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Page 1: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

subjuntivitis

Page 2: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

-AR VERBS

        Take the first person of the verb

        Remove –o and add endings

e

es

e

emos

éis

en

Page 3: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

-ER / -IR VERBS

        Take the first person of the verb

        Remove –o and add endings

a

as

a

amos

áis

an

Page 4: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

IRREGULARS

        caber quepa

        dar dé (accents 1st and 3rd person sing.)

        estar esté (accents all but 1st person plu.)

        haber haya

        ir vaya

        saber sepa

ser sea

Page 5: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

RADICAL CHANGING VERBS

a) Change happens as in the present tense

e.g. VOLVER vuelva

vuelvas

vuelva

volvamos

volváis

vuelvan

Page 6: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

RADICAL CHANGING VERBS

b) 1ST AND 2nd PERSON PLURAL

        o…….ir verbs O U

e.g. DORMIR duerma

duermas

duerma

durmamos

durmáis

duerman

Page 7: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

RADICAL CHANGING VERBS

b) cont.

        e……ir verbs E I

e.g. SENTIR sienta

sientas

sienta

sintamos

sintáis

sientan

Page 8: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #1

EXPRESSIONS OF PURPOSE 

para que so that

a fin de que in order to

con el objeto de que with the objective of

de modo que in such a way that

con tal que provided that

a condición de que on condition that

Page 9: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #1

EXPRESSIONS OF PURPOSE, cont. 

de manera que so that

en caso de que in case that

a menos que unless

a no ser que unless

sin que without

antes de que before

aunque even though, even if

Page 10: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

EXPRESSIONS OF PURPOSE - PRACTICE

1. I will fail the exam unless I study

2. It’s necessary to recycle so that we protect the

environment

3. She gives a lot to charity although she is poor

4. A hurricane can kill a lot of people unless they shelter

themselves

5. I’m going to tidy my room before my mum complains

Page 11: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

EXPRESSIONS OF PURPOSE - PRACTICE

6. She can never do anything without her boyfriend knowing

7. I have to close my eyes so that they don’t hurt

8. They read the paper a lot so that (which means that) they are always aware of what is happening in

the world

9. We’ll go to the disco unless it’s too busy

10. Warn him before it’s too late

Page 12: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #1

ANSWERS

• Suspenderé el examen a menos que estudie

• Es necesario reciclar para que protejamos el medio

ambiente

3. Da mucho a obras benefices aunque sea pobre

4. Un huracán puede matar a mucha gente a menos que la

gente se abrige

 5. Voy a arreglar mi dormitorio antes de que se queje mi

madre  

Page 13: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #1

ANSWERS

6. Nunca puede hacer nada sin que se entere/sepa su novio

7. Tengo que cerrar los ojos para que no me duelan

8. Leen mucho el periódico de manera que siempre estén

enterados de lo que pasa en el mundo

9. Iremos a la discoteca a menos que sea demasiado

ocupada

10. Avísale antes de que sea demasiado tarde

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 14: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS 

•Verbs of wanting, liking, ordering, advising, allowing or causing someone/something to do an action

•Verbs of avoiding, preventing or prohibiting someone/something from doing an action

•The subject of the two verbs must be different

e.g. Quiero ayudar (I want, I help)

¿Quieres que te ayude? (you want, I help)

Page 15: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS, cont. 

MOST COMMON VERBS

decir mandar sugerir querer

permitir exigir pedir implorar

prohibir preferir aconsejar hacer

conseguir lograr impedir recomendar

consentir (en)

Page 16: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS, cont. 

EXAMPLES

Quiero que no tengas frío

It's irrelevant whether the person is cold or not.

The sentence expresses a wish, not reality.

 

Se permite que lleven chaquetas allí

The phrase expresses permission for an action to take place.

Page 17: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS, cont. 

Decide if the following require subjunctive or not, and then choose the correct answer

1. I want you to eat with me.

Quiero que comes conmigo.Quiero que comas conmigo.Quiero que comieras conmigo.Quiero que comís conmigo.

Page 18: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS, cont. 

2. I want her to work.

Quiero la trabajar.Quiero trabajarla.Quiero que la trabajaba.Quiero que trabaje.Quiero que la trabaje.Quiera la trabajar.Quiera la trabaja.Quiera que trabaja.

Page 19: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS, cont. 

3. I want to work.

Quiero trabajar.Quiera trabajar.Quiera que trabaje.Quiera trabaje.Quisiera trabaje.Quiero me trabaja.

Page 20: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2

Influence, emotion, judgement 

A) INFLUENCING OTHERS, cont. 

