ecesis - river partners is published quarterly by ... pepperweed, and yellow star-thistle) are ......

Ecesis is published quarterly bythe California Society forEcological Restoration, anonprofit corporation, as aservice to its members.Newsletter contributions of alltypes are welcome and may besubmitted to any of theregional directors (see p. 2).Articles should be sent as aword processing document;and accompanying imagessent as jpg or tif files.

ABOVE Native riparian habitatpatches with a denseunderstory like this will beconnected through habitatrestoration along theStanislaus River on the SanJoaquin NWR. (see page 5).

In this issue:Considerations inRiparian Restoration1... Designing RiparianRestoration for Wildlife in theCentral Valley5... Life on the Floodplain9... Ten Years at Beehive Bend

Plus…2... SERCAL Contacts10-11... Membership

Ecesisecesis \I-’se-sus, i-’ke-sus\ noun [from Greek oikesis meaning inhabitation]: the establishment of an animal or plant in a new habitat.

The Quarterly Newsletter of the California Society for Ecological RestorationSummer Solstice Volume 18, Issue 2

Considerations for DesigningRiparian Restoration for Wildlife

in California’s Central ValleyBy Dan Efseaff, Stacy Small and Nick Pacini

I. IntroductionCalifornia riparian areas host some of the highest animal biodiversity in the state. While the number ofplant species that line lowland rivers may be relatively few, the vegetative patterns are complex. Trees,shrubs, vines, and herbaceous plants combine to make a unique and extraordinary vegetative structurefound nowhere else. In addition, physical characteristics such as flood events, heterogeneous soils,abundant water, multi-level terraces and other factors produce a complex mosaic across the landscape,with dense forest abutting open grasslands. In short, many wildlife populations depend on healthyriparian corridors.

By the 1980s, only a small percentage of historic riparian forests remained in the Central Valley.Conversion of forest to agricultural lands, urban development, water diversions, dams, and otherhuman influences have all conspired to remove forests and degrade the remaining habitat (Katibah1984). Not surprisingly, the loss of forest has precipitated the decline in a host of riparian-dependentwildlife. A variety of creatures from Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to Yellow-billedCuckoo (Coccyzus americanus occidentalis) to the valley elderberry longhorn beetle (Desmocerus

continued next page

This field was once planted as row crops. Agricultural techniques have been employedon a large scale to restore it back to native riparian habitat. Here, native grasses arebeing drill-seeded in to establish an herbaceous understory. With good site conditionsand proper maintenance, horticultural success can be achieved in a short period of time.

2 Ecesis Summer 2008 Volume 18, Issue 2

SERCAL Board of DirectorsPRESIDENT Karen Verpeet H.T. Harvey & Associates

[email protected]

PRESIDENT-ELECT Pending

PAST PRESIDENT Mark Tucker Tucker & [email protected]

SECRETARY Paul Kielhold LSA Associates, [email protected]

TREASURER Bo Glover Environmental Nature [email protected]

Directors REGION 1 Mark Stemen California State University-Chico

[email protected] — NORTHERN INTERIOR (Lassen, Modoc,

Shasta, Siskiyou, Trinity)

REGION 2 Harry Oakes Jones & [email protected] — SACRAMENTO VALLEY (Butte, Colusa,

Glenn, Lake, Sacramento, Sutter, Tehama, Yolo, Yuba)

REGION 3 Regine Miller [email protected] — BAY AREA (Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco,

San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma)

REGION 4 Carl Jensen Wildlands, Inc. [email protected]— SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY (Amador, Calaveras, Fresno, Kern, Kings,

Mariposa, Madera, Merced, San Joaquin, Stanislaus, Tulare,

Tuolumne)

REGION 5 Mark Tucker Tucker & [email protected] — SOUTH COAST (Los Angeles,

Orange, San Diego, Ventura)

REGION 6 Matt James Coastal Restoration [email protected] — CENTRAL COAST (Monterey, San Benito, San Luis Obispo,

Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz)

REGION 7 Nick Pacini [email protected] — NORTH COAST

(Del Norte, Humboldt, Mendocino)

REGION 8 Michael Hogan Integrated Environmental RestorationServices, Inc. [email protected]— SIERRA (Alpine, El Dorado, Inyo, Mono, Nevada, Placer, Plumas,

Sierra)

