A Draft Report

ON

A remote home security system based on WSN and GSM

Submitted to

Amity University Uttar Pradesh

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

(B.tech - ECE)

By

Sushil kumar

Sachin mohan sharma

Under the guidance of

MR. Paurush bhulania

NAME OF THE INSTITUTE

AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH

NOIDA (U.P.)

April 2014

Declaration

I/We, ………………………………………………………………………………………………….., student(s) of (Name of the Programme) hereby declare that the project titled “……………………………………………..” which is submitted by me/us to Department of ……………………………., Name of the Institute, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of the degree of (Name of the degree) in ….. , has not been previously formed the basis for the award of any degree, diploma or other similar title or recognition.

The Author attests that permission has been obtained for the use of any copy righted material appearing in the Project report other than brief excerpts requiring only proper acknowledgement in scholarly writing and all such use is acknowledged.

Signature

Noida

Date Name and Signature of Student(s)

CERTIFICATE

On the basis of declaration submitted by …………….., student(s) of B. Tech……..….., I hereby

certify that the project titled “…………………………………………………...” which is submitted to Name of the Institute, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of (Name of the degree) in ….., is an original contribution with existing knowledge and faithful record of work carried out by him/them under my guidance and supervision.

To the best of my knowledge this work has not been submitted in part or full for any Degree

or Diploma to this University or elsewhere.

Acknowledgement

I express my sincere gratitude to my industry guide Mr. paurushbhulania, his able guidance,

continuous support and cooperation throughout my project, without which the present work

would not have been possible.

I would also like to put forward my special regards and thanks to Mr. paurushbhulaniafor his

untiring support and encouragement for our project.

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a low-power consumption remote home security alarm system developed by

applying WSN and GSM technology is presented. It can detect the theft, leaking of raw gas

and fire, and send alarm message remotely. The hardware of this system includes the single

chip C5081F310, wireless receiving and sending chip CC1100 as well as the SIMENS TC35

GSM module. The system software developed in C51 language has the ability of collecting,

wireless receiving and sending data, and can send a piece of alarm short message to the user’s

mobile phone when some dangerous condition has been detected. Security monitoring systems

are popular in home automation, it is capable of monitoring door & window magnetic contact,

smoke, gas leak, water flooding, providing simple controls such as turning off the valves, and

sending the alarms to the residential area security network etc. The security alarming system is

based on low power consumption micro-controller MSP430F135. A description of the system

architecture, circuit principle and the firmware flowchart is presented. The system uses a

control key fob for activating and de-activating the alarm easily, supports Web interface so that

user can access the system remotely to control, search or review the history record, and offers a

LCD panel for simple configuration.