4. They want me to work.

Quieren me trabajar.Quieren me trabaje.Quieren que me trabaje.Quieren que trabaje.Quieran que trabaje.Quieran que me trabaje

Page 21: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

B) EMOTIONAL REACTIONS

AFTER VERBS / EXPRESSIONS OF JOY, SADNESS, ANGER, SORROW, FEAR, ETC..

 sentir

alegrarse (de que)

estar contento (de que)

estar sorprendido (de que)

temer que  

e.g. Nos alegra mucho que puedas estar aquí

Page 22: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

C) VALUE JUDGEMENTS

REACTIONS OF INDIGNATION, INCREDULITY, JUSTIFICATION, APPROVAL, DISAPPROVAL OR

CONCERN 

es lástima que

sería mejor que

es una verguenza que

es asqueroso que

es increíble que 

e.g. Es una verguenza que no podamos salir sin miedo

No me gustó que ocurriese así

Page 23: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #2 Influence, emotion, judgement PRACTICE

1.      I begged them to be quiet

2.      I want you all to listen to me

3.      He permitted us to go to Spain

4.      They wanted me to eat squid!

5.      Tell Josie not to watch TV

6.      I ask you to accept my offer

7.      I’d prefer you to come tomorrow

8.      I’d rather you came tomorrow

9.      She was afraid that he would follow her

10.We are sorry you are stressed

11. We hope you will return next year

12.I’m afraid he may leave me

13.I am surprised that you travel first class

14.How strange that they’re not here!

15.He is surprised that you are saying that

16.I am scared that it may upset him

17.It annoys me that you complain so much

18.It surprises me that he hasn’t written to us

19.It’s incredible that he has behaved like that!

It is disgusting that young people have to live like that

Page 24: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #3

DOUBT, DISBELIEF & POSSIBILITY

A) EXPRESSIONS OF DOUBT

dudar que to doubt whether

es dudoso que it’s doubtful whether

parece dudoso que it seems doubtful that

resulta dudoso que it turns out to be doubtful that

temer que to be afraid that

esperar que to hope that

e.g. Es dudoso que nos ayuden

Page 25: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #3

DOUBT, DISBELIEF & POSSIBILITY

A) EXPRESSIONS OF DOUBT

In the negative, these expressions take the indicative

e.g. No dudo que vais a aprobar

Page 26: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #3

DOUBT, DISBELIEF & POSSIBILITY

B) EXPRESSIONS OF UNCERTAINTY

Expressions of uncertainty in the NEGATIVE

+ subjunctive

e.g. No es cierto que sepan la verdad

Page 27: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #3

DOUBT, DISBELIEF & POSSIBILITY

C) EXPRESSIONS OF DISBELIEF

Verbs of knowing, saying, thinking in NEGATIVE

+ subjunctive

e.g. No creo que sea el caso

No puedo decir tenga razón

Questions with negative implications

e.g. ¿Tú crees que todo salga bien?

N.B. If you don’t know/can’t say/don’t think so = DOUBT

Page 28: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #3

DOUBT, DISBELIEF & POSSIBILITY

D) POSSIBILITY/PROBABILITY

imply doubt (not total certainty) = subjunctive

Es posible/probable que

Parece /Resulta /probable que

Hay/existe la posibilidad/probabilidad de que

Puede (ser) que

Page 29: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

Imploré que estuvieran callados

Quiero que me escuchéis todos

Permitió que fuéramos a España

Quieren que coma calamares

Di a Josie que no vea la tele

Ruego que aceptes mi oferta

Prefiero que vengas mañana

Preferiría que vinieras mañana

Temía que le siguiera

Sentimos que estés estresado/a

Page 30: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

Esperamos que vuelvas el año que viene

Temo que me deje

Me sorprende que viajes de primera clase

¡Qué raro que no estén aquí!

Le sorprende que digas eso

Temo que le moleste

Me molesta que te quejes tanto

Me extraña que no nos escriba

Es increíble que se haya comportado así

Es asqueroso que los jóvenes tienen que vivir de esa manera

Page 31: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

A)      FUTURITY

The subjunctive must be used after the following expressions when they refer to actions which have not yet taken place but which may (or may not) take place in the future:

Page 32: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

A) FUTURITY

 así que so

en cuanto as soon as

tan pronto como

no bien… no sooner…(than…)

hasta que until

después de que after

mientras as long as…., while….

una vez que once

cuando when

Page 33: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

e.g.

Hasta que se cambie la ley, no podremos hacer nada

Mientras no se cambie la ley, …..

N.B. Use the subjunctive when the action had not taken place at the time of reference

Page 34: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

e.g.

Todos estábamos de acuerdo de que no podríamos hacer nada hasta que se cambiara la ley

We were all agreed that we wouldn’t be able to do anything until the law was changed

 

**When these expressions are used to record a fact with no reference to the future, they are followed by the indicative

Page 35: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

B)      PURPOSE

Subjunctive used after phrases meaning ‘so that, in order that’, which indicate purpose

para que a que a fin de que con el objeto de que de modo que

 e.g. Doy muchos deberes para que aprobéis el examen

Page 36: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

 C)      EXPRESSIONS REQUIRING SUBJUNCTIVE 

antes de que before

con tal que provided that

a condición de que on condition that

a no ser que unless

a menos que unless

sin que without

aunque even though, even if

Page 37: Subjuntivitis. THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -AR VERBS  Take the first person of the verb  Remove –o and add endings e es e emos éis en

USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE #4

FUTURITY, PURPOSE & OTHER EXPRESSIONS

 C)      EXPRESSIONS REQUIRING SUBJUNCTIVE, cont. 

e.g.

Iré al parque a menos que llueva

 

**When ‘aunque’ means ‘although’, and simply reports a fact, it is followed by the indicative