REGION 9 Paul Kielhold LSA Associates, [email protected] — SOUTHERN INTERIOR

(Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino)

Guild ChairsCOASTAL HABITAT Vince Cicero California Department of Parks &

Recreation [email protected]

EDUCATION Karen Verpeet H.T. Harvey & [email protected]

UPLAND HABITAT Margot Griswold EARTHWORKS Restoration, [email protected]

WETLAND & RIPARIAN Max Busnardo H.T. Harvey & [email protected]

____________________ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECTOR Susan Clark [email protected]

2701 20th St., Bakersfield 93301 tel. 661.634.9228 fax 661.634.9540

NEWSLETTER EDITOR Julie St. John [email protected]

WEBMASTER Steve Newton-Reed [email protected]

californicus dimorphus), depend on riparian zones for food, shelter, and cover insometimes complex ways that are still being investigated.

In response to these imperiled wildlife populations, agencies and organizationsinitiated efforts to acquire and protect existing riparian habitat along theSacramento and San Joaquin Rivers. Yet looking across the fragmented slivers ofremaining habitat, conservationists recognized that stable wildlife populationswould require far more effort than the preservation of existing habitat. Theysoon realized that recovery of wildlife populations needed to be considered assuccess criteria for riparian restoration. In this article we will discuss ourexperience in the Central Valley with riparian habitat restoration along theSacramento and San Joaquin Rivers

Why do we need to actively restore these areas? On the Sacramento River, after the completion of Shasta Dam, the threat ofdamaging floods initially appeared to be greatly diminished, and floodplainswere cleared for agriculture. Soils along the Sacramento River and other majorrivers of California are some of the richest in the state. Abundant soil moisture,good drainage, and favorable weather make them extremely attractive tofarmers, and while these areas may be productive, they are always at risk offlooding. Flood events may have been somewhat tamed but many areas close tothe river still flood, with serious consequences for agriculture. Floods bring insand, sediment, and pathogens, and drown out crops. With changes in the farmeconomy and crop patterns, farming on these flood-prone parcels becameextremely costly and were often abandoned.

Initial efforts to protect riparian habitat focused on preserving the largest blocksof existing habitat available from willing sellers. Many of these sites includedformer agricultural fields, no longer economical to farm due to flooding. Theflooding and proximity to existing riparian habitat encouraged many resourcemanagers to initially believe that riparian plants would reclaim these fallowfields. In low-lying areas that experience frequent flooding this can be the case,but our experience with areas cleared for agriculture is that they are goodcandidate sites for active restoration. Areas that are close to the river and exposedfully to river processes may be synchronized with riparian plant life cycles andneed little intervention (except for occasional weed control). These former agfields are still exposed to the impressive forces of the river that shape plantcommunities, but a little distance or relative elevation is enough to mute theseforces. Furthermore, dams and diversions have altered river hydrographs,diminishing the ability of some native riparian plants to become established.Weed competition often precludes widespread native plant recruitment.Therefore, these fallow fields can remain without significant native riparianplants for decades.

Dams and floodplain barriers have altered the patterns of flood timing,frequency, duration, and magnitude that native plant species have evolved with,preventing succession on these fallow fields. For example, flood-dependentplants such as Fremont cottonwood require bare soil (typically either scoured ordeposited from a flood event), minimal competition, and slowly recedingfloodwaters so thirsty cottonwood roots can tap into deeper soil moisture beforethe onslaught of another hot, dry Central Valley summer arrives.

Because river hydrographs are now so altered from historic patterns to whichplant populations have adapted, native plant recruitment on fallow ag fields can

Considerations for Designing Riparian Restoration for Wildlife in California’s Central Valley continued

Volume 18, Issue 2 Summer 2008 Ecesis 3

be minimal, despite seemingly idealconditions like the cessation ofagricultural practices, frequent floodevents, and availability of nearby seedsources. As adverse hydrologic conditionspersist, non-native plants (such as blackmustard, Johnson grass, perennialpepperweed, and yellow star-thistle) arelikely to colonize and dominate fordecades. Over time, native plants (mainlycoyote brush, elderberry, and occasionallynative grasses) may recruit on site, buttheir recruitment rate is likely to remainslow. Perhaps worse, invasive woodyspecies such as tamarisk, arundo, and treeof heaven may also colonize the site. Athigh numbers, these species provideextremely poor wildlife habitat anddiminish floodwater conveyance.

