dsl-past present and future technologies
TRANSCRIPT
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Thurs 21st Oct 2004
Fran Holt
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Agenda
DSL Evolution
DSL Introduction
DSL Market
DSL Variants
ADSL
Emerging DSL technologies
DSL ApplicationsLucent product placement
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Evolution of Digital Access
56K
128K
6M
55M
100M+
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DSLIntroduction
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Digital Subscriber Line
DSL is a technology for bringing high-bandwidth info to homes & smallbusinesses over ordinary copper telephone lines.
Voice signals (~3.4KHz) use only a fraction of the available capacity onthe wires. DSL exploits this remaining capacity to carry digital info onthe wire without disturbing the line's ability to carry conversations.
DSL (or more specifically ADSL) operates at frequencies of between100 kHz 1.1 MHz above the voice channel and therefore splits your
phone line into a voice channel and a DSL high speed channel whichoperates at speeds of up to 6 Mbps.
DSL is a distance-sensitive technology ie. as the cable lengthincreases, the signal quality and connection speed decrease. ADSLservice has a max distance of 18,000 feet between the DSL modemand the DSLAM
xDSL refers to different variations of DSL ie. ADSL, HDSL, RADSL etc
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DSL Network
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Splitters are used at the customer premises split the 0-4kHZ spectrumused for voice from the higher frequencies the DSL modem will use topass the data traffic (using micro-filters).
Factors which affect DSL performance include:
Bridge taps (extensions/taps off the link to CO)
Loading Coils (small amplifiers used to boost voice signals)
Wire Gauges Distance
DSL - Introduction
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DSLAM
Aggregates connections from many customers onto a single, high-capacity connection to the IP or ATM network.
Flexible and able to support multiple types of DSL in a single
central office.
Can also be deployed in multi-unit (MxU) environments, whichtypically consist commercial multi-tenant unit (MTU)
residential multi-dwelling unit (MDU)
Vast majority of DSLAMs utilize ATM-based switch fabrics andWAN uplink interfaces.
Internet Protocol (IP)-based DSLAMs, which incorporate IPprocessing/routing/aggregation capabilities, are gaining increasedacceptance, especially in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region.
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Central Office / CoCentral Office / Co--LoLo
Access to unbundled loopsAccess to unbundled loops Traditional DSLAM deploymentTraditional DSLAM deployment
CO / CLECCO / CLEC
Regional CenterRegional Center
Remote TerminalRemote Terminal Outdoor configurationsOutdoor configurations
Tier 2 & 3 residential suburbanTier 2 & 3 residential suburban
and ruraland rural
Fiber In The LoopFiber In The Loop Fiber deeper into the networkFiber deeper into the network
Shorter Distances / Higher BandwidthShorter Distances / Higher Bandwidth
Remote TerminalRemote Terminal Indoor configurationsIndoor configurations
MTU/MDUMTU/MDU
Tier 1 & 2 urban and suburbanTier 1 & 2 urban and suburban
DLCs in Remote TerminalsDLCs in Remote Terminals
DSLAM & MxU
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DSL Market
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123 Million Broadband Subscribers Worldwide Q2 2004source: DSL Forum
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Technology Split in top 10 Broadband Countries Q2 2004sourve: DSL Forum
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Top 20 DSL Countries by Total Subscribers Number Q2 2004source : DSL Forum
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1,100,000,000 Potential DSL Users World-wide
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Market Trends
[CY 2003] Worldwide DSL POTS + DSL port shipments ~ 20.8Million
80% were POTS, 20% were DSL
5.5 Million shipped to NAR (North America Region)
15.3 Million for the rest of the world
[CY 2003] Lucents market position 2nd to Alcatel in the global ATM DSLAM market (7.3% of the market revenues according
to the Synergy Research Group
4th overall behind Alcatel, Huawei and NEC in terms of DSLAM port shipments accordingto multiple industry sources.
[Q1 2004] Lucent increases global ATM DSLAM market revenues to 8.7%(according to Synergy), and has announced several high-profile customer winsand contract expansions in the past few quarters.
To date, Lucent has already installed more than 28,000 Stinger accessconcentrators and more than 6 million ports in more than 25 countries.
