Download - History & Principles
History & Principles(VOED 6513)
Presented by
Murelene Walker
December 8, 2003
Vocational Advocate – Pursued vo-ed as we know it today
Hoke Smith Justin Morrill Carroll S. Page David Agnew
Carroll S. Page Businessman/Banker Governor Senator/Republican
Education and the Early Years
Education History Apprenticeships Lyceum Movement Land Grant Colleges Chautauqua Movement
Apprenticeships Oldest type of vo-ed Poor Laws Declined
Lyceums 1826 Founded by Josiah Holbrook Shared experiences
Land Grant Colleges Founder – Justin Morrill – 1862 30,000 acres
Chautauqua Founded by John Vincent - 1874 New York For Sunday School Teachers Tents/Summertime
Educational Changes
The Morrill Act has proven to be the beginning…for really carrying vocational education to the masses of our people.
Hoke and Page
Smith/Lever Act of 1914 President Woodrow Wilson Hoke Smith becomes Chairman of the
Committee on Education and Labor Inducted the Smith/Lever bill
Commission on Vocational Education
Senator Hoke Smith (GA) – Chairman Senator Carroll Page (Vermont) Rep. Dudley Hughes (GA) Rep. S.D. Fess (Ohio) John Lapp (Indiana) Florence Marshall – Director, Manhattan Trade School for
Girls Agnes Nestor – Pres. International Glove Workers’ Union Charles A. Prosser, Secretary (NSPIE) Charles H. Winslow, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Vocational Education Bill Commissioner of Education and 5 other
associates versus positions filled by busy Cabinet officers
Creation of a State Board Required attendance of children in school State Control
Smith and Hughes Vocational Bill (Page) Hughes Bill Joining of Forces
It’s a Law…I’m just a bill,
Yes, I’m only a bill,
And I’m sitting here on Capitol Hill.
Well, it’s a long, long journey
To the capital city,
It’s a long, long wait
While I’m sitting in committee,
But I know I’ll be a law someday…
At least I hope and pray that I will,
But today I’m just a bill.
Agriculture Enrollment
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
1918 1923 1928 1933 1938 1943 1948
DayPart-TimeEvening
Home Economics Enrollment
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
1918 1923 1928 1933 1938 1943 1948
DayPart-TimeEvening