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Earthing and lightningprotection

Edition 1 2010

Contents

About us 2

Building industry – system solutions 4

Power industry – system solutions 6

Telecommunications – system solutions 8

Revolution in the earthing system 10

Galmar earthing system 11

Galmar vertical rods 11

Earth plates 13

Clamps 13

Additional accessories 15

Galmar Resistivity 18

Conductors 19

Galmar lightning protection 22

Air terminals 22

Equipotential installation fittings 26

Additional elements 27

Galconnect system 28

Galmarweld system 31

Lightning protection – theory 37

Galmar products quality 41

Index 47

Rev. 2011.04.04

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:20042

Galmar head office and laboratories

About us

Copper tape automatic production line

The company Galmar was founded in 1969 by Janusz and Krystyna Marciniak in Poznan, Poland and till date is a family run business. With manifesto of ‘Quality & Customer satisfaction’ now over a span of few tens of years, company has establi-shed its credentials outside Poland as well, in most of the world markets, in coun-tries such as: Algeria, Australia, Bela-rus, Belgium, China, Czech Republic,Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, nland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Holland, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Malaysia, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia,Sudan, Sweden, Thailand, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates and United States.

The Company’s main product are Copper Bonded Earth Rods. To cope up with the existing product acceptance vastly, present production capacity is raised to 100 000 earth rods per month. Nevertheless to men-tion the production is strictly of 250 microns copper coating and according to relevant International, European, British Standards. Also, the product is accredited with UL and KEMA certification and supplied to custo-mers according to their specific requirement of Inspection Certificates from independent laboratories such as Bureau Verities, SGS or Lloyds etc.

Further to support the customers with wider range of earthing/lightning protec-tion products, the company has diver-sified to produce copper tapes, copper--bonded steel rods, copper-bonded steel tapes and wires, clamps and accessories for lightning and overvoltage protection. Currently the total production space is 30 000 square meters.

Production plant of total area 30 000 m2

Automatic line for copper-plating steel rods to get copper layer thickness of 0.250 mm

Line for copper-plating steel conductorsto get copper layer thickness of 0.070 mm

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 3

Simulation of lightning strike into GSM tower at Galmar high voltage laboratory

About us

Consultants of Galmar company: prof. Zdobyslaw Flisowski – in the center, dr Marek Loboda – right, Managing Director of Galmar Poland Mr. Robert Marciniak – left

All the products introduced in the mar-ket are backed up with incessant work and successful results from our Research & Development Division, which carries High Voltage Laboratory for lightning discharge simulation, and laboratory for analysis of ear-thing systems, efficiency and examination of corrosion resistance of various metals.

To support the development of the pro-ducts, the company has cooperation and guidance from renowned World Level Scien-tist in the field of lightning and overvoltage protection – Professor Zdobyslaw Flisowski of University of Warsaw, Poland.

To keep up with our commitment of effective interaction and technical support, company has recently opened the office specifically for Middle East Asia in Dubai, in ‘2006. The aim to establish this office is not only to have closer interaction with customers in this region and cater to urgent needs of customers from stocks maintained in Jebel Ali Free Zone, Dubai, UAE but will also provide technical support for design of earthing/lightning and overvoltage pro-tection.

Polish designing team providing support to the customers

Managing Director of Galmar Poland Mr. Robert Marciniak – right, electrical engineers – left

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:20044

Building industry – system solutions

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 5

Building industry – system solutions

Galmar conductors

Galmar lightning protection

Galmar earth rods

Galmar earthing system

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:20046

Power industry – system solutions

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 7

Power industry – system solutions

Galmar Resistivity

Galmarweld system

Galconnect system

Galmar earth rods


Galmar conductors

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:20048

Telecommunications – system solutions

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 9

Telecommunications – system solutions

Galmar Resistivity

Galmarweld system

Galconnect system

Galmar earth rods


ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004

Galmar conductors

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200410

Revolution in the earthing system

We encourage you to get familiar with our new Galmar product – innovative and unique, thereby pro-viding an effective and efficient solution. Copper-bonded steel tape, with a thickness of copper layer 0.070 mm, in combination with copper-bonded steel earth rods of copper thickness 0.250 mm – a reliable, complete solution for earthing system and an economical substitution for copper con-ductors, thereby meeting the same requirements for corrosion resistance and that too at a much better price.

Standard productCopper-bonded steel earth rodwith 0.250 mm (min.) copper thickness

Importance of copper coating:Why copper thickness of 0.250 mm for copper-bonded steel earth rod?In case of copper-bonded steel earth rods, copper coating of minimum 0.250 mm is very essential because the rods are driven vertically inside the ground and thereby experiencing high mechanical stress from its surrounding materials like stones and pebbles, which can result into loss of copper coating of about 0.150 mm. Thus, even after installation, the copper-bonded rods will have a copper coating of 0.100 mm, which is technically sufficient for protection against corrosion. That’s the reason why is very much essential for copper-bonded earth rods to have minimum copper thickness of 0.250 mm.

Why copper thickness of 0.070 mm for copper-bonded steel tape?In case of copper-bonded steel tape, copper coating of 0.070 mm is technically well-justified and effi-cient because generally, from earthing point of view, the tape is installed horizontally in the trenches and thereby experiencing less mechanical stress (as compared to vertically driven copper-bonded rods) from its surrounding materials like stones, pebbles, etc. Thus, owing to the same reason, copper thickness of 0.070 mm is sufficient enough for copper-bonded tape to resist corrosion effectively and thereby providing longer performance period.

New productCopper-bonded steel tapewith a thickness of copper layer 0.070 mm (min.)

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 11

Driving head dimensions

steel1/2

5/8

3/4

G108 01

G108 02

G108 03

0.05

0.08

0.12

Diameter of rod

inch

Material Weight

kg

Cat. no.

Threaded coupling dimensions (hexagonal shape)

Diameter of rod

inch

Material

bronze1/2

5/8

3/4

G104 11

G104 12

G104 13

Cat. no.

0.09

0.08

0.13

Weight

kg


Galmar vertical rods

Galmar vertical copper-bonded earth rods, threadedThey are made of molecularly bonded 99.9% pure electrolytic copper onto a low carbon steel

core. The steel core is a bar drawn to the required diameter. Galmar rods are highly resistant to corrosion, and because the steel used has a high tensile strength 600 N/mm2, they can be driven by vibrohammers to great depths. The copper jacket is 0.250 mm thick at all points and it ensures a life expectancy of greater than 30 years.

The threads at the tips of a rod are rolled after copper bonding process, and both steel and copper are rolled into the thread, making it exceptionally strong.

Connection of the rods using threaded coupling comply with the requirements of EN 50164-2 „Lightning protection components (LPC). Requirements for conductors and earth electrodes”.

Threaded earth rod dimensions

Type

of thread

inch

Diameter

of rod

mm

Length

of thread

mm

Rod length* Cat. no.Material

steel

copper-bonded

to thickness

of 0.250 mm

1/2

5/8

3/4

12.8

14.2

17.2

30

30

34

4

5

6

8

10

4

5

6

8

10

4

5

6

8

10

1.2

1.5

1.8

2.4

3

1.2

1.5

1.8

2.4

3

1.2

1.5

1.8

2.4

3

G100 01

G100 02

G100 03

G100 04

G100 05

G100 11

G100 12

G100 13

G100 14

G100 15

G100 21

G100 22

G100 23

G100 24

G100 25

1.20

1.50

1.80

2.40

3.00

1.50

1.80

2.30

3.12

3.80

2.20

2.75

3.40

4.35

5.44

feet m

Weight

kg

* for special orders we supply different rod lengths up to 3 m

Tip

Driving head

Coupling

Rod

Coupling

Rod

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200412


Vertical stainless steel and solid copper earth rodsDue to high resistance to corrosion, both stainless steel and solid copper earth rods

are used in applications where soil is aggressive, pH value is below 3 or above 8. In such conditions, applications of these types of rods guarantee constant resistance for many years.

Connection of the rods using coupling dowel comply with the requirements of EN 50164-2 „Lightning protection components (LPC). Requirements for conductors and earth electrodes”. This type of rods is intended to be driven at the depth of 4.5 metres maximum.

Stainless steel earth rod dimensions

Accessories for vertical stainless steel earth rods

driving stud

coupling dowel

spike

G108 51

G104 51

G106 51

Accessories Cat. no.Material

0.02stainless steel

Weight

kg

Solid copper earth rod dimensions

Material

copper15

20

G101 02

G101 03

Cat. no.