Worldwide Market Leaders :- Leader in POTS => Huawei [36%] (90% of their shipments were in Asia)
Leader in DSL => Alcatel [28%] (#1 in NAR)
Lucent is listed as #3 outside NAR for POTS/Specials 6.1%
Lucent is listed as #2 outside NAR for DSL 17.3%
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Lucent has garnered DSLAM customer wins with
o Telefnica de Espaa (Spain)
o France Telecom
o Telefonica Brasil
o EUR 75 million extension of its DSL contract for Telekomunikacja Polska (TP)o Finnet Com OY (Finland)
o Uni2 (a France Telecom subsidiary in Spain)
o Bell Canada
o Portugal Telecom
o Swedens Bredbandsbolaget (B2).
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) fo 2003 2008
POTS projected at 6%
DSL projected at 8%
Lucent faces number of competitive challenges moving forward into 2004. For
example, in the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region, Lucent mustcontend with Alcatel, ECI Telecom, Marconi, and Siemens, while Asian vendorssuch as Huawei, NEC, Samsung, Sumitomo and UTStarcom have already becomevery serious competitive threats to Lucent in multiple international markets.
Market Trends
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DSL Variants
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DSL Variants
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ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) Most popular DSL type. Up to 6.1 megabits per second of data can be sent
downstream and up to 640 Kbps upstream.
G.Lite or DSL Lite (DSL Lite, splitterless ADSL or Universal ADSL)
A slower ADSL that doesn't require splitting of the line at the user end butmanages to split it for the user remotely at the telephone company.
ITU-T standard G-992.2, provides a data rate from 1.544 Mbps to 6 Mpbsdownstream and from 128 Kbps to 384 Kbps upstream.
HDSL (High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line) One of the earliest forms of DSL, is used for wideband digital transmission
Symmetrical - equal amount of bandwidth is available in both directions. HDSL can carry as much on a single wire of twisted-pair cable as can be
carried on a T1 line (1.544 Mbps) or an E1 line (2.048 Mbps).
IDSL (ISDN DSL) IDSL is somewhat of a misnomer since it's really closer to ISDN data rates
and service at 128 Kbps than to the much higher rates of ADSL.
RADSL (Rate-Adaptive DSL) RADSL is an ADSL technology from Westell in which software is able to
determine the rate at which signals can be transmitted on a given customerphone line and adjust the delivery rate accordingly. Westell's FlexCap2system uses RADSL to deliver from 640 Kbps to 2.2 Mbps downstream andfrom 272 Kbps to 1.088 Mbps upstream over an existing line.
DSL Variants
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SDSL (Symmetric DSL) Similar to HDSL with a single twisted-pair line, carrying 1.544 Mbps (U.S.
and Canada) or 2.048 Mbps (Europe) each direction on a duplex line. It'ssymmetric because the data rate is the same in both directions.
G.SHDSL (single pair Symmetric high data rate DSL) ITU-T G.991.2 symmetric, multi-rate DSL combining the best of SDSL andHDSL2, aimed at users of DSL for voice, data and Internet access services.
Delivers up to 2.3 Mbps per secondcompared to 2.0 Mbps for SDSL/
Can be deployed nearly twice as far from the central office (CO) than SDSL,which is limited to a maximum distance of 18,000 feet.
Can operate in 2 & 4-wire bonded modes (up to 4.6Mbps payload).
UDSL (Unidirectional DSL) is a proposal from a European company. It's a unidirectional version of
HDSL.
VDSL (Very high data rate DSL) is a developing technology that promises much higher data rates over
relatively short distances (between 51 and 55 Mbps over lines up to 1,000feet or 300 meters in length). It's envisioned that VDSL may emergesomewhat after ADSL is widely deployed and co-exist with it.
DSL Variants
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ADSL
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ADSL
What is it ?
ADSL depends upon advanced digital signal processing and creative algorithms tosqueeze information through twisted-pair telephone lines.
ADSL is the most standardized DSL type & has the potential to supply B-ISDN services(video on demand, HDTV, LAN interconnection etc) all over the POTS line.
The ITU approved industry standard for full-rate ADSL is known as G.992.1, or G.dmt Capabilities
An ADSL circuit connects an ADSL modem on each end of a twisted-pair telephone line,creating three information channels
a high speed downstream channel (1.5Mbps to 8.0Mbps)
a medium speed duplex channel (16 to 832Kbps)
a POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or an ISDN channel.
The POTS/ISDN channel is split off from the digital modem by filters, thus guaranteeinguninterrupted POTS/ISDN, even if ADSL fails.
Downstream data rates depend on a number of factors, including
the length of the copper line,
its wire gauge
presence of bridged taps.