Table of Contents

Declaration i

Certificate ii

Acknowledgement iii

Abstract iv

Table of contents v

1. Introduction

2. Selection and design of system hardware

2.1 Wireless sensor network node module

2.2 Chosen of GSM module

3 .Design of the system software

3.1 Software module for WSN node communication

3.2 Software module for GSM communication

4. Set up a prototype system and test

5. Wireless sensor network characteristics

5.1 Network topology

5.2 Power management

5.3 Network coverage

6. Proposed work

6.1 Temperature sensor

6.2 PIR sensor

6.3 Gas sensor

7. Microcontroller

7.1 Introduction to 8051 microcontroller

7.2 Architecture of 8051 microcontroller

7.3 PIN description of 8051

8. Programming in 8051

8.1 Assembling and running 8051

8.2 Addressing modes of 8051 programs

9. Advantages

9.1 Advantages of c

9.2 KEIL

9.2.1 Working of KEIL

9.2.2 Block diagram of home security system based on WSN and GSM

10. GSM 300 module

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Application

10.3 Features

11. Current and future developments

12. Conclusion

13. Reference

INTRODUCTION

Safety is the most important requirement of home for people. With the

development of IT technology, network and automatic control technology, a

remote home security monitoring and alarming system becomes more and

more practicable today. By combining wireless sensor network(WSN) and

GSM technology, this paper designs a low-power consumption remote home

security monitoring and alarming system that can detect the theft, leaking of

raw gas and fire, and send alarm message to the house owner’s mobile

phone. The Wireless sensor network is composed of a large amount of

miniature self-organizing wireless sensor nodes. By combining three kinds of

technology such as sensor, The micromechatronics and wireless

communication, WSN can detect, collect and deal with the object information

in its covering area, and send data to the observer. In a word, WSN

technology has the advantages of wide covering area, able to remote

monitoring, high monitoring precision, fast network establishment and

reasonable cost. GSM network has the advantages of mature technology,

wide covering area, long communication distance, and sound communication

effect and so on. The remote home security system presented in this paper

combines so many advantages of WSN and GSM. Firstly, wherever the users

are, once some dangerous instance happens in home, such as gas leaking or

thief intruding, this system can send alarm short message to the users

through GSM network immediately, informing people the possible dangerous

circumstances in home. Secondly, the wireless sensor network established in

home has the features of establishment, without use of cable, and low-power

consumption. Intelligent home, also known as the smart residential home, is moving towards the

wireless remote control, multi-media control, and high-speed data transmission. The key technology of

intelligent home is compatible to household controllers and it can also meet the transmission requirements

through home networking . At present, lots of integrated transport network is based on comprehensive

wiring technology, limiting the system to special places ,and higher cost. Currently, researches on the

wireless intelligent home security surveillance system is becoming a hotspot due to its flexibility and

convenience .At present, the application of intelligent home wireless communication technologies mainly

include: IrDA infrared technology, and so on . IrDA is a short distance for the half-duplex point-to-point

communication. Besides, it’s inconvenient and of high error rate, which make IrDA not applicable to the

family network communication. Bluetooth technology islimited by network capacity and it costs much.

SoBluetooth technology is not suitable for the homenetwork with a large number of nodes.

1.System ArchitectureModular Design is throughout the system. System is built on the embedded system, and it can monitor the

important position through the CMOS camera. Home state SMS and images MMS are sent to specialized

mobile phones. Besides, household appliances can be remotely controlled by SMS. the system

motherboard with smoke, temperature, gas sensors, forming a wireless networking. The system

motherboard core controller is S3C44B0X-32 microcontroller and mainly responsible for dealing with the

data. And Expand access plate to smoke, infrared, gas and other domestic security state sensor. MMS

module makes the system controller send the family security status information to mobile phone users.

Users send and receive text messages of instruction. The system structure is illustrated in

Fig.1. It is composed of the MCU-based home wireless control center, one WSN

center node module, and several data collecting nodes, GSM module, GSM network

and mobile phone. The WSN data collecting node modules are connected with pyro

electric infrared detector, temperature sensor, smoke detector and gas sensor

separately. When the pyro electric infrared detector finds that some people intrudes

into the house abnormally; or when the temperature sensor detects too high indoor

temperature and at the same time, the smoke sensor detects over proof smoke

concentration; or when the gas sensor detects over proof. the combustible gas

concentration, the sensors will send encoded alarm signal to the home control

center through the wireless sensor network established in home. Once the wireless

control center receives alarm signal, it will send alarm short message to the users

through the GSM module and GSM network immediately.

2. SELECTION AND DESIGN OF SYSTEM HARDWARE

2.1 Wireless Sensor Network Node Module

The wireless sensor network in home of this system is composed of one center node

module and several data collecting node modules, operating in point-to-multi point

communication mode. In different application, the formation of a WSN node is not

always the same. In general, a WSN node includes four parts: data collecting unit,

data processing unit, wireless communication unit and power management unit.

The data collecting unit is composed of the sensors and A/D conversion module. In

this remote wireless home security system, some pyro electric infrared detectors,

temperature sensors, smoke detectors and gas sensors are used .The data

processing unit is responsible to save and deal with the data collected by the

sensors and received from other nodes. In this system, the C8051F310 MCU from

Cygnal Corporation is chosen as the data processing unit. The wireless

communication unit is often composed of the low power consumption, short

distance radio frequency (RF) transceiver. In this system, the wireless dual-way chip

CC1100 dedicated in wireless and low power consumption application is chosen to

implement wireless communication. C8051F310 MCU can control the main working

parameter of CC1100 and communicate with CC1100 through SPI interface. The SPI

standard interface include main output slave input (MOSI), main input slave output

(MISO) and serial clock (CLK). The master CLK is synchronized with the slave

CLK.CC1100 can set the working mode, read and write cache data and status

register through SPI bus. The RF chip is connected with MCU through SPI interface

to make a wireless communication system that can control receiving and sending

function freely. The hardware connection between C8051F310 with CC1100 is

showed in Fig. 2.

