Enzymes A review of how they work

Generate a definition of Enzymes

• Proteins that promote specific rxns in cells by lowering activation energy required to start a rxn.

How do enzymes work?• Lower activation energy• increase speed of metabolic rates• Break down….build up???

Anatomy of Enzyme Action

Induced fit model

• Enzymes are specific

• http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab2/induced.html

• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

What happens after an enzyme does its job?

• Required in small amounts because as they

work, not consumed.

Factors that affect how enzymes work?

• Temperature• pH• Amount of substrate available

Brainstorm of Enzymes

• Saliva• Stomach • Nervous system: AcHase• Milk products• Papaya fruit• Unprocessed fruits• Kiwi: actiniclin• Soybeans (lipoxygenase)• Fireflies (luciferase)• Pineapples (bromelain)• Potatoes• Egg whites• Turnips (peroxidase)• Tears• Yeast (sucrase)• Lactase• Onions• detergents

How do you know “enzymes” are working?

http://www.enetez.com/images/default/for_sale.jpg

Challenge• Design an experiment that will test the

effectiveness of an enzyme on the protein gelatin.

• Stipulations– Experiment will be performed in class period – conduction is totally designed by experimenters– Enzyme will be proteases (source: detergent)– Data collection must be qualitative and quantitative

• Review scoring guide for how you will be graded

materials• Test tubes• Petri dishes• gelatin• Water• Detergent (u supply)• Ruler• Straws• Sharpie/wax pens

Exit slip

• List of materials• Independent variable• Dependent variable• Constants• Control• Experimental (treatment

group)• What are you measuring

http://www2.visalia.k12.ca.us/eldiamante/science/biology/taters/enzyme_mc.htm