1.2

1.2

1.88

3.35

Weight

kg

Length

m

Diameter

mm

Material

stainless steel14 G100 51

Cat. no.

1.5 1.70

Weight

kg

Length

m

Diameter

mm

Driving stud

Spike

Rod

Couplingdowel

Rod

5/8; 3/4

1/2

1/2

G109 01

G109 07

G109 08

Cat. no.Kind of driving head

1.35

1.70

1.35

with a hole

without a hole

with a hole

Weight

kg

Tup for driving head

inch

Tup for Galmar threaded copper-bonded earth rodTup is to carry percussive hammer oscillations on driving head for Galmar threaded copper-bonded earth rod (for hammers with SDS-Max fitting only)

Pointed hardened steel tip dimensions

steel1/2

5/8

3/4

G106 01

G106 02

G106 03

0.04

0.04

0.05

Diameter of rod

inch

Material Cat. no.Weight

kg

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 13

Accessories for vertical solid copper earth rods

driving stud for rod dia. 14-16 mm

driving stud for rod dia. 20 mm

coupling dowel for rod dia. 14-16 mm

coupling dowel for rod dia. 20 mm

spike for rod dia. 14-16 mm

spike for rod dia. 20 mm

G108 98

G108 97

G104 98

G104 97

G106 98

G106 97

Accessories Cat. no.Material

0.02

0.05

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.04

stainless steel

Weight

kg


Earth plates

Earth plate – solid copper

600 x 600 x 1.5

900 x 900 x 1.5

600 x 600 x 3

900 x 900 x 3

G110 44

G110 45

G110 46

G110 47

Cat. no.Material

5.00

11.20

10.00

22.00

copper

Weight

kg

Size

mm

Earth plate – lattice copper

600 x 600 x 3

900 x 900 x 3

G110 48

G110 49

Cat. no.Material

4.00

7.20

copper

Weight

kg

Size

mm

Clamps

Rod to conductor clampsRod to cable clamp – suitable for use with circular copper conductor

Note: Clamps buried underground should be protected with Denso tape (see page 16).

Dimensions Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu3/8

1/2

5/8; 3/4

G103 13

G103 17

G103 18

Cat. no.

9.6

12.8

14.2; 17.2

0.03

0.05

0.06

rod St/Cu

inch

6-35

16-50

16-95

wire/cable

mm2

Weight

kg

mm

Material

bronze,

copper bolt

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200414


Note: Clamps buried underground should be protected with Denso tape (see page 16).

„U” bolt rod clamps„U” bolt rod clamp enables to connect earth rod to copper or copper-bonded steel tape. „U” bolt threaded M10

Dimensions Material

bronze,

copper bolt

1/2

3/4

5/8

G103 81

G103 82

G103 83

Cat. no.

12.8

17.2

14.2

0.20

0.20

0.26

rod St/Cu

–

–

to 25 mm

tape width

parallel

to rod

tape width

squarely

to rod

mm

25-40

25-40

25-40

Weight

kg

inch mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu

or Cu

„U” bolt rod to cable clamp enables to connect earth rod to cable


material

St/Cu

or Cu

5/8

3/4

5/8

3/4

G103 84

G103 85

G103 86

G103 87

Cat. no.

14.2

17.2

14.2

17.2

0.39

rod St/Cu

16-95

16-70

70-185

70-150

cable

mm2

Weight

kg

inch mm

Material

bronze,

copper bolt

cat. no. G103 81cat. no. G103 82

cat. no. G103 83

Rod to tape clamp – suitable for use with copper tape or copper-bonded steel tape


material

St/Cu or Cu1/2

5/8

3/4

1/2

1/2

5/8

5/8

5/8

5/8

3/4

3/4

G103 14

G103 06

G103 07

G103 15

G103 08

G103 09

G103 10

G103 19

G103 16

G103 21

G103 22

Cat. no.

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

0.15

0.15

0.23

0.15

0.15

0.23

0.24

0.30

0.15

0.15

0.23

rod St/Cu

26 x 8

26 x 12

26 x 20

26 x 8

26 x 12

26 x 18

40 x 12

51 x 8

26 x 10

26 x 12

26 x 18

tape

mm

Weight

kg

mminch

Material

bronze,

copper bolt

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 15


Additional accessories

330 x 330 x 150 x 75

258 x 258 x 215 x 160

258 x 258 x 215 x 160

260 x 215 x 210 x 110

G114 01

G114 02

G114 02A

G114 04

Cat. no.Material

25.00

2.10

11.50

2.60

concrete

plastic pit with

hardened cover

Weight

kg

Dimensions

length x width x height x depth

mm

cat. no. G113 01

Lubricating medium for couplings of threaded earthing rodsIt is used for additional protection of contacts inside coupling. When connecting rods with

coupling, we recommend to pour little paste into coupling. It can also be used as lubricating medium for driving stud making easy to screw it out.

cat. no. G114 07

cat. no. G114 08

cat. no. G107 04

Report of earth resistance measurementsAllows to record all essential information on earthing resistance measurements and its

configuration. This information can be useful during next inspection of earthing system.

Waterproof markerSuitable for filling out the earthing resistance measurements report.

Isolating coilIsolating coil is positioned between two different earth electrodes to eliminate influence

of fault and high frequency currents.

cat. no. G114 01

cat. no. G114 02

cat. no. G114 04

cat. no. G114 02A

Galmar inspection pits Enable to control rod – earthing conductor connections with no problems as well as to make time earth resistance measurements.Pit G114 04 can be mounted in different kind of hardened surfaces (recommended for areas with setts because of specially designed reinforced flange). Pit G114 02 can be mounted only in surfaces hardened with concrete or asphalt

Inspection pit earth bar for plastic pits G114 02 and G114 04Pits number: G114 02 and G114 04 can be equipped with equipotential earth bar enables connection of five bus bars (tapes) of max. size 30 x 4 mm. Earth bar fit into the slots provided in the inspection pit. cat. no. G114 06

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200416


Insulating tape for wrapping underground joints – Denso typeDenso tape protects underground connections from soil and electrochemical corrosion

30

50

G103 55

G103 56

Cat. no.Length

m

0.58

0.93

10

10

Weight

kg

Width

mm

Protective shieldThermoshrinkable shield protects from access of damp to connection.

Protective sleeveWhen galvanized tape is connected to copper or to copper plated element buried underground,

this sleeve is to protect galvanized tape from electrochemical corrosion.

cat. no. G112 01

Hammer for earth rod drivingElectric percussive hammer – GSH 11 E BOSCH with SDS-Max fastening for driving rods

into ground. It is lightweight and enables driving down to great depths. Longer earth rods (more than 1.8 m) can be driven from ladder, and shorter just from ground.

cat. no. G103 58

cat. no. G103 54

cat. no. GN00 02

cat. no. G107 03

Earth electrodesEarth electrodes for earthing resistance and soil resistivity measuring devices. Electrodes

are made of galvanized steel. Dimensions: length 600 mm, diameter 16 mm.

Acid-base indicator/soil pHA set for measuring soil pH allows to check the soil reaction which helps to choose the

proper material for particular (given) conditions.

Copper thickness gaugeGauge to measure thickness of the metal coating without destroying the coat. Thickness

range: 0-1999 μm.

cat. no. G106 12

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 17


cat. no. G106 11

Plate – earthingSignal plate, determinate plate installed earth electrode. Plate made of sheet aluminum,

powder painting. Dimensions 150 x 150 mm.

cat. no. GA00 10

Earthing resistance and soil resistivity testersMegger earthing resistance testers produced by AVO are excellent. Characterized by top

technical parameters, Megger is very well adjusted to difficult real field conditions. Fully automation causes that incorrect reading is not possible. The instrument checks the conditions that may cause an improper reading during a test.

Megger DET4TCR2– 2, 3 and 4 point testing at the turn of a switch,– attached Rod Technique (ART) enabled,– stakeless measurements enabled,– user selectable test frequency,– simple one button operation,– automatic circuit checking,– rechargeable,– user selectable output voltage,– backlit display,– weather and dust proof to IP54.

