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THE JEFFERSONIAN UNIT & RHETORICAL ANALYSIS
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ARCHITECTURE
I. Jefferson Biography
II. Jefferson’s Influences and how he is
Influential
III. Reading Strategies
IV. Formative and Summative
Assignments
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JEFFERSON’S BIOGRAPHY
(April 13th, 1743 – July 4, 1826)
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Born in Shadwell, Virginia, in the Blue
Mountain Foothills.
Father, Peter Jefferson, land owner and
surveyor who owned 60 slaves.
Mother, Jane Randolph Jefferson, descended
from one of the wealthiest families in colonial
Virginia.
Had seven siblings.
Earliest memory: being carried around the
Jefferson estate on pillow by four slaves.
EARLY LIFE
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Practiced law under
George Wythe.
Decided in 1768 to build
his own house which he
called Monticello (Jefferson
never finished completion of
the house).
Married Martha Skelton
in 1770.
EARLY ADULTHOOD
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Father died when he was 14.
Ran away from home because
of strained relationship with
mother.
Attended College of William and
Mary in Williamsburg.
Obsessive student: spent 15
hours a day reading, 3 hours
practicing violin, and the
remaining 6 hours sleeping.
EDUCATION
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Wrote A Summary View o f
the Rights of Britshy America in
1774 which argued the
American colonies were loosely
controlled by Great Britain.
Virginia Legislature appointed
him delegate to 2nd Continental
Congress in 1775.
Though shy in nature, elected
to five-person committee to
separate from England with
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams,
among others.
EARLY POLITICAL CAREER
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Drafted The Declaration of
Independence which included phrase “We
hold these truths to be self-evident; that
all men are created equal” which has
inspired emerging democracies across
the globe.
Involved in the drafting of the
Constitution
Elected governor of Virginia in 1779.
Wife died in 1782 giving birth to 3rd
daughter..
Served as ambassador to France from
1784 – 1789.
REVOLUTION YEARS
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1781 wrote Notes on the State of
Virginia. which stated that the race in
America would be resolved with
“convulsions which will probably
never end but in the extermination of
one or the other race.”
Implicit in this statement, blacks
and whites would never get along.
Historians find this hypocritical
because Jefferson had a long affair
with his slave Sally Hemmings.
Note: the phrase “all men are
created equal” only included white
men. It never included African
Americans or women.
SLAVERY AND RACISM
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Louisiana Purchase and
Lewis and Clark Expedition
begins (1803).
Most other acts of
president unsuccessful with
his battles with Congress
and the Supreme Court.
PRESIDENCY 1801 - 1809
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During last years of Jefferson’s life he was extremely active.
Wrote thousands of letters each year, including a long correspondence
with John Adams.
He created a machine that would replicate any letter he wrote.
Founded the University of Virginia which was built from his design.
Tinkered with Monticello, but never found it to be complete.
John Adams and Jefferson died within hours of each other on July 4th,
1826 – fifty years to the day since the founding of the Republic.
Though Jefferson passed before Adams, Adams’ last words were
“Jefferson still lives.”
RETIREMENT
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JEFFERSON’S INFLUENCES AND INFLUENCE ON AMERICAN
RHETORIC
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RATIONALISM AS A REACTION TO PURITANISM
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PURITANISM
Key Dates: 1620 – 1720
Founded by the
Puritans who
immigrated to
American from England
to escape religious
persecution.
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PURITAN SUBJECT MATTER
Preoccupied with sin
and salvation.
Religion determines
social order and
morals.
“Didactic” or
teaching through
lecturing.
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PURITAN BELIEFS
People born from
Original Sin.
Hard Work and
Discipline lead to
salvation.
Emphasis on conforming
to God’s will and the will
of the group.
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RATIONALISM(1720 – 1820)
The period
leading up to the
Revolutionary War
and the founding of
the United States of
America.
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RATIONALISM SUBJECT MATTER
Nature of Government
-Monarchy vs.
Democratic
Politics and Public
Discussion
Based upon Science
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RATIONALIST BELIEFS
Support Personal
Freedoms
“Deism”
-Religion based
upon reason vs. Didactic
lecturing.
Universe Explored
through Discovery
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Is a dramatic depiction
of how the Salem Witch
Trials affected colonial
Salem, MA.
The play centers
around the conflict
between faith vs. reason.
THE CRUCIBLE
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Jefferson has influenced
prominent American leaders from
Abraham Lincoln to JFK, to FDR
to President Obama.
This unit we will explore those
influences and the conversation
that is still going on how America
forms “a more perfect union.”
POLITICAL ANCESTRY
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Building on our foundation
discuss ethos/pathos/logos, and
SOAPSToneR, we will add two
new reading strategies:
1. Liu Method: A reading
strategy the analyzes the
structure of a text.
2. Close Reading: A dissection
of a text.
READING STRATEGIES
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1. Practice Essays
2. Practice Multiple Choice Exam
3. Op-Ed Beats
4. Your own Declaration…
5. Close Reading
6. Vocabulary/Terms
7. Draft 1 of JRP (more info later)
1. Vocab/Term Quizzes
2. Summative Rhetorical
Analysis Essay
FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
Formative Summative
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QUESTIONS?
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PLEASE STAND FOR THINK ON YOUR FEET