Over the years, as resource managersstruggled with efforts to reduce theburden of maintenance on these fallowfield properties and provide high qualityhabitat, a new paradigm arose — the useof agricultural techniques to plant and establish native plants andset in motion a new successional trajectory that favored nativeriparian plants and provided wildlife habitat within a short periodof time.

How do we restore riparian habitats? Large scale (over 50 acres) riparian restoration was pioneered onthe Sacramento River in the early 1990s. This approach blendslocal agricultural practices with ecological theory in a cost-effective manner. Since then this model has also been applied tothe San Joaquin and other rivers.

With just a fraction of the original riparian forest left, large-scalerestoration has become a very attractive option to fill in the gapsbetween fragmented forests, increase the connectivity of wildlifehabitat corridors, provide breeding and foraging sites, andessentially provide a life support system for riparian wildlifepopulations until more sufficient areas are protected and rivermanagement is more in sync with riparian life cycles. In light ofhuman population encroachment, the areas set aside for habitatwill become increasingly important, and it is critical that therestoration on a site maximizes the investment.

The initial projects implemented with this approach served asdemonstration projects to test the feasibility of utilizingagricultural practices to establish native riparian plants. As thesetechniques have become increasingly sophisticated, the scale hasincreased to projects that exceed 800 acres at a time, and theapproach now includes more refined objectives for wildlife andother societal benefits, such as flood management and recreation.

Clearly the first priority is to develop planting designs that matchsite-specific conditions (soils, hydrology, existing vegetation, etc.),and reference sites are certainly useful in this process. However,an equally important concern is that restoration projects benefitwildlife. Therefore, restoration designs must consider historicnatural communities, but also take a pragmatic approach toconsider current conditions and habitat requirements of wildlifespecies the projects are intended to benefit.

Wildlife habitat restoration requires a deep understanding ofwildlife species’ life histories. Identifying appropriate wildlife“target” species and restoration sites requires an understanding ofthe species’ range (current and historic), annual cycle, habitatrequirements (sometimes at multiple spatial scales), competitorsand predators. Working with wildlife ecologists and consultingpublished natural history accounts, species recovery plans, andpeer-reviewed scientific literature is all part of the process ofdeveloping an effective habitat restoration plan.

In order to represent a wide cross-section of habitat needs, RiverPartners selects a suite of focal species (or “target” species) thatthe restoration project is intended to benefit over time. Althoughother species are likely to benefit as well, this approach allows usto design projects with specific habitat features in mind. Forexample, Least Bell’s Vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus) nests in shrubbyearly successional riparian habitat, often near water. The riparianbrush rabbit inhabits dense thickets of riparian shrubs onfloodplains. Juvenile Chinook salmon benefit from woody debrisand shaded habitat provided by trees and shrubs growing over thewater. Habitat requirements for multiple species can often be

On the US Army Corps of Engineers’ McHenry Recreation Area, along the Stanislaus River,River Partners designed and implemented a restoration project that formed a complexhabitat structure after only three growing seasons. This site was a fallow field of weedsfour years ago; it now hosts dense native vegetation used by breeding and winteringsongbirds including Song Sparrows, Common Yellowthroats, and Black-headed Grosbeaks.

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accommodated in an ecologicalrestoration plan that considers habitatstructure in addition to plant survival. Asnew research and monitoring informationaccumulates, we strive to perfect thesedesigns and incorporate new features thatlend themselves to becoming testablehypotheses. Our success criteria haveshifted from a primary emphasis on plantsurvival to include wildlife use. Forexample, a nesting pair of Least Bell’sVireos successfully fledged young usingone of our restoration projects at the SanJoaquin National Wildlife Refuge. Thisevent signified the return of this once-common species to the Central Valley,after a long 60 years’ absence. Althoughthey certainly may be related, thedetection of this species nesting on a restoration site may be abetter indicator of success than high overall plant survivorship.

Our designs typically contain far more plant species diversity thanthe surrounding agricultural landscape, and we spendconsiderable effort to determine the structural components of theplanting. For example, to benefit Least Bell’s Vireo that nest in lowgrowing shrub cover, we may group roses and blackberriestogether in an area planted with mugwort. To benefit Yellow-billedCuckoos, we may create a large stand of cottonwoods with lightgaps and a heavy shrub component.