Megger DET3TD– 2 and 3 point testing,– selectable 25 V or 50 V output,– complete with lead and stake kit,– simple one button operation,– hardwearing carry case,– delivered with calibration certificate,– IP54 rated. cat. no. GA00 03

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200418

Galmar Resistivity

a) cat. no. G107 01b) cat. no. G107 02

Galmar ResistivityGalmar Resistivity is fine powder which increases surface area of earth electrode thus

reducing resistance to earth.Galmar Resistivity is packed in the boxes of 25 kg:

a) mixed with cement,b) without cement – needs to be mixed with Portland cement before using in following proportion: Galmar Resistivity : cement 3 : 1

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 19

Conductors

Green & yellow PVC insulated copper tapeHigh conductivity copper tape to EN 13601. UV stabilized PVC

25 x 3 G110 23

Cat. no.

0.79

Weight*

kg/m

X x Y

mm

PVC insulated copper

Material

Copper tapeHigh conductivity copper tape to EN 13601. Sale unit is kilogram

25 x 3

25 x 3

25 x 4

25 x 4

25 x 6

50 x 3

50 x 6

G110 03(25M)

G110 03(50M)

G110 11(20M)

G110 11(50M)

G110 12(40M)

G110 20(40M)

G110 22(20M)

Cat. no.

25

50

20

50

40

40

20

Standard coil size

m

X x Y

mm

0.67

0.67

0.90

0.90

1.33

1.33

2.68

Weight*

kg/m

copper

Material

12.5 x 1.5

25 x 3

25 x 6

G110 24

G110 25

G110 26

Cat. no.

0.17

0.67

1.33

Weight*

kg/m

X x Y

mm

Material

tinned copper

Tinned copper tapeHigh conductivity copper tape to EN 13601, electrolytically tinned

15 x 1.4

25 x 3.5

G110 27

G110 28

Cat. no.

0.09

0.34

Weight*

kg/m

X x Y

mm

Material

copper

Flexible copper braidHigh conductivity copper wire. Suitable for earth bonding

X x Y

mm

Cat. no.

20 x 3

25 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

60

40

30

30

0.50

0.62

0.82

0.98

G110 72(60M)

G110 73(40M)

G110 74(30M)

G110 75(30M)

Material Weight*

kg/m

Standard coil size

m

steel copper-bonded

to thickness of 0.070 mm

Copper-bonded steel tapeSteel tape is molecularly bonded in electrolytic process with copper of thickness 0.070 mm. Copper coating protects against corrosion throughout the tens of years. Sale unit is kilogram

* the tolerance of weight ±5%





ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200420

Green & yellow PVC covered stranded copper conductorSoft drawn stranded copper conductor. UV stabilized PVC

16

25

35

50

70

95

120

150

185

240

300

400

G111 16

G111 17

G111 18

G111 19

G111 20

G111 21

G111 22

G111 23

G111 24

G111 25

G111 26

G111 27

Cat. no.Stranding

quantity/mm

0.19

0.29

0.41

0.53

0.73

1.00

1.16

1.54

2.01

2.49

3.05

3.90

7/1.70

7/2.14

7/2.52

19/1.78

19/2.14

19/2.52

37/2.03

37/2.25

37/2.52

61/2.25

61/2.52

61/2.85

Weight

kg/m

Size

mm2

Material


Conductors

Stranded copper conductorSoft drawn stranded copper conductor

6

16

25

35

50

70

95

120

150

185

G111 06

G111 07

G111 08

G111 09

G111 10

G111 11

G111 12

G111 13

G111 14

G111 15

Cat. no.Stranding

quantity/mm

0.05

0.15

0.23

0.32

0.43

0.62

0.86

1.09

1.33

1.67

7/1.04

7/1.70

7/2.14

7/2.52

19/1.78

19/2.14

19/2.52

37/2.03

37/2.25

37/2.52

Weight

kg/m

Size

mm2

Material

copper

Copper wireHigh conductivity copper wire. Sale unit is kilogram

∅ 6

∅ 8

G111 02

G111 03

Cat. no.

0.25

0.45

Weight*

kg/m

Diameter

mm

Material

copper


ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 21

PVC covered solid circular conductorHigh conductivity copper conductor. UV stabilized PVC

Conductor Colour

range

copper

aluminium

G111 35

G111 36

G111 37

G111 38

G111 39

G111 40

G111 41

G111 42

G111 43

G111 44

Cat. no.

8

8

0.49

0.18

Weight

kg/m

Diameter

mm

Material


PVC insulated aluminium

black

grey

stone

white

brown

black

grey

stone

white

brown

Hard drawn copper bar Hard drawn high conductivity copper bar supply in 3 meters length

25 x 3

25 x 6

38 x 6

50 x 6

50 x 10

75 x 6

50 x 6

G110 50

G110 51

G110 52

G110 53

G110 54

G110 55

G110 56

Cat. no.Type

2.10

4.10

6.40

8.10

13.40

12.40

8.20

bare hard

drawn bar

tinned hard

drawn bar

Weight

kg

X x Y

mm

Material

copper

Anti-vandal down conductor guardHot-dip galvanized steel guard to protect down conductor against destruction

3 G119 08

Cat. no.

2.90

Weight

kg

Length

m

Material

hot-dip galvanized steel

Conductors

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200422


Air terminals

Multiple pointMultiple point – can be used at top of taper pointed air rod of dia. 16 mm

16 G115 22

Cat. no.Material

0.27copper

Weight

kg

Rod diameter

mm

Taper pointed air rodTaper pointed air rods – made of solid copper. Rods of dia. 16 mm can be installed with multiple point

Rod length

m

Material

copper0.5

1

0.5

1

2

G115 28

G115 29

G115 19

G115 20

G115 21

Cat. no.

10

10

16

16

16

0.37

0.72

0.73

1.51

3.00

Weight

kg

Rod diameter

mm

Flat saddleBase for air terminal of dia. 16 mm – for installation on flat horizontal surfaces

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu∅ 6-10; tape 3 x 25

tape 3 x 25

G115 23M

G115 23

Cat. no.

1.03

0.35

Weight

kg

Material

bronze

Ridge saddle for air terminal of dia. 16 mm – for installation on ridges

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cutape 3 x 25 G115 25

Cat. no.

1.07

Weight

kg

Material

bronze

Rod brackets for air terminal of dia. 16 mm – for installation on vertical surfaces

Conductor material

St/Cu or Cu G115 73

Cat. no.

0.90

Weight

kg

Material

bronze

Rod to tape coupling for air terminal of dia. 16 mm

Conductor material

St/Cu or Cu G115 74

Cat. no.

0.25

Weight

kg

Material

bronze

cat. no. G115 23M

cat. no. G115 23

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 23


Base for air terminal of dia. 10 mm – enables to install air terminal on horizontal or vertical surfaces

Conductor diameter

mm

Base assembly Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu G115 26

G115 27

Cat. no.

0.30

Weight

kg

Material

bronze∅ 6-10

∅ 6-10

vertical

horizontal

Roof conductor holder for flat roofsRoof conductor holder – fastened by gluing to the roof

∅ 6

∅ 8

tape to 31 x 3

G117 10

G117 11

G117 13

Cat. no.Material

1.15plastic,

concrete

Weight

kg

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu

Holders, distance and fastening clampsBack plate holdfast stem increasing distance from wall clamps. For use with saddle (cat. no. G115 06, G115 07 and G115 08)

St/Cu or Cu G115 57

Cat. no.Material

0.30bronze

Weight

kg

Conductor material

Heavy duty cast cable saddle for down conductor placed on the wall. Hole of dia. 6 mm enables to fix clamp to wall

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

Distance

mm

8

8

8

G115 07

G115 08

G115 06

Cat. no.

0.10

0.07

0.16

Weight

kg

bronze∅ 6-10

25 x 3

50 x 6

St/Cu or Cu wire

St/Cu or Cu tape

Material

Tape clip

20 x 3

25 x 3

25 x 3

G115 76

G115 77

G115 78

Cat. no.

0.02

Conductor material

St/Cu or Cu

PVC covered tape

Weight

kg

Conductor size

mm

copper

Material

Test and disconnection clampsTest clamp for straight through joints. Enables to connect wire or tape to wire, both made of copper or copper-bonded steel. Not fastened to elevation

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cuwire ∅ 6-10, tape 3 x 25

wire ∅ 6-10, wire ∅ 6-10

G115 01

G115 09

Cat. no.

0.20

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200424


Test joint clamp wire to tapeClamp enables to connect wire or tape to tape in straight line. Not fastened to elevation

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu wire ∅ 6-10, tape up to 35 G115 62

Cat. no.

0.21

Weight

kg

copper, copper

bolts

Material

Square clamps (wire to wire)Clamp suitable for cross connection of down conductor with horizontal air terminal installed on roof

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu∅ 6-10 G115 10

Cat. no.