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An ADSL Network
TCP/IP
Router
M
U
X
ATU-C 1
ATU-C n
ATM
Switch
Internet
Access
Server
Work-at-Home
Server
Video on demand
Server
Info & Advertiser
Server
ATU-R
ATU-R
Customer #1
Customer #n
DSLAM
Central Office POTS
POTS
POTS 1
POTS n
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The 2 prevalent Line codes used are DMT (Discrete Multi-tone) [the open standard chosen by ANSI T1.413 & ITU for full-rate ADSL]
CAP (similar to QAM) Carrierless Amplitude/Phase Modulation
The ANSI standard requires that DMT ADSL both FDM & Echo Cancellationtechniques are commonly used :-
FDM (frequency division multiplexing) ie. the freq range is split into upsteam &downstream bandwidths.
Echo Cancellation ie. eliminate the possibility of a signal in one direction being confusedwith a signal in the opposite direction, and being echoed back.
DMT divides the upstream and downstream bands into a collection of smallerfrequency ranges of approximately 4 kHz each, called sub channels. Duringtransmission, each 4 kHz sub channel carries a portion of the total data rate.
By dividing the transmission bandwidth into a collection of subchannels, DMT isable to adapt to the distinct characteristics of each telephone line and maximizethe data transmission rate.
DMT Line CodeHow the bits are sent
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ADSL is a Framed transport; the bit stream within the ADSL frame can be dividedinto a max of 7 bearer channels
4 uni-directional downstream bearers (AS0-AS3)
3 duplex upstream/downstream bearers (LS0-LS2)
There are 2 major bit categories :- Fast data buffer (delay sensitive, noise tolerant data eg. audio/video services)
Interleave data buffer (data is reqd to be protected from errors eg. Internet access).
The individual ADSL frames are organised into ADSL SuperFrames. A SuperFrame carries 68 ADSL frames
Each SuperFrame is sent every 17ms (each frame is sent every 250us)
DMT Frame StructureHow the bits are organised
Frame 1 Frame 34Frame 2 Frame 67 Sync
One ADSL SuperFrame every 17 milli-seconds
Fast Byte FECFast Data Buffer Interleaved Data Buffer
One ADSL Frame every 250usecs (1/4000 sec)
Frame 3
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ADSL uses consellation encoding and decoding of to rebuilddamaged data on the line this ensures very high reliability.
To improve the performance of ADSL system some companies
use 16 state 4 dimensional trellis code on top of theconsellation encoding.
Another useful method to increase the ADSL systems reliabilityis Forward Error Correction (FEC), which is based on Reed
Solomon coding method .
As indicated, the data frame gets its information from two databuffers (interleaved buffer and fast buffer) which arescrambled - this scrambling method makes the error correction
and coding more efficient.
Code & Error Correction
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ADSL network types
ADSL for TCP/IP: End to End Mode All traffic inside the ADSL Frames are TCP/IP packets.
TCP messages are placed inside IP packets, which are then placed in PPP frames.
The DSLAM places the PPP frame inside the ADSL SuperFrame.
PPP can generate idle bit patterns (7E) when not transmitting IP packets to maintain thecontinous always on connection.
ADSL for ATM: Full Service Network ATM excels at delivering combined traffic streams (voice/video/data)
ATM cells are sent inside ADSL SuperFrames ie. there is a continous flow of fixed-length
53 byte ATM cells packed head-to-tail. ATM idle cells are used when no data is to be transmitted.
PPP over ATM ATM carries IP packets & PPP frames inside ATM cells using AAL5
This is achieved by using PVCs over the ADSL links & through the ATM enabled DSLAM.
The DSLAM uses VPIs (defines the site-to-site connectivity) & VCIs (defines the device-to-device connectivity) in the ATM cell headers to create the path from the CPE to theATM backbone.
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DSL vs Cable
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EmergingDSL
Technologies
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ADSL2+
ADSL2+ is the new standard consented by the ITU in January 2003. It is based on ADSL2 anddoubles the maximum frequency used for downstream data transmission from 1.1 MHz to 2.2MHz. As a result, downstream data rates are increased to up to 24 Mbps on phone lines aslong as 3,000 feet, and 20 Mbps on lines as long as 5,000 feet.