2.2Chosen of GSM Module

As the third generation GSM dual frequency module, TC35 GSM module has

the following features: compact and low power consumption; support dual

frequency of GSM900 and GSM1800; provide standard AT command

interface to users; provide fast, reliable and safe transmission of data, voice,

short message and fax . It is ideal for this system because of its high quality

short message function.

3. DESIGN OF SYSTEM SOFTWAREThe system software, which is developed with C51 programming language,

has two main modules, one for the WSN node communication, and one for

the GSM communication.

3.1Software Module for WSN Node Communication

In the indoor wireless sensor network, the communication protocol is divided

into three layers. The first layer is physical layer whose function has been

implemented by CC1100 hardware itself. The second layer is network layer.

The second layer is network layer which applies TEEN(threshold sensitive energy

efficient sensor network) protocol. The data will be transmitted through the

wireless sensor network only when the observed value changes suddenly. The third

layer is application layer. In this layer, the system’s application software is divided

into two modules, WSN data collecting node software module and WSN center node

software module. The former, running on the slave MCU of data collecting nodes, is

responsible for collecting sensor data and wireless transmitting them. The latter,

running on the master MCU of WSN center node, is responsible for wireless

receiving data and judging whether it’s need to start the alarming process or not. If

yes, it will drive TC35 GSM module to send alarm short message to user’s mobile

phone.

The software flow of center node module is illustrated in Fig. 4.And the software

flow of data collecting node module is illustrated.

3.2

3.2 Software Module for GSM Communication

When the WSN center node module receives abnormal data, it will drive TC35 GSM

module to send alarm short message through GSM network. TC35 GSM module

supports standard AT command set. MCU control the operation of TC35 module by

inputting different AT function commands through the serial port. Some GSM AT

commands relevant to short message are listed. The sending mode of short

message depends on the interface supported by the short message service center

in the GSM network. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has

defined three kinds of interface protocol for sending short message: Block mode,

Text mode and PDU mode. Block mode requires the mobile phone manufacture to

provide driving support. Text mode doesn’t support Chinese text. So at present,

PDU mode has become the core of most mobile phone for their short message

communication. It can provide more powerful functions than the other modes. So,

this system applies PDU mode to send alarming short message.

4. SET UP A PROTOTYPE SYSTEM AND TESTwe set up a sample prototype system in our lab room. As mentioned above, choose

C8051F310 MCUas the data processing unit of WSN center node module and data

collecting node module. Here, C8051F310 has a temperature sensor imbedded that

can detect the in-room temperature. After hardware connection, install the

appropriate software developed with C51 on MCU-based indoor wireless control

center. Then, we can start the test with this prototype system by changing the

preset temperature threshold. When the actual in-room temperature exceeds this

preset temperature threshold, the control center will immediately trigger TC35GSM

module to send an alarm short message to our mobile phone. Through the test

process, this prototype system operated successfully and effectively with reliable

and well communication.

5.WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS

For measuring and monitoring physical and non-physical activities in a remote area, various

types of wireless sensors are generally grouped in a network. Apart from the sensors, the

network may incorporate repeater hubs to extend the transmission range of the retrieved data.

