heat a form of energy molecules and motion the motion of atoms or molecules is called thermal...
TRANSCRIPT
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Heat
A Form of Energy
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Molecules and Motion
•The motion of atoms or molecules is called thermal energy.
•The more motion, the more energy.
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Heat
•The movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a colder one.
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Forms of heat transfer
•Three forms of heat transfer:
•Conduction•Convection •Radiation
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Conduction
•Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact.
•Conductors allow heat to transfer, insulators do not.
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Convection
•Takes place in liquids and gases as molecules move in currents
•Warm fluids rise and cold ones sink.
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Radiation
• Heat is transferred through empty space.
•Energy from the sun being transferred to the Earth.
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Questions
• What are the three types of heat transfer?
• How is conduction different from radiation?
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What type of heat transfer is involved?
• Heating a room with a fireplace
• Egg cooking in a frying pan
• Roof of a house becoming hot
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What type of heat transfer?
• Warm air mass bringing a change in the weather.
• Wire getting hot from an electric appliance.
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Temperature and Heat
•Kinetic energy is the energy of motion
•Temperature is the measure of the kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
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Thermometer
• A instrument used to measure temperature
• Thermometers commonly have alcohol (with dye) or mercury
• Digital thermometers have replaced older ones
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Celsius Scale
•Celsius is the metric scale for measuring temperature
•Water freezes at 0ºC and boils at 100ºC
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Kelvin scale
•The Kelvin scale is a metric temperature scale measured in Kelvins (K)
•Formula (273+ºC)= Kelvin
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Questions
• What is the formula for converting a Celsius temperature to a Kelvin temperature?
• What is the boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale?
• What is the freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale?
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Absolute zero
•The temperature in which all molecular motion stops (0 K)
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Questions
•Describe absolute zero.•What is absolute zero on the Celsius scale?
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Temperature
•Joule is the unit for measuring thermal energy.
•Energy, mass, and type of substance determine the amount of temperature change
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Specific Heat
•The ability of a substance to absorb thermal energy.
•Different substances absorb heat at different rates.
•The greater the mass of the object the more heat can be absorbed.
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Calculating Heat Energy
• EnergyHeat =
• Mass x Temp Change x Specific Heat
• Mass in Kg
• Temp change in Kelvins (K)
• Specific Heat in Joule/Kg - K
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Questions
•How can heat be measured?
•What is the unit used to measure heat?
•What is specific heat?
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Heat expansion
•As atoms move faster, they take up more space.
•Most solids, liquids, and gases expand as they are heated
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Unusual Expansion of Water
•Between 4ºC and 0ºC, water EXPANDS as it cools and turns into a solid.