Benefits
Superior rate/reach performance
Enhanced diagnostic capabilities
Improved power management Bonding for higher data rates
Improved interoperability
Reduces cross-talk
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Power Enhancements: ADSL transceivers operate in full-power mode day andnight, even when not in use. ADSL2+ standard brings in power managementmodes that help reduce overall power consumption while maintaining ADSLsalways-on functionality for the user - enters into a sleep mode when theconnection is not being used for extended periods of time.
Rate Adaption: Telephone wires are bundled together in multi-pair binderscontaining 25 or more twisted wire pairs. As a result, electrical signals from onepair can electromagnetically couple onto adjacent pairs in the binder (known asknown as crosstalk and can impede ADSL data rate performance). ADSL2simply detects changes in the channel conditions -- for example, a local AM radiostation turning off its transmitter for the evening and adapts the data rate to
the new channel condition.
ADSL technology standards
ADSL2+
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ADSL Annexes : ADSL standards include annexes that specify ADSL operationfor particular applications and regions around the world.
Annex A is designed to work on phone lines enabled POTS. It is the most commonapplication of ADSL, used throughout North America and much of Europe and Asia.
Annex B works similarly to Annex A, though it is designed to work on phone lines
enabled with ISDN instead of POTS, which is common in Germany and other regions. Annex C is designed specifically for use in Japan. It allows ADSL to operate with Japans
special version of ISDN called TCM-ISDN.
Annex I doubles the downstream of the Annex C, much like ADSL2+ doubles thedownstream of ADSL2.
ADSL2 (G.992.3) Annex L: Reach Extended ADSL2 (RE-ADSL2) provide increasedperformance on long lines under various crosstalk conditions. (re-adsl2 extends coverage
area of 768 kbps service approvimately 37%)
ADSL2+
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ADSL2+
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VDSL
Very-High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) provides 13-to-55Mbpsdownstream and 1.5-to-26Mbps upstream of data over distances of up to 4,500feet. Typical downstream speeds over loop length are :
12.96Mbps 13.8Mbps 4.5kft
25.92Mbps 27.6Mbps 3.0kft
51.84Mbps 55.2Mbps 1.0kft
VDSL can be symmetrical and asymmetrical.
VDSL performance enables service providers to deliver a combination of digitaltelevision, data and regular telephone service on a single twisted-pair copper
wire ie. It is intended for (ATM)B-ISDN service deployment. Because VDSL is capable of transmitting only over a shorter distance, it will
require service providers to deploy fiber optic cable closer to the end user.
VDSL is well suited to full-service networks with 2 channels of HDTV possible atthe highest VDSL bit rates.
Two competing consortiums are pushing to standardize VDSL.
VDSL Alliance supports VDSL using a carrier system called DiscreteMultiTone (DMT) ,excellent performance even under extreme noiseconditions.
VDSL Coalition favors a line coding scheme based on Quadature AmplitudeModulation (QAM), a single-carrier system that is less expensive andconsumes less power.
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The key to VDSL is that the telephone companies are replacing manyof their main feeds with fiber-optic cable eg. Fiber to the Curb (FTTC)or Fiber to the Neighborhood (FTTN).
A VDSL transceiver is placed in your home and a VDSL gateway in a
nearby junction box. The VDSL gateway converts the data received from the transceiver
into pulses of light that can be transmitted over the fiber-optic systemto the central office.