River Partners often uses a “two forest” design. That is we plan formultiple successional trajectories to create quality habitat overlong periods of time. Fast growing, early successional species suchas cottonwood and willows are planted to provide rapid vegetativestructure and habitat (5-20 years). Included in the design areslower growing species such as valley oak. Over the long term, theslower growing oaks will grow through the canopy and becomethe dominant species (>25 years). In the meantime, multiplegenerations of birds can benefit from this structural development(please see the article on Beehive Bend, page 9). With thisapproach, a transient successional series may dominate untilanother plant community matures.

In other cases, we may create designs in which a riparian shrubcommunity dominates a site over time for the benefit of shrub-dependent species, such as the riparian brush rabbit (see “Life onthe Floodplain” article, next page). Wildlife monitoring and

adaptive feedback from land managers and wildlife specialists hasled to restoration designs that focus less on tall trees alone andmore on under- and mid-story species. Native grasses and forbsadd to the food base and cover and effectively out-competeweeds. For example, dense cover of mugwort can make a sitemore resistant to weed invasions and provide important habitatfor birds, such as the Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia),Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) or Lazuli Bunting(Passerina amoena).

ConclusionsSince its genesis over 15 years ago, the goals of riparianrestoration in California’s Central Valley have shifted from simplehorticultural success and plant survival to include wildlifebenefits, as well. Although this pragmatic approach ofmaximizing habitat features for a suite of targeted wildlife speciesmay not exactly replicate the original habitat found on aparticular site, success is measured by whether wildlifepopulations thrive on the restoration site and whether therestoration efforts will have a lasting legacy to preserve imperiledwildlife.

Katibah, E. F. 1984. A brief history of riparian forests in the central valleyof California. Pages 23-36 in R. E. Warner and K. M. Hendrix, editors.California Riparian Systems. University of California Press, Berkeley.

�

The true measure of success of wildlife-targeted restoration is not only plant survival, butwildlife use as well. These Least Bell’s Vireo chicks hatched on a restoration site on the SanJoaquin River National Wildlife Refuge. This species had been absent for sixty years fromthe Central Valley prior to this nesting event.

Considerations for DesigningRiparian Restoration forWildlife in California’sCentral Valley continued


The world of the riparian brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmaniriparius) is a tangled mess, depending on whose eyes you see itthrough. This species inhabits thickets of California rose (Rosacalifornica), California blackberry (Rubinus ursinus), and sandbarwillow (Salix exigua) that are typical of historic streamsidevegetation of the Central Valley but are now so rare throughoutthis species’ historic range. Like other brush rabbit sub-speciesdistributed throughout shrubby plant communities of California,such as chaparral and coastal scrub, the riparian brush rabbitprefers low, woody shrub cover and creates a maze of tunnels fortravel through river bottom vegetation. It lives out its entire lifecycle without venturing far out into the open, and its compactbody is adapted to maneuver with great agility through denseriparian thickets and, in this way, dodge coming prey.

However, the dense riparian cover favored by riparian brushrabbits was just the “brush” least favored by landowners and leveemanagers over the past century and was therefore targeted forclearing throughout the San Joaquin Valley. Now one of the mostendangered mammals in California, this creature is hardly everseen in the wild, both because of its shy, skittish nature and itsrarity.

Life on the floodplain has another set of hazards for a shrub-dwelling rabbit with limited swimming abilities. Frequent

flooding requires the riparian brush rabbit to seek high ground,preferably a place with vegetative cover where it can wait out aflood event without starving or being preyed upon by hawkscircling above. Such vegetated high ground is in short supply inthis rabbit’s historic San Joaquin Valley range. The naturaltopography of riparian floodplains has been subject to leveling inthe process of agricultural conversion, which compounds theeffects of land clearing for this species.

To counteract historic land use impacts on this and otherriparian-associated species, River Partners has been collaboratingwith the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) and theEndangered Species Recovery Program (ESRP) at CSU Stanislausto design and implement habitat restoration projects for thebenefit of reintroduced riparian brush rabbit populations on theSan Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge. The primaryrecovery goal for the riparian brush rabbit is to establish threenew self-sustaining sub-populations that can survival stochasticevents. To attain this goal, extensive habitat restoration, inconjunction with ESRP’s captive breeding and reintroductionprogram, is required.