The network may also incorporate processing units to analyze the data. The sensor networks

employ small, low power devices to do all the tasks. The sensors in the network capture the

activity and the collected data is communicated to a remote monitoring centre using wireless data

transfer techniques such as Radio Frequency (RF) communication. The size and cost constraints

on these types of network result in corresponding constraints being exerted on the resources such

a energy, memory, computational speed and bandwidth. a typical wireless sensor network, It

consists of a Data Acquisition Network (DAN) and a Data Distribution Network (DDN).In the

Data Acquisition Network, the data collected by the sensor nodes are transmitted, using RF

channel, to the Base Station Controller (BSC), which in turn is connected to the Management

Centre using wired or wireless connection. Some pre-processing of data is often done at the base

station which, for a small and simple sensor network, is generally equipped with a

microprocessor or microcontroller.The entire network is monitored and controlled by the

Management Centre which is equipped with large storage capacity and computational resources

to undertake data analysis and presentation. The Base Station provides a gateway to the Data

Distribution Network. For distribution of data with in the DDN, various kinds of transmission

techniques are used, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and Cellular networks (CDMA/GSM). Data may

be distributed to remote PCs/ Notebooks, handheld PDAs and cellular phones. Thus, to build and

implement a sensor network, a designer needs to consider several aspects which are discussed in

the following sub-sections.

5.1 Network Topology

In any communication network, the message should be transmitted with a prescribed through put

and reliability. This is usually termed as “Quality of Service” (QoS). It can be specified in terms

of message delay, bit error rates, packet loss, economic cost of transmission, transmission power,

etc. Depending on the QoS, the installation environment, economic considerations, and the

application, one of several basic network topologies such as star, ring bus or tree connection may

be used. A communication network consists of nodes, which in our case are sensors, each of

which hascomputing power and can transmit and receive messagesover communication links,

wireless or cabled.

5.2 Power Management

Since the wireless sensors are geographically distributed, often in remote sites, the lifetime of the

sensor nodes is important. Power generation, power conservation and power management play

very important roles in extending the lifetime of the motes. Most of the power is consumed in the

process of RF communication since the required transmission power increases as the square of

the distance between source and destination. While software power management techniques can

greatly decrease the power consumed by RF sensor nodes, TDMA is especially useful for power

conservation, since a node can power down between its assigned time slots, waking up in time to

receive and transmit messages.

5.3 Network Coverage

The coverage area of the sensor is defined as the effective range of the sensor connected to its

sensor node. In a network, high coverage makes it robust system and this can be exploited to

extend the network lifetime by switching redundant nodes to power-saving and sleep modes.

6.PROPOSED WORK

• The standard is aiming to be low cost, low power solutions for systems

consisting of devices in house, factories and offices.

• In the transmitter section three sensors namely gas sensor,

temperature sensor and PIR sensor are connected for sensing the gas

leakage, excess temperature and human presence. The sensors

connected detect the changes occuring in the environment.

• When any changes are detected the microcontroller transmits the

signal through gsm which could be analyzed through the pc with help

sensors also a message is sent to the user through GSM.

.6.1 TEMP SENSOR:-

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose

output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade)

temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature

sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large

constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling.

The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide

typical accuracies of ±1⁄4°Cat room temperature and ±3⁄4°C cover a full −55

to +150°Ctemperature range. Low cost is assured by trimming and

calibration at the wafer level. The LM35’s low output impedance, linear

output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or

control circuitry especially easy. Itcan be used with single power supplies, or

with plus and minus supplies. As it draws only 60 μA from its supply, it

hasvery low self-heating, less than 0.1°C in still air. The LM35 israted to

operate over a −55° to +150°C temperature range,while the LM35C is rated

for a −40° to +110°C range (−10°with improved accuracy). The LM35D is

also availablein an 8-lead surface mount small outline package and aplastic

TO-220 package.

Features

Calibrated directly in ° Celsius (Centigrade)

Linear + 10.0 mV/°C scale factor

0.5°C accuracy guaranteeable (at +25°C)

Rated for full −55° to +150°C range

Suitable for remote applications

Low cost due to wafer-level trimming

Operates from 4 to 30 volts

Less than 60 μA current drain

Low self-heating, 0.08°C in still air

6.2 PIR SENSOR

All PIR sensors detect changes in infra-red radiation, in the form of heat emitted by a number of bodies including people, cars and, to a lesser extent, dogs or other small animals. The bigger the body, the more infra-red radiation is emitted and the easier it is for a PIR sensor to detect.The field of view is the area in which changes in infra-red radiation can be detected. The field of view can alter with changes in temperature and the size of the heat source.The construction of the PIR and the Fresnel Lens divide the field of view into a number of zones both vertically and horizontally, as shown in the diagram overleaf. Each zone is constantly monitored by the sensor. When a person or other heat source enters any zone, the level of infra-red radiation in that zone increases .This change is detected and processed by the sensor, switching on the connected lighting and starting the in-built ‘Time’ process. Providing the heat source (person) continues to move in the field of view, the PIR sensor will keep processing the changes in infra-red radiation and the lighting will stay on. If a person stands still in the field of view or moves out of the