When data is sent back to you, the VDSL gateway converts the signal
from the fiber-optic cable and sends it to your VDSL transceiver
Benefits
Excellent performance, even under extreme channel and noise conditions
Robust performance when line conditions change
Line testing and probing capabilities, which simplify service provisioning andtroubleshooting for operators
Interoperability with ADSL, which is the most widely deployed DSL
VDSL
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DSLApplications
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Home solutionsvideo-on-demand, voiceand other applications
High-speed businessaccess
and next-generationservices QoS
Business solutionsintegrated voice, video, data
and fax solutions
New Applications
Multi-Dwelling Unit
solutionsoffice buildings, apartmentbuildings, hotel and campus
solutions
DSL
Products andServices
DSL
Products andServices
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ISP 1ISP 1
ISP 2ISP 2
ATM CoreNetwork
IntegratedAccess Device
(IAD)
ADSL DS3
HDSL2
SDSL
End-userLocations
CellPipe
Carrier Location
Part of an End-to-EndDSL Solution
G.lite
OC-3c
StingerDLSAM
Voice
Gateway
NavisAccess
PSTN
PSTN
DS3
GX 550/CBX 500
PathStar
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IAD
ADSL DS-3
OC-3
ADSL
SDSL
End user
location
CellPipe and3rd-party vendors
OC-3
DS-3
ATMNetwork
Stingers
ISP 1ISP 1
Network service provider (CLEC,ILEC, IXC) location
DS-3
Voice
PSTN
PathStarAccessServer
RADIUS Server
Router
ISP 2ISP 2
DSL Terminator
Provides end-to-end solution from CPE(CellPipe) to COE (Stinger) to circuit
aggregation and termination
(Terminator)
Gives Service Providers the choice of
integrated layer 3 (via T-1000 module)
or distributed (via Terminator)
Interoperates with Pathstar access
server to provide end-to-end feature
rich packet VoDSL solution
End-to-End Service
Provider Solutions
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Stinger
T1/E1 Trunks
(GR-303)
Voice Gateway
Voice
(AAL2)
ILEC CO
CLEC Switching Center
Class 5 Switch
IAD
Subscriber
1-24
VoiceLoop
LAN
Data
(AAL5)
ATM
InternetPSTN
CBX-500
Switch
SubscriberProvider
Business
SDSL
ADSL
Fax
Video
VoicePacket
Voice and Data Solutions
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TV/VideoTV/Video
Loop
MPEG2
decoder
VC1 Data (UBR)VC1 Data (UBR)
VC2 Video (CBR)VC2 Video (CBR)
VC2 Voice (VC2 Voice (rtrt--VBR)VBR)
Home/Tenant Solutions
Applications supported:h Integrated Data/Voice over DSL
h Local & Cable TV channels
h Interactive video-on-demand
h Internet Access
Ethernet
IAD
ATM/ADSL
Combined Voice,
Video & Data Ethernet
Applications supported:h Integrated Data/Voice over DSL
h Fax over IP
h Multimedia collaboration
h Internet Access
Combined Voice,
Video & Data
Loop
ATM/SDSL
Business Solutions
IAD
VC1 Data (UBR)VC1 Data (UBR)
VC2 Video (CBR)VC2 Video (CBR)
VC2 Voice (VC2 Voice (rtrt--VBR)VBR)
End-User Applications
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Multi-Tenant and Multi-Dwelling Buildings (MTU & MDU)
Fewer regulatory issues.
Faster return on investment.
Less complexity in infrastructure.
Tenants are a captive audience for market testing and sellingadditional services.
High concentration of end users in a limited area. Ability to target specific customer types is increased because
similar types of customers lease similar properties.
Space is less of an issue (for equipment).
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Stinger FS / LS / RT / CR/ MRT
Complete line of DSL AccessConcentrators. Central Office, remote terminal and
MTU/MDU deployments. Segment-leading port densities.
Stinger LSStinger RT
Stinger MRT
Stinger FS / FS+
Stinger CR
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B db d AB db d A
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Stinger Compact Remote
Environmentally hardened
enclosure.
Enables use of standard LIM
cards. Extends DSL services closer to
subscriber.
1 Stinger FS+ supports 8
Compact Remotes.
Broadband Access
Stinger Product Line
Broadband Access
Stinger Product Line
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Control Modules (CM) In FS and FS+, Control Modules occupy the center
two slots in the front of the chassis
In LS and RT, Control Modules occupy the 3rd and4th right-most slots
Simplex or duplex operation with independent pathsto LIMs and TMs supported
Control Module functions (common to all CM types):
1.6 Gbps ATM switching fabric
Monitors all slot cards, controlsredundancy/protection switching