Following recommendations from ESRP and USFWS, we havetaken a three-part approach to this restoration: 1) planting

Life on the Floodplain: Habitat Restoration for the riparian brush rabbit and other riparian-associated wildlife in the northern San Joaquin ValleyStacy L. Small, River Partners

A radio-collared riparian brush rabbit is ready to be released into the wild on the SanJoaquin River National Wildlife Refuge by the Endangered Species Recovery Program.

continued next page


shrubby riparian habitat near rabbitreintroduction areas; 2) re-vegetatingnatural high ground and Refuge leveesas flood escape corridors; and 3)constructing new high-ground floodrefugia on Refuge floodplains to restoretopography to formerly leveled fields. Inthe process, we seek to provide multi-species benefits through our plantingand flood refugia designs.

To date, we have planted over 1,000acres of riparian habitat on the SanJoaquin River National Wildlife Refuge(10 miles west of Modesto) andvegetated 20,000 linear feet of leveeswith native shrubs, with financialsupport from USFWS, CaliforniaDepartment of Water Resources,CalFed, Bureau of Reclamation, WildlifeConservation Board, and the ResourcesAgency. Lately, we have focused onrestoring natural high ground andconstructing earthen mounds and berms that are planted withnative shrub cover for flood refugia sites. Our plantingcomposition for the brush rabbit is high in shrub species,including California rose, California blackberry, coyote brush(Baccharis pilularis) and sandbar willow, with some blueelderberry (Sambucus mexicana) and valley oaks (Quercus lobata)included.

Wildlife species that typically co-occur in riparian brush rabbithabitat include Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus), Song Sparrow

(Melospiza melodia) and several species of wintering sparrows,Wrentit (Chamaea fasciata), California Quail (Callipeplacalifornica), and the endangered San Joaquin “riparian” woodrat(Neotoma fuscipes riparia). Wrentits, Spotted Towhees and SongSparrows nest in dense shrub cover. Riparian woodrats inhabitareas with willows beneath valley oaks. We also expectNeotropical migrant songbirds, such as Yellow Warblers(Dendroica petechia) and Black-headed Grosbeaks (Pheucticusmelanocephalus), to nest and forage in the willow patchesincorporated into our most recent designs. Mexican elderberry

provides an important food source for foraging birds and isthe host plant for the endangered valley elderberrylonghorn beetle (Desmocerus californicus dimorphus).

We anticipate benefits for salmonid populations, as well.Creating high-ground flood refugia for terrestrial wildlifewill enable the Refuge to eventually be restored tofunctional floodplain habitat for juvenile salmonid rearing.Also, by planting riparian vegetation near eroding riverbanks, we will slow erosion, strengthen river banks, andprovide shade, shelter, and a food supply for aquaticorganisms.

The riparian brush rabbit’s life history is intricately linkedto floodplains, riparian habitat, and river processes, and itsrecovery will depend upon the restoration of vigorous,native riparian corridors. Effective restoration for thisspecies is likely to result in a thriving, diverse riparianwildlife community for the northern San Joaquin Valley.

�

Life on the Floodplaincontinued

A “rabbit’s-eye” view of riparian shrub habitat. Recent restoration designs have been basedon reference habitat like this on the San Joaquin River NWR.

Many thanks to our 2007 Conference Sponsors…


Many thanks to our 2007 Conference Premier Sponsor…



In 1991, the California Department of Fish & Game (DFG)acquired a 269-acre parcel in rural Glenn County. The site wasnamed the Beehive Bend Unit after the name of a sweeping curvealong the Sacramento River. A new channel was blasted in theearly 1900s to shorten the distance river boats needed to take,leaving the remnant channel as an oxbow lake. Lining the oldchannel was classic Sacramento River riparian forest — atowering canopy of valley oak, Fremont cottonwood, Gooding’swillow and western sycamore, all draped in a veil of wild grape.Oregon ash and box elder, festooned with Dutchman’s pipevineand poison oak, dominated the mid-story. The understory, likemost places on the river, was a mix of native and non-nativespecies.

However, in the midst of this lush habitat was approximately 60acres that had been farmed for at least 40 years. When farmingceased, this area lay fallow for a decade and vegetation quicklycolonized the rich soils, though few of the plants were native.Instead, a tangle of yellow star thistle, Johnson grass, and blackmustard dominated the site, providing poor habitat and littleopportunity for forest regeneration.