detection area, the sensor will not detect any changes in infra-red radiation between the zones and the lights will go out after the ‘Time’ period is complete.In order for the sensor to most effectively detect changes in heat between zones, it is advisable to walk across the zones not up or along a zone.PIR sensors are passive devices, they do not emit or radiate any energy or beams.

6.3 GAS SENSOR

Infrared (IR) gas detection is a well-developed measurement technology. Infrared gas analyzer shave a

reputation for being complicated, cumber some, and expensive .However, recent technical advancements,

including the availability of powerfull amplifiers and associated electronic components, have opened a

new frontier for infrared gas analysis. These advancements have resulted from an increase in demand in

the commercial sector, and these demands will likely continue to nourish the advancement of this

technology. Gases to be detected are often corrosive and reactive. With most sensor types, the sensor

itself is directly exposed to the gas, often causing the sensor to drift or die prematurely. The main

advantage of IR instruments is that the detector does not directly interact with the gas (or gases) to be

detected. The major functional components of the analyzer are protected with optical parts.

In other words, gas molecules interact only with a light beam. Only the sample cell and related

components are directly exposed to the gas sample stream. These components can be treated, making

them resistant to corrosion, and can be designed such that they are easily removable for maintenance or

replacement. Today, many IR instruments are available for a wide variety of applications. Many of

them offer simple, Hazardous Gas Monitors rugged, and reliable designs. In general, for toxic

and combustible gas monitoring applications, IR instruments are among the most user friendly

and require the least amount of maintenance. There is virtually an unlimited number of

applications for which IR technology can be used. Gases whose molecules consist of two or

more dissimilar atoms absorb infrared radiation in a unique manner and are detectable using

infrared techniques. Infrared sensors are highly selective and offer a

wide range of sensitivities, from parts per million levels to 100

percent concentrations. This chapter provides general information,

with a special emphasis on instruments used for area air quality and

safety applications.

7 MICROCONTROLLER (8051):-

7.1 Introduction to 8051 microcontrollers

The Intel 8051 is an 8-bit microcontroller which means that most available operations are limited

to 8 bits. There are 3 basic "sizes" of the 8051: Short, Standard, and Extended. The Short and

Standard chips are often available in DIP (dual in-line package) form, but the Extended 8051

models often have a different form factor, and are not "drop-in compatible". All these things are

called 8051 because they can all be programmed using 8051 assembly language, and they all

share certain features (although the different models all have their own special features).

Some of the features that have made the 8051 popular are:

4 KB on chip program memory.

128 bytes on chip data memory(RAM).

4 register banks.

128 user defined software flags.

8-bit data bus

16-bit address bus

32 general purpose registers each of 8 bits

16 bit timers (usually 2, but may have more, or less).

3 internal and 2 external interrupts.

Bit as well as byte addressable RAM area of 16 bytes.

Four 8-bit ports, (short models have two 8-bit ports).

16-bit program counter and data pointer.

1 Microsecond instruction cycle with 12 MHz Crystal.

7.2 Architecture of 8051 microcontroller

It is 8-bit microcontroller, means MC 8051 can

Read, Write and Process 8 bit data. This is

mostly used microcontroller in the robotics,

home appliances likemp3 player, washing

machines, electronic iron and industries. Mostly used blocks in the architecture of 8051 are as

follows:

Fig1: 8051 architecture

7.3 PIN description of 8051

Fig2: PIN diagram of 8051

Pins 1-8: Port 1 Each of these pins can be configured as an input or an output.

Pin 9: RS A logic one on this pin disables the microcontroller and clears the contents of most

registers. In other words, the positive voltage on this pin resets the microcontroller. By applying

logic zero to this pin, the program starts execution from the beginning.