0.17

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Tee clamp enables triangular connection of conductors

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu∅ 6-10 G115 02

Cat. no.

0.17

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Multipurpose connection clamp for universal use enables cross, T and parallel connection of the conductors

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu∅ 8 G115 51

Cat. no.

0.10

Weight

kg

copper, copper

bolt

Material

Earth pointsIt is used to pass the down-conductor across the concrete construction

No. of M8 holes Conductor size

no front plate

25 x 3 mm or 70

25 x 3 mm or 8 mm dia.

no front plate

mm2

4

2

2

2

G115 79

G115 81

G115 83

G115 85

Cat. no.

0.41

0.44

0.44

0.28

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Earth points pre welded tails

Conductor size

as cat. no. G115 79 with 0.5 m long tail

of 70 PVC covered cablemm


of 70 mm PVC covered cable


of 70 mm PVC covered cable

2

2

2

G115 80

G115 82

G115 84

Cat. no.

0.56

0.84

0.84

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 25


Square tape clamp

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu25 x 3

25 x 6

50 x 6

G115 32

G115 34

G115 33

Cat. no.

0.23

0.42

0.98

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Oblong test or junction clamp

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu≤ 26 x 8 G115 36

Cat. no.

0.26

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Plate type test clamp

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu≤ 26 x 12 G115 86

Cat. no.

0.62

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Screwdown test clamp

Conductor size

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu≤ 26 x 8 G115 87

Cat. no.

0.84

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Test clamp

Conductor size

mm2

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu50

70

95

G115 88

G115 89

G115 90

Cat. no.

0.39

0.40

0.40

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Square conductor clamp

Conductor size

mm2

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu50

70

95

G115 91

G115 92

G115 93

Cat. no.

0.32

0.29

0.25

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200426


Gutter clampEnables to connect conductor to gutter rim, connecting conductor through gutter clamp. Faste-ned by screwing down to gutter rim

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

For rims of

mm

16-22 G115 45

Cat. no.

0.14

Weight

kg

copper,

copper

bolt

∅ 6-10 St/Cu or Cu

Material

Clamps for connecting conductors to all types of metal structures and sheetsMetalwork bonding to connect conductors to all types of metal structures up to 13 mm thick. To fix clamp to metal structure should screw down bolts inside gripping jaw of clamp

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu∅ 6-10 G115 48

Cat. no.

0.37

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Tower earth clamp to bond conductor to steelwork with bolt of size M10. To fasten clamp to steelwork one should make hole for bolt

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

St/Cu or Cu∅ 6-10 G115 16

Cat. no.

0.13

Weight

kg

bronze

Material

Equipotential installation fittings

Flexible braid bondFlexible copper braid for bonding gates, doors, fences etc., in order to equalise potential. Holes diameter 11 mm

Width x thickness x length

mm

25 x 3.5 x 400 G115 61

Cat. no.

0.15

Weight

kg

Material

copper

Saddle clamp to connect conductor to sheet by lengthwise and crosswise conductor mounting. Clamp jaw grips with sheet inside when screwing down. Sheet thickness from 0.7 to 8 mm

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

Clamping range

mm

0.7-8 G115 49

Cat. no.

0.11

Weight

kg

copper,

copper bolt

∅ 6-10 St/Cu or Cu

Material

Saddle clamp to connect conductor to steelwork or sheet. Clamp jaw grips with sheet inside when screwing down. Sheet thickness or steelwork – from 1 to 12 mm

Conductor diameter

mm

Conductor

material

Clamping range

mm

0.7-8 G115 50

Cat. no.

0.23

Weight

kg

bronze∅ 6-10 St/Cu or Cu

Material

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 27


Equipotential earth barsEnables connection: two conductors dia. 7-10 mm (50 mm2) or one conductor of dia.

7-10 mm and one tape 30 x 3.5 mm, and seven copper conductors of 2.5-25 mm2.

cat. no. G119 03

cat. no. G119 01

Enables connection: seven conductors dia. 7-10 mm, and two of dia. 7-12 mm or tape 30 x 3.5 mm.

Enables connection of five bus bars (tapes) of max. size 30 x 4 mm. cat. no. G119 02

Additional elements

Aerial mast diverterAerial mast diverter to connect down conductor to aerial mast, protecting from atmospheric

discharges. cat. no. G200 19

Lightning strikes counterCounter records the number of lightning strikes – lightning current impulses flowing through

the down conductor. cat. no. G200 24

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200428

Galconnect system

„C” ClampClamp „C” should be pressed on the conductor using the hydraulic press

Dimensions Jaws

cat. no.conductor I

mm2

G120 05

G120 06

G120 05

G120 05

G120 06

G120 06

G120 06

G120 07

G120 07

G120 07

G120 07

G120 08

G120 08

G120 08

G120 09

G120 09

G120 09

G120 09

G120 10

G120 10

G120 10

50

70

70

95

70

95

120

70

95

120

120

120

150

185

150

185

185

240

185

185

240

G120 41

G120 41

G120 41

G120 42

G120 42

G120 42

G120 43

G120 43

G120 43

G120 43

G120 43

G120 43

G120 44

G120 44

G120 44

G120 45

G120 45

G120 45

G120 45

G120 46

G120 46

conductor II

mm2

50-35

70-25

50-16

35-10

70-25

95-25

50-10

70-35

95-25

70-16

70-10

120-35

95-25

70-16

150-70

185-50

150-35

120-16

185-95

185-70

240-35

Clamp

cat. no.

Material

copper

Cable’s and rod’s terminalsTerminals for copper conductors and copper-bonded earth rods which shall be pressed on using the hydraulic press

Dimensions Jaws

cat. no.cable size

rod size inch

mm / 2

G120 17

G120 18

G120 19

G120 20

G120 21

G120 22

G120 23

G120 24

G120 25

G120 26

G120 27

G120 28

6

10

16

25

35

50

70

95

120/

150/

185/

240

12

58

34

/

/

/

G120 61

G120 62

G120 63

G120 64

G120 65

G120 66

G120 67

G120 68

G120 69

G120 70

G120 71

G120 72

diameter of the

bolt hole

mm

5.3

6.5

6.5

8.5

8.5

11

11

11

13

13

17

17

Terminal

cat. no.

Material

copper

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 29

Galconnect system

Cable’s jointsCable’s joints which shall be pressed on conductor using the hydraulic press

Dimensions Jaws

cat. no.size

mm2

G120 29

G120 30

G120 31

G120 32

G120 33

G120 34

G120 35

G120 36

G120 37

G120 38

G120 39

G120 40

6

10

16

25

35

50

70

95

120

150

185

240

G120 73

G120 74

G120 75

G120 76

G120 77

G120 78

G120 79

G120 80

G120 81

G120 82

G120 83

G120 84

internal diameter

mm

3.8

4.5

5.5

7

8.2

10

11.5

13.5

15.5

17

19

21.5

Joint

cat. no.

Material

copper

Head GP-6 for conductor cuttingHead GP-6 is used to cut bus bars and flat bars up to 8 mm thick, bus bars Cu and Al

up to 12 mm thick and steel rods up to 12 mm dia. The head is the accessory for press PHRN-46. cat. no. G120 01

High-speed press PHRN-46There was applied the accelerated lost motion of the working frame piston. Thanks to this

one can work quickly and efficiently. Several swinging motions provide quick movement of the frame’s piston what is necessary to do the work.

Application: – pressing ends of conductors of 16-300 mm2 and ends of earthing rods of dia. 1/2”, 5/8”, 3/4”,– pressing clamps „C” type,– joining conductors in cable’s joints,– cutting of tapes, angle bars, rods using the head GP-6,– making holes in bus bars Al, Cu and flat steels using the head GD-6,– bending bus bars Al, Cu and flat steels using the bender.

Technical data:– weight: 14.4 kg,– pressure force: 200 kN (20 T),– cables range: 16-300 mm2. cat. no. G120 00

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200430

Galconnect system

Bender for bus bars Al, Cu and steel flat bars Bender is used to bend Al and Cu bus bars up to 100 mm width and up to 10 mm thick

and steel flat bars up to 60 mm width and up to 8 mm thick. Bending range: 180O, 90O. Bender is helpful when the power substation is modernized or out of order. The bender is the accessory for press PHRN-46.cat. no. G120 02

Head GD-6 to make holesHead GD-6 is used to make holes in aluminium main bus bars of the power substations

and steel flat bars (tapes). The head is opened what helps to make holes easily up to 13 mm dia., in steel bus bars and flat bars up to 6 mm thick. For special order we supply punches and die blocks to make holes of dia.: 6.5; 9; 11; 13; 17 mm. The head is the accessory for press PHRN-46.cat. no. G120 03

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 31

Galmarweld system

Galmarweld exothermic system makes possible to connect metals of different electroche-mical potentials (Zn, Cu, Fe).