In 1999, DFG contracted with River Partners to restore theBeehive Bend Unit. This project came during a critical period inthe evolution of restoration design, and was one of the first toincorporate a sophisticated plant design based on a mosaic ofvegetative structure designed specifically to maximize the nichesexploitable by native birds. To help evaluate the restoration, RiverPartners worked with PRBO Conservation Science to monitorbreeding songbirds in both the remnant riparian and restorationarea, and the project design was developed in part with PRBOrecommendations. What began as a three-year study has nowextended into ten years of monitoring through subsequentfunding efforts. Longer term views are critical to understandingthe efficacy of restoration, as Dr. Nat Seavy of PRBO points out,because “some species do not use restored sites until about 10years after restoration. Monitoring beyond the typical three-year

period is critical for understanding whether or not restoration hasbeen successful in creating bird habitat.”

Riparian habitats are dynamic, yet predictable patterns occur andwildlife responds accordingly. Early-successional habitat includessuch pioneering plant species as willows and blackberry thatcolonize new sandbars after flood events, and this vegetativestructure is mimicked by young restoration. Some of the firstavian species to respond to this habitat include Black-headedGrosbeak, Lesser Goldfinch and Spotted Sandpiper. Becauseearly-successional habitat is in short supply, these birds flock torestoration sites, and have been documented abandoning longheld territories in old riparian in favor of restorations as young astwo years old.

Dams, diversions, and levees have greatly altered floods andseasonal flows, and as a result, early-successional habitat is nowrarely created by the Sacramento River. Most of the remnanthabitat along the river is comparable to the existing riparian atBeehive Bend, or is in agricultural production. While this canprovide important habitat for some birds, many sensitive birdspecies need a different type of forest, the lush quick growth ofshrubby willows, California blackberry and other rapidly growingnative plants. In the absence of more dynamic rivers, restorationplantings provide important habitat. The trick is how to bestmanage these areas for them long term, and this question canonly be answered with long-term monitoring on existing projectsso that we can accurately evaluate their impacts.

So how has Beehive Bend performed over its first decade? Trendsfrom the 1999-2007 point-count data suggest some interestingresults. In the existing riparian forest, avian species richness hasaveraged 9.8 (species per point, over two visits per breedingseason) for the duration of the study, while richness within therestoration hovered around 3.5 over the first four years, and thenjumped to 7.5 in year five and 8.3 in year six. After a one-yearbreak due to lack of funding, the study resumed in 2006 (currentfunding will take us through the 2008 field season) and PRBOfound that the restored forest now harbored a bird communitythat was nearly as species rich as the existing riparian (richness =9.0 in the restoration, 9.22 in the existing riparian over the nexttwo years).

Looking at Beehive in the context of a larger study, twenty birdspecies were examined over a similar time period across ahundred-mile segment of the lower Sacramento River and twelvewere found to be increasing, while only one was decreasing. Whilethis is great news in an era when so many studies aredocumenting negative trends, we must continue to work closelywith our partners to further refine and improve our restorationdesigns, working toward a common goal of ensuring the longterm vitality of California’s wildlife.

�

Ten Years at Beehive BendMichael Rogner and Dan Efseaff, River Partners


Integrated Environmental Restoration Services, Inc. Tahoe CityCoastal Restoration Consultants, Inc. Santa BarbaraKamman Hydrology & Engineering San RafaelDudek Engineering & Environment EncinitasNative Grow Nursery San Juan CapistranoE. Read and Associates, Inc. OrangePalos Verdes Peninsula Land ConservancyRECON Environmental, Inc. San DiegoTree of Life Nursery Mike Evans San Juan CapistranoTree of Life Nursery Jeff Bohn San Juan CapistranoTree of Life Nursery Laura Camp San Juan CapistranoEcological Concerns, Inc. Santa CruzHedgerow Farms WintersGrover Landscape Services ModestoStover Seed Company Los AngelesPacific Coast Seed Livermore

Contributing � Business $250Sustaining �Individual $100

Bo Glover Environmental Nature CenterNewport Beach

Jon Shilling Shilling Seed Auburn

Business $500Pacific Restoration Group, Inc. CoronaEcoSystems Restoration Associates SanDiego/Lincoln

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