Pins10-17: Port 3 Similar to port 1, each of these pins can serve as general input or output.

Besides, all of them have alternative functions:

Pin 10: RXD Serial asynchronous communication input or Serial synchronous communication

output.

Pin 11: TXD Serial asynchronous communication output or Serial synchronous communication

clock output.

Pin 12: INT0 Interrupt 0 input.

Pin 13: INT1 Interrupt 1 input.

Pin 14: T0 Counter 0 clock input.

Pin 15: T1 Counter 1 clock input.

Pin 16: WR Write to external (additional) RAM.

Pin 17: RD Read from external RAM.

Pin 18, 19: X2, X1 Internal oscillator input and output. A quartz crystal which specifies

operating frequency is usually connected to these pins. Instead of it, miniature ceramics

resonators can also be used for frequency stability. Later versions of microcontrollers operate at

a frequency of 0 Hz up to over 50 Hz.

Pin 20: GND Ground.

Pin 21-28: Port 2 If there is no intention to use external memory then these port pins are

configured as general inputs/outputs. In case external memory is used, the higher address byte,

i.e. addresses A8-A15 will appear on this port. Even though memory with capacity of 64Kb is

not used, which means that not all eight port bits are used for its addressing, the rest of them are

not available as inputs/outputs.

Pin 29: PSEN If external ROM is used for storing program then a logic zero (0) appears on it

every time the microcontroller reads a byte from memory.

Pin 30: ALE Prior to reading from external memory, the microcontroller puts the lower address

byte (A0-A7) on P0 and activates the ALE output. After receiving signal from the ALE pin, the

external register (usually 74HCT373 or 74HCT375 add-on chip) memorizes the state of P0 and

uses it as a memory chip address. Immediately after that, the ALU pin is returned its previous

logic state and P0 is now used as a Data Bus. As seen, port data multiplexing is performed by

means of only one additional (and cheap) integrated circuit. In other words, this port is used for

both data and address transmission.

Pin 31: EA By applying logic zero to this pin, P2 and P3 are used for data and address

transmission with no regard to whether there is internal memory or not. It means that even there

is a program written to the microcontroller, it will not be executed. Instead, the program written

to external ROM will be executed. By applying logic one to the EA pin, the microcontroller will

use both memories, first internal then external (if exists).

Pin 32-39: Port 0 Similar to P2, if external memory is not used, these pins can be used as general

inputs/outputs. Otherwise, P0 is configured as address output (A0-A7) when the ALE pin is

driven high (1) or as data output (Data Bus) when the ALE pin is driven low (0).

Pin 40: VCC +5V power supply.

8.1 Assembling and Running 8051 Program

Fig Flow chart

Steps:

• Type your program in editor of software widely used editors are notepad.

• Save this file with file name . asm } depending on assembler or file name . src notepad produce

ASCII file.

• “ASM” source file contains program code assembler converts the instruction into machine code

and produces “obj” file and “1st file” (object file and link file). Linker program takes one or

more object files and produces an absolute object file with extension “abs”.

“abs” file is used by 8051 trainer that have a monitor program.

“abs” file is fed into a program code called “OH”

Which create a file with extension “Hex” that is ready to burn into ROM lst file contains all

opcode and address as well as error that assembler detected.

8.2 Addressing modes of 8051

Immediate Addressing Mode

Example:

MOV A, #6AH

In general we can write MOV A, #data

This addressing mode is named as “immediate” because it transfers an 8-bit data immediately to

the accumulator (destination operand).

Direct Addressing Mode

This is another way of addressing an operand. Here the address of the data (source data ) is given

as operand. Let’s take an example.

MOV A, 04H

Here 04H is the address of register 4 of register bank#0. When this instruction is executed,

whatever data is stored in register 04H is moved to accumulator. In the picture below we can see,

register 04H holds the data 1FH. So the data 1FH is moved to accumulator.

Register Direct addressing Mode

In this addressing mode we use the register name directly (as source operand). An example is

shown below.

MOV A, R4

At a time registers can take value from R0,R1…to R7. You may already know there are 32 such

registers.

Register Indirect Addressing Mode

So in this addressing mode, address of the data (source data to transfer) is given in the register

operand.