Software maintained on CM (TAOS), anddownloads SW to LIMs when they initialize
System management via: NAVIS Access,Command Line Interface SNMP
2 PCMCIA slots (for software downloads)
10/100 Mbps Ethernet port and craft console port
FS, FS+ LS, RT
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Control Module Family:
STGR-CM-A . . . base Control Module
STGR-CM-B . . . same as STGR-CM-A but includes integrated 56K modem
STGR-CM-C . . . same as STGR-CM-B but includes stratum-3 clock
STGRRT-CM-A . . . same as STGR-CM-A but environmentally hardened for use in the Stinger RT
STGRRT-CM-B . . . same as STGR-CM-B but environmentally hardened for use in the Stinger RT
STGRRT-CM-C . . . same as STGR-CM-C but environmentally hardened for use in the Stinger RT
STGR-CM-IP2000-C . . . IP-2000 with copper Gigabit Ethernet (1000BaseT) interface
STGR-CM-IP2000-F . . . IP-2000 with optical Gigabit Ethernet interface, requires
purchase of SFP optical moduleSTGR-SFP-LX . . . Long-haul single-mode fiber (1000BaseLX) module
STGR-SFP-SX . . . Short-haul multi-mode fiber (1000BaseSX) module
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Rear ViewFS, FS+ LS, RT
Trunk Modules (TMs) In FS and FS+, Trunk Modules occupy the
center two slots in the rear of the chassis
In LS and RT, Trunk Modules occupy the right-most slots
Simplex or duplex (redundant) operationsupported
Trunk Modules are available with:
1 or 2 port DS3 or E3 (coax)
1 or 2 port OC3c/STM1 (single-mode fiber,and multimode versions)
TRAM - 2 OC3cs and 4 DS3s
OC12c available in 2003
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Trunk Module Family:
STGR-TM-OC3-1 . . . single-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/intermediate-reach
STGR-TM-OC3-2 . . . dual-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/intermediate-reach
STGR-TM-OC3-1L . . . single-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/long-reachSTGR-TM-OC3-2L . . . dual-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/long-reach
STGR-TM-OC3-1M . . . single-port OC3c/STM1 . . . multi-mode
STGR-TM-OC3-2M . . . dual-port OC3c/STM1 . . . multi-mode
STGR-TM-DS3-1 . . . single-port DS3STGR-TM-DS3-2 . . . dual-port DS3
STGR-TM-E3-1 . . . single-port E3
STGR-TM-E3-2 . . . dual-port E3
STGR-TRAM-D4-O2 . . . Four-port DS3 and two-port OC3c . . . only for use in FS/FS+
STGR-TRAM-E4-O2 . . . Four-port E3 and two-port STM1 . . . only for use in FS/FS+
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
Line Interface Modules (LIMs) In FS and FS+, LIMs occupy the seven slots to the
left and to the right of the Control Modules
In LS and RT, LIMs occupy the 5 or 7 slots to theleft of the Control Modules, and alternate slots withLPMs
LIMs in conjunction with LPMs provide the DSLsubscriber interfaces (and DS1/E1 IMA)
LIMs have 155 Mbit/s serial data path to each
Control Module LIMs provide aggregation with ATM traffic
management for QoS (CBR, VBR-rt, VBR-nrt,UBR)
1:n LIM redundancy via use of PSM
FS, FS+ LS, RT
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
Line Interface Module (LIM) Family:
STGR-LIM-SQ-48 48-port SDSL 2B1Q SDSL up to 2.3 Mbps
STGR-LIM-AD-48 48-port ADSL Annex A Full-rate and G.Lite, line sharing with POTS
STGR-LIM-AD-72 72-port ADSL Annex A Full-rate and G.Lite, line sharing with POTS
STGR-LIM-AB-48 48-port ADSL Annex B Full-rate ADSL, line sharing with ISDN
STGR-LIM-SL-48 48-port SHDSL G.shdsl, supports 2-wire and 4-wire mode
STGR-LIM-SL-72 72-port SHDSL G.shdsl, supports 2-wire and 4-wire mode
STGR-LIM-H2-32 32-port SHDSL/HDSL2 HDSL2/G.shdsl
STGR-LIM-ID-32 32-port IDSL Frame Relay (or PPP) over IDSL w/interworkingto ATM
STGR-LIM-T1-8 8-port T1 IMA
STGR-LIM-T1-24 24-port T1 IMA
STGR-LIM-E1-8 8-port T1 IMA
STGR-LIM-E1-24 24-port T1 IMA
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Rear View
FS, FS+ LS, RT
Path Selector Module (PSM) andCopper Loop Test (CLT)Modules
Occupies a LPM slot corresponding to a spareLIM
PSM function allows protection switching offailed LIM ports to spare LIM on a port-by-portbasis
CLT contains PSM function, but adds integratedloop test capability
PSM and CLT Family:
STGR-PSM Supports port-level redundancy for up to 48 ports simultaneously when used in conjunctionwith STGR-LPM(2)-nn-RP. Also provides access for an external CLT to a subscriber line.
STGR-PSM2 Supports port-level redundancy for up to 72 ports simultaneously when used in conjunctionwith STGR-LPM(2)-nn-RP. Also provides access for an external CLT to a subscriber line.
