equine enterolithiasis
DESCRIPTION
Equine Enterolithiasis. Accession # 114670 Erica Fields, DVM. Toby Henderson. 15 yo Appendix (no, really) gelding 9 day history of colic, unresponsive to Banamine Large colon impaction palpated by rDVM Presented to VTH – gas in cecum, tension in cecal bands, no impaction palpated. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Equine Enterolithiasis
Accession # 114670Erica Fields, DVM
Toby Henderson 15 yo Appendix (no, really) gelding 9 day history of colic, unresponsive
to Banamine Large colon impaction palpated by
rDVM Presented to VTH – gas in cecum,
tension in cecal bands, no impaction palpated
An Appendix horse
Blikslager 2002
Enterolithiasis Pathophysiology
Typically struvite (ammonium magnesium phosphate)
Need a nidus for formation (often a silicon dioxide stone, nail, or piece of rope)
Possible causes/predisposing factors Increased magnesium diets Geographic distribution (in CA, 28% of
surgical colics have enteroliths!) Breeds (Arab, Morgan, Am. Saddlebred,
donkey)
Blikslager 2002
Enterolithiasis Common sites – right dorsal colon and
transverse colon Clinical signs
Intermittent colic in mature horses (>4 yo) Few rectal palpation abnormalities until large
enough to occlude colon and cause severe pain/distension
Treatment Generally, surgery is required – try to push
toward pelvic flexure enterotomy Prognosis – generally good (92% 1 year
survival for surgically treated). Rupture occurred in 15%.
Dorsal view of the colon
Cecum
Right ventral colon
Left ventral colon
Left dorsal colon Right dorsal
colon
Pelvic flexure
Transverse colon
Small colonhttp://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/Van308/_derived/
equine.htm_txt_lgcolon.gif
Blikslager 2002
Alternative DDx Colonic sand impaction
Common in horses on sandy soil Ground fed Sand accumulation usually in right
dorsal colon and pelvic flexure Clinical signs – diarrhea (irritates
mucosa), colonic impaction signs, sand in feces, “sand rubs”
Treatment – medical initially (Psyllium), may need surgery
Toby – Sand impaction
Sly – Enterolith
Reference Blikslager AT. Surgical disorders of
the large intestine. In Large Animal Internal Medicine, 3rd ed. 2002. pp 662-663.