Note: When connecting galvanized tape to copper-bonded earth rod both the welding and 10 cm of rod should be protected with Denso tape (see page 16).

Rod to bus bar connections Cross connection of earth rod to bus bar perpendicularly (welding on thread)

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 200

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 200

0.090

0.115

0.115

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.200

0.090

0.115

0.115

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.200

GBR7-128203

GBR7-128254

GBR7-128304

GBR7-128404

GBR7-142203

GBR7-142254

GBR7-142304

GBR7-142404

GBR7-172203

GBR7-172254

GBR7-172304

GBR7-172404

GBR7-128203S

GBR7-128254S

GBR7-128304S

GBR7-128404S

GBR7-142203S

GBR7-142254S

GBR7-142304S

GBR7-142404S

GBR7-172203S

GBR7-172254S

GBR7-172304S

GBR7-172404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Rod

diameter

mm

Bus bar

size

mmcat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

connection with copper or zinc coated tape

12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

connection with copper-bonded tape

12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200432

Galmarweld system

Cross connection of earth rod to bus bar parallel (welding on thread)

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

0.090

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.090

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

GBR9-128203

GBR9-128254

GBR9-128304

GBR9-128404

GBR9-142203

GBR9-142254

GBR9-142304

GBR9-142404

GBR9-172203

GBR9-172254

GBR9-172304

GBR9-172404

GBR9-128203S

GBR9-128254S

GBR9-128304S

GBR9-128404S

GBR9-142203S

GBR9-142254S

GBR9-142304S

GBR9-142404S

GBR9-172203S

GBR9-172254S

GBR9-172304S

GBR9-172404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Rod

diameter

mm

Bus bar

size

mmcat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30


12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2


12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 33

Galmarweld system

Cross connection where bus bar is positioned underneath rod thread perpendicular to earth rod

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 150

0.090

0.115

0.115

0.115

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.150

0.090

0.115

0.115

0.115

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.150

GBR17-128203

GBR17-128254

GBR17-128304

GBR17-128404

GBR17-142203

GBR17-142254

GBR17-142304

GBR17-142404

GBR17-172203

GBR17-172254

GBR17-172304

GBR17-172404

GBR17-128203S

GBR17-128254S

GBR17-128304S

GBR17-128404S

GBR17-142203S

GBR17-142254S

GBR17-142304S

GBR17-142404S

GBR17-172203S

GBR17-172254S

GBR17-172304S

GBR17-172404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Rod

diameter

mm

Bus bar

size

mmcat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30


12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2


12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200434

Galmarweld system

Rod to conductor connectionsCross connection (conductor positioned horizontally)

12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

∅ 6 mm

∅ 8 mm

S 16 mm2

S 50 mm2

∅ 6 mm

∅ 8 mm

S 16 mm2

S 50 mm2

∅ 6 mm

∅ 8 mm

S 16 mm2

S 50 mm2

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 90

GFF 115

0.090

0.115

0.090

0.115

0.090

0.115

0.090

0.115

0.090

0.115

0.090

0.115

GCR3-128∅6

GCR3-128∅8

GCR3-128S16

GCR3-128S50

GCR3-142∅6

GCR3-142∅8

GCR3-142S16

GCR3-142S50

GCR3-172∅6

GCR3-172∅8

GCR3-172S16

GCR3-172S50

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Rod

diameter

mm

Conductor

size cat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

Cross connection where bus bar is positioned underneath rod thread parallel to earth rod

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

GFF 115

GFF 150

GFF 150

GFF 200

0.090

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.090

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

0.115

0.150

0.150

0.200

GBR19-128203

GBR19-128254

GBR19-128304

GBR19-128404

GBR19-142203

GBR19-142254

GBR19-142304

GBR19-142404

GBR19-172203

GBR19-172254

GBR19-172304

GBR19-172404

GBR19-128203S

GBR19-128254S

GBR19-128304S

GBR19-128404S

GBR19-142203S

GBR19-142254S

GBR19-142304S

GBR19-142404S

GBR19-172203S

GBR19-172254S

GBR19-172304S

GBR19-172404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Rod

diameter

mm

Bus bar

size

mmcat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.80

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30


12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2


12.8

12.8

12.8

12.8

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

17.2

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 35

Galmarweld system

Cross connection (connection with partial cover of the connection of two uncut tapes)

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

GFF 65

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 200

GFF 65

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 200

0.065

0.090

0.115

0.200

0.065

0.090

0.115

0.200

GBB41-203203

GBB41-254254

GBB41-304304

GBB41-404404

GBB41-203203S

GBB41-254254S

GBB41-304304S

GBB41-404404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Bus bar

I

mm

Bus bar

II

mmcat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

connection of copper or zinc coated tapes

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

connection of copper-bonded tapes

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

Bus bar to bus bar connectionsFrontal connection

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

GFF 45

GFF 90

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 45

GFF 90

GFF 90

GFF 115

0.045

0.090

0.090

0.115

0.045

0.090

0.090

0.115

GBB7-203

GBB7-254

GBB7-304

GBB7-404

GBB7-203S

GBB7-254S

GBB7-304S

GBB7-404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Bus bar

I

mm

Bus bar

II

mmcat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

connection of copper or zinc coated tapes

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

connection of copper-bonded tapes

20 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

Conductor to conductor connections Horizontal to horizontal circular conductor cross

∅ 6 mm

∅ 8 mm

S 16 mm

S 50 mm

2

2

GCC11-∅6∅6

GCC11-∅8∅8

GCC11-S16S16

GCC11-S50S50

weight

kg

Conductor

II

Powder

GFF 65

GFF 150

GFF 45

GFF 150

Conductor

I cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.40

1.80

1.40

1.50

0.065

0.150

0.045

0.150

∅ 6 mm

∅ 8 mm

S 16 mm

S 50 mm

2

2

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200436

Tape to steel surface connectionTape to steel plate connection

GFF 65

GFF 90

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 200

GFF 65

GFF 90

GFF 90

GFF 115

GFF 200

0.065

0.090

0.090

0.115

0.200

0.065

0.090

0.090

0.115

0.200

GBS1-203

GBS1-253

GBS1-254

GBS1-304

GBS1-404

GBS1-203S

GBS1-253S

GBS1-254S

GBS1-304S

GBS1-404S

weight

kg

weight

kg

Powder Clamp

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

GFF 106

Bus bar

mm cat. no. cat. no.

Mold

weight

kg

cat. no.

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30


20 x 3

25 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4


20 x 3

25 x 3

25 x 4

30 x 4

40 x 4

Note: Above connection types are exemplifications. In case of different types required, please contact our sales office.

Note: The producer reserves the right to introduce modifications to products due to technological progress without prior notice.

Galmarweld system

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 37

Lightning protection – theory

Directions for designing an effective lightning protection

The design of lightning protection instal-lation must be started with defining the risk level. As soon as the protection level is deter-mined, we can proceed to specifying zones of protection for protected facilities which must be done according to the following standards: BS 6651, IEC 62305. The standards provi-de three methods of determining zones of protection that we can use by keeping to dimensions shown on Tab. 1 and Fig. 2. They include: mesh size method, protective angle method, rolling sphere method.