MOV A, @R0

Here the value inside R0 is considered as an address, which holds the data to be transferred to

accumulator.

Example: If R0 holds the value 20H, and we have a data 2F H stored at the address 20H, then the

value 2FH will get transferred to accumulator after executing this instruction.

Indexed Addressing Mode

Well lets see two examples first.

MOVC A, @A+DPTR and MOVC A, @A+PC

where DPTR is data pointer and PC is program counter (both are 16 bit registers). Lets take the

first example.

MOVC A, @A+DPTR

What’s the first impression you have now? The source operand is @A+DPTR and we know we

will get the source data (to transfer) from this location. It is nothing but adding contents of DPTR

with present content of accumulator. This addition will result a new data which is taken as the

address of source data (to transfer). The data at this address is then transferred to accumulator.

9.1 Advantages of C

It is a ‘mid-level’ language, with ‘high-level’ features (such as support for functions and

modules), and ‘low-level’ features (such as good access to hardware via pointers);

• It is very efficient;

• It is popular and well understood;

• Even desktop developers who have used only Java or C++

can soon understand C syntax;

• Good, well-proven compilers are available for every

embedded processor (8-bit to 32-bit or more);

• Experienced staff are available;

9.2 KEIL

The µVision IDE from Keil combines project management, make facilities, source code editing,

program debugging, and complete simulation in one powerful environment. The µVision

development platform is easy-to-use and helping you quickly create embedded programs that

work. The µVision editor and debugger are integrated in a single application that provides a

seamless embedded project development environment.

9.2.1 Working in Keil

Building an Application in μVision4

To build (compile, assemble, and link) an application in μVision4, you must:

• Select Project - Open Project.

• If loading a μVision3 project, change the file filter in the Select Project File dialog to

Previous Project Files (*.uv2; *.uv3; *.mpw).

• Select the project to load

• Select Project - Rebuild all target files or Build target.

μVision4 compiles, assembles, and links the files in your project

Debugging an Application in μVision4

To debug an application created using μVision4, you must:

• Select Debug - Start/Stop Debug Session.

• Use the Step toolbar buttons to single-step through your program. You may enter G, main

in the Output Window to execute to the main C function.

• Open the UART #2 Window using the Serial Windows - UART #2 button on the toolbar.

• Debug your program using standard options like Step, Go, Break, and so on.

Creating Your Own Application in μVision4

To create a new project in μVision4, you must:

• Select Project - New Project.

• Select a directory and enter the name of the project file.

• Select Project - Select Device and select an ARM, 8051, 251, or C16x/ST10 device from

the Device Database.

• Create source files to add to the project.

• Select Project - Targets, Groups, Files. Add/Files, select Source Group1, and add the

source files to the project.

• Select Project - Options and set the tool options. Note when you select the target device

from the Device Database all special options are set automatically. You typically only

need to configure the memory map of your target hardware. Default memory model

settings are optimal for most applications.

• Select Project - Rebuild all target files or Build target.

EMBEDDED CONTROLLER

MEMS

IR

Variable to be sensed by sensor ADC

LCD

GSM MODULE

MOBILE(authorized person)

LPG/SMOKE

Block diagram of home security system based on GSM and WSN

GSM SIM 300 Module

INTRODUCTION

This GSM Modem can accept any GSM network operator SIM card and act just like a mobile phone with its own unique phone number. Advantage of using this modem will be that you can use its RS232 port to communicate and develop embedded applications. Applications like SMS Control, data transfer, remote control and logging can be developed easily. The modem can either be connected to PC serial port directly or to any microcontroller. It can be used to send and receive SMS or make/receive voice calls. It can also be used in GPRS mode to connect to internet and do many applications for data logging and control. In GPRS mode you can also connect to any remote FTP server and upload files for data logging. This GSM modem is a highly flexible plug and play quad band GSM modem for direct and easy integration to RS232 applications. Supports features like Voice, SMS, Data/Fax, GPRS and integrated TCP/IP stack.

