Sustainable Mineral Resources PTP for Non-ferrous Metals

Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform Polish Nuclear Technology Platform

XXX PTP of Security Systems

XXX Polish Platform for Homeland Security

XXX Polish Platform of Foundry Technology

XXX PTP of Biotechnology

XXX PTP for Biofuels

Polish Technology Platformscorrelation ETP – PTP (1)

Objectives of Polish Technology Platforms

Integration of key industrial and research partners of a specific economy sector for joint research, technology development and technology initiatives

Formal coordination structure, cooperation agreement Close links to Ministry of Research, Ministry of Economy and

other related Ministries Technology regulatory framework, legal problems Promotion, lobbying

Active participation in European Technology Platforms Active role in development of Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) Transfer of Polish initiatives to ETP Preparation of joint proposals, initiatives

Participation in FP7 collaborative projects Optimal use of european structural funds (67 billion euro)

7FP

TECHNOLOGY CLUSTER Aviation Valley

Regional initiative Supply chain 70 years of tradition 70 companies 10000 employed Turnover 600M€ Cooperation with

research units

7FP

Thank you for your attention

7FP

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