Protec-

tion

level

h

m

Efficiency

of the protection

%

I

II

III

IV

20

30

45

60

25

35

45

55

*

25

35

45

*

*

25

35

*

*

*

25

98

95

90

80

20

αO

Mesh

size

m

5 x 5

10 x 10

10 x 10

20 x 20

R

m

30

αO

45

αO

60

αO

* in this case apply rolling sphere and mesh method only

Tab. 1 Positioning of air termination according to protection level

In order to reduce the possibility of dangerous sparking, the down conductors are to be arranged to assure conductive connections from point of strike to earth, in such a way that: several parallel paths of lightning current exists (Tab. 2 and Fig. 3) and the length of the current paths is kept to minimum. The distance between conductors depends on the protection level and therefore these values should not be exceeded. The down conductors shall assure direct continuation of the air termination conductors distributed around perimeter of space to be protected. The average value of the distance between them is not higher than values indicated Tab. 2 and Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 Minimal distance between down con-ductors for individual protection levels

d d

d

Fig. 2 Protection zones determined by protec-tive angle and rolling sphere methods

h

R

protected space

α

Building industry

Atmospheric discharge – riskAll over the world for hundreds of years

people have been trying to protect them-selves and their property from dangerous atmospheric phenomena. Although not eve-rywhere are these atmospheric phenomena equally intense, but the potential danger is always real. One of the biggest perils is posed by atmospheric discharge. In the world one atmospheric discharge takes place on the average every three seconds. Atmospheric discharge is a consequence of accumulation of electric charges in a storm cloud. The moment the threshold voltage is exceeded, discharges start to develop inside the storm cloud, between storm clouds of opposite potentials or between such a clo-ud and the earth surface. In the last case we talk about a strike to earth in a form of a branched spark with the length of a few to a few dozens of kilometers. Possible cloud to ground flashes are shown in Fig. 1. There are: direct strike to a structure or to air termination system (a), direct strike to the incoming overhead line or services (b), nearby strike to the incoming line or into earth (b), nearby strike to the adjacent object or into earth (c).

Fig. 1 Possible lightning strikes: a) direct strike, b) nearby strike to the power line, c) nearby strike to the adjacent object or earth

Tab. 2 Minimal distance between down conductors for individual protection levels, according to IEC

Protection

level

Distance (d)

m

I

II

III

IV

10

15

20

25

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200438


At least two down conductors are neces-sary in all cases. In tall structures down con-ductors shall be interconnected by means of horizontal ring conductors near ground level and by further rings at 20 m intervals vertically (Fig. 4).

In order to ensure safety, suitable distan-ces must be kept between down conductors and places attended by people. Intervals: from a building entrance, passages for people and metal enclosures must be more than 2 meters. If this provision cannot be fulfilled, a protecting pipe must be applied (Fig. 6).

Earth termination system shall disperse lightning current into earth without causing dangerous voltages. The more important is shape and dimensions of the earth termi-nation system than specific values of earth electrode resistance. However in general, a low earth resistance is recommended and required according to national regulations.

According to IEC standard earth electro-des are classified in two basic types:type A – minimum two radial horizontal

earth electrodes, each of length l1 5 m

or two vertical (inclined) electrodes of minimum length 0.5 l

1,

type B – interconnected reinforcing steel of concrete (foundation earth electrode should be always used) or external ring earth electrode for which mean radius r of area enclosed shall be not less than the value l

1, (r l

1). If r < l

1, additional

horizontal electrodes of length lr = l

1 – r

or vertical electrodes of length lv = 0.5

(l1 – r) are required.

The minimum required lengths of earth electrodes are shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 6 Required distances from places attended by people, according to IEC

In compliance with international standard IEC the down conductor installation must assure required intervals both between holders and between a given conductor and a building’s façade. Intervals between hol-ders should be not bigger than 1 m. And the necessary interval from the façade depends on the material it is made of. If the façade’s material is nonflammable or slow burning, the conductor can be placed directly on or only a small distance from the façade. For easy burning materials the interval of 10 cm must be kept (Fig. 5).

1.0 m

non-inflam

mable

or

non-fla

mm

able

basis

flam

mable

basis

1.0 m

0.1 m

Fig. 5 Minimal distance from façade, accor-ding to IEC

Fig. 7 Minimum length l1 of earth electrodes

according to protection levels

Fig. 4 Design of high apartment building with horizontal ring conductors

Power industry

Earthing systems for substationRequirements for earthing:

– working earth – keeping the required re-sistance value not exceeding acceptable by suitable regulation,

– lightning earth – earthing resistance should not exceed 10 ,

– protective earth – protection of human health on the substation area and surro-undings; limits voltage of earthing what guarantees correct work of surge arre-sters and isolation of devices connected with areas not covered by earthing system,

– provides right heat, mechanical and cor-rosion resistance of earthing elements,

– ensures equipotentialization, limiting overvoltages and their damaging influ-ence on secondary circuit and electronic devices.

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 39

For designing lightning protection for electromagnetic installations the soil re-sistivity must be measured first. Wenner 4-electrodes is one of the soil resistivity measuring method (Fig. 8). The resistivity is calculated on the ground of the distance between electrodes and the resistance read from the meter from formula 1.

Fig. 8 Wenner 4-electrodes method of measuring of soil resistivity

The earthing installation is based on a grid made of copper tape (Fig. 9) where the size of a mesh depends on short-cir-cuit currents. The resistance of a mesh is calculated from formula 2. In order to clear from any influence of climatic conditions (differences in humidity and temperature in different seasons of the year) vertical earth rods must be applied (like in Figure 10 indicated by „g”) on the circumference of the grid and additionally at the junction of earthing conductors of overhead lines with the earthing grid and at overvoltage arresters.

= 2aR (1) – soil resistivitya – distance between electrodesR – resistance showed by measuring device

Fig. 9 View of artificial earthing system for substation

Fig. 10 15 kV substation earthing grid

Earthing systems for overhead power linesEarthing systems construction:

– lightning earth – earth ring made of tape with vertical earth rods marked by „g” or with additional radial earth conductors,

– protective earth – consists of earth rings, where every next ring is dug deeper. Earth ring should be completed with vertical rods (Fig. 11).

Fig. 11 Earthing protection for high voltage transmission lines

Similarly to the case of substation, the vertical rods should be at least 3 m long (Fig. 12).

Fig. 12 View of artificial earthing system for high voltage transmission lines

Telecommunications

In recent years we have been witnessing an intense expansion of facilities which operation bases on electronic circuits cha-racterized by high sensitivity to any type of overvoltage. Just a perfect example for this is the entire telecommunications industry that so strongly requires a very high level of protection from interferences related to atmospheric discharge. All designing principles referring to lightning protection should be also applied to telecommunications facilities. When starting to design a protection instal-lation, we must first determine the lightning strike risk coefficient for a given facility.

(2)

– soil resistivityS – substation area


ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200440


The limitations related to the level of protection are a consequence of the need to ensure appropriate safety of sensitive appliances as well as human health and life. For determining the protection zones any of the three methods can be used: mesh size method, protective angle method and rolling sphere method. Suitable ground wires and earthing conductors should be just enough to ensure safe drainage of charges originating from a lightning strike in the shortest path down to the ground. It is possible to use a given facility’s metal construction in the as-sembly of the lightning protection installation provided the condition of electrical continuity of the entire construction is fulfilled. The lightning protection installation must be taken into consideration already at the stage of designing, and at the stage of building, when constructing the foundations, it must be remembered to use the foundation and horizontal earthing ring in compliance with the applicable standards. An example of such an installation has been presented in Fig. 13. Due to the very rich range of Galmar’s pro-ducts it is possible to build any, even the most complicated, lightning protection installation.

Fig. 13 Lightning protection for GSM base station with the metal tower

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 41

Galmar products quality

On the photos we can see the tests of two rods with different copper layer. After the test the rod with initial copper thickness 0.250 mm have the copper layer reduced to 0.163 mm. Second rod with initial copper thickness 0.118 mm after the test has the layer damaged and the steel core is expo-sed. That’s why only the rods with minimum copper layer exceeding 0.250 mm fulfill the requirements of the standards.

Based on the corrosion resistance test made in natural conditions one can find that the most important is to assure continuity of the copper jacket of thickness

Test of the copper adhesion in the vise

To ensure 30 years corrosion resi-stance, the steel earthing rods must be covered with copper of minimum thickness 0.250 mm and the steel conductors of minimum copper thickness 0.070 mm. Below tests show the need to maintain the parameters of earthing systems which are in accordance with European standards.

Copper thickness – is different for verti-cal earthing rods and different for horizontal earthing ring conductors. It is measured by an electronic thickness gauge.

Main reason why the standards give the requirement for copper thickness 0.250 mm is the strength of copper layer during driving process. Vertical earthing rod is exposed for friction which can cause reduction of the copper thickness. Below test of hitting the rod fixed between vise jaws simulate the condi-tions during driving the rod in the ground.