APPLICATIONS

• SMS based Remote Control & Alerts • Security Applications • Sensor Monitoring • GPRS Mode Remote Data Logging

FEATURES

• Highly Reliable for 24x7 operation with Matched Antenna • Status of Modem Indicated by LED

EMBEDDED CONTROLLER

Variable to be sensed by sensor

MAX 232TEMP/PIR

• Simple to Use & Low Cost • Quad Band Modem supports all GSM operator SIM cards

OUR PACKAGE INCLUDES

• GSM Modem - Assembled & Tested • GSM Antenna • 12V/1.5A SMPS

QUICK START GUIDE

• Insert SIM card: Press the yellow pin to remove the tray from the SIM cardholder. After properly fixing the SIM card in the tray, insert the tray in the slot provided.

• Connect Antenna: Screw the RF antenna if not already connected. • Connect RS232 Cable to PC/MCU: (Cable provided for RS232 communication).

Default baud rate is 9600 with 8-N-1, no hardware handshaking. • Connect the power Supply (12V 1A) to the power input of board. Polarity should be

Center +ve and outer –ve DC jack. • Network Led indicating various status of GSM module eg. Power on, network

registration & GPRS connectivity.

11. CURRENT & FUTURE DEVELOPMENTSThe reported inventions on home monitoring are based on different sensors, collection of sensors

data by a central processor, comparison of activities with a standard pattern and detection of

unusual or abnormal event in many situations. The cost of the complete system may be a critical

factor for its universal use. In future, the research should be targeted to develop a low-cost system

with the sensors essential to monitor the elder people at home. The time to detect any abnormal or

unusual incident should be detected as fast as possible and the message to the caregiver should

reach as quickly as practicable.

CONCLUSIONS

This paper presents one solution for establishing a low power consumption

remote home security alarm system. The system, based on WSN and GSM

technology, can detect the theft, leaking of raw gas and fire, and send alarm

message remotely. The hardware of this system includes the single

chipC5081F310, wireless receiving and sending chip CC1100 as well as the

SIMENS TC35 GSM module. The system software developed in C51 language

has the ability of collecting, wireless receiving and transmitting data, and

can send a piece of alarm short message to the user’s mobile phone when

some dangerous condition has been detected. With the advantages of

reliability, easy usage, complement wireless, and low power consumption,

the system also has practical value in other fields. Through connecting the

traditional sensor alarm system and image monitoring system, a new type of

smart security system is formed. Users can use the phone or PC to receive

MMS information. According to the need, users can set the mobile phone to

achieve a flexible and convenient home security monitoring.

REFERENCES

1. 2010 Second International Conference on Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computing.

2.Li Wenzhong, DuanChaoyu, C8051F Series MCU and Short DistanceWireless Data Communication, Beijing, Beijing University ofAeronautics & Astronautics Press, 2007, pp.188-190.

3.International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application Workshop Jun Hou, Chengdong Wu, Zhongjia Yuan, Jiyuan Tan, Qiaoqiao Wang, Yun Zhou

4. 2009 Pacific-Asia Conference on Circuits,Communications and System: Anan Fang, XiaolingXu, WenlingYang,Li ZhangElectronic Department of Information Engineering SchoolNan Chang University

5.“A Home Security Zigbee Network for Remote MonitoringApplication”

Dechuan Chen, Meifang Wang School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China

6.Y. Zhao and Z. Ye: “A Low Cost GSM/GPRS Based Wireless Home Security System ”, 2008 IEEE

7.2010 Second International Conference on Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computing NSWCTC 2010 Table of Contents Volume - 2

8.“Secure - Way an Affordable Home Security System” J. G. Vinson, D. L. Knight, and B. R. Mahafza

9.Wireless Sensors for Home Monitoring - A ReviewSubhas C. Mukhopadhyay*, AnuroopGaddam and Gourab S. Gupta

10.“The Wireless Sensor Network for Home-Care System Using ZigBee” Mao-Cheng Huang, Jyun-Ciang Huang, Jing-Cyun You, Gwo-Jia Jong11. “Analysis of Remote Control Techniques Employedin Home Automation and Security Systems” K. Balasubramanian and A. Cellatoglu

12.“ZigBee for wireless networking” Johan Lönn Jonas Olsson 15th March 2005