elements of art · elements of art art i vocabulary . color: element of art derived from reflected...
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Elements of Art
Art I Vocabulary
Color: Element of art derived
from reflected light
Without light there is no color!
3 Main Properties of Color: 1) Hue
2) Value 3) Intensity
Hue: The name of the
color in the color spectrum
Value: Describes the
lightness or darkness of an object
Tint: A light value of a hue
made by mixing it with WHITE
Shade: A dark value of a hue
made by mixing it with BLACK
Tone: A medium value of a hue made by
mixing it with GRAY (black + white)
Intensity: The brightness or dullness of a hue
Color Wheel: The visible spectrum
of color bent into a circle.
Primary: The 3 basic colors
from which all other colors are made
Yellow, Blue, Red
Secondary: Colors made by mixing
two Primary colors
Green, Violet, Orange
Tertiary:
Hues made by mixing a primary color with its
secondary color
These are also known as Intermediate colors.
*Note* The PRIMARY color name is always put first when naming tertiary colors.
(Ex. Red-Orange,
Blue-Violet, Yellow-Green)
The tertiary colors are: Red-Orange, Red-Violet,
Blue-Green, Blue-Violet,
Yellow-Orange, and Yellow-Green.
Neutrals: Black, White, Gray, Brown,
and Metallics
Neutrals can be used in any color harmony
without changing the color harmony.
Color Harmonies: Plans for organizing
colors
Monochromatic: ONE color plus its tints and shades
(Has a unifying effect)
Analogous:
Colors that are side-by-side
on the color wheel.
They have a shared hue.
Complementary: Colors that are
opposite each other on the color wheel
Shape: Objects having two
dimensions (height and width)
Geometric: Precise shapes that can
be described using mathematical formulas
(circle, square,
triangle, rectangle)
Freeform: Irregular and uneven
shapes whose outlines are curved,
angular, or both
Organic: A shape which looks
like something from nature
Template: a stencil, pattern, or overlay used to reproduce letters, shapes or designs
Form: Objects having
three dimensions
(height, width, and depth)
Relief: A type of sculpture
in which forms project from a flat
background.
Bas relief projects only slightly from the background.
High relief projects at least halfway out
from the background.
In the round: A type of sculpture in which the forms stand completely
free of a background
Like shapes, forms can also be
geometric, freeform, or organic.
Line: The path of a moving point through space
(Lines are typically long, narrow marks or strokes made on or in a surface.)
Lines can be described by their:
Length, Width, Texture, Degree of Curve,
Direction (Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal,
Curved, Zigzag)
Texture:
The element that refers to how things feel or how they appear to feel, if touched.
(Texture is perceived by touch and sight.)
Real: How things feel
(also known as Tactile Texture)
Implied: How things appear
to feel if they were touched
Space: The emptiness or area
between, around, above, below, or
within objects
Positive space: Shapes or forms in
two- and three- dimensional art
Also known as FIGURE.
Negative space: Empty spaces surrounding
shapes and forms.
Also known as GROUND.
What is Figure and what is Ground?
Foreground: Part of the picture plane that appears closest to
the viewer.
(Usually at the bottom of the picture plane)
Background: Part of the picture plane
that seems to be the farthest from the viewer.
It is usually located in the upper part of the picture
plane.
Middle ground:
Area in a picture plane between the foreground
and the background.
Linear perspective:
A graphic system that creates the illusion of depth and volume on
a flat surface.
Vanishing point:
Point on the horizon where receding parallel lines (orthogonal lines)
seem to meet.
Horizon:
The point at which the earth and sky
seem to meet.
Point of View:
The angle from which the viewer sees an
object.
Media: Materials used to
make art
(medium is singular, media is plural).
Pen & Ink techniques that can be used for shading:
Stippling, Hatching, Cross-Hatching,
Scumbling, Contour, Cross-contour, Weaving,
etc.