Copper-bonded steel conductors: earthing rod, tape, wire

0.250 mm for earthing rods and 0.070 mm for wires and tapes. Wires and tapes are not exposed for damages during driving in the ground. That’s why protective copper layer of thickness 0.070 mm is sufficient. Below we present the photos and the re-sults of corrosion tests of copper-bonded and hot dip galvanized earthing rods and conductors. Tests performed according to standard EN 50164-2:2003 have proved 6 times better corrosion resistance of copper-bonded tapes and wires than hot dip galvanized. The rate of the corrosion of hot dip galvanized earthing rods was 0.0481 mm/year and of copper-bonded only 0.009 mm/year.

a

b

c

Samples of the copper-bonded steel conductors after corrosion: a) earthing rod, b) tape, c) wire

Initial copper thickness d = 250 μm

Initial copper thickness d = 118 μm

Galmar earth rods

The Galmar earth rods are made of molecularly bonded 99.9% pure electro-lytic copper onto a low carbon steel core. The steel core is a bar drawn up to the required diameter. Galmar rods have high tensile strength 600 N/mm2, they can be driven by vibrohammers to great depths (even up to 35 meters). The copper jacket is 0.250 mm thick at all points and it ensures the preservation of the earth rod in the soil for at least 30 years.

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200442

Our system of copper-bonded earth rods provides:a) low investment expenses,b) low exploitation costs.

It could seem that the advanced technology related to copper bonding of the earth rods would result in very high price of the installed earthing. But the practice indicates that the most expensive element of earthing is the cost of installation, not the material which the earthing is made of. Consequently, the cost of installed Galmar earthing is similar to, and in many cases lower than cost of systems used so far. Due to ability to join rods into as long sections as desired, we can drive the rod down to 30 meters to make it independent of any atmospheric conditions which cause increment of soil resistivity (frosts and droughts), and at the same time an increase in the earth resistance.

Dependence of earth resistance upon driving depth

resistance decrease can

be obtained by increase

in earth driving depth

graph of dependence

of earth resistance

(in case of rod diameter

17.2 mm) upon driving

depth

driving depth [m]

eart

h r

esis

tance [O

hm

]

70

80

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 45 50

Diagram presents application of Galmar rod, 12 meters long (material: 1 piece x 12 meters of Galmar earthing)

Ru < 2 Ω

central

1

central

1

2

45

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

3

131514

Ru 2 Ω

Diagram presents application of steel earth rods and tape buried at depth 0.8 m (material: 42 m of tape, 15 piece x 3 meters steel rods)

Deep driving allows to achieve the requ-ired earth resistance with minimal number of earthing points. To obtain the same va-lue of resistance using short vertical rods, 6 meters or less, the earthing must be si-gnificantly extended and cover large area, what increases expenses many times. In urban areas, application of our vertical ear-thing rods eliminates problems connected with the need to remove asphalt or boulder pavements. The diagrams present the situation that has taken place in Zamość city, where 2 of earth resistance have been achieved. As it shows, this value has been obtained by using Galmar rods, only

Corrosion of two kinds of rods in given periods of time

hot galvanized

rod

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

time [years]

42

copper-bonded rod

with coating 0.250 mm

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

% c

orr

osio

n rate of corrosion affecting

copper-bonded rod equals 1/6

of corrosion affecting steel.

We reach that level by applying

very tight copper coating

Adherence of coating – is tested in order to check whether the coating has not a tendency to separation when the rod is driven into the ground. It is tested as follows. Pointed rod is being shoved between the vice jaws. Distance between jaws equals the rod diameter decreased by 1.2 mm. When the rod is being shoved, the vice jaws tear off the coating at points where they contact the rod, while the rest of its surface should not exfoliate. Such an adherence enables performing of thread with rolling technique, after copper bonding.

Plasticity of coating – is tested by ben-ding the rod at 180 degrees. Lack of cracks and exfoliation goes to show high quality of our product.

Our products have been exami-ned and received positive opinions and certificates allowing their appli-cation in many parts of the world:– certificate of UL (Underwriters Labora-

tories Inc.-USA) allowing the application of our earth rods on the vast majority of world markets,

– certificate of Warsaw Power Industry Institute,

– opinion of the Cable Network Development Institute that confirms that our earth rods meet the Standard of Polish Telecom no. ZN-95/TP S.A. -037/T and PN-T-45000-2,

– statement of PIMot concerning the cor-rosion resistance of the copper-bonded earth rods,

– expertise of Galmarweld connection strength – Warsaw University of Techno-logy,

– report of Warsaw University of Techno-logy, Faculty of Material Science and Engineering „Tests of corrosion resi-stance of copper-bonded steel tape and copper-bonded steel earthing rod”,

– report of Warsaw University of Technolo-gy, Faculty of Material Science and En-gineering „Tests of corrosion resistance of steel earthing rods, covered with zinc and copper coatings”,

– KEMA Quality B.V. tests report of copper--bonded earthing rods

at one point, at the depth of 12 meters. When using the 3 meters deep rods, the required value has been obtained with 15 points.


ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 43

Galmarweld system – exothermic welding

The new way to connect two metals is an exothermic welding – Galmarweld. This me-thod allows welding copper to copper, copper to steel, copper to galvanized steel, metals with the same as well as different structures and is one of the best and permanent solu-tions. The Galmarweld exothermic system makes possible to form electrical molecular bonds, highly resistant to corrosion which can be used for earthing, lightning, cathodic protection, railway traction’s, signalling, etc. This is a simple and fast method to obtain a permanent connection.

To make a connection you need a per-fectly made graphite mold and a cartridge with a special powder. You place the end of cleaned earth rod (Galmar rod), earthing conductor and special powder in the mold. After closing a lid, ignite starting powder with a flint gun from side sparking and the fusion reaction takes place which causes powder is molten first forming a liquid and then after cooling down a permanent connection.

As a result of the exothermic fusion reaction, the part of powder components is burnt so the cartridge mass left which forms a connection has over 95% of copper. The temperature for the spark ignition of pro-cess starter (phosphorus) is about 450OC.

The temperature for the ignition of copper/basic materials reaction is about 950OC. And finally, the temperature for exothermic process exceeds 2000OC.

Some tests were made for the series of welding connections at Warsaw University of Technology. The principle was to conduct to each welded element: three current surges of the shape 8/20 μs and of the amplitude increased from 26 to 52 kA and two oscil-latory current surges of the maximum value

Result of Galmarweld: Galmar earth rod-tape

Exothermic welding reaction

Elements of Galmarweld system


Galmar Resistivity – lowering resistance to earth

Difficulties connected with making ear-thing installations in the ground where its resistivity is very high induced Galmar to introduce a new product. This product – in many cases – allows to solve such a pro-blem. Galmar Resistivity is a fine powder that increases the surface area of the ear-thing electrode thus reducing resistance to ground. Additionally, usage of this product lowers surge impedance significantly.

Due to the fact that application of Galmar Resistivity will cause the increase in the total cost of earthing installation, therefore it is recommended mainly in rocky soils where other methods are not effective. The graphs show the Galmar Resistivity influence on a change in resistance to earth. When a powder is used as a backfill for earth elec-trode it lowers both these parameters, and in case of earth resistance a drop comes even to 70%.

Galmar Resistivity is applicable to both vertical and horizontal earth electrodes. It can be installed as a dry powder surroun-ding the earthing electrode. Galmar Resisti-vity absorbs moisture from the soil and har-dens to become a solid conductive electrode. It may also be mixed with water and applied as a mortal if desired.

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 5 10 15 20

Galmar Resistivity – electrode

of dia. 150 mm

Galmar Resistivity – electrode

of dia. 75 mm

depth of earth electrode [m]

decre

ase in e

art

h r

esis

tance [%

]

Average influence of Galmar Resistivity on changing vertical electrode resistance

Galmar Resistivity benefits:– provides ideal contact with the surrounding

soil on the whole electrode surface, – reduces resistance to earth even to

scores of percent, – lowers surge impedance, – reduces corrosion of earth electrode

significantly, – easy to install anywhere, – environmentally safe, – prevents earth electrode theft.

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200444


ranging from 100 to 105 kA. The resistance for each welded connection was measured before and after the surge tests on the distan-ce along which a surge current was passed. The measured resistance value ranged from 0.26 m to 0.43 m, and was not changed under the surge current tests.

Considering the above, one can ascer-tain that:– the currents use for testing of the welding

connections were comparable (in 95% of cases) to real values of atmospheric discharge currents in respect of their shape and amplitude,

– in any of tested cases (three current surges 8/20 μs and of the amplitude 26-52 kA and two oscillatory current surges of the amplitudes 100-105 kA), no sparking occurred on the welds as well as no damages to the connections and no change in their resistance value,

– the connections made with a Galmarweld technology can be used to connect a light-ning protection to earth rods without any fear that could be destroyed by lightning discharge currents which in real condi-tions are usually dissipated on different parts of a lightning conductor (device).

