energy & motion

7/28/2019 Energy & Motion

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Who Needs It??

Grade 6Mrs. Figoten


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ENERGY:POTENTIAL & KINETIC

Potential energy Stored up energy

or energy held inreadiness

Kinetic energy Energy of motion


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ENERGY:The ability to do

work & cause change KINETIC ENERGY

Energy of motion

EXAMPLES

moving bicycle

moving auto

high jumper jumping

runner

POTENTIAL ENERGY

Stored-up energy, or

energy held in readiness

EXAMPLES:

Elastic Potential Energy

Like slingshot or bungeecord

Gravitational Potential Energy

Like diver on diving board

or light bulb in off position


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POTENTIAL ENERGY

Most potential

Energy stored or held in readiness


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THE TRADE OFF BetweenPotential & Kinetic Energy


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KINETIC ENERGY

Energy of motion


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TYPES OF ENERGY

MECHANICAL Car, plane, wagon

THERMAL Heat from moving molecules

Inside all matter; furnace

ELECTROMAGNETIC Visible light, microwaves, radio

waves

CHEMICAL Batteries, matches,

body cells

ELECTRICAL Lightning, power lines

NUCLEAR Nuclear power plants,

atomic bomb, sun &stars


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FORCES & MOTION

FORCE

A Pushor a Pull

MOTION A Change of Position

or Location


9/18

FRICTION AS A FORCE

Strength of friction depends

on:

Types of surfaces involved

How hard surfaces push

together


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TYPES OF FRICTION

SLIDING FRICTION 2 solid surfaces

Strength depends on roughness of surfaces

ROLLING FRICTION One solid rolls over the other Much easier to move object

FLUID FRICTION Solid moving through a liquid or gas Less than sliding friction


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GRAVITY AS A FORCE

FREE FALL

Object accelerates as it falls due to gravity

Object accelerates at rate of 9.8 m/s 2

Every second velocity increases by 9.8 meters per second

@ 2 seconds velocity is 9.8m/s + 9.8m/s = 19.6 m/s

@ 3 seconds velocity is 9.8m/s + 9.8m/s + 9.8m/s =29.4 m/s


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GRAVITY

AS A FORCE

AIR RESISTANCE Type of fluid friction that opposes motion

WEIGHT Measures force of gravity on object Weight = Mass X Acceleration due to Gravity


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WHAT MAKES OBJECTS

STARTMOVING . . .

STOP MOVING . . .

SLOW DOWN . . .

SPEED UP . . .

or CHANGE DIRECTION?


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NEWTONS FIRST LAW

An object at rest remains at

rest and an object in motionremains in motion unless acted

upon by an outside force.


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NEWTONS SECOND LAW

THE FORCE EXERTED BY AN OBJECT ISRELATED TO ITS MASS & ITSACCELERATION

AN OBJECTS ACCELERATION ISRELATED TO ITS MASS & THE FORCEREQUIRED TO MOVE IT

FORCE = MASS X ACCELERATION


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WHAT AFFECTS WHAT?

FORCE ACCELERATION

ACCELERATION FORCE

MASS FORCE

MASS ACCELERATION

FORCE = MASS X ACCELERATION


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NEWTONS

THIRD LAW For every action, there

is an equal &opposite reaction


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THE END

energy & motion

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