el subjuntivo presente · forming the subjunctive drop the “o” from the yo form and add the...

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El Subjuntivo Presente (Un paseo en el mundo extraño…)

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Page 1: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

El Subjuntivo Presente

(Un paseo en el mundo extraño…)

Page 2: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Subjunctive vs. Indicative

Indicative: actual events or facts

Subjunctive: what a person does or doesn’t want,

tell, or recommend someone else do. In general,

the subjunctive refers to things that are doubtful or

that may or may not happen.

Page 3: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Forming the subjunctive

Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the

opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these

endings:

VOTAR (to vote)

Que vote que votemos

Que votes que votéis

Que vote que voten

Page 4: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

For –er/-ir verbs, drop the “o” from the yo form

and add the opposite –AR endings:

PROMETER (to promise)

Que prometa que prometamos

Que prometas que prometáis

Que prometa que prometan

Page 5: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Example of –ir verb

RECIBIR (to receive)

Que reciba que recibamos

Que recibas que recibáis

Que reciba que reciban

Page 6: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Subjunctive of stem-changing verbs

Stem-changing –ar and –er

verbs have stem changes

in all but nosotros and

vosotros forms.

que pueda que podamos

que puedas que podáis

que pueda que puedan

Page 7: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Subjunctive of –ir stem changers

Stem changing –ir verbs have stem changes in all

forms but nosotros and vosotros

AND they change ei or ou in nosotros and

vosotros DORMIR (to sleep)

que duerma que durmamos

que duermas que durmáis

que duerma que duerman

Page 8: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Subjunctive of –car, -gar, and -zar

The subjunctive form

reflects the changes of the

yo form preterite.

que explique

que paguemos

que empiece* Note that empezar takes both the

stem-change and the spelling change.

Page 9: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Verbs irregular in the yo form present

Hacer-hag-o haga

Tener-teng-o tenga

Ver-ve-o vea

Espero que Ustedes tengan buenas notas.

These verbs aren’t actually irregular—they just look that way!

Page 10: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Yo forms of irregular subjunctive verbs that don’t

follow the previous pattern.

Dar dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den

Ir vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan

Saber sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan

Haber haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan

Estar esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén

Ser sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean

Page 11: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Uses of the subjunctive

As negative tú commands,

Usted and Ustedes

commands

¿Recuerdas?

No hables

Hable Ud.

Hablen Uds.

Page 12: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

OFTEN (but not always) a sentence that includes

the subjunctive has two parts connected by “que.”

querer

Subject + decir + que + diff. subject + subjunctive

recomendar

sugerir

Page 13: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Other verbs that signal the

subjunctive:

Exigir

Pedir

Insistir

And other verbs that indicate a

request, wish, demand, command,

etc.

Page 14: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

After impersonal

expressions to specify who

should do something.

Es importante que estudies

mucho.

Es necesario que comas.

Page 15: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Other impersonal expressions that signal the

subjunctive:

Es necesario que, es importante que, es preciso

que, no es fácil que, es tiempo de que, and es

lástima que

Page 16: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

After verbs and

expressions of

doubt/uncertainty.

Dudo que tengamos un día

de nieve.

Page 17: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Other verbs and expressions of doubt/uncertainty

Dudar que, es posible que, es improbable que, no

creer que, no estar seguro de que, es imposible

que, es probable que, no es cierto que, es increíble

que. . .

Page 18: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

In adjective clauses that

don’t have a specific

person in mind or in

which no one fits the bill.

(nadie, nada, ninguna)

Necesitamos una persona que cocine

bien.

No hay nadie quien enseñe como

Señora Kilpatrick.

Page 19: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

With cuando to describe

something that has not

happened yet or that may

or may not happen.

Voy a ir a Francia cuando

aprenda francés.

Page 20: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Verbs and expressions of emotion if there are two

different subjects OR if the main verb expresses an

emotion or opinion about the second verb

Temo que ustedes no comprendan el subjunctivo.

Es triste que ella se mude a Arizona.

Page 21: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Other verbs and expressions of emotion:

Temer que, preocuparse que, es una lástima que,

alegrarse de que, sentir que, tener miedo de que

Page 22: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

After para que to explain

why someone did

something.

Enseño para que ustedes

aprendan bien el idioma.

Page 23: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Ojalá que

“Ojalá” is an important expression, especially

among Spaniards. This expression literally means

“Allah grant that,” and it is used in the English

equivalent of “May it be so.”

Ojalá que ustedes tengan una vida rica con mucha

felicidad.

Page 24: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Stay tuned for other uses!

Dondequiera, cualquiera

E-S-C-A-P-A

Chad ate

We commands

Sea lo que sea

Tan + adj/adv + como

Page 25: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Práctica

1. Necesitamos alguien que ____ bien. (cocinar)

2. Los estudiantes quieren una profesora que ____ simpática. (ser)

3. Mi hermano sabe un hombre que _____ bien. (bailar)

4. La escuela busca un estudiante que _____ bien. (dibujar)

5. Yo sé unos estudiantes que _____ bien. (cantar)

Page 26: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Más práctica

6. Iré a New Orleans cuando _____ tiempo. (tener)

7. Mi hermano va a trabajar en España cuando ____

español. (aprender)

8. Todos los días hago la tarea cuando _____ tiempo.

(tener)

9. Podemos empezar cuando _____ la profesora. (regresar)

10. Compraré un carro nuevo cuando _____ dinero. (tener)

Page 27: El Subjuntivo Presente · Forming the subjunctive Drop the “o” from the yo form and add the opposite –ER/IR endings. For –ar verbs, add these endings: VOTAR (to vote) Que

Aún más práctica

11. Temo que ustedes no _____ buenas notas en el examen

final. (tener)

12. Me alegro de que el semestre _____ pronto. (terminar)

13. Es triste que el gato _____ . (morir)

14. Es una lástima que nosotros no _____ ir a casa ahora.

(poder)

15. Me molesta que algunos estudiantes no _____. (estudiar)