Galmarweld welds advantages:– high current-carrying capacity,– high current surge resistance,– sparkless connections,– stable transition resistance,– high corrosion resistance,– good mechanical parameters,– short time to make a connection (up to

8 minutes),– lightweight necessary equipment (no

more than 3 kg),– no special skills to perform and no quali-

fications required.

How to recognize original Galmar rods?

1. trade mark on the rod

2. thread rolled after copper-plating = thread diameter bigger than rod diameter

A B

3. conical ends of the rod not covered with copper

3 ways of Galmar rods identifications:

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 45


ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200446


ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 47

Index

GA00 03 17GA00 10 17GBB7-203 35GBB7-203S 35GBB7-254 35GBB7-254S 35GBB7-304 35GBB7-304S 35GBB7-404 35GBB7-404S 35GBB41-203203 35GBB41-203203S 35GBB41-254254 35GBB41-254254S 35GBB41-304304 35GBB41-304304S 35GBB41-404404 35GBB41-404404S 35GBR7-128203 31GBR7-128203S 31GBR7-128254 31GBR7-128254S 31GBR7-128304 31GBR7-128304S 31GBR7-128404 31GBR7-128404S 31GBR7-142203 31GBR7-142203S 31GBR7-142254 31GBR7-142254S 31GBR7-142304 31GBR7-142304S 31GBR7-142404 31GBR7-142404S 31GBR7-172203 31GBR7-172203S 31GBR7-172254 31GBR7-172254S 31GBR7-172304 31GBR7-172304S 31GBR7-172404 31GBR7-172404S 31GBR9-128203 32GBR9-128203S 32GBR9-128254 32GBR9-128254S 32GBR9-128304 32GBR9-128304S 32GBR9-128404 32GBR9-128404S 32GBR9-142203 32GBR9-142203S 32GBR9-142254 32GBR9-142254S 32GBR9-142304 32GBR9-142304S 32GBR9-142404 32GBR9-142404S 32GBR9-172203 32GBR9-172203S 32GBR9-172254 32GBR9-172254S 32GBR9-172304 32GBR9-172304S 32GBR9-172404 32GBR9-172404S 32GBR17-128203 33GBR17-128203S 33GBR17-128254 33GBR17-128254S 33GBR17-128304 33GBR17-128304S 33GBR17-128404 33

GBR17-128404S 33GBR17-142203 33GBR17-142203S 33GBR17-142254 33GBR17-142254S 33GBR17-142304 33GBR17-142304S 33GBR17-142404 33GBR17-142404S 33GBR17-172203 33GBR17-172203S 33GBR17-172254 33GBR17-172254S 33GBR17-172304 33GBR17-172304S 33GBR17-172404 33GBR17-172404S 33GBR19-128203 34GBR19-128203S 34GBR19-128254 34GBR19-128254S 34GBR19-128304 34GBR19-128304S 34GBR19-128404 34GBR19-128404S 34GBR19-142203 34GBR19-142203S 34GBR19-142254 34GBR19-142254S 34GBR19-142304 34GBR19-142304S 34GBR19-142404 34GBR19-142404S 34GBR19-172203 34GBR19-172203S 34GBR19-172254 34GBR19-172254S 34GBR19-172304 34GBR19-172304S 34GBR19-172404 34GBR19-172404S 34GBS1-203 36GBS1-203S 36GBS1-253 36GBS1-253S 36GBS1-254 36GBS1-254S 36GBS1-304 36GBS1-304S 36GBS1-404 36GBS1-404S 36GCC11-66 35GCC11-88 35GCC11-S16S16 35GCC11-S50S50 35GCR3-1286 34GCR3-1288 34GCR3-128S16 34GCR3-128S50 34GCR3-1426 34GCR3-1428 34GCR3-142S16 34GCR3-142S50 34GCR3-1726 34GCR3-1728 34GCR3-172S16 34GCR3-172S50 34GFF 45 35GFF 65 35, 36GFF 90 31-36GFF 106 31-36GFF 115 31-36GFF 150 31-35

GFF 200 31-32, 34-36GN00 02 16G100 01 11G100 02 11G100 03 11G100 04 11G100 05 11G100 11 11G100 12 11G100 13 11G100 14 11G100 15 11G100 21 11G100 22 11G100 23 11G100 24 11G100 25 11G100 51 12G101 02 12G101 03 12G103 06 14G103 07 14G103 08 14G103 09 14G103 10 14G103 13 13G103 14 14G103 15 14G103 16 14G103 17 13G103 18 13G103 19 14G103 21 14G103 22 14G103 54 16G103 55 16G103 56 16G103 58 16G103 81 14G103 82 14G103 83 14G103 84 14G103 85 14G103 86 14G103 87 14G104 11 11G104 12 11G104 13 11G104 51 12G104 97 13G104 98 13G106 01 12G106 02 12G106 03 12G106 11 17G106 12 16G106 51 12G106 97 13G106 98 13G107 01 18G107 02 18G107 03 16G107 04 15G108 01 11G108 02 11G108 03 11G108 51 12G108 97 13G108 98 13 G109 01 12G109 07 12G109 08 12G110 03(25M) 19

Cat. No. Page Cat. No. Page Cat. No. Page Cat. No. Page Cat. No. Page

G110 03(50M) 19G110 11(20M) 19G110 11(50M) 19G110 12(40M) 19G110 20(40M) 19G110 22(20M) 19G110 23 19G110 24 19G110 25 19G110 26 19G110 27 19G110 28 19G110 44 13G110 45 13G110 46 13G110 47 13G110 48 13G110 49 13G110 50 21G110 51 21G110 52 21G110 53 21G110 54 21G110 55 21G110 56 21G110 72(60M) 19G110 73(40M) 19G110 74(30M) 19G110 75(30M) 19G111 02 20G111 03 20G111 06 20G111 07 20G111 08 20G111 09 20G111 10 20G111 11 20G111 12 20G111 13 20G111 14 20G111 15 20G111 16 20G111 17 20G111 18 20G111 19 20G111 20 20G111 21 20G111 22 20G111 23 20G111 24 20G111 25 20G111 26 20G111 27 20G111 35 21G111 36 21G111 37 21G111 38 21G111 39 21G111 40 21G111 41 21G111 42 21G111 43 21G111 44 21G112 01 16G113 01 15G114 01 15G114 02 15G114 02A 15G114 04 15G114 06 15G114 07 15G114 08 15G115 01 23

G115 02 24G115 06 23G115 07 23G115 08 23G115 09 23G115 10 24G115 16 26G115 19 22G115 20 22G115 21 22G115 22 22G115 23 22G115 23M 22G115 25 22G115 26 23G115 27 23G115 28 22G115 29 22G115 32 25G115 33 25G115 34 25G115 36 25G115 45 26G115 48 26G115 49 26G115 50 26G115 51 24G115 57 23G115 61 26G115 62 24G115 73 22G115 74 22G115 76 23G115 77 23G115 78 23G115 79 24G115 80 24G115 81 24G115 82 24G115 83 24G115 84 24G115 85 24G115 86 25G115 87 25G115 88 25G115 89 25G115 90 25G115 91 25G115 92 25G115 93 25G117 10 23G117 11 23G117 13 23G119 01 27G119 02 27G119 03 27G119 08 21G120 00 29G120 01 29G120 02 30G120 03 30G120 05 28G120 06 28G120 07 28G120 08 28G120 09 28G120 10 28G120 17 28G120 18 28G120 19 28G120 20 28G120 21 28G120 22 28

ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:200448

Index

Cat. No. Page

G120 23 28G120 24 28G120 25 28G120 26 28G120 27 28G120 28 28G120 29 29G120 30 29G120 31 29G120 32 29G120 33 29G120 34 29G120 35 29G120 36 29G120 37 29G120 38 29G120 39 29G120 40 29G120 41 28G120 42 28G120 43 28G120 44 28G120 45 28G120 46 28G120 61 28G120 62 28G120 63 28G120 64 28G120 65 28G120 66 28G120 67 28G120 68 28G120 69 28G120 70 28G120 71 28G120 72 28G120 73 29G120 74 29G120 75 29G120 76 29G120 77 29G120 78 29G120 79 29G120 80 29G120 81 29G120 82 29G120 83 29G120 84 29G200 19 27G200 24 27

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