STGR-CLT Provides 48-port Path Selector Module plus an integrated test head for remotely controlledloop qualification and maintenance
STGR-CLTE Provides 72-port Path Selector Module plus an enhanced integrated test head for remotelycontrolled loop qualification and maintenance
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
Line
InterfaceModules (14)
Control
Modules (2)
Dual PCMCIA
Slots
10/100 MbpsEthernet port
SerialCraft Port
Cooling
Assembly
TrunkModules (2)
LineProtection
Modules (14)50 -pinconnectors
-48VDC LineFilters
Alarm
Module
Front View
Rear View
Circuit Pack Summary for FS/FS+
Stinger MRT
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
Stinger MRT
23 Model
Stinger MRT Family:
MRT-AD-36S-SR-56K 23 MRT base unit: 36 ADSL ports w/Splitters and 56K modem
MRT-TM-OC3-2 Dual-port OC-3c Trunk Module
MRT-TM-DS3-2 Dual-port DS3 Trunk Module
MRT-TM-T1E1 T1/E1 Trunk Module (number of T1/E1 ports enabled and IMAvia software option)
MRT19-AD-48 19 MRT base unit: 48 ADSL ports
MRT19-TM-OC3-2 Dual-port OC-3c Trunk Module
MRT19-TM-DS3-2 Dual-port DS3 Trunk Module
MRT19-TM-T1E1 T1/E1 Trunk Module (number of T1/E1 ports enabled and IMAvia software option)
19 MRT with 36 SHDSL ports available March 2003 onwards
19 Model
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
Control
Module
TrunkModule
2:1 2:1
= STS-3c Serial Link
(155 Mbits/sec)
= Utopia2
16 bits at 50 MHz
PSMLPM
LIM
DSLAM Redundancy Architecture
Control
Module
TrunkModule
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
LIM Port Redundancy via PSM
PSMLPM
LIM
LPM
LIM LIM
(spare)
PSM
Normal Operation
LPM
LIM LIM
(spare)
PSM
Redundant Operation
Mid-plane
Redundancy Path
To CLT To CLT
Network
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
Trunk Module
Control Module
Line InterfaceModule
Line Protection
Module
CPE
Trunk-to-CPE direction
Switching
Prioritized output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication Early packet discard Partial packet discard O, A & M cell filtering and insertion Explicit rate marking
De-aggregation
Prioritized output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication Early packet discard
Peak cell rate shaping
Frame or cell output
CPE-to-Trunk direction
Switching Weighted round-robin output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication Early packet discard Partial packet discard Peak cell rate shaping O, A & M cell filtering and insertion Explicit rate marking
Aggregation
Frame or cell input Policing Prioritized output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication
Early packet discardAAL5 serialization Peak cell rate shaping
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CPE
Functional Relationship Between DSLAM Modules
Trunk ModuleSwitching &
Control ModuleLine Interface
Module
Line Protection
Module
Ripper MagicRipper
Network
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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
PowerNode
StrandStrand
MountMount
PolePole
MountMount
FDI / RTFDI / RT
MountMount
PedestalPedestal
MountMount
Stinger FS+w/ Optical LIM
Rural deployments
Street cabinet, Pole mounted etc.. Price / Performance Improvement
Two-fiber spans per Stinger Compact Remote
- 15 km reach
Options for remote or local powering
Stinger CR Deployment Scenarios
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CellPipePortfolio
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Residential ADSL annex B
ATM CPEATM CPE
availab
leNOW
CellPipe 22A-BX
Bridge/Router(ADSL annex B)
Ethernet and USB 1.1
CellPipe 22A-FX
Bridge/Router(ADSL annex B)
4 port Ethernet switch
CellPipe 20A-BX
Bridge/Router(ADSL annex B)
Ethernet
CellPipe 21A-BX
Bridge(ADSL annex B)
Ethernet
CellPipePortfolio
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Business
availab
leNOW
ATM CPEATM CPEFrame Relay CPEFrame Relay CPE
DSLPipe-HST-xx(SDSL)
CellPipe 20HBridge/Router(2-wire SHDSL)
CellPipe 20H-4Bridge/Router
(4-wire SHDSL bonding)
CellPipe 40H-CES
CES Bridge/Router forT1/E1, LAN(SHDSL)
CellPipe 55A-GXHigh End Router+ VPNGateway with extended
Security and ISDN backupport (ADSL annex A)
CellPipe 55A-BXHigh End Router + VPNGateway with extended
Security and ISDN backupport (ADSL annex B)